JP5576254B2 - Crushing and sorting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing and sorting apparatus, and more particularly to a crushing and sorting apparatus that can crush or break and burn and combust combustible waste and can efficiently sort a fermentation suitable material that becomes a biomass resource.

  In a system that selects suitable fermentation materials from combustible waste and collects biomass resources suitable for methane fermentation, the recovered combustible waste is crushed or broken and crushed into fine pieces, and the specified particle size is selected for efficiency. It is important to select suitable fermentation products.

  In FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1, as a crushing and sorting device used in a biomass resource recovery system for selecting and recovering a fermentation suitable material from combustible waste, a combustible waste crushing function or a bag breaking and crushing function is used as one unit. A crushing and sorting apparatus having a particle size sorting function and a wind sorting function is disclosed.

  An outline of this crushing and sorting apparatus is shown in FIG.

  In the crushing and sorting apparatus, the input unit 100 and the sorting unit 200 are connected side by side. An input port 101 for supplying combustible waste is opened upward in the input unit 100, and a conveying screw 102 is horizontally installed inside the input port 101. The screw 102 rotates when a driving force from the driving source 103 is transmitted, and conveys combustible waste charged from the charging port 101 toward the selection unit 200.

  On the other hand, in the sorting unit 200, a cylindrical sorting drum 201 is disposed sideways so that one end thereof faces the input unit 100. On the peripheral wall of the sorting drum 201, a large number of sorting holes 201A having a predetermined hole diameter for sorting fermentation suitable materials to be collected are formed over the entire circumference.

  A rotating shaft 202 is rotatably supported inside the sorting drum 201, and a plurality of blades 203 are provided radially on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 202, and independent of the screw 102 by driving the motor 204. And is designed to rotate.

  According to this crushing and sorting apparatus, the combustible waste introduced from the input port 101 is pushed into one end of the sorting drum 201 along the axial direction of the sorting drum 201 by the rotation of the screw 102. The combustible waste that has reached the sorting drum 201 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 201 by the centrifugal force of the rotating blade 203 and is sandwiched between the sorting drum 201 and rubbed against a large number of sorting holes 201A. It is crushed.

  Of the crushed waste, the waste containing the suitable fermentation material that can pass through the sorting hole 201A falls and is collected in the collection port 204 below the sorting drum 201, and the waste larger than the sorting hole 201A is collected by the blade 203. It is pushed toward the discharge port by the wind power generated by the rotation of, and is discharged as an inappropriate fermentation product.

  According to this crushing and sorting apparatus, the functions of the crushing or bag breaking of combustible waste and crushing, the particle size sorting by the sorting holes, and the wind sorting by the wind generated by the rotation of the blade can be provided by one unit. Simplification can be achieved.

  In addition, since the combustible waste introduced from the introduction port 101 is pushed into one end of the sorting drum 201 along the axial direction of the sorting drum 201, the other end having a discharge port from one end of the sorting drum 201. The combustible waste can be crushed or broken and crushed and crushed over the entire length, and the sorting drum 201 can be used efficiently.

  On the other hand, FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2 shows the rotation direction of the blade from almost the radial direction of the sorting drum instead of the structure in which waste is introduced along the axial direction from one end of the sorting drum having the blade inside. It is disclosed that the problem of tangling of long objects can be solved by adopting a structure in which waste is introduced into the structure.

  Further, in Patent Document 3, the waste is guided in the direction of the discharge port by arranging the current plate at an angle with respect to the rotation direction of the rotation shaft in the upper half of the inner surface of the sorting drum. Is disclosed.

JP 2010-99566 A JP 2002-177888 A JP 2008-302343 A

  When the present inventors further examined the crushing and sorting apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 as shown in FIG. 6 for the purpose of further improving the efficiency of biomass resource recovery, the following problems were found.

  That is, according to the crushing and sorting apparatus disclosed in FIG. 6, the combustible waste pushed into the sorting drum 201 by the screw 102 is released from the screw 102 and immediately reaches the inside of the sorting drum 201. It will be in contact with the axial end. At this time, at the boundary portion between the screw 102 and the blade 203, a long object in combustible waste, such as a video tape, stockings, strings, etc., is torn off and entangled with the rotating shaft 202, which gradually becomes entangled. Growing down reduces wind power and causes stagnation of combustible waste, eventually causing an overload and a situation where the device stops.

  Such a problem of tangling of a long object seems to be able to be solved by adopting a structure in which waste is introduced from the almost radial direction of the sorting drum to the rotation direction of the blade as disclosed in FIG. It is.

  However, in this structure, combustible waste is thrown in from the middle of the sorting drum in the direction of rotation of the blade, so the combustible waste is crushed or broken and broken and crushed over the entire length from one end to the other end of the sorting drum. It becomes impossible to perform crushing or bag breaking and crushing functions that effectively use the sorting drum as in the crushing and sorting apparatus disclosed in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1.

  Moreover, in the crushing and sorting apparatus disclosed in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2, combustible waste is thrown in along the radial direction of the sorting drum, but after feeding, the axial direction of the sorting drum is orthogonal to this. You must move combustible garbage along. However, once combustible waste is thrown into the sorting drum, the blade only rotates the combustible waste, and it is not possible to apply a force to move the injected combustible waste in the axial direction. There is a problem that a large amount of combustible waste stays immediately below the bottom.

  In the crushing and sorting apparatus disclosed in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2, a plurality of air guide plates are provided in the upper half of the sorting drum to guide the airflow in the sorting drum toward the discharge port. The combustible waste cannot be moved in the axial direction until the waste is broken or crushed and made fine enough to be transported by the airflow from the air guide plate. For this reason, the combustible waste stays for a long time under the inlet until it is finely crushed.

  In order to convey the combustible waste in the sorting drum in the axial direction, it is conceivable to provide a current plate for guiding the feeding in the axial direction on the inner surface of the sorting drum as disclosed in Patent Document 3.

  However, in the sorting drum, between the outer edge of the blade and the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum, the combustible waste is effectively rubbed or crushed or broken and crushed while the solid matter is prevented from being caught. For this reason, a predetermined gap needs to be formed between the outer edge of the blade and the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum. If a current plate as disclosed in Patent Document 3 is provided in the sorting drum, there is a possibility that solid matter may be caught between the outer edge of the blade and the inner edge of the current plate. A predetermined gap must be maintained between the outer edge of the plate and the inner edge of the current plate. In that case, the distance between the outer edge of the blade and the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum is too large, and the combustible waste cannot be efficiently crushed or broken and crushed. There is a problem that it cannot be performed, and it is impossible to efficiently select suitable fermentation products from combustible waste.

  Therefore, the present invention enables the combustible waste to be fed into one end in the axial direction of the sorting drum without the risk of entanglement of a long object, so that the end of the sorting drum can be stopped without stagnation of the combustible waste. It can perform crushing or bag breaking and crushing functions over the entire length from the first to the other end, and can smoothly convey and discharge unsuitable fermented material in crushed combustible waste toward the discharge port with sufficient wind power. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing and sorting device that can be used.

  The other subject of this invention becomes clear by the following description.

  The above problems are solved by the following invention.

(Claim 1)
An input part having an input port of combustible waste that opens upward;
A cylindrical sorting drum in which one end is connected to the charging portion in a lateral direction and a large number of sorting holes are formed on the outer peripheral surface;
A single rotating shaft rotatably arranged in the sorting drum from the charging unit ;
A plurality of blades extending radially on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft over the entire length of the rotating shaft and attached in an inclined manner in the same direction with respect to the rotational direction of the rotating shaft;
A guide vane that is disposed on the inner surface of the charging unit except directly below the charging port, and that feeds combustible waste charged from the charging port to one end of the sorting drum by rotation of the blade ;
The combustible waste thrown from the inlet by the rotation of the rotating shaft is sent to the one end of the sorting drum from the throwing section by the guide vanes, and is crushed or broken and crushed between the blade and the sorting drum. And a crushing and sorting apparatus configured to sort by the sorting hole and the wind force by generating wind force toward the discharge port disposed at the other end of the sorting drum by the blade. .

(Claim 2)
2. The crushing and sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gap between an outer edge of the blade, an inner edge of the guide blade, and an inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum is in a range of 30 mm to 100 mm.

  According to the present invention, combustible waste can be fed to one end in the axial direction of the sorting drum without any tangling of a long object, and the sorting drum reaches from one end to the other end without stagnation of the combustible waste. A crushing and sorting apparatus that can perform crushing or bag breaking and crushing functions over the entire length, and can smoothly convey and discharge unsuitable fermented material in crushed combustible waste toward a discharge port with sufficient wind power Can be provided.

Sectional drawing which shows an example of the crushing and sorting apparatus which concerns on this invention Sectional view along line (ii)-(ii) in FIG. The figure which showed the state which looked at the other example of the crushing-sorting apparatus along the axial direction of the rotating shaft from the input part side in a partial cross section. The figure which showed the state which looked at another example of the crushing-sorting apparatus along the axial direction of the rotating shaft from the discharge part side. The flowchart which shows an example of the collection system of the biomass resource using the crushing-sorting apparatus which concerns on this invention Sectional view of a conventional crushing and sorting device

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the present invention, combustible waste refers to waste discharged from ordinary households and business establishments (hotels, restaurants, food factories, etc.), such as potatoes, paper pieces, vegetation, plastic / vinyl pieces, Examples of the waste include one or more of fiber pieces (fabrics) and incombustibles.

  These combustible garbage is usually collected in a garbage collection bag such as a plastic bag, but also includes combustible garbage collected without being stored in the garbage collection bag.

  Of these combustible wastes, potatoes, paper pieces and vegetation can be classified as suitable fermentation products suitable for methane fermentation, and plastic and vinyl pieces, fiber pieces (cloth), and incombustible materials are classified as unsuitable fermentation materials. it can.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the crushing and sorting apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line (ii)-(ii) of FIG.

  The crushing and sorting apparatus 1A includes an input unit 10A into which combustible waste is introduced along an axial direction extending laterally from the left side in FIG. 1, a screening unit 10B for selecting fermentation suitable materials from the combustible waste, and sorting. It has 10C of discharge parts which discharge | emit the fermentation unsuitable thing after a fermentation suitable material is sorted by the part 10B sequentially.

  The input unit 10A is a part into which combustible waste is taken in the crushing and sorting apparatus 1A, and an input port 11 through which combustible waste is input is opened upward. Below the inlet 11 is a semi-cylindrical shape with the lower half facing sideways, and the upper half is shaped to expand toward the upper inlet 11, and an introduction space for combustible waste introduced from the inlet 11. 12 is formed.

  One side wall portion of the input portion 10A has an opening / closing cover 13 that can be opened and closed sideways about the opening / closing shaft 13a. The input unit 10A can perform internal inspection work and the like by opening the opening / closing cover 13.

  In addition, on the side of the input port 11, a selected air volume intake port 14 for taking in wind when generating wind power for selection described later is formed to open upward.

  On the inner surface of the introduction space 12 in the charging portion 10A, a plurality of guide blades 15 are formed to protrude. The guide blade 15 serves as a guide for sending combustible waste introduced into the introduction space 12 from the introduction port 11 toward the sorting unit 10B connected to the subsequent stage by rotation of a blade described later. The shape is such that the inner end edge 15a of the guide vane 15 is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder, and spirals counterclockwise from one end of the input portion 10A toward the sorting portion 10B.

  However, the guide vane 15 is partially omitted at a portion directly below the inlet 11 into which combustible waste is thrown, and the spiral shape of the guide vane 15 is discontinuous at this portion. Directly below the inlet 11 is a boundary portion where the opening of the inlet 11 contacts the introduction space 12. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the guide vane 15 is in a state in which an upper circular arc portion that is located immediately below the charging port 11 and faces the charging port 11 is cut in order to allow the burning of combustible waste. ing. As a result, the guide vane 15 draws a spiral in a counterclockwise direction from the arcuate lower half of the inner surface of the introduction space 12 to a part of the upper half excluding the portion of the insertion port 11 toward the sorting unit 10B. It is formed as follows.

  The sorting unit 10B is connected to the charging unit 10A in a lateral direction, and a cylindrical sorting drum 16 is disposed in the lateral direction. One end of the sorting drum 16 in the axial direction faces the introduction space 12 of the input portion 10 </ b> A, and combustible waste fed from the introduction space 12 can be received.

  In the peripheral wall of the sorting drum 16, a large number of sorting holes 16 a are formed over the entire circumference for sorting the combustible waste that has been crushed into particles and sorting them into suitable fermentation products and unsuitable fermentation materials.

  The size of the suitable fermentation material to be sorted and recovered is determined by the hole diameter of the sorting hole 16a. The pore diameter (screening particle size) is preferably 30 to 50 mm, and more preferably 35 to 45 mm.

  A drum cover 17 is provided around the outer periphery of the sorting drum 16 so that the fermented suitable material that has passed through the sorting hole 16a is dropped and collected in the collecting port 18 at the lower part of the apparatus without being scattered. A part of the drum cover 17 is formed so as to be openable and closable (not shown), and when opened, the inside of the sorting unit 10B can be inspected.

  The sorting drum 16 is provided so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction when a driving force from an electric motor (not shown) is transmitted.

  10 C of discharge parts are comprised by the space connected with the selection part 10B, The fermentation unsuitable thing which remains without being sorted by the selection drum 16 of the selection part 10B is received in the upper part, A discharge port 19 for discharging by wind force is formed in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.

  In addition, a single rotating shaft 20 is disposed horizontally across the input unit 10A, the selection drum 16 of the selection unit 10B, and the discharge unit 10C. One end of the rotating shaft 20 protrudes from the input portion 10A to the outside and is rotatably supported by the bearing 20a, and the other end protrudes to the outside from the discharge portion 10C and is rotatably supported by the bearing 20b. Accordingly, the rotary shaft 20 is horizontally mounted so as to be rotatable from the input portion 10A to the discharge portion 10C.

  A pulley 20c is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 20 protruding outward from the input portion 10A. The rotating shaft 20 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 2 when the driving force from the electric motor 30 is transmitted to the pulley 20c via the belt 30a.

  A plurality of (four in the illustrated example) blades 21 extending radially are attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 20. Each blade 21 extends over the entire length of the rotary shaft 20 from one end in the input portion 10A to the other end in the discharge portion 10C through the sorting portion 10B, and in the same direction with respect to the rotational direction of the rotary shaft 20. It is attached in an inclined shape.

  Here, each blade 21 is attached so as to be gradually displaced in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 20 as it goes from the input portion 10A to the discharge portion 10C, thereby being inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 20. doing. For this reason, when the rotating shaft 20 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 2, each blade 21 inclined with respect to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 20 generates wind force from the input portion 10A toward the discharge portion 10C. It has become.

  The outer edge 21a of each blade 21 is close to the inner edge 15a of the guide vane 15 in the input section 10A and the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 16 in the sorting section 10B. For this reason, when each blade 21 rotates along with the rotating shaft 20, each blade 21 comes into contact with the inner end edge 15 a of the guide blade 15 and the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 16 with a slight gap therebetween. Rotate without.

  This gap is in the range of 30 mm to 100 mm in order to prevent a solid material contained in the combustible waste that cannot be crushed, such as a large cloth or shoes such as a bath towel, from being bitten. A range is preferable. If it is less than 30 mm, it becomes easy for biting to occur when combustible waste contains solid matter, and if it exceeds 100 mm, the effect of sliding the combustible waste against the sorting hole 16 a by the rotation of the blade 21. It becomes inferior, and in particular, long objects are less likely to be crushed (sheared). A more preferable gap amount is 50 mm to 70 mm.

  Selection of this gap | interval amount can be selected to the optimal gap | interval in the range of 30 mm-100 mm so that it may become the particle size which can select a fermentation suitable thing efficiently with the composition of a combustible waste. As long as the gap amount is within a range of 30 mm to 100 mm, the inner end edge 15a of the guide blade 15 and the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 16 may be the same or different.

  In this crushing and sorting apparatus 1A, in order to perform crushing or bag breaking and crushing and sorting while injecting water, a spray nozzle for water injection (not shown) is provided at an appropriate portion of the input unit 10A or the sorting unit 10B. Is preferred. Although the water injection depends on the moisture content of the combustible waste, it is preferably 1 to 10,000 L per ton of combustible waste.

  By pouring water, it is possible to wash off the fermentation suitable material adhering to the fermentation inappropriate material, and the selection accuracy of the fermentation suitable material is improved. Moreover, it is possible to further prevent fine dust from being scattered by water injection. Furthermore, by adjusting the water content of the recovered fermentation suitable material, it is possible to obtain a suitable fermentation slurry suitable for methane fermentation, and easily transfer it to a subsequent methane fermentation facility using a screw conveyor or a pump. Will be able to.

  Moreover, the inside of the apparatus can be automatically washed by water injection by a control device or timer control at the end of the treatment process of one day.

  Next, the operation of the crushing and sorting apparatus 1A will be described.

  When the electric motor 30 is driven, the rotating shaft 20 rotates and the blade 21 rotates, and further, when the electric motor (not shown) is driven, the sorting drum 16 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the blade 21. When combustible waste is introduced into the introduction space 12 from the introduction port 11 while rotating around the shaft 20, the combustible waste in the introduction space 12 is pressed against the inner surface of the introduction space 12 by the rotating blade 21. As indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1, the guide vanes 15 projecting so as to draw a spiral are gradually fed toward the sorting unit 10 </ b> B while rotating.

  During the feeding, the combustible waste is crushed or broken and crushed by being pressed against the inner wall surface of the introduction space 12 and the guide blade 15 while being rotated by centrifugal force by the rotating blade 21 and rubbed. In particular, rubbing is also performed on the inner edge 15a of the guide vane 15. Since combustible waste comes into contact with the rotating blade 21 from the radial direction of the rotary shaft 20, there is no boundary between the screw 102 and the blade 203 in FIG. There will be no entanglement.

  Even if combustible waste is continuously introduced from the inlet 11, the combustible waste in the introduction space 12 is rotated by the rotating blade 21 and further moved to the sorting unit 10B side while being guided by the spiral guide blade 15. Therefore, it retracts immediately from directly below the insertion port 11. In addition, since the blade 21 is extended also to the input unit 10A, wind force can be generated by the rotation of the blade 21 in the input unit 10A. Immediately transferred to the sorting unit 10B side. By these things, it is prevented that combustible waste stagnates at the inlet 11, and accumulates and bridges.

  Since the spiral guide vane 15 is provided in the charging unit 10A, finely crushed garbage is not scattered by the wind force, but is sorted by the wind force generated along the guide vane 15 and by the rotation of the blade 21. It is smoothly transferred while rotating around the rotary shaft 20 toward the portion 10B.

  In this way, the garbage transferred while being crushed or broken and crushed toward the sorting unit 10B by the rotating blade 21 and the spiral guide blade 15 is transferred from one end of the sorting drum 16 in the axial direction. It is sent inside.

  The dust fed into the sorting drum 16 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 16 by the rotating blade 21, and rotates in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the outer edge 21 </ b> A of the rotating blade 21. By continuing to be rubbed with the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 16, it is further refined by crushing or bag breaking and crushing.

  Of the finely crushed waste, the waste containing the fermentable material that can pass through the sorting hole 16a is recovered as it is or dropped along the inner wall surface of the sorting drum cover 17 to the collection port 18 below the sorting drum 16. The Further, the dust larger than the sorting hole 16a is pushed toward the discharge unit 10C by the wind force generated by the rotation of the blade 21, and is discharged from the discharge port 19 as a fermentation inappropriate material.

  The dust in the sorting drum 16 is generated from the input unit 10A to the discharge unit 10C by the new dust being sent from the input unit 10A along the axial direction and the rotation of the blade 21 extended to the input unit 10A. As a result of sufficient wind power to rotate, while rotating in the sorting drum 16, it is smoothly transferred toward the discharge portion 10C as indicated by the arrow in FIG.

  In the sorting unit 10B, since the waste transferred from the input unit 10A is fed from one end of the sorting drum 16 in the axial direction, the sorting drum 16 crushes and sorts the waste from one end of the sorting drum 16 in contact with the feeding unit 10A. Can do. For this reason, the crushing or bag breaking and crushing functions can be achieved over the entire length from one end of the sorting drum 16 to the other end in contact with the discharge portion 10C, and the sorting drum 16 can function effectively.

  The area where the guide vanes 15 are provided is only in the input portion 10A and not in the sorting drum 16, so that the solid end bites the outer end edge 21A of the blade 21 in the sorting drum 16. By being close to the inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum 16 to such an extent that it does not occur, combustible waste can be effectively crushed or broken and crushed and particle size sorting by the sorting holes 16a can be performed effectively.

  In addition, since the combustible waste can be transferred by the input unit 10A and the combustible waste can be sorted by the sorting unit 10B by driving the same motor 30, the number of motors can be reduced and the power cost can be reduced as compared with the prior art. it can.

  Further, the blade 21 extended to the inside of the input unit 10A can generate wind power sufficient to transfer the waste over the entire length from the input unit 10A to the discharge unit 10C, so that it is combustible in the input unit 10A. Combined with the effect that the waste does not stagnate, it becomes possible to smoothly transfer the crushed unsuitable fermentation material toward the discharge port 19, and there is no trouble that clogging occurs at the discharge port 19. .

  The wind force (wind speed) generated by the rotation of the blade 21 is preferably 3 to 25 m / s, more preferably 40 to 10 m / s, from the viewpoint of enabling effective selection of unsuitable fermentation materials from combustible waste. That is.

  Further, in order to effectively select the fermentation suitable material from the combustible waste by the selection hole 16a having a diameter of 30 to 50 mm, the rotation speed of the blade 21 is preferably 500 to 2000 rpm, more preferably 750 to 1000 rpm. .

  By the way, if the rotational speed of the blade 21 is increased too much in order to increase the effect of the rubbing of rubbable dust and the particle size sorting by the sorting drum 16 and the blade 21, the wind power becomes too large, and the combustible waste becomes the sorting drum 16. May be discharged from the discharge port 19 without being sufficiently sorted.

  However, according to this crushing and sorting apparatus 1A, since it is not necessary to provide an input port in the middle of the sorting drum 16 as in the prior art in order to prevent tangling of long objects, the sorting drum 16 is rotated in the direction of rotation of the blade 21. And can be rotated in the opposite direction. For this reason, the relative rotational speed of the sorting drum 16 and the blade 21 can be increased without increasing the rotational speed of the blade 21 too much. As a result, the rotation speed of the blade 21 can be set to a speed suitable for performing particle size selection by rubbing of combustible waste and wind power selection, and efficient fermentation suitable materials can be recovered.

  FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of another example of the crushing and sorting apparatus as viewed along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 20 from the input unit 10A side. Since the site | part of the same code | symbol as 1A of crushing-sorting apparatuses shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 has shown the site | part of the same structure, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the crushing and sorting apparatus 1B, a crushing apparatus 22 for crushing, breaking, or crushing combustible waste in advance is connected to the input port 11 in advance.

  The crushing device 22 uses a biaxial crushing device in which two crushing rotors 22a for crushing or bag breaking and crushing combustible waste are rotated in parallel by a driving force of an electric motor (not shown). However, it is not particularly limited. By connecting this crushing device 22 to the upper portion of the inlet 11, combustible waste to be introduced into the introduction space 12 through the inlet 11 is crushed or broken in advance and crushed by the rotating rotors 22a and 22a. Can be shredded and averaged. For this reason, the load immediately after the charging can be further reduced, and difficult-to-process materials such as futons can be removed before being charged into the charging port 11 in the crushing device 2, and the overload stop can be performed. The number of occurrences of trouble can be reduced.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which another example of the crushing and sorting apparatus is viewed along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 20 from the discharge unit 10C side. Since the site | part of the same code | symbol as 1A of crushing and sorting apparatuses 1A shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 and the crushing and sorting apparatus 1B shown in FIG. 3 has shown the site | part of the same structure, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this crushing and sorting apparatus 1 </ b> C, a cyclone 23 for recovering inappropriate fermentation materials discharged from the discharge port 19 is connected to the discharge port 19.

  The inside of the cyclone 23 communicates with the discharge port 19 by a duct 23a, accepts unsuitable fermentation after particle size sorting discharged from the discharge port 19 by wind power, and separates it into solid and gas by the cyclone effect. The separated solid matter (fermentation inappropriate material) is collected by dropping into a hopper 23b below the cyclone 23, and further cut out to the outside by reducing the influence of wind power by the rotary damper 23c. The unsuitable fermentation material is conveyed by the conveyor 23d.

  By providing the cyclone 23 in this manner, it is possible to prevent the inappropriate fermentation material discharged from the discharge port 19 from being scattered, and to discharge the unsuitable fermentation material more smoothly without staying in the crushing and sorting apparatus main body. Can do. As a result, it is possible to more reliably eliminate the trouble that the fermentation inappropriate material is blocked at the discharge port 19 or the like.

  Further, the gas separated by the cyclone 23 is discharged to the outside from the exhaust cylinder 23e above the cyclone 23, and a part of the gas is introduced into the selected air volume intake port 14 of the input unit 10A via the pipe 23f (circulation path). It is preferable to return it. Thereby, a part of the exhaust discharged from the cyclone 23 can be reused as wind power for wind sorting, and the generation of wind power can be made smoother.

  Although this crushing and sorting apparatus 1 </ b> C has a crushing apparatus 22 connected to the inlet 11, the crushing apparatus 22 is not essential.

  In the present invention, the unsuitable fermented matter discharged from the discharge port 19 is not limited to be collected using such a cyclone 23, but is directly discharged into an unsuitable matter pit or the like (not shown). May be.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a biomass resource recovery system using the crushing and sorting apparatus according to the present invention. Here, the system using the crushing and sorting apparatus 1C shown in FIG. 4 is illustrated, but it goes without saying that another crushing and sorting apparatus 1A or 1B may be used.

  As shown in the figure, the combustible waste collected by the collection vehicle 40 is temporarily stored in the pit 41. The combustible waste in the pit 41 is transported and dropped by the crane 42 to the bunker slot 43a of the conveyor 43, and is transported to the crushing device 22 of the crushing and sorting apparatus 1C by the transport of the conveyor 43.

  Or the collection vehicle 40 may throw in combustible garbage directly into the bunker slot 43a.

  In the crushing device 22, combustible waste is crushed or broken and crushed in advance, and large waste that cannot be crushed here is removed as a difficult-to-treat material and transferred to a designated pit 44.

  The crushed or broken bag and the combustible waste after crushed from the crushing device 22 are crushed or broken and broken and crushed by the crushing and sorting device 1C as described above, and particle size sorting and wind sorting are performed. By this, it is separated into a fermentation suitable material and a fermentation inappropriate material.

  The fermentation suitable material is dropped and collected from the collection port 18, conveyed by the conveyor 45, and transferred to the methane fermentation process 46.

  On the other hand, the unsuitable fermentation material is sent to the cyclone 23 from the discharge port 19 through the duct 23a by wind force, and is separated into a solid unsuitable fermentation product and exhaust by the cyclone effect. The unsuitable fermentation material is transferred to the designated pit 47 by the conveyor 23d, and the exhaust gas is transferred from the exhaust pipe 23e to the designated pit 48, and a part thereof is supplied to the sorting air volume intake port 14 of the crushing and sorting apparatus 1C through the pipe 23f. Returned and reused.

  During the crushing or bag breaking and crushing processing of combustible waste in this crushing and sorting apparatus 1C, water injection is performed by the water injection line 49. The water injection line 49 is provided with a water amount adjusting valve 49a, and the water content of the fermentation suitable material is adjusted by adjusting the amount of water injected into the crushing and sorting apparatus 1C.

1A, 1B, 1C: Crushing and sorting apparatus 10A: Input unit 10B: Selection unit 10C: Discharge unit 11: Input port 12: Introduction space 13: Opening / closing cover 13a: Opening / closing axis 14: Selection air volume intake port 15: Guide vane 15a: Guide Inner edge 16 of the blade 16: Sorting drum 16a: Sorting hole 17: Drum cover 18: Collection port 19: Discharge port 20: Rotating shaft 20a: Bearing 20b: Bearing 20c: Pulley 21: Blade 21a: Outer edge of the blade 22: Crusher 22a: Rotor 23: Cyclone 23a: Duct 23b: Hopper 23c: Rotary damper 23d: Conveyor 23e: Exhaust cylinder 23f: Piping (circulation path)
30: Electric motor 30a: Belt

Claims (2)

An input part having an input port of combustible waste that opens upward;
A cylindrical sorting drum in which one end is connected to the charging portion in a lateral direction and a large number of sorting holes are formed on the outer peripheral surface;
A single rotating shaft rotatably arranged in the sorting drum from the charging unit ;
A plurality of blades extending radially on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft over the entire length of the rotating shaft and attached in an inclined manner in the same direction with respect to the rotational direction of the rotating shaft;
A guide vane that is disposed on the inner surface of the charging unit except directly below the charging port, and that feeds combustible waste charged from the charging port to one end of the sorting drum by rotation of the blade ;
The combustible waste thrown from the inlet by the rotation of the rotating shaft is sent to the one end of the sorting drum from the throwing section by the guide vanes, and is crushed or broken and crushed between the blade and the sorting drum. And a crushing and sorting apparatus configured to sort by the sorting hole and the wind force by generating wind force toward the discharge port disposed at the other end of the sorting drum by the blade. .   2. The crushing and sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gap between an outer edge of the blade, an inner edge of the guide blade, and an inner peripheral surface of the sorting drum is in a range of 30 mm to 100 mm.

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