JP6714327B2 - Double screen rotary crusher - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary crusher for cutting municipal waste such as paper and plastic, industrial waste, etc. into small pieces, and more particularly to a double-screen rotary crusher having a large throughput per unit time.

In particular, recently, the use of biomass has become an urgent task, and examples of biomass-based wastes include office waste paper, construction-generated wood, and lumber from sawmills. There are straw and rice husks, sugarcane, corn, and forestry waste materials, and the field as a crusher for crushing biomass-based crushed materials that requires large amounts of these treatments is expanding.

The applicant of the present application has already provided, as a device corresponding to such a crusher, an engaging portion provided on a screen by an engaging/disengaging mechanism in the crusher body as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-202365 (Patent Document 1). It can be engaged with and disengaged from the engaged part, and the guide part can take out or guide the screen through the take-out opening part, so that the cleaning work, replacement work and maintenance work of the screen can be performed efficiently, and the crushing work Discloses a crusher capable of increasing efficiency.

In Patent Document 1, a crushing chamber portion is provided in the crushing machine body, a crushing rotor capable of crushing an object to be crushed is provided in the crushing machine portion, and the crushing machine body is provided along a lower outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor. A screen is provided, the take-out portion of the screen is provided in the crusher body, and the screen is provided with an engagement/disengagement portion that can be engaged/disengaged with an engaging portion provided in the crusher body. A mounting portion that can be attached to the crushing machine body, a guide portion that can guide the disengagement portion to the crushing machine body, and the crushing machine body that disengages the engaging and disengaging portion provided on the screen. There is disclosed a crusher in which an engaging/disengaging mechanism for engaging/disengaging the engaging portion arranged in the above is provided.

The crusher disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a sufficiently high treatment capacity for treating waste, but in order to achieve a higher treatment capacity, the present invention uses one measure as a countermeasure. It is intended to provide a rotary crusher having a double screen to increase the discharge area of crushed materials and increase the throughput per unit time.

On the other hand, the invention of the double screen construction itself has already been disclosed in JP-A-2005-230771 (Patent Document 2), JP-A-2006-175328 (Patent Document 3), and JP-A-2009-136741 ( It is known in Patent Document 4) and the like. However, from the viewpoint of improving the processing capacity of the crushed material, these crushers also require a great improvement.

In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-230771), a rotor, at least one rotary blade attached to the peripheral surface of the rotor, and a resin that is crushed by shearing of the rotary blade are attached. A crusher having at least one fixed blade and a pair of openable and closable screens attached to the outer circumference of the rotor for receiving crushed material is disclosed.

In Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-175328), a plurality of crushing blades are replaceably mounted on the outer peripheral surface inside a casing provided with a crushing chamber to which a material to be crushed is supplied. A crushing rotor that is rotated and a fixed blade that is arranged to face the crushing rotor are provided, and a pair of screens having a large number of holes for passing the crushed crushed materials are provided on the side opposite to the crushing chamber. A crusher is disclosed that is spaced outside the.

In Patent Document 4 (JP 2009-136741A), a casing having front and rear fixed walls and left and right opening and closing walls, a rotary shaft supported between the front and rear fixed walls, and a thin blade provided on the rotary shaft are disclosed. And a rough blade, and a crusher for forming fixed thin blades and a falling passage therebelow on the left and right opening/closing walls, and a fixed rough blade and a rough blade guide for carrying the coarsely pulverized material to the charging port side. Is disclosed, the left and right opening/closing walls are rotatably and commonly supported by a single opening/closing shaft provided on the front and rear fixed walls.

JP, 2004-202365, A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-230771 JP, 2006-175328, A JP, 2009-136741, A

The conventional rotary crusher is suitable as a crusher for industrial waste and a crusher for biomass, but it is still insufficient from the viewpoint of processing capacity. Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to further increase the throughput of the crusher per unit time. In order to increase the processing capacity of the crusher, it is necessary to configure the supply capacity, crushing capacity, and discharge capacity in a well-balanced manner.

For example, it is possible to improve the discharge performance by designing a large opening area of the screen, but on the other hand, there is a problem that the input area of the crushed material on the supply side is narrowed and the supply capacity is reduced. .. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the decrease in supply capacity by providing additional functions for forced supply such as pushers and screw conveyors, but in the case of forced supply exceeding the discharge capacity, the crushed material in the crusher It may also cause clogging and reduce the crushing efficiency.

In addition to these, there are many problems to be solved in order to increase the processing capacity of the crusher. For example:
(Solving problem 1) Increasing the discharge amount of the crushed crushed object from the screen (Solving problem 2) Increasing the supply amount of the crushed object to the crusher by the compulsory supply means (Solution problem 3) Inside the crusher Increase the volume of crushable objects that can stay (Solution Issue 4) Improve the fluidity of crushable objects that flow in the crushing chamber (Solution Issue 5) Reliably shred the crushed objects with the rotary crushing blade and fixed blade

It is natural that these problems have their own respective effects by being solved individually, but they affect each other, and as a result, a large amount of processing can be improved. Further, by appropriately applying the means for solving all of these problems, it is possible to achieve a crusher that achieves the maximum effect as a whole. These have been proved as a result of trial and error by the inventor.

In addition to these, the present invention is intended to solve the following problems.
(Solving problem 6) Simplification of screen replacement mechanism (Solving problem 7) Improvement of ease of maintenance such as cleaning and replacement of the screen

The double-screen rotary crusher of the present invention has a crushing rotor provided with a plurality of rotary crushing blades in a crushing chamber formed by a crusher casing, and a plurality of fixed blades along the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor. A rotary crusher having a screen, wherein the screen is composed of a pair of screen elements that can be opened and closed by being supported by one left and right pivotal shafts attached to the crusher housing. , The fixed blades are arranged between the beginning and the end of the screen constituted by the pair of screen elements and between the pair of screen elements, and the crushing rotor is rotated by an electric motor around the crushing rotor rotation shaft to generate M (however, , M is at least two), and N groups (however, N is at least two) of crushing rotor units having fixed rotary crushing blade elements are arranged side by side. The rotating crushing blade element of the rotor unit is configured to be fixed to the crushing rotor rotation shaft by transitioning so as to twist in a screw shape at a predetermined angle in the rotation direction, and the rotating crushing blade element is attached to the crushing rotor rotation shaft. The support blades are fixed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edges of the two support plates fixed at a distance, and are provided with a negative rake angle β as the fixed blade as a whole. A tip rake face having a rake angle of α is formed, and the rotary crushing blade as a whole is provided with a positive rake angle δ, and the positive rake angle is provided at the tip of the rotary crushing blade. The tip rake face having a positive rake angle γ larger than δ is formed .

Further, the double screen rotary crusher of the present invention is characterized in that the relationship between θ and N and M is as follows, where θ is a predetermined angle for transitioning the rotary crushing blade element in the rotation direction. And
θ=360/(N×M)

Further, the double-screen rotary crusher of the present invention is characterized in that the pair of two screen elements are each configured in the same shape.

Further, in the double-screen rotary crusher of the present invention, the left and right screen elements of the same shape are supported so as to be swingable around each of the left and right pivots provided on the crusher housing side and can be removed. It is characterized by being configured.

Furthermore, in the double screen rotary crusher of the present invention, a small-diameter cutout concave portion is formed between the rotary crushing blade elements adjacent in the rotation direction on the outer peripheral edge of the support plate constituting the group of crushing rotor units. Is characterized by.

Furthermore, the double-screen rotary crusher of the present invention is characterized in that a pusher or a screw conveyor is provided as a means for forcibly supplying the crushed material.

Further, the scan clew conveyor as a forced feeding means of the crushed double screen rotary crusher of the present invention is characterized by being arranged in a plurality of rows parallel.

The present invention achieves the effects of the invention by solving the above-mentioned problem to be solved. First, in order to solve the problem 1 "to increase the discharge amount of the crushed crushed material from the screen", the discharge area is increased by increasing the discharge area of the shredded crushed material by about 30 degrees to the left and right to improve the discharge performance. Therefore, it is possible to improve the crushing processing ability.

In order to solve the problem 2 "to increase the supply amount of the crushable object to the crusher by the compulsory supplying means", the compulsory supplying means improves the insufficient capacity of the supply side of the crushable object W. By using the screw conveyor as the screw conveyor, the material to be crushed can be continuously supplied to increase the supply amount per unit time.

In order to solve the problem 3 "to increase the capacity of the crushable object that can stay in the crusher", the present invention provides rotary crushing in the vicinity of the outer peripheral ends of a plurality of support plates fixed to a rotating shaft arranged in the crushing chamber. By configuring the crushing rotor with the blade fixed, it is possible to maintain a large porosity in the crushing chamber, increase the volume of the crushed object that remains in the crushing chamber, and increase the crushing amount.

The present invention was able to improve the crushing efficiency by increasing the fluidity of the crushable object in the crushing chamber for the purpose of “solvability improvement of the crushable object flowing in the crushing chamber” in Solution Problem 4. .. Furthermore, by forming a small-diameter cutout concave portion between the rotary crushing blades that are adjacent to each other in the direction of rotation on each outer peripheral edge of the two supporting plates that constitute the group of rotary crushing blades, a further crushing chamber By increasing the fluidity of the material to be crushed, the crushing efficiency could be further improved.

In order to solve the problem 5 of "reliable shredding of the crushed object by the rotary crushing blade and the fixed blade", the rotary crushing blade and the fixed blade are properly arranged, and the meshing state at the time of meshing is achieved. And the tip rake face having a positive rake angle is formed at the tip of each of the fixed blade and the rotary crushing blade, so that the object W to be shredded can be finely shredded. ..

In order to solve the problem 6 "simplification of the screen exchange mechanism", the present invention is pivotally supported around a single shaft provided on the crusher housing side so as to be swingable, and removable, and It contributes to the simplification of the exchange section.

It is a side view of the partial cross section which showed the internal structure of the whole double screen rotary crusher which is an Example of this invention. It is a side view of the partial cross section which shows the internal structure of the double screen rotary crusher of FIG. It is a front view showing a state of arrangement of a rotation mechanism of a screen of a double-screen rotary crusher which is an embodiment of the present invention, and a state of arrangement of a plurality of rows of crew conveyors. (A) thru|or (e) It is a partial cross section figure which showed the procedure which takes out the screen element from the double screen rotary crusher which is an Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the detailed structure of the crushing rotor of the double screen rotary crusher which is an Example of this invention. It is the perspective view which showed the opening/closing drive mechanism of the screen element of the double screen rotary crusher which is an Example of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing which showed the relationship between the fixed blade and rotary crushing blade of the double screen rotary crusher which is an Example of this invention, (b) is explanatory drawing of a rake face and a rake angle. is there.

In the present invention, in order to solve the problem 1 "to increase the discharge amount of the crushed crushed object from the screen", that is, to increase the crushing processing amount, the crusher screen is set to about 180 degrees of the conventional method. The anti-cylindrical shape is composed of a single cover, and is composed of a pair of screen elements that can be opened and closed by being supported by one left and right pivot attached to the crusher housing. As a result, the discharge area can be increased by increasing the discharge area of shredded crushed material by about 30 degrees to the left and right, thereby improving discharge performance and, as a result, improving the crushing capacity.
Further, in the present invention, fixed blades are arranged at the start and end of the screen composed of a pair of screen elements and at three positions between the pair of screen elements.

Further, in the present invention, in order to solve the problem 2 “to increase the supply amount of the crushed object to the crusher by the compulsory supply means”, the object to be treated is forced into the crusher according to the problem. It is necessary to provide a supply means, and a pusher or a screw conveyor is provided to improve the capacity shortage on the supply side. Further, by using a screw conveyor, the crushed material can be continuously supplied and the supply amount per unit time can be increased as compared with the reciprocating pusher.

Further, in the present invention, in order to solve the problem 3 "to increase the capacity of the crushable object that can stay in the crusher", the convective volume of the crushable object in the crushing chamber is increased. Therefore, instead of implanting a rotary crushing blade on the outer peripheral portion of a conventional solid shaft or hollow rotor, a plurality of supports fixed to a rotary shaft which is rotated by an electric motor and arranged in the crushing chamber. By the crushing rotor with the rotary crushing blade fixed near the outer peripheral edge of the board, many voids were formed in the crushing chamber to increase the volume of the crushed material retained in the crushing chamber.

Further, in the present invention, in order to solve the problem 4 "to improve the fluidity of the crushed object flowing in the crushing chamber", the rotary crushing blade of the crushing rotor is composed of a plurality of rotary crushing blade elements in the rotation axis direction, The rotary crushing blade element is fixed by two supporting plates separated by a predetermined distance, the rotary crushing blade unit is configured as one group, and the rotary crushing blade unit group is twisted by a predetermined angle in the rotation direction. Then, multiple groups were installed side by side to form one rotary crushing blade. By rotating the crushing rotor having such a configuration, one rotary crushing blade unit scrapes the object to be crushed in both directions of the rotation axis in the crushing chamber, causing a flow of the crushable object in the crushing chamber, and crushing. Improves the fluidity of crushed objects indoors.
The rotary crushing blade of the crushing rotor is composed of a plurality of M rotary crushing blade elements in the rotation axis direction, and the rotary crushing blade element is fixed by two supporting plates separated by a predetermined distance to form a group of rotary crushing blades. As a unit, a rotary crushing blade unit of N groups is configured, and the rotary crushing blade unit group is transitioned by a predetermined angle θ in the rotation direction and twisted in a screw shape to form a plurality of groups to form one rotary crushing blade.

Further, in the present invention, a small-diameter cutout concave portion is formed between the rotary crushing blades adjacent in the rotation direction on each outer peripheral edge of the two supporting plates constituting the group of rotary crushing blades, and the object to be crushed. By facilitating the axial flow in the crusher, the fluidity of the material to be crushed in the crushing chamber is further improved.

Further, in the present invention, in order to solve the problem 5 of "reliable shredding of the crushed object by the rotary crushing blade and the fixed blade", the rotary crushing blade and the fixed blade are properly arranged, and at the time of meshing. The meshing condition of is improved. In addition, a proper clearance between the rotary crushing blade and the screen is set to optimize the relationship with the screen hole diameter.
A tip rake surface having a positive rake angle is formed at the tip of each of the fixed blade and the rotary crushing blade of the present invention.

Further, in the present invention, in order to solve the problem 6 "simplification of the screen exchange mechanism", two screens are divided into left and right to be an opening type, and maintenance work is performed at the time of cleaning the inside or replacing the rotary crushing blade. Workability is improved. By making the two left and right screen elements have the same shape, the parts can be made common, which also contributes to simplification of the screen element replacement.

Further, in the present invention, in order to solve the problem 7 "improving the easiness of maintenance such as cleaning and replacement of the screen", two left and right screens having the same shape are provided on the crusher casing side. Is pivotably supported about the axis of the and is configured to be removable and the removed screen is not provided with the axis.

1 to 6 show a double screen rotary crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the specification of the application, “left and right” is a relative expression indicating left and right in the state of FIG. 1, and is not a term indicating an absolute positional relationship.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 denotes an entire double screen rotary crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the crusher housing 10 defines a crushing chamber 30. Above the crushing chamber 30, there is formed a hopper-like crushed material charging section 40 for charging the crushed material W. The crushed object input unit 40 is configured to be openable and closable around the rotary shaft 41 with respect to the crusher casing 10, and the crushed object input unit 40 is splashed during maintenance in the crushing chamber 30. Raise and open the crushing chamber 30 (FIG. 2). In this case, a special opening/closing mechanism may be provided, or the opening/closing operation may be achieved without using the special opening/closing mechanism by using an overhead crane or the like installed in a factory or the like.

A rotating shaft 55 is rotatably provided in the crushing chamber 30, and M rotating crushing blade elements 52 for crushing the object W to be crushed are fixed to the rotating shaft 55. The interior of the crushing rotor 50 composed of... Is rotated by an electric motor (not shown) that rotates the rotating shaft 55. In the embodiment specified in the present specification, the rotary crushing blade elements 52..., 4 sets and the crushing rotor units 51..., 3 sets, but the rotary crushing blade elements 52,. Two or more rotor units 51 can be appropriately selected depending on the throughput of the crusher.

The set of rotary crushing blade elements 52 is preferably composed of a plurality of rotary crushing blades 54... However, of course, it is also possible to configure by one rotary crushing blade. In the embodiments of the present specification, three rotary crushing blades 54 are explicitly shown. In the crusher casing 10, a plurality of fixed blades 53... Are arranged along the outer circumference of the rotation locus of the crushing rotor 50. In the embodiment of the present specification, the fixed blades 53 are provided at the start end and the end (both ends of the crushed material input port of the crushing chamber 30) of the screen 60 constituted by the pair of left and right screen elements 61, 61. Further, although it is arranged at three places between the pair of left and right screen elements 61, 61, it is not limited thereto.

A screen 60 composed of two left and right screen elements 61, 61 is arranged along the outer circumference of the rotation locus of the crushing rotor 50. The screen 60 has a large number of through holes 62... Formed in an arc plate 65. As a result, by rotating the crushing rotor 50 in the crushing chamber 30, the object W to be crushed is shredded between the rotating crushing blade element 52 and the fixed blade 54 in the crushing chamber 30, and shredded. The crushed material W is discharged from the crusher through the through hole 62 formed in the screen 60.

The crusher housing 10 is provided with insertion/removal ports 63, 63 on the left and right for inserting and removing the left and right screen elements 61, 61, respectively. In this case, the left and right screen elements 61, 61 have the same size and shape, and each of the screen elements 61, 61 is arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions (crushing) with respect to the arc plate 65 having a large number of through holes 62... It consists of a plurality of parallel reinforcing rim members 66..., 67... Welded in the rotor axial direction and rotation direction), and the bottom shapes of the left and right screen elements 61, 61 are The pair of rails 64, 64 inserted from the take-out port 63, or a not-shown shape that can be placed on the pawls of a forklift is formed. The pair of rails 64, 64 may be configured to be attached to the crusher when necessary, or may be provided in advance. As an example, a configuration is shown in which the device is attached when necessary.

On the crusher casing 10 side, one support shaft 75, 75 for pivotally supporting the left and right screen elements 61, 61 is provided on the left and right respectively. Engagement recesses 71 that can engage with the support shafts 75, 75 are formed in the screen elements 61, 61, respectively. When the screen elements 61, 61 are mounted, the screen elements 61, 61 are mounted. Of the screen elements 61, 61 are crushed when the screen elements 61, 61 are removed. The screen elements 61, 61 can be inserted into and removed from the support shaft 75 by being pulled out from the support shaft 75 on the machine housing 10 side.

As described above, the screen elements 61, 61 have the above-described configuration, and when the screen elements 61, 61 are detached from the support shaft 75 on the crusher housing 10, the screen element 61, 61 does not have a supporting shaft structure portion. Maintenance such as cleaning of the removed screen elements 61, 61 is easy.

When mounted on the support shafts 75, 75, the screen elements 61, 61 are configured to be rotatable with respect to the support shafts 75, 75 by the drive cylinder mechanisms 70, 70 provided respectively. ing. The cylinder mechanism 70 is arranged outside the opening/closing operation area of each screen element 61, 61 (FIG. 3), and the driving force thereof is generated by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 72, and is fixed to the same support shaft 75. It is transmitted to the screen element 61 by the arm member 73 and the driven arm member 74 (FIGS. 3 and 6). In the embodiment, the drive arm member 73 and the driven arm member 74 are formed in an arc shape and are constituted by one drive arm member 73 and two driven arm members 74, 74, but the shape and number of each are It can be appropriately selected. A telescopic drive shaft 76 extending from the cylinder 72 that generates a driving force is swingably attached to one end of the drive arm member 73.

The cylinder mechanism 70 and the drive arm member 73 are provided outside the opening/closing area of the screen element 61 so as not to interfere with the opening/closing swing motion of the screen element 61. The base end portions of the drive arm member 73 and the driven arm member 74 are fixed to the support shaft 75, and the engagement/disengagement portion 77 is attached to the tip end portion of the driven arm member 74. The engagement/disengagement portion 77 of the driven arm member 74 is configured to be engageable/disengageable with the cylindrical engagement portion 78 mounted at an appropriate position on the outer periphery of the screen element 61 by operating the cylinder 72.

The crushable object input unit 40, which is configured to be openable and closable around the rotary shaft 41 with respect to the crusher casing 10, has the crushable object W of the crushed object W placed on the opposite surface of the input port 42 of the crushable object W. Screws 80... As forced supply means are provided in parallel with four rows (FIG. 3). Of course, in the present embodiment, the screws 80... Are provided in parallel with four rows, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and a plurality of rows may be provided as appropriate. In any case, it suffices to achieve the purpose of supplying the object W to be crushed over the entire axial direction of the crushing rotor 50. In the embodiment, the screw 80 is formed by a ribbon 81 wound in a spiral shape and has no central axis. As a result, the center axis does not become an obstacle when supplying the crushed object W. Further, the screws 80 arranged in parallel in four columns are synchronously rotated by the motor 82. Power transmission from the motor 82 to the screw 80 is performed by a power transmission belt or an electric chain, which can be performed by applying the conventional technique.

FIG. 5 shows a detailed structure of the crushing rotor 50. The crushing rotor 50 shown in FIG. 5 is taken out of the crushing chamber 30 and shown in a perspective view.
The rotating shaft 55 is rotatably provided in the crushing chamber 30. The crusher drive motor that rotationally drives the rotary shaft 55 is not shown. In the present embodiment, the crushing rotor 50 is composed of three sets of crushing rotor units 51... In the description of the present embodiment, the first crushing rotor unit 51, the second crushing rotor unit 51, and the third crushing rotor unit 51 will be referred to from the left side of FIG. Of course, the configuration of the crushing rotor unit is not limited to three sets, and it is desirable to appropriately configure a plurality of sets of crushing rotor units 51... According to the size of the crusher.

The object to be crushed W includes a rotary crushing blade 54 attached to the outer circumference of the crushing rotor 50, and fixed blades 53 arranged at three locations in the crushing chamber 30 along the outer circumference of the rotation trajectory of the crushing rotor 50. Shred between Each crushing rotor unit 51 has a plurality of sets (4 sets in the embodiment) of rotary crushing blade elements 52... Is provided. The four sets of rotary crushing blade elements 52... Of the present embodiment are supported on the support board 56 by means of bolt fastening means or the like not shown. In this embodiment, the four sets of rotary crushing blade elements 52... Are fixed and supported by the two support plates 56, 56. These two support plates 56, 56 are fixed to the rotary shaft 55 with a space therebetween. That is, the crushing rotor 50 is composed of three sets of crushing rotor units 51, 51, 51, and each crushing rotor unit 51 has four sets of rotary crushing blade elements 52. .. are fixed and supported, and each rotary crushing blade element 52 is composed of three rotary crushing blades 54, 54, 54. As a result, the porosity inside the crushing chamber 30 can be kept large compared to the structure of the conventional crushing rotor, and it becomes possible to increase the retention amount of the crushed object W in the crushing chamber 30.

Since four sets of rotary crushing blade elements 52... Are evenly arranged along the circumference and fixed and supported on the support board 56, the arrangement angle is 90 degrees (360 degrees/4). .. In the three sets of the crushing rotor units 51 having the above-mentioned configuration, the adjacent crushing rotor units 51 are arranged so as to be advanced in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor unit 51 by the same angle. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, they are arranged so as to be twisted like a screw. Thereby, between the adjacent crushing rotor units (that is, between the first crushing rotor unit 51 and the second crushing rotor unit 51, and between the second crushing rotor unit 51 and the third crushing rotor unit 51). The arrangement angle of each rotary crushing blade element 52... of (between) is twisted and arranged in a screw shape by 30 degrees (90 degrees/3).
Of course, in this case, N is not limited to 4 sets, so if there are 5 sets, the arrangement angle is 72 degrees (360 degrees/5) and the screw-like twist angle is 24 degrees ( 72 degrees/3).

As described above, the crushing rotor units 51 are arranged at different angles, and the crushing objects W are fluidized in the crushing chamber 30 by twisting the crushing rotor units 51 side by side and screwing them side by side. .. That is, the crushed object that is rotated, crushed and shredded by the set of rotary crushing blade elements 52 of one crushing rotor unit 51 is pushed out in front of the rotary crushing blade elements 52 of the adjacent crushing rotor units 51. Thereby, the fluidity of the crushed object W in the crushing chamber 30 can be improved.

Further, on the outer peripheral edge of the support board 56, rotary crushing blade elements 52... Are fixed to the maximum diameter portion thereof, and cut-out recesses are formed as small diameter portions before and after the rotary crushing blade elements 52. 57 is formed. As a result, a crushing chamber space portion (no reference numeral) formed by the cutout recess 57 is formed between the rotary crushing blade element 53 and the rotary crushing blade element 53 adjacent thereto. As a result, the porosity in the crushing chamber 30 is further increased, the amount of the crushed object W retained in the crushing chamber 30 can be increased, and the flow of the crushable object W in the crushing chamber 30 can be increased. The property can be further improved, and the processing capacity of the crusher can be improved.

In this way, each of the first crushing rotor unit 51, the second crushing rotor unit 51 and the third crushing rotor unit 51 having the four sets of rotary crushing blade elements 52... By providing the crushing rotor 50 that is twisted and arranged in a screw shape only, the crushed object W crushed by the first crushing rotor unit 51 by the rotation of the crushing rotor 50 is the second crushing rotor unit 51 side. Is also pushed out. At the same time, the crushed object W crushed by the second crushing rotor unit 51 is pushed to the first crushing rotor unit 51 side and the third crushing rotor unit 51 side, and crushed by the third crushing rotor unit 51. The object W to be crushed is pushed out to the second crushing rotor unit 51 side. As a result, a plurality of the crushing rotor units 51 are arranged side by side with a twisting angle and twisted in a screw shape, so that the fluidity of the crushed object W in the crushing chamber 30 is increased. Further, by forming the notch recesses 57 as small-diameter portions on the support plate 56 in the front and rear of the rotation direction of the rotary crushing blade elements 52..., the fluidity of the crushed object W between the crushing rotor units 51 is increased. Can be even higher.

The opening/closing mechanism of the screen 60 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows only one of the pair of screen units 61, 61 constituting the screen 60. In each screen element 61, a large number of through holes 62 are formed in an arc plate 65 which is formed in an arc shape as a whole, and in order to maintain a predetermined strength, a plurality of parallel rim members 66 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. , 67... are welded. Each screen element 61 is detachable from a support shaft 75 fixed to the crusher casing 10, and FIG. 6 shows a state in which the screen element 61 is engaged with the support shaft 75.

The screen element 61 is formed with an engagement recess 71 that is engageable with the support shaft 75, so that when the screen element 61 engages with the support shaft 75, it is fixed to the support shaft 75. It is not pivoted but pivotally supported rotatably. A predetermined number of wheels 79 are provided at both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the screen element 61 to facilitate movement of the screen element 61.

The screen element 61 is provided with a drive cylinder mechanism 70 (not shown in FIG. 6 for easy viewing of the drawing) outside the range of its opening/closing operation, and the drive force of the drive cylinder mechanism 70 supports the support shaft. It is configured to be rotatable with respect to 75. The driving force of the cylinder mechanism 70 is generated by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 72, and is transmitted to the screen element 61 by the drive arm member 73 and the driven arm member 74 fixed to the support shaft 75 via the expansion and contraction drive shaft 76 extending from the cylinder 72. Has been done. The drive arm member 73 and the driven arm member 74 are levers formed in an arc shape, and are fixed to the support shaft 75 by welding or the like. An engagement/disengagement portion 77 is attached to a tip end portion of the driven arm member 74, and the engagement/disengagement portion 77 is detachably engageable with a cylindrical engagement portion 78 attached at an appropriate position of the screen element 61. It is configured.

In the present embodiment, with the above-described configuration, the expansion/contraction force of the drive cylinder mechanism 70 transmits the expansion/contraction force to the expansion/contraction drive shaft 76, and the rotational force of the drive arm member 73 is generated. Is transmitted to the driven arm member 74, and is transmitted to the engaging portion 78 via the engagement/disengagement portion 77 at the tip end portion of the driven arm member 74, and thus transmitted as the opening/closing operation of the screen element 61.

Here, a procedure for taking out the screen element 61 will be described with reference to FIGS. This is a reverse procedure to explain the mounting procedure of the screen element 61.

The crusher housing 10 is provided with insertion/extraction openings 63, 63 for inserting and removing the left and right screen elements 61, 61, respectively. 4(a) to 4(e), a procedure for taking out the left screen element 61 will be described. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the insertion/removal port 63 is opened while the screen element 61 is attached to the crusher. When the screen element 61 is mounted, the engagement recess 71 of the screen element 61 engages with the support shaft 75, and when the screen element 61 is removed, the engagement recess 71 of the screen element 61 is pulled out from the support shaft 75, so that the screen The element 61 is configured to be insertable into and removable from the support shaft 75.

In FIG. 4B, a pair of rails 64, 64 is inserted under the screen element 61 from the insertion/removal port 63. This may be a claw of a forklift, or a rail for guiding when inserting and removing the screen element 61 may be provided in advance in the crusher housing 10.

Here, the cylinder 72 of the drive cylinder mechanism 70 is driven to bring down the screen element 61 to open the crushing chamber 30 (FIG. 4(c)). The bottom shape of the screen element 61 is formed so that it can be mounted on the pair of rails 64, 64 inserted from the insertion/extraction opening 63, and the pair of wheels 79 provided on the bottom surface of the screen element 61, 79 is configured to be movable on the pair of rails 64, 64. In the state of FIG. 4C, the screen element 61 is only rotated around the support shaft 75, and the engagement recess 71 of the screen element 61 is still in the engagement state with the support shaft 75. ..

In FIG. 4D, by pulling the screen element 61 on the pair of rails 64, 64 to the left side in the illustrated direction by an appropriate means such as a forklift, the engaging recess 71 of the screen element 61 and the support shaft 75 Is disengaged and only the screen element 61 is moved to the left.

Further, in FIG. 4(e), by pulling out the screen element 61 to the left in the direction shown, the screen element 61 can be completely removed from the crusher through the insertion/extraction opening 63.

When the screen element 61 is mounted on the crusher, it is possible to carry out the procedure reverse to the above description without further explanation.

With the above configuration, when the screen element 61 is detached from the support shaft 75 on the crusher housing 10 side, there is no supporting shaft forming portion such as a penetrating shaft on the screen element 61 side, and the screen is removed. Maintenance such as cleaning of the elements 61, 61 is easy.

Further, the present invention also makes a novel invention in the configuration of the fixed blade 53 and the rotary crushing blade 54. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7A shows an arrangement state of the fixed blade 53 and the rotary crushing blade 54 in the double screen rotary crushing machine of the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is used in this specification. It is explanatory drawing of the term used as "rake angle" and "rake surface".
In the present specification, the angle of the blade surface in the direction of relative movement to the crushed object of the rotary blade or the fixed blade is referred to as "rake angle", and the blade surface having the "rake angle" is referred to as "rake surface". To call. Regarding the positive and negative of the rake angle, the direction in which the advancing surface of the blade retracts is positive and the direction in which the advancing surface of the blade advances is negative with respect to the relative rotation direction of the fixed blade or the rotary crushing blade.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the fixed blade 53 and the rotary crushing blade 54 are provided with a negative rake angle β as the whole fixed blade 53 as shown in FIG. The blade 54 as a whole is provided with a positive rake angle δ. Further, the fixed blade 53 and the rotary crushing blade 54 form a tip rake surface (fixed blade tip rake surface 58 and rotary crushing blade tip rake surface 59) having positive rake angles (α, γ), respectively. It is arranged.

Tip rake faces 59 are formed on the front and rear surfaces of the fixed blade 53. When the fixed blade is worn, the front and rear surfaces are replaced and attached.

In the double screen rotary crusher of the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the fixed blade 53 and the rotary crushing blade 54 having the above-mentioned configuration, it is possible to efficiently shred the object W to be crushed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is effective for treating industrial waste that is discharged in large quantities and for treating biomass waste that can be recycled.

100... Double-screen rotary crusher 10... Crusher housing 30... Crushing chamber 40... Crushed object input part 41... Rotating shaft 42... Input port 50... Crushing rotor 51... Crushing rotor unit 52... Rotary crushing blade element 53... Fixed blade 54... Rotating crushing blade 55... Rotating shaft 56... Support plate 57... Small diameter notch recess 58... Fixed blade tip rake face 59... Rotary crushing blade tip rake face 60... Screen 61... Screen element 62... Through hole 63... Insertion/extraction opening 64... Rail 65 ... Arc plates 66, 67 ... Rim member 70 ... Drive cylinder mechanism 71 ... Engagement recess 72 ... Cylinder 73 ... Drive arm member 74 ... Followed arm member 75 ... Support shaft 76... Telescopic drive shaft 77... Engagement part 78... Engagement part

Claims (7)

A rotary crushing system in which a crushing rotor equipped with a plurality of rotary crushing blades is arranged in a crushing chamber formed by a crusher casing, and a plurality of fixed blades and a screen are arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor. Machine,
The screen is composed of a pair of screen elements that can be opened and closed by being supported by respective one left and right pivotal shafts attached to the crusher casing,
The fixed blade is arranged between the start end and the end of the screen composed of the pair of screen elements and the pair of screen elements,
The crushing rotor is rotated by an electric motor around a crushing rotor rotating shaft, and N crushing rotor units (where N is at least 2) having M (where M is at least 2) rotary crushing blade elements are fixed. T) are arranged side by side,
The crushing rotor unit of the N group is configured such that the rotary crushing blade elements of the adjacent crushing rotor units are transitioned so as to twist in a screw shape at a predetermined angle in the rotation direction and are fixed to the crushing rotor rotation shaft. ,
The rotary crushing blade element is fixed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of two supporting plates fixed to the crushing rotor rotation shaft at a distance ,
The fixed blade is provided with a negative rake angle β as a whole,
A tip rake face having a positive rake angle α is formed at the tip of the fixed blade,
The rotary crushing blade as a whole is provided with a positive rake angle δ,
A double-screen rotary crusher characterized in that a tip rake face having a positive rake angle γ larger than the positive rake angle δ is formed at the tip of the rotary crushing blade . The double screen rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein, when the predetermined angle is θ, the relationship between θ and the N and M is as follows.
θ=360/(N×M) The double-screen rotary crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pair of two screen elements have the same shape. The left and right screen elements of the same shape are slidably supported around the respective one left and right pivotal shafts provided on the crusher housing side, and are configured to be removable. The double screen rotary crusher described in 3. 5. A notch recess having a small diameter is formed between the rotary crushing blade elements adjacent to each other in the rotational direction on the outer peripheral edge of the supporting plate constituting the group of crushing rotor units. Double screen rotary crusher according to one of the claims. The crusher, as a forced feeding means of the crushed, double screen rotary crusher according to one of claims of claims 1-5, characterized in that a pusher or a screw conveyor. 7. The double screen rotary crusher according to claim 6, wherein the screw conveyors as the forced supply means of the crushed objects of the crusher are arranged in parallel in a plurality of rows.

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