JP2008272829A - Compression molding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compression molding machine capable of sufficiently compressing the object to be compressed. <P>SOLUTION: The compression molding machine 1 for compressing waste is provided with: a cylindrical casing 2 in which a charge port 213 for charging waste to the side of the first cover member 22 is formed, and further, a discharge port 232 for discharging compressed waste is formed at the second cover member 23; and a screw shaft 3 having a tapered part 33 elongating inside the casing 2 and whose diameter is increased from the side of the first cover member 22 toward the side of the second cover member 23 in the casing 2 and having a helical blade 31 helically formed so as to feed waste to the side of the second cover member 23 in the casing 2 at the outer circumferential face. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a compression molding machine for compressing an object to be compressed.

Waste is treated by various methods such as landfilling, incineration, and recycling, but its volume may be compressed and reduced to reduce transportation costs, increase processing volume, and effectively use storage locations. Preferably, various compression molding machines for compressing waste have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a compression molding machine that includes a casing in which a cone portion having a reduced diameter at the tip is installed and a screw shaft that extends in the casing. In this compression molding machine, an object to be compressed is put into a casing, and the object to be compressed is sent to a cone portion while being pulverized by screw blades of a screw shaft. And a to-be-compressed material is compressed with the thrust of a screw shaft in a cone part, and is discharged | emitted as a cylindrical solid substance from the front-end | tip of a nozzle part.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-9560

  However, in the compression molding machine, the compression of the object to be compressed is not sufficient, and a compression molding machine capable of more sufficiently compressing the object to be compressed has been desired.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the compression molding machine which can fully compress a to-be-compressed material.

  A compression molding machine according to the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a compression molding machine for compressing an object to be compressed, which is cylindrical and has a cylindrical shape on one end side. An inlet for charging the compressed material is formed, a casing having an outlet for discharging the compressed object to be compressed formed on the other end side, and the inside of the casing extends in the axial direction. It is rotationally driven, and at least a part thereof is formed in a tapered shape so that its diameter increases from one end side to the other end side of the casing, and an object to be compressed is provided on the other end side of the casing. And a screw shaft having spiral blades formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface.

  By taking such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained. That is, when the object to be compressed is introduced into the casing from the inlet and the screw shaft is driven to rotate, the object to be compressed is casing in the space defined between the casing and the screw shaft by the spiral blade of the screw shaft. Is sent to the other end side. Since the screw shaft is formed in a taper shape such that at least a part thereof has a diameter that increases from one end side to the other end side of the casing, the screw shaft and the casing are formed in the tapered portion. The space defined between and gradually decreases. For this reason, the object to be compressed is gradually compressed by the screw shaft and the casing in the process of being sent to the other end side of the casing. In this manner, the object to be compressed can be more sufficiently compressed by gradually compressing the object to be compressed in the radial direction of the casing. In addition, the to-be-compressed object compressed in this way is discharged | emitted from the casing from the discharge port formed in the other edge part side.

  The compression molding machine can take various configurations. For example, the helical blade of the screw shaft is configured so that the pitch decreases from one end side to the other end side of the casing. Is preferred. With this configuration, the object to be compressed is quickly sent to the other end side of the casing on one end side of the casing, and the object to be compressed is casing on the other end side of the casing. It is possible to increase the force of pressing against the other end portion and compressing in the axial direction.

  Further, the rotary cutter is installed adjacent to the other end of the casing, and further includes a rotary cutter having a rotary shaft coaxially with the screw shaft, and a casing discharge port is formed at the other end of the casing for rotation. It is preferable that the object to be compressed discharged from the discharge port is cut by the rotating cutter. By comprising in this way, the to-be-compressed material compressed and discharged | emitted from the discharge port can be cut | disconnected short to a length direction. Furthermore, by arranging the rotation shaft of the rotary cutter coaxially with the rotation shaft of the screw shaft, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the compression molding machine, thereby preventing a failure of the compression molding machine.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said rotary cutter is installed so that position adjustment is possible in the rotating shaft direction. According to this configuration, by adjusting the position of the rotary cutter, the gap between the rotary cutter and the discharge port can be reduced, and as a result, the object to be compressed discharged from the discharge port can be reliably cut. Become.

  Moreover, it is preferable to further include an urging means for urging the rotary cutter toward the other end of the casing. According to this configuration, the urging means urges the rotary cutter toward the other end of the casing in which the discharge port is formed. Therefore, the gap between the rotary cutter and the discharge port can be reduced, and as a result The object to be compressed discharged from the outlet can be reliably cut.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said discharge port is comprised so that opening and closing is possible. According to this configuration, the discharge port is closed until the object to be compressed is sufficiently compressed in the casing, and the discharge object is discharged from the discharge port by opening the discharge port after the object to be compressed is sufficiently compressed. The compressed product can be surely formed into a pellet.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the discharge port of the said casing is formed in the taper shape so that a diameter may become small toward the discharge direction. By configuring in this way, the cross section of the opening on the discharge direction side of the discharge port has an acute angle. For this reason, the shear force which the discharge direction side opening part of a discharge port and a rotary cutter act with respect to the discharged to-be-compressed object becomes large, and to-be-compressed object can be cut | disconnected more reliably.

  Moreover, it is preferable to install a crusher for crushing the object to be compressed at the inlet of the casing. Thus, by providing the crusher which crushes the to-be-compressed material thrown into a casing previously, it becomes possible to compress a to-be-compressed material more efficiently within a casing.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the compression molding machine which can fully compress a to-be-compressed material can be provided.

  Embodiments of a compression molding machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a compression molding machine according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the compression molding machine, and FIG. 3 is a left side view of a second lid member. In FIG. 2, the crusher is omitted for simplification of description.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the compression molding machine 1 is for compressing waste (a material to be compressed), and includes a cylindrical casing 2 and a screw shaft 3 extending in the axial direction in the casing 2. And a crusher 4 for crushing the waste once and throwing it into the casing 2. A rotating cutter 5 is installed adjacent to the outside of the left side surface of the casing 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the casing 2 includes a cylindrical main body 21 having both ends opened, and the right opening end is closed by a first lid member 22 (one end). In addition, the left open end is closed by the second lid member 23 (the other end). More specifically, the main body portion 21 is formed with flange portions 211 and 212 at both opening ends, and by fastening bolts at the flange portions 211 and 212, the first and second lid members 22, 23 is attached. The main body portion 21 is formed with an inlet 213 for feeding waste crushed by a crusher 4 described later at a position corresponding to a first space S1 described later on the upper right side. The first lid member 22 is formed in a disk shape having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the flange portion 211 of the main body portion 21, and a through hole 221 for allowing the screw shaft 3 to pass through the center portion thereof. Is formed. Similarly, the second lid member 23 is formed in a disk shape having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the flange portion 212 of the main body portion 21, and a shaft support portion 35 of the screw shaft 3 described later at the center portion thereof. A through-hole 231 for penetrating through is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the second lid member 23 is positioned at a position corresponding to a space S3 defined between a main body portion 21 of the casing 2 and a large diameter portion 34 of the screw shaft 3 described later. Two discharge ports 232 are formed at equal intervals on the same circumference. In the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the second lid member 23, a plurality of screw holes 233 for fastening with the flange portion 212 and bolts are formed at equal intervals on the same circumference.

  A screw shaft 3 is installed so as to extend in the casing 2 in the axial direction of the casing 2. The screw shaft 3 is divided into three parts in the casing 2 and spiral blades 31 are formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface thereof. More specifically, the screw shaft 3 includes a cylindrical small-diameter portion 32 in the casing 2, a tapered portion 33 formed in a tapered shape so that the diameter increases from the small-diameter portion 32 toward the left side, and the tapered portion 33. The cylindrical large-diameter portion 34 having the same diameter as the left end of the casing 2 is formed in this order from the right side to the left side of the casing 2. The first space S1 is between the small diameter portion 32 and the casing 2, the second space S2 is between the tapered portion 33 and the casing 2, and the third space S3 is between the large diameter portion 34 and the casing 2. Is defined. Further, the screw shaft 3 has a columnar shaft support portion 35 extending from the large diameter portion 34 to the left side and having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the through hole 231 of the second lid member 23. The cover member 23 extends through the through hole 231 to the outside of the casing 2. Further, the right side of the screw shaft 3 extends from the small diameter portion 31 through the through hole 221 of the first lid member 22 and extends to the outside, and a sprocket 36 is provided at the right end portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, a motor 6 for rotationally driving the screw shaft 3 is installed, and a sprocket 61 attached to the rotating shaft of the motor 6 is attached to the right end portion of the screw shaft 3. A chain (not shown) is hung between the sprocket 36. The spiral blade 31 is formed so that the waste in the space S defined between the casing 2 and the screw shaft 3 advances to the left side by rotating the screw shaft 3 counterclockwise when viewed from the right side. Has been. Further, the spiral blade 31 is formed so that the pitch P becomes smaller toward the left side.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotary cutter 5 is attached to the shaft support portion 35 of the screw shaft 3 so as to be adjacent to the left side surface of the second lid member 23. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotary cutter 5 includes a mounting portion 51 in which a through hole 511 having an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the shaft support portion 35 is formed, and extends from the mounting portion 51 in the radial direction. It is comprised from the blade 52 attached in this way. A key groove 512 is formed in the through hole 511 of the attachment portion 51, and when the rotary cutter 5 is attached to the shaft support portion 35, the key groove 512 is engaged with a key 351 provided on the shaft support portion 35. Therefore, when the screw shaft 3 rotates, the rotary cutter 5 also rotates in the same direction.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view of the crusher 4 according to this embodiment. In FIG. 5, the first hopper portion 41 is omitted for simplification of description. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the crusher 4 includes a first hopper 41 for charging waste, a main body 42 connected to the lower end of the first hopper 41, and a main body 42. And a second hopper 43 for feeding the waste crushed in step 2 into the casing 2. As shown in FIG. 5, a rotation shaft 44 extends in the center of the main body 42 in the horizontal direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotation shaft 44 is opposed to two blades 441 extending in the axial direction. Is provided. The fixed blades 45 a and 45 b extend in parallel to the rotation shaft 44 at positions facing the rotation shaft 44 on the right inner wall surface and the left inner wall surface of the main body 42. The rotary shaft 44 has an upper end portion in FIG. 5 that extends through the main body portion 42 to the outside of the main body portion 42, and a sprocket 421 is attached to the upper end portion. The sprocket 421 is configured to be linked to a sprocket 461 attached to a rotating shaft of a motor 46 installed outside via a chain (not shown). The second hopper portion 43 is configured to send the waste crushed in the main body portion 42 into the casing 2, and as shown in FIG. 1, the lower end portion of the second hopper portion 43 is connected to the casing 2 via the connecting member 7. It connects with the insertion port 213 of the main-body part 21 in.

  Next, the operation of the compression molding machine 1 configured as described above will be described.

  First, waste is introduced from the first hopper 41 of the crusher 4 and sent to the main body 42. The waste sent to the main body portion 42 is crushed by the blade 441 of the rotating shaft 44 and the fixed blades 45a and 45b, and from the inlet 213 of the casing 2 via the second hopper portion 43 and the connecting member 7. It is put into the casing 2.

  The waste thrown into the casing 2 from the crusher 4 first falls into the first space S1. Then, the waste in the first space S1 is sent to the left side by driving the motor 6 and rotating the screw shaft 3 counterclockwise as viewed from the right side in FIG. In the first space S1, since the distance between the screw shaft 3 and the casing 2 is sufficiently large, the waste is sent to the left side to the second space S2 without being compressed.

  The waste sent to the second space S2 is then sent to the left side in the second space S2 by the spiral blade 31. Since the second space S2 is gradually reduced toward the left side, the waste that proceeds to the left side in the second space S2 is gradually compressed in the radial direction by the tapered portion 33 and the casing 2. In this way, the waste compressed in the radial direction in the second space S2 is further sent to the left side to the third space S3 while being compressed.

  The waste sent to the third space S3 is further sent to the left side by the spiral blade 31. In the third space S3, since the diameter of the large diameter portion 34 is constant, the waste is not compressed in the radial direction beyond the compression in the second space S2. The waste that has reached the left end of the casing 2, that is, the second lid member 23 is compressed in the axial direction of the screw shaft 3 between the waste sent from the next and the second lid member 23. Is done. The waste compressed in the radial direction and the axial direction is discharged from the four discharge ports 232 of the second lid member 23 to the outside of the casing 2 and is cut short in the length direction by the rotary cutter 5 to form a pellet. Will be collected.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the taper portion 33 of the screw shaft 3 is formed so that the diameter increases toward the left side. The space S2 defined between them gradually decreases. For this reason, waste is gradually compressed by the screw shaft 3 and the casing 2 in the process of being sent to the left side of the casing 2. In this manner, the waste can be more sufficiently compressed by gradually compressing the waste in the radial direction of the casing 2. Further, since the rotary shaft of the rotary cutter 5 is coaxial with the rotary shaft of the screw shaft 3, vibrations generated when the screw shaft 3 and the rotary cutter 5 are rotated are suppressed. Can be prevented.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning of this invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the discharge port 232 extends straight in the discharge direction. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the discharge port 232 may be formed in a tapered shape so that the diameter decreases in the discharge direction. By forming the discharge port 232 in this way, the angle α of the cross section of the opening on the discharge direction side of the discharge port 232 becomes an acute angle. For this reason, the shear force which the blade 52 of the rotary cutter 5 and the left side opening part of the discharge port 232 act on the waste discharged from the discharge port 232 becomes large. As a result, the waste that has been compressed and discharged from the discharge port 232 can be more reliably cut.

  Moreover, the rotary cutter 5 of the said embodiment can also be attached so that position adjustment is possible to a rotating shaft direction. More specifically, the attachment portion 51 to which the blade 52 is attached is slidable in the axial direction of the screw shaft 35 so that the attachment portion 51 can be fixed to the screw shaft 35 by a fixing member at a desired position. It has become. As a method of fixing the mounting portion 51 to the screw shaft 35, a known fixing method can be adopted. For example, a bolt hole is formed in the mounting portion 51, and the screw shaft 35 is spaced at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. The mounting portion 51 can be fixed to the screw shaft 35 at a desired position by forming a screw hole and fastening a bolt. In addition, the screw hole of the screw shaft 35 may be formed as a normal hole that is not cut and fixed with a pin. According to these configurations, the following effects can be obtained. Since the waste is sent to the second lid member 23 side in the casing 2, the second lid member 23 may be swollen by the sent waste. As the second lid member 23 swells in this manner, the rotary cutter 5 adjacent to the left side surface of the second lid member 23 moves to the left side. The swollen second lid member 23 returns to its original shape when all the waste in the casing 2 is discharged, but the rotary cutter 5 that has moved to the left does not automatically return to its original position. A gap is formed between the discharge port 232 formed in the second lid member 23 and the rotary cutter 5. However, the gap between the discharge port 232 and the rotary cutter 5 can be reduced by making the position of the rotary cutter 5 adjustable as described above.

  Further, the rotary cutter 5 can be urged toward the second lid member 23 by the urging means. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, as an urging means, the compression coil spring 8 is installed so that the shaft support portion 35 extends inside, and the mounting portion 51 of the rotary cutter 5 is pressed, so that the rotary cutter 5 is moved to the second position. The cover member 23 can be biased. With this configuration, even when the rotary cutter 5 moves to the left side due to the second lid member 23 expanding as described above, the rotary cutter 5 is returned to the right side by the compression coil spring 8, and the discharge port 232 A gap with the rotary cutter 5 can be reduced. As a result, the waste discharged from the discharge port 232 can be reliably cut.

  Further, the discharge port 232 can be configured to be openable and closable. With this configuration, the discharge port 232 is closed until the waste in the casing 2 is sufficiently compressed, and the discharge port 232 is opened after the waste in the casing 2 is sufficiently compressed. Only the fully compressed waste can be discharged from the exhaust port 232.

  In the above embodiment, the waste is once crushed by the crusher 4 and then put into the casing 2. However, the crusher 4 is not installed, and the waste is directly fed from the inlet 213 of the casing 2. It can also be input.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rotary cutter 5 is comprised so that it may rotate with the same rotational speed with the screw shaft 3, by providing the motor for the rotational drive of the rotary cutter 5 separately, etc. The rotational speed can be controlled regardless of the rotational speed of the screw shaft 3. In this way, by allowing the rotational speed of the rotary cutter 5 to be freely controlled, it is possible to cut the waste discharged from the discharge port 232 to a desired length.

  The compression molding machine 1 can be used in various ways. For example, the compression molding machine 1 can compress sludge. In this case, it is preferable to provide a discharge groove or a discharge port for discharging water coming out of the compressed sludge at the lower part of the casing 2.

It is front sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the compression molding machine which concerns on this invention. It is a plane sectional view showing an embodiment of a compression molding machine concerning the present invention. It is a left view of the 2nd cover member concerning this embodiment. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a top view of the crushing processing machine concerning this embodiment. It is a front sectional view showing other embodiments of the 2nd lid member. It is the partial front sectional view which expanded a part of other embodiments of the compression molding machine concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compression molding machine 2 Casing 22 1st cover member (one edge part)
23 Second lid member (the other end)
232 Discharge port 3 Screw shaft 31 Spiral blade 33 Tapered portion 4 Crusher 5 Rotating cutter 8 Compression coil spring P Pitch

Claims (8)

A compression molding machine for compressing an object to be compressed,
It has a cylindrical shape, and an inlet for supplying the object to be compressed is formed on one end side, and an outlet for discharging the compressed object to be compressed is formed on the other end side. A casing,
The casing extends in the axial direction and is rotationally driven. At least a part of the casing is tapered so that its diameter increases from one end side to the other end side. A screw shaft having a spiral blade formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface so as to send an object to be compressed to the other end side;
Equipped with a compression molding machine.   The compression molding machine according to claim 1, wherein a pitch of the spiral blade of the screw shaft decreases from one end side to the other end side of the casing. It is installed so as to be adjacent to the other end of the casing, and further comprises a rotary cutter having a rotary shaft coaxially with the screw shaft,
The outlet of the casing is formed at the other end of the casing,
The compression molding machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotary cutter rotates so as to cut the object to be compressed discharged from the discharge port.   The compression molding machine according to claim 3, wherein the rotary cutter is installed so that the position of the rotary cutter can be adjusted in the rotation axis direction.   5. The compression molding machine according to claim 3, further comprising a biasing unit that biases the rotary cutter toward the other end of the casing.   The compression molding machine according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is configured to be openable and closable.   The compression molding machine according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the discharge port of the casing is formed in a tapered shape so that the diameter decreases in the discharge direction.   The compression molding machine in any one of Claims 1-7 further equipped with the crushing processing machine installed in the inlet of the said casing and crushing to-be-compressed material.

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