JP6735628B2 - Partial repair method for reinforced soil wall - Google Patents
Partial repair method for reinforced soil wall Download PDFInfo
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- JP6735628B2 JP6735628B2 JP2016155513A JP2016155513A JP6735628B2 JP 6735628 B2 JP6735628 B2 JP 6735628B2 JP 2016155513 A JP2016155513 A JP 2016155513A JP 2016155513 A JP2016155513 A JP 2016155513A JP 6735628 B2 JP6735628 B2 JP 6735628B2
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Description
本発明は補強土壁の補修方法に関し、特に、補強土壁全体の補強構造に影響を与えずに、破損した壁面材のみを補修可能な、補強土壁の部分補修方法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for repairing a reinforced soil wall, and more particularly to a method for partially repairing a reinforced soil wall that can repair only a damaged wall material without affecting the reinforced structure of the entire reinforced soil wall.
補強土壁とは、盛土体と、盛土体前面の複数の壁面材と、壁面材と盛土体の間に介在する排水層と、壁面材を盛土体に連結する連結具と、を備えた構造物であって、盛土層内に補強材を敷設することで垂直やこれに近い壁面を構築することができる。
補強土壁は車両の衝突や地震に伴う変状などによって、壁面材にひび割れや角欠けなどの損傷を負うことがある。
非特許文献１（アデムウォール協会ＨＰ『補修手順［撤去］［再設置］』）には補強土壁の補修方法が開示されている。これによれば、補強土壁の補修工事は、（１）笠コンクリートの撤去、（２）排水層の砕石の撤去、（３）壁面材の背面から盛土体へ延びる連結具の切断、（４）破損した壁面材の撤去、（５）交換用の新壁面材の設置、（６）新壁面材と連結具の連結、（７）排水層への砕石の投入、（８）笠コンクリートの打設、の工程によって行われる。
A reinforced earth wall is a structure that includes an embankment, a plurality of wall materials in front of the embankment, a drainage layer interposed between the wall material and the embankment, and a connector that connects the wall material to the embankment. By laying a reinforcing material in the embankment layer, it is possible to construct a vertical wall surface or a wall surface close thereto.
The reinforced soil wall may suffer damage such as cracks or chipped corners on the wall material due to vehicle collision or deformation caused by an earthquake.
Non-Patent Document 1 (Adem Wall Association HP “Repair procedure [removal] [reinstallation]”) discloses a repair method for a reinforced soil wall. According to this, the repair work of the reinforced soil wall includes (1) removal of the cap concrete, (2) removal of the crushed stone of the drainage layer, (3) cutting of the connecting tool extending from the back of the wall material to the embankment, ) Removing damaged wall material, (5) Installation of new wall material for replacement, (6) Connection of new wall material and connecting tool, (7) Inserting crushed stone into drainage layer, (8) Placing concrete The installation process is performed.
従来技術には、次のような課題がある。
＜１＞１枚の壁面材を交換するために、上方に位置する全ての壁面材や、排水層の砕石、天端の笠コンクリートなどを撤去しなければならない。
特に補強土壁において、上段の壁面材は下段の壁面材と１／２ずつずらして配置されているため、下方の１枚の壁面材を取り出すためには上段の２枚の壁面材を撤去する必要がある。このため、例えば天端から４段下の壁面材１枚を取り出すためには、この壁面材を含めて１０枚の壁面材を撤去する必要がある。
このように、撤去が必要な壁面材は、上方へ行くほど扇状に広がるため、施工効率が悪く不経済である。
＜２＞補強土壁を壁面材の破損部分まで崩してから構築し直すため、補強土壁の一体性を損なうおそれがある。
＜３＞壁面材や排水層の搬送を伴うため、クレーンなどの大型の重機が必要である。このため、施工コストが高い。
The related art has the following problems.
<1> In order to replace one wall material, all wall materials located above, crushed stones in the drainage layer, cap concrete at the top, etc. must be removed.
In particular, in the reinforced soil wall, the upper wall material is arranged so as to be offset by 1/2 from the lower wall material, so to remove one lower wall material, remove the upper two wall materials. There is a need. For this reason, for example, in order to take out one wall material 4 steps down from the top, it is necessary to remove 10 wall materials including this wall material.
In this way, the wall material that needs to be removed spreads in a fan-like shape as it goes upward, so that the construction efficiency is poor and it is uneconomical.
<2> Since the reinforced soil wall is broken down to the damaged part of the wall material and then rebuilt, the integrity of the reinforced soil wall may be impaired.
<3> Large-scale heavy equipment such as a crane is required because wall materials and drainage layers are transported. Therefore, the construction cost is high.
以上の課題を解決する、本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法は、パネル部とパネル部の背面から突出した突出部とを備えた複数の壁面材と、複数の壁面材の背面側に位置する盛土体と、壁面材と盛土体の間に介在する排水層と、壁面材を盛土体に連結するための連結具と、を備える補強土壁の部分補修方法であって、破損した壁面材のパネル部に排水層に至る注入孔を削孔する、削孔工程と、注入孔から排水層内に固化剤を注入して排水層を部分的に固化させる、注入工程と、破損した壁面材のパネル部の一部または全部を切除して打設空間を形成する、切削工程と、打設空間内に鉄筋を配筋する、配筋工程と、打設空間内にコンクリートを打設する、打設工程と、を備えることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the method for partially repairing a reinforced soil wall of the present invention is a plurality of wall materials provided with a panel portion and a protrusion protruding from the back surface of the panel portion, and is located on the back side of the plurality of wall materials A method for partially repairing a reinforced earth wall, comprising: a fill body to be filled, a drainage layer interposed between the wall material and the fill body, and a connecting tool for connecting the wall material to the fill body, wherein the damaged wall material The drilling process for drilling the injection hole reaching the drainage layer in the panel part, the injection process for injecting the solidifying agent into the drainage layer from the injection hole to partially solidify the drainage layer, and the damaged wall material Cutting part or all of the panel part of to form a casting space, cutting step, reinforcing bars in the casting space, reinforcing step, and placing concrete in the casting space, And a setting step.
本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法は、切削工程より前に、破損した壁面材の上部に位置する複数の壁面材を相互に仮連結する、連結工程を有してもよい。 The method for partially repairing a reinforced soil wall according to the present invention may have a connecting step of temporarily connecting a plurality of wall materials located above the damaged wall material to each other before the cutting step.
本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法は、配筋工程が、破損した壁面材の突出部に差し筋を接続する工程を有してもよい。 In the method for partially repairing a reinforced soil wall of the present invention, the reinforcing bar step may include a step of connecting a reinforcing bar to the projecting portion of the damaged wall material.
本発明は以上の構成より、次の効果のうち少なくとも一つを備える。
＜１＞破損した壁面材のパネル部のみを部分的に補修でき、他の壁面材や、排水層、笠コンクリートなどを撤去する必要がない。よって施工効率が非常に高く、経済的である。
＜２＞破損したパネル部以外の部分に施工を施さないため、補強土壁の一体性に影響を与えない。
＜３＞クレーンなどの大掛かりな重機が不要なので施工コストが安い。
The present invention has at least one of the following effects due to the above configuration.
<1> Only the panel part of the damaged wall material can be partially repaired, and it is not necessary to remove other wall materials, drainage layers, shade concrete, etc. Therefore, the construction efficiency is very high and it is economical.
<2> Since no work is applied to parts other than the damaged panel part, the integrity of the reinforced soil wall is not affected.
<3> Construction costs are low because large heavy machinery such as cranes is not required.
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the method for partially repairing a reinforced soil wall of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[補強土壁の部分補修方法]
＜１＞全体の構成。
本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法は、補強土壁１において、全体の補強構造に影響を与えることなく、破損した壁面材１０のみを部分的に補修する方法である。
本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法は、削孔工程と、注入工程と、切削工程と、配筋工程と、打設工程と、を少なくとも備える。
[Partial repair method for reinforced soil wall]
<1> Overall configuration.
The method for partially repairing the reinforced soil wall of the present invention is a method for partially repairing only the damaged wall material 10 in the reinforced soil wall 1 without affecting the overall reinforced structure.
The method for partially repairing a reinforced soil wall of the present invention includes at least a hole making step, an injecting step, a cutting step, a reinforcing bar step, and a placing step.
＜１．１＞補強土壁の構造（図１）。
本発明に係る補強土壁１は、複数の壁面材１０と、その背面側に位置する盛土体２０と、壁面材１０と盛土体２０の間に介在する排水層３０と、壁面材１０を盛土体２０に連結する連結具４０と、を備える。
壁面材１０は、板状のパネル部１１と、パネル部１１の背面から後方へ突出した突出部１２と、を備える。突出部１２には、連結具４０を挿通するための挿通孔を有する。
盛土体２０は、盛土材（土砂）を積層してなる複数の盛土層２１と、盛土層２１間に埋設されるシート状の補強材２２と、を備える。
排水層３０は、排水機能と緩衝機能を備える層である。排水層３０は、壁面材１０と盛土体２０の間に単粒度砕石などを充填してなる。
連結具４０は、壁面材１０の落下を防止するとともに盛土体２０の安定性を補うベルト状の部材である。連結具４０は、突出部１２の挿通孔内に挿通して折り返され、両端が盛土層２１の層内に固定される。
<1.1> Structure of reinforced soil wall (Fig. 1).
The reinforced soil wall 1 according to the present invention includes a plurality of wall materials 10, an embankment body 20 located on the back side thereof, a drainage layer 30 interposed between the wall material 10 and the embankment body 20, and an embankment material of the wall material 10. And a connector 40 that is connected to the body 20.
The wall material 10 includes a plate-shaped panel portion 11 and a protrusion 12 that protrudes rearward from the back surface of the panel portion 11. The protrusion 12 has an insertion hole for inserting the connector 40.
The embankment body 20 includes a plurality of embankment layers 21 formed by stacking embankment materials (earth and sand), and a sheet-shaped reinforcing material 22 embedded between the embankment layers 21.
The drainage layer 30 is a layer having a drainage function and a buffer function. The drainage layer 30 is formed by filling single-grain crushed stone or the like between the wall material 10 and the embankment body 20.
The connector 40 is a belt-shaped member that prevents the wall material 10 from falling and supplements the stability of the embankment 20. The coupling tool 40 is inserted into the insertion hole of the protrusion 12 and folded back, and both ends are fixed in the layer of the embankment layer 21.
＜２＞削孔工程（図２）。
削孔工程は、破損した壁面材１０のパネル部１１に注入孔１３を削孔する工程である。
破損した壁面材１０とこれに隣接する壁面材１０とに、固化剤を注入するための注入孔１３を削孔する。
注入孔１３の削孔にはハンマードリルなどを用いて、パネル部１１の背面の排水層３０まで到達させる。
注入孔１３は同一の間隔で設けるのが望ましいが、突出部１２の前面への削孔は避ける。
また、目地から固化剤が噴出することを防ぐため、破損した壁面材１０とこれに隣接する壁面材１０の目地を、ガムテープなどでシーリングしておく。
<2> Drilling step (FIG. 2).
The drilling step is a step of drilling the injection hole 13 in the panel portion 11 of the damaged wall material 10.
An injection hole 13 for injecting the solidifying agent is drilled in the damaged wall material 10 and the wall material 10 adjacent thereto.
A hammer drill or the like is used to drill the injection hole 13 to reach the drainage layer 30 on the back surface of the panel portion 11.
It is desirable that the injection holes 13 be provided at the same intervals, but avoid drilling the front surface of the protrusion 12.
Further, in order to prevent the solidifying agent from jetting from the joints, the joints of the damaged wall material 10 and the wall material 10 adjacent to the damaged wall material 10 are sealed with gum tape or the like.
＜３＞注入工程。
注入工程は、注入孔１３から排水層３０内に固化剤を注入して排水層３０を部分的に固化させる工程である。
壁面材１０に設けた注入孔１３から背面の排水層３０内に固化剤を注入して、排水層３０の砕石を固化させる。
固化剤には例えば発泡ウレタンなどを採用することができる。
壁面材１０の背面には、排水層３０として砕石が充填されている。このため、パネル部１１を切削して排水層３０が露出すると、排水層３０の砕石が流出してくるおそれがある。
よって、後述する切削工程に先立って、本工程によって排水層３０を固化して固結部を形成しておく必要がある。固結部は、排水層３０内の砕石の抜け落ちを防ぐため、破損した壁面材１０の背面より外側、すなわち隣接する壁面材１０の背面に及ぶように形成する。
<3> Injection step.
The injection step is a step of injecting a solidifying agent into the drainage layer 30 through the injection hole 13 to partially solidify the drainage layer 30.
A solidifying agent is injected into the drainage layer 30 on the back surface through the injection hole 13 provided in the wall surface material 10 to solidify the crushed stone of the drainage layer 30.
As the solidifying agent, for example, urethane foam can be adopted.
The back surface of the wall material 10 is filled with crushed stone as a drainage layer 30. Therefore, when the panel portion 11 is cut and the drainage layer 30 is exposed, crushed stones of the drainage layer 30 may flow out.
Therefore, it is necessary to solidify the drainage layer 30 and form the solidified portion in this step before the cutting step described later. In order to prevent the crushed stones in the drainage layer 30 from falling off, the solidified portion is formed to extend outside the back surface of the damaged wall material 10, that is, the back surface of the adjacent wall material 10.
＜４＞切削工程（図３）。
切削工程は、破損した壁面材１０のパネル部１１を切除して打設空間１４を形成する工程である。
破損した壁面材１０のパネル部１１に、コンクリートカッターで切り込みを加え、切り込み内に電動ハンマーの刃先を入れるなどして、パネル部１１をはつる。
この際、パネル部１１のみを切削して突出部１２は排水層３０内に残す。
また、排水層３０内の固化した砕石を突出部１２のはつり面と同一面上まで切削する。
こうして、隣接する壁面材１０と排水層３０とによって画定された、面状の打設空間１４が形成される。
これによって、パネル部１１に覆われていた排水層３０が外部に露出するが、予め固化剤によって固められているため、砕石が流出してくることはない。
なお、パネル部１１は必ずしもすべて切削する必要はなく、破損していない部分を残して一部のみを切削してもよい。
<4> Cutting process (FIG. 3).
The cutting step is a step of cutting off the panel portion 11 of the damaged wall material 10 to form the placing space 14.
The panel portion 11 of the damaged wall member 10 is hung by making a notch with a concrete cutter and inserting a blade of an electric hammer into the notch.
At this time, only the panel portion 11 is cut and the protruding portion 12 is left in the drainage layer 30.
Further, the solidified crushed stone in the drainage layer 30 is cut to the same plane as the projection surface of the protrusion 12.
In this way, the planar placing space 14 defined by the wall material 10 and the drainage layer 30 which are adjacent to each other is formed.
As a result, the drainage layer 30 covered by the panel portion 11 is exposed to the outside, but since it has been hardened in advance by the solidifying agent, crushed stone does not flow out.
It is not always necessary to cut all of the panel portion 11, and only a portion may be cut while leaving the portion not damaged.
＜５＞配筋工程（図４）。
配筋工程は、打設空間１４内に鉄筋６０を配筋する工程である。
突出部１２の切断面に拡張アンカーを打ち込み、Ｌ字形状の差し筋６１を固定する。
鉄筋６０を所定のピッチで組み立て、差し筋６１と連結する。
<5> Bar arrangement process (FIG. 4).
The reinforcing bar arrangement step is a step of arranging the reinforcing bars 60 in the placing space 14.
An expansion anchor is driven into the cut surface of the protrusion 12 to fix the L-shaped bar 61.
The reinforcing bars 60 are assembled at a predetermined pitch and connected to the reinforcing bars 61.
＜６＞打設工程（図５）。
打設工程は、打設空間１４内にコンクリートを打設する工程である。
合板の型枠７０で、打設空間１４の開口を被覆し、角材や単管パイプで固定する。
型枠７０の上部にはコンクリートの投入口を設ける。
公知の方法で打設空間１４内にコンクリートを打設して硬化させ、新しいパネル部１１を、既存の突出部１２と一体に形成する。
その後、コンクリート投入口の凸部を削り取るなどの後処理を行い、補強土壁の部分補修が完了する。
本発明の補強土壁の部分補修方法は、補強土壁１の構造全体に影響を与えず、破損した壁面材１０のみを部分的に補修できるため、施工効率が非常に高く経済的である。
<6> Placing process (FIG. 5).
The placing step is a step of placing concrete in the placing space 14.
The opening 70 of the casting space 14 is covered with a plywood frame 70 and fixed with a square bar or a single pipe.
An inlet for concrete is provided on the top of the form 70.
Concrete is poured into the casting space 14 by a known method and hardened to form the new panel portion 11 integrally with the existing protrusion 12.
After that, post-treatment such as scraping off the convex part of the concrete input port is completed, and the partial repair of the reinforced soil wall is completed.
The method for partially repairing the reinforced soil wall of the present invention does not affect the entire structure of the reinforced soil wall 1 and can partially repair only the damaged wall material 10, so that the construction efficiency is very high and economical.
[壁面材同士を固定具で仮固定する例]（図６）
引き続き、固定具５０を用いて壁面材１０同士を仮固定する実施例について説明する。
本例では、切削工程に先立ち、破損した壁面材１０‘の上部に位置する２つの壁面材１０Ａ、１０Ｂを互いに仮固定するとともに、反対側の壁面材１０ａ、１０ｂとも仮固定する。
固定具５０は、両端にボルト孔を設けたプレート上の部材を採用する。
まず破損した壁面材１０‘の上部の各壁面材１０の隣接する端部付近にアンカー孔を穿孔して、拡張アンカーを打ち込む。
続いて、拡張アンカーに固定具５０をボルト締結して、隣接する壁面材１０間同士を相互に仮固定する。
これによって、後続する工程において各壁面材１０を安定化してより安全に施工することができる。
補強土壁の部分補修に係る全ての工程が終了したら、固定具５０を取り外し、固定用の拡張アンカーは無収縮モルタルで埋める。
[Example of temporarily fixing wall materials with a fixture] (Fig. 6)
Next, an example in which the wall members 10 are temporarily fixed to each other using the fixture 50 will be described.
In this example, prior to the cutting step, the two wall materials 10A and 10B located above the damaged wall material 10' are temporarily fixed to each other, and the opposite wall materials 10a and 10b are also temporarily fixed.
The fixture 50 employs a member on a plate having bolt holes at both ends.
First, an anchor hole is drilled in the vicinity of the adjacent end of each wall member 10 on the upper part of the damaged wall member 10', and an expansion anchor is driven.
Then, the fixture 50 is bolted to the expansion anchor to temporarily fix the adjacent wall members 10 to each other.
As a result, each wall material 10 can be stabilized in a subsequent process and can be installed more safely.
When all the steps related to the partial repair of the reinforced soil wall are completed, the fixture 50 is removed, and the expansion anchor for fixation is filled with non-shrink mortar.
１ 補強土壁
１０ 壁面材
１１ パネル部
１２ 突出部
１３ 注入孔
１４ 打設空間
２０ 盛土体
２１ 盛土層
２２ 補強材
３０ 排水層
４０ 連結具
５０ 固定具
６０ 鉄筋
６１ 差し筋
７０ 型枠
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reinforced earth wall 10 Wall material 11 Panel part 12 Projection part 13 Injection hole 14 Placing space 20 Embankment body 21 Embankment layer 22 Reinforcement material 30 Drainage layer 40 Connecting tool 50 Fixing tool 60 Reinforcing bar 61 Reinforcing bar 70 Formwork
Claims (3)
破損した前記壁面材のパネル部に前記排水層に至る注入孔を削孔する、削孔工程と、
前記注入孔から前記排水層内に固化剤を注入して前記排水層を部分的に固化させる、注入工程と、
破損した前記壁面材のパネル部の一部または全部を切除して打設空間を形成する、切削工程と、
前記打設空間内に鉄筋を配筋する、配筋工程と、
前記打設空間内にコンクリートを打設する、打設工程と、を備え、
前記切削工程より前に、破損した前記壁面材の上部に位置する複数の壁面材を相互に仮連結する、連結工程を有することを特徴とする、
補強土壁の部分補修方法。 A plurality of wall materials provided with a panel portion and a protrusion protruding from the back surface of the panel portion, an embankment located on the back side of the plurality of wall materials, and interposed between the wall material and the embankment body. A method for partially repairing a reinforced earth wall, comprising a drainage layer and a connecting tool for connecting the wall material to the embankment,
A drilling step of drilling an injection hole reaching the drainage layer on the panel portion of the damaged wall material;
An injection step of injecting a solidifying agent into the drainage layer from the injection hole to partially solidify the drainage layer;
A cutting step of cutting out a part or all of the panel portion of the damaged wall material to form a casting space;
Arranging reinforcing bars in the casting space, a reinforcing step,
Placing concrete in the placing space, a placing step ,
Wherein prior to the cutting step, temporarily connecting a plurality of wall members located above the damaged the wall member to each other, and wherein the Rukoto which having a coupling step,
Partial repair method for reinforced soil wall.
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| JPS62206169A (en) * | 1986-03-03 | 1987-09-10 | 岡 正孝 | Construction method for connecting new and old concretes by together using adhesion due to emulsion adhesive and reinforcing iron rod |
| JPH10168902A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-23 | Mitsui Home Co Ltd | Method and structure of reinforcing building foundation |
| WO2004053239A1 (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Jeung Su Lee | Block for constructing retaining wall, prefabricated reinforced retaining wall constructed using the block and construction method of the prefabricated reinforced retaining wall |
| FR2861107B1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2006-02-17 | Spie Batignolles | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REPLACING A FACING ELEMENT IN A REINFORCED GROUND WORK |
| JP4097212B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2008-06-11 | 前田工繊株式会社 | Method for constructing reinforced soil retaining wall and structure of reinforced soil retaining wall |
| JP2006063595A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-09 | Geo System Co Ltd | Earth reinforcing structure |
| JP5378137B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 住友不動産株式会社 | Reinforcement structure for existing fabric foundation and foundation |
| JP5272276B2 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-08-28 | 高吉 舛田 | Degraded tile removal method and degraded tile peeling tool used for degraded tile removal method |
| JP2013092010A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-16 | Hirose & Co Ltd | Repair method for reinforced soil wall |
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