JP6710929B2 - Grain harvesting drying system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a grain harvesting and drying system including a combine that harvests grains from a field and a grain dryer that circulates and mixes overhanging grains with a hot air dryer.

In Patent Document 1, the stake limit of the grain dryer is set in advance as a target harvest amount of the combine, and the paddy harvesting work with the combine and the grain harvesting to the grain dryer are repeated, and then the total harvest of the combine is performed. It describes a harvesting work method that terminates the harvesting work when the amount reaches the target harvesting amount.By starting the drying operation of the grain dryer at this timing, the combine harvester is harvested according to the processing capacity of the grain dryer. Since it can be operated, the combine can be operated efficiently.

JP, 2005-224222, A

However, if the stake condition of the grain dryer changes due to stakes from other combine harvesters, etc. Had a problem in that it had to wait until the next stake due to the completion of drying.

An object of the present invention is to provide a grain harvesting/drying system that enables harvesting work in a grain harvesting operation with a combine, which can be immediately adapted to the operating condition of the grain dryer.

The invention according to claim 1 is a combine harvester (A) for harvesting a grain, a grain dryer (B) for drying hot air while circulating and mixing a grain-filled grain, the combine harvester (A) and the grain dryer (B). In the grain harvesting and drying system consisting of the communication means (C) for linking information between
The harvested mass detection means (A1) for detecting the harvested mass of the grain by the combine (A), and the stake capacity detection means (B1) for detecting the spilled grain capacity of the grain dryer (B) are provided. When the harvested grain from the combine (A) is loaded into the grain dryer (B), the grain dryer (B) detects the grain detected from the combine (A) by the harvested mass detection means (A1). While obtaining the harvested mass of, the amount of stake in the stakeout is detected by the stake capacity detecting means (B1), and the actual specific gravity of the harvested mass is calculated from the detected stake amount and the obtained harvested mass. Using this actual specific gravity and without using the data of the water content, the tension from the amount of grain in the grain detected by the volume detecting means (B1) to the limit of the grain dryer (B). The slack margin amount is converted into a slack margin mass, and the slack margin mass is transmitted to the combine (A) by the communication means (C) .
Providing a plurality of the grain dryers (B),
The communication means (C) communicatively connects the plurality of grain dryers (B) to the tablet terminal (C2), respectively, and communicates with the grain dryer (B) via the tablet terminal (C2). It is characterized in that it can communicate with the combine (A) .

In the invention according to claim 2, in the invention according to claim 1, the harvested grain moisture meter (A2) for detecting the moisture value of the harvested grain of the combine (A) and the grain-loaded grain of the grain dryer (B). A drying operation time calculating means (B2) for calculating a drying operation time required for a drying process including moisture unevenness convergence based on the water distribution is provided, and the drying operation time calculating means (B2) allows the grain dryer (B) to operate. It is characterized in that a drying operation time of the grain-dried grain of the grain dryer (B) is calculated from the amount of moisture and the moisture value of each grain.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, the combine (A) includes a display unit that indicates the operating status of the plurality of grain dryers (B), and the display unit is It is characterized in that the height of each grain of the grain dryer (B) is displayed so as to be visually comprehended by the height of each panel and window shown by the graphic .

In the invention according to claim 4, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the grain storage container (D) for storing the harvested grain of the combine (A) and the information of the stored grain are input and output. The information storage medium (D2) capable of being held is provided, and the container holding means (D1) is provided on the information holding medium (D2) to specify the corresponding grain storage container (D).

According to the invention of claim 1, in the grain harvesting and drying system, the staking margin mass calculated based on the staking capacity detecting means (B1) is transmitted to the combine (A) by the communication means (C), When the harvested grain grasped by the harvested mass detection means (A1) reaches the sufficiency margin, the harvesting operation is terminated and the harvested grain is loaded into the grain dryer (B) to start the grain drying operation. As described above, the harvesting work efficiency of the combine (A) and the operation efficiency of the grain dryer (B) can be secured by the harvesting work depending on the loading condition of the grain dryer (B). Further, in the case where there are two or more grain dryers, the tablet terminal (C2) is relayed so that each grain dryer (B) and the combine (A) can communicate with each other. Thus, data collection of the whole grain dryer B... can be performed at low cost .

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, in the grain harvesting and drying system, the amount of stake for each stake of the grain dryer (B) by the drying operation time calculating means (B2) and Based on the moisture value, it is possible to calculate the drying operation time including the moisture unevenness at the stage of infusing the infused grain. Therefore, the work schedule after the end of the drying process can be preliminarily set before the start of the drying operation, and the efficient harvesting work can be performed based on the operation of the dryer.

According to the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, the combine (A) is provided with a display section showing the operating status of the plurality of grain dryers (B), and the display section is , The height of each grain dryer (B) can be intuitively grasped by visually displaying the respective margin margins of the grain dryer (B) by the heights of the panels and windows shown in the graphic. I can .

According to the invention according to claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the information holding medium (D2) provided with the container identifying means (D1) is the same as that of the grain container (D). Since it is possible to retain the information on the stored grain while ensuring the correspondence, when the grain stored in the grain storage container (D) is loaded into the grain dryer (B), the information storage corresponding to the grain storage container (D) is held. Since the information on the stored grain can be taken out by the medium (D2), even in the case of temporarily storing the harvested grain in the grain storage container such as the flexible container, it is necessary to secure the information linkage through the information holding medium (D2). You can

Equipment configuration diagram of grain harvesting drying system Display example of operating status of grain dryer Mobile medium system configuration diagram An example of transport information by FIBC Example of combining combine emissions information by grain container Example of transport information by truck Information and communication configuration diagram for multiple grain dryers Dryer top screen (a) and input destination determination screen (b) Moisture data aggregation format example Front view of grain dryer Side sectional view of grain dryer Control box sketch of control box

An embodiment specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings. The grain harvesting and drying system is configured such that a combine A and a grain dryer B can be interconnected by a communication means C, as shown in the system configuration diagram of FIG.

The combine A is provided with a weight meter A1 such as a load cell which is a harvested mass detecting means for detecting the mass of the harvested grain, a harvested grain moisture meter A2 for detecting the moisture value of the harvested grain, and a display unit for displaying various information. .. Further, the grain dryer B is provided with a stake sensor B1 so that the stake amount can be detected, and the communication means C transmits the combined amount to the combine A, and the stake state of the grain dryer B of the destination. Is configured so that it can be grasped.

Combine A feeds the harvested grain to grain dryer B and transmits the grain mass to grain dryer B. At this point, grain dryer B detects the amount of grain loaded and calculates the specific gravity of The converted mass that can be squeezed up to the limit is transmitted to combine A as a slack amount.

In this way, by converting the surplus amount of the harvested grain from the combine A by the actual specific gravity of the harvested grain, the error due to the standard specific gravity is eliminated and the efficient harvesting work of the combine A and the grain drying are performed. The efficient drying operation of the machine B becomes possible.

In this case, the display on the combine A is, as shown in the display example of the operation status of the grain dryer B, as shown in Fig. 2, during loading (NO1, No3), during drying (NO5), during discharging (NO2), failure. The operation status, remaining amount, etc. are visualized by displaying the state of suspension (NO4) as a graphic and the drying state of the drying machine B that is being "loaded" and "discharging" is visually displayed by the height of each panel and window. Since it is possible to intuitively grasp, it becomes possible to operate directly linked to the progress of the work plan and work instructions.

Next, regarding the handling of information by the harvesting work of the combine A, the moisture value of the harvested grain is detected by the moisture meter A2 provided in the combine A, and all the moisture data is aggregated by the area of the field, and the variation of the moisture value is calculated. The degree is digitized and passed to the grain dryer B. The grain dryer B is provided with a drying operation time calculating means B2, and a comfortable drying speed is determined from the water distribution of the overlaid grain to calculate the unevenness convergence time so as to obtain high quality, and the optimum drying information is supported by the system. By providing above, the user can be supported. That is, a work schedule plan from the end of the drying process can be prepared in advance before the start of the drying operation, and efficient harvesting work can be performed based on the operation of the dryer.

Further, in the case of operating a plurality of grain dryers B in parallel, the harvesting grains are put into each of the moisture value categories and the drying operation is performed, whereby the convergence time of moisture unevenness of each grain dryer B is shortened and the drying operation is performed. The efficiency of can be improved.

(Grain transportation process)
Next, in the grain transportation process from the combine A to the grain dryer B, the harvested grain of the combine A is placed in a grain storage container D which is a moving medium such as a large-sized storage bag (hereinafter, referred to as “flex container”) or a truck. A description will be given of how to handle information when the grain storage container D is discharged and stored, and the grain storage container D is loaded into the grain dryer B.

When the harvested grain is discharged from the combine A to the grain container D, as shown in the moving medium type system configuration diagram in FIG. 3, a container identification means D1 such as an individual number provided for each grain container D and By providing the information holding means D2 that holds the conveyance information specified by the container specifying means D1 so that it can be input and output, the grain storage container D is temporarily stored in the grain storage container D, and then the grain storage container D is extended to the grain dryer B. When loading, the corresponding transport information can be linked.

The information holding means D2 is configured by directly attaching a recording medium such as an IC tag or a two-dimensional code to the grain container D, or the data holding means D2 on the cloud such as the data server C1 linked by the communication means C. Is configured to be accompanied by transport information for each grain container D.

The transport information for each grain storage container D is information on the stored grain discharged from the combine A in the grain storage container D and stored in the grain storage container D, and for each discharge, identification information of a moving medium such as a truck or a flexible container of the discharge destination. Enter including the individual number as.

As a method of acquiring the identification information of the moving medium, manual input, code reading, magnetic reading, or the like can be applied. Manual input is a method of visually inputting identification means such as an individual number displayed on a track or flexible container, and code reading is a method of reading an image of a one-dimensional or two-dimensional bar code attached to a moving medium, or magnetic reading. , A non-contact input method using a magnetic card or the like.

The transport information by the flexible container D is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the identification data of the moving medium such as the flexible container is added to the data for grasping the discharge time for each discharge from the combine, the moisture value, the harvest amount, the harvested field position, etc. In addition, the data is used to determine the flecon D, which is the loading source, on the grain dryer B side via the communication unit C, and the discharge amount is fetched to the dryer side.

As for the discharge information of combine harvesters, as shown in FIG. 5, an example in which they are grouped by grain storage container D is shown. By managing the reception time in units of flexible container, it is possible to track the harvest amount in the flexible container D and the details of the field. When the flexible container D is loaded into the dryer B, the data can be transferred to the dryer B so that management can be performed for each field, and the harvest amount after rice polishing can be assigned to the harvest amount for each field.

Similarly, with regard to the transportation information by the truck, an example of which is shown in FIG. 6, the harvest amount of the stored grain and the details of the field can be tracked, and when the stored grain is loaded into the grain dryer B, these data are collected. It becomes possible to manage each field by handing over the rice to a dryer, and the harvested amount after rice polishing can be assigned to the harvested amount for each field.

In this way, the harvested grain of the combine A is stored in the grain storage container D, and the container identification means D1 is provided in the information holding means D2, so that the information of the stored grain can be input and held in correspondence with the grain storage container D. Further, when the grains stored in the grain storage container D are loaded into the grain dryer B, it is possible to retrieve the transport information corresponding to the grain storage container D by the container specifying means D1 and the information holding means D2.

In this case, when the information holding means D2 that needs to be handled as an information device is configured separately from the grain storage container D, the grain storage container D is handled while ensuring the handling as a moving medium including storage of grains. It is possible to secure information linkage by easy container identification. In addition, the information holding means D2 such as a storage device has a three-point access configuration for combining, receiving and recording, or two points for moving and fixing regardless of the number of moving media. The equipment can be simplified.

As for the information medium of the harvesting and drying system, in the combine, the data of harvesting work is stocked in the SD memory card of the mobile terminal by wirelessly linking the machine, the office computer and the mobile terminal, and the grain dryer is equipped with the tablet terminal. The machine C2 is permanently installed and data is stored in the tablet terminal by wireless communication between the machine, the office computer and the tablet terminal.

When the work on the combine is completed, the SD memory card is installed on the tablet terminal of the grain dryer from the mobile terminal brought back, and the operation data of the combine can be managed. Just by adding one tablet terminal to this using your existing mobile terminal, you can reduce the cost of multiple tablet terminals required for combine combine and dryer for simultaneous use and harvest drying The system can be configured.

(Communication configuration)
Next, information communication with a plurality of grain dryers will be described.
In the conventional communication configuration, it is necessary to perform pairing between the communication device on the grain dryer side and the tablet terminal, and to provide a communication device for each of the multiple grain dryers for selective connection by connection/disconnection. There was a cost burden for the number of installed communication devices.

In order to substantially reduce the cost of the communication device in the standby state, as shown in the block diagram of the information communication with the plurality of grain dryers B... As shown in FIG. The communicator C3 to be switched is configured to be able to switch the wired connection with the plurality of grain dryers B... by the switch C4.

The data constantly transmitted from the controllers of the plurality of grain dryers B... Is selected by the switching device C4 and connected to the communication device C3, and the change of the machine information is separated by the tablet device C2 which is always connected to the communication device C3. Since multiple units can be switched and connected by updating the data as the grain dryer B, the data collection of all grain dryers B... in comparison with the conventional configuration when there are two or more grain dryers. Is possible at low cost.

For management by field, all combine A data are stored in an SD memory card, which is brought back and connected to a tablet terminal on the grain drying side, enabling unified management based on the field. In this way, by centrally managing via the SD memory card, it is possible to freely control the simultaneous achievement system of high quality and labor saving, the yield and the ingredients, and the traceability management allows not only rice cultivation but also vegetable cultivation. Will be able to support agriculture.

In addition, short-distance wireless communication between the harvesting drying system and the components transmits the harvesting data to the receiver of the truck that conveys the grain harvested by the combine to the dryer, and this harvesting data is sent when the harvesting data is transferred to the dryer. Configure to send to the system with.

In this way, by centrally managing each field using the receiver as a medium, it is possible to freely control the simultaneous achievement system of high quality and labor saving and yield/ingredients. Support is possible.

Next, data processing using a two-dimensional barcode will be described.
A printer is installed in the combine, when the harvested grains are discharged to the truck, the harvest data is output from the printer as a two-dimensional barcode, and when the truck is brought into the dryer, the two-dimensional barcode is read by the tablet terminal of the dryer. By configuring the harvest data to be transferred to the dryer, it is possible to centrally manage the data from the combine to the dryer by automatically reading the paper data by a general printing system.

(Grain drying side)
Next, for delivery to the grain dryer in the grain harvesting/drying system, a receipt of the cargo of the transport truck and a delivery note to the dryer are provided.
Regarding the delivery procedure, by selecting "delivery" on the top screen of the dryer in Fig. 8(a), touch and input the name and product type, and upon completion of the input, on the input destination determination screen in Fig. 8(b), in the column A When the operator of the dryer confirms the input name/product type and the stamped time display in the B column, and confirms the dryer of the input destination in the C column by touch input, the data is moved to the top screen and D The screen is controlled so that the top screen is displayed by pressing the "Return" button in the column.

In this way, the name of the producer is entered at the time of carry-in, and the dryer operator specifies the dryer to transfer the necessary data, reducing duplication of work and reducing the number of man-hours. Can support.

Next, regarding the handling of the moisture data, as shown in FIG. 9 as an example of a summary format of the moisture data, all the moisture data at the time of cutting in the field is summarized by area, and the summary result is provided to the dryer.
The dryer can support the user by determining the comfortable drying speed based on the aggregated information so that the quality is finished, or by providing the optimum drying information on the grain harvesting and drying system.

(Grain dryer)
Next, a schematic configuration of the grain dryer, which is a component of the present invention, will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a front view and a side sectional view of the grain dryer are formed inside the machine frame 1 in the order of a storage chamber 2, a drying unit 3, and a grain collection chamber 4 from above. While the grain is circulated by driving the elevator 5 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the burner, hot air generated by the combustion of the burner 6 and the suction fan 7 is blown in the drying unit 3 to be dried. The grain outlet of the drying section 3 is provided with a feeding drum 8 for flowing a predetermined amount of grain while rotating in the forward and reverse directions, and the fed grain is received by the lower transfer device 9 of the grain collecting chamber 4 leading to the elevator 5, and the elevator is moved. By supplying it to the diffusion plate 11 of the storage chamber 2 by the upper transfer device 10 connected to the upper side of 5, the overhanging grain is uniformly accumulated and stored on the entire surface of the storage chamber 2. The stake amount measuring device 2a provided in the storage chamber 2 can grasp the swell amount by measuring the height position of the piled grain upper surface.

The grain circulation mechanism such as the burner 6 and the elevator 5 is performed by a computer including a memory that stores a control program necessary for operation control, various data, and the like. That is, the control panel 12 is provided with a liquid crystal type display unit 13 as shown in the control panel sketch diagram in FIG. 12, and pushbutton type switches 14 to 17 and a stop are provided along the lower edge of the display unit 13. The switch 18 is arranged and configured. The functions of these switches 14 to 17 are displayed on the display unit 13. In the illustrated example, the switches 14 to 17 function in sequence as switches for operation of staking, ventilation, drying, and discharging, and are different according to the screen change of the display unit 13. It is a structure that can be provided with a function.

The built-in control unit receives the switch information of the operation panel 12 and the detection information from the sensors arranged in each part of the dryer frame 1 and performs predetermined arithmetic processing to control the burner combustion amount and start the grain circulation system. -Stop control, display content control of the display unit 13 and the like are performed. The switches of the operation panel 12 can be used to set various settings such as sticking, drying, discharging and ventilation, as well as grain type, target moisture for drying (finishing moisture), amount of sticking, increase/decrease of timer, and the like.

An outline of operation control of the grain dryer having the above configuration will be described.
The above-mentioned grain dryer sequentially performs drying processing up to a drying target moisture by a drying circulation operation in which drying hot air is supplied to the drying unit 3 along a set drying speed while circulating the grains stretched in the storage chamber 2. The operation control unit 19 is configured to change the moisture value of the grain at a plurality of different timings according to the amount of the swelling during one circulation of the swelling grain in the storage chamber 2. To measure the degree of moisture unevenness from the vertical moisture content distribution of the swelling grain obtained by this one-round measurement, and to converge this moisture unevenness within a predetermined width by circulating the grain. The planned circulation time required for the above is calculated, and the dry circulation operation is performed at the drying speed that reaches the drying target moisture in the planned circulation time.

The operation control unit 19 calculates a planned circulation time required for the convergence based on the longitudinal moisture unevenness obtained by one round measurement of the swelling grain, and performs the dry circulation operation up to the drying target moisture for this planned circulation time. Therefore, appropriate operation control is performed up to the drying target moisture according to the circulation time required to eliminate the moisture unevenness, and the moisture unevenness can be converged at the same time as the finish of drying.

Further, when the planned circulation time H exceeds the slowest drying time H3 determined by the slowest drying speed, the operation control unit 19 sets the difference between the two times as the ventilation circulation time K for the supplementary circulation. Ventilation circulation operation is performed to circulate grains in a ventilated state.

In this case, the grain is dried by the slowest drying circulation operation to the drying target moisture value, and the necessary circulation time is secured by the circulation operation combined with the ventilation circulation operation that continues to the subsequent ventilation circulation time. Even if the drying time cannot be extended in a dry state close to the drying target, it is possible to converge moisture unevenness by the circulation operation without causing overdrying.

In addition, as the operation control when the grain moisture is close to the drying target moisture, the operation control unit 19 performs a plurality of times according to the amount of extension during one circulation of the extension grain in the storage chamber 2 after the start of the dry circulation operation. One round measurement is performed to measure the moisture value of the grain at different timings, and the degree of moisture unevenness is grasped from the vertical direction moisture value distribution Mn of the swelling grain obtained by this one round measurement, The configuration is such that the expected circulation time H required to converge within a predetermined width due to the circulation of particles is calculated, and after measuring the water content equal to or less than the target set water content value Mset during the one-round measurement, the remaining measurement ventilation ventilation operation state In addition, if necessary, after one round measurement during the ventilation circulation operation, if the total moisture Ms due to the average processing exceeds the target set moisture value Mset, the scheduled circulation time H dry circulation operation with dry hot air is performed. When the target set moisture value Mset is not exceeded, the ventilation circulation operation by the planned circulation time H ventilation is performed.

In this way, when measuring the layer that has reached the drying target in the overwhelmed grain, it is necessary to grasp the state of moisture unevenness while preventing partial overdrying by performing ventilation circulation operation during measurement. Further, by performing the dry circulation operation based on the above criteria, it is possible to quickly dry while converging moisture unevenness while preventing non-drying and overdrying.

A combine A1 harvested mass detection means A2 harvested grain moisture meter B grain dryer B1 loading capacity detection means B2 drying operation time calculation means C communication means D grain storage container D1 container identification means D2 information holding means

Claims (4)

A combine means (A) for harvesting a grain, a grain dryer (B) for drying hot air while circulating and mixing a stake grain, and a communication means for linking information between the combine (A) and the grain dryer (B). In the grain harvesting and drying system consisting of (C),
The harvested mass detection means (A1) for detecting the harvested mass of the grain by the combine (A), and the stake capacity detection means (B1) for detecting the spilled grain capacity of the grain dryer (B) are provided. When the harvested grain from the combine (A) is loaded into the grain dryer (B), the grain dryer (B) detects the grain detected from the combine (A) by the harvested mass detection means (A1). While obtaining the harvested mass of, the amount of stake in the stakeout is detected by the stake capacity detecting means (B1), and the actual specific gravity of the harvested mass is calculated from the detected stake amount and the obtained harvested mass. Using this actual specific gravity and without using the data of the water content, the tension from the amount of grain in the grain detected by the volume detecting means (B1) to the limit of the grain dryer (B). The slack margin amount is converted into a slack margin mass, and the slack margin mass is transmitted to the combine (A) by the communication means (C) .
Providing a plurality of the grain dryers (B),
The communication means (C) communicatively connects the plurality of grain dryers (B) to the tablet terminal (C2), respectively, and communicates with the grain dryer (B) via the tablet terminal (C2). A grain harvesting and drying system characterized by being configured to communicate with a combine (A) . Drying operation required for the drying process including moisture unevenness based on the moisture content of the harvested grain moisture meter (A2) for detecting the moisture value of the harvested grain of the combine (A) and the grain grain of the grain dryer (B). A drying operation time calculating means (B2) for calculating time is provided, and the drying operation time calculating means (B2) is used to calculate the amount of water and the moisture value for each extension of the grain dryer (B) from the grain dryer. The grain harvesting/drying system according to claim 1, wherein the drying operation time of the grain (B) is calculated. The combine (A) includes a display unit that indicates the operating status of the plurality of grain dryers (B), and the display unit displays the height of the grain dryer (B) according to the height of each panel and window shown in the graphic. The grain harvesting and drying system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein each of the surplus weights to be stretched is displayed so as to be visually comprehensible . The information storage medium (D2) is provided with a grain storage container (D) that stores the harvested grain of the combine (A) and an information storage medium (D2) that stores information on the stored grain in an input/output manner. The grain harvesting/drying system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a grain identifying means (D1) is provided to identify the corresponding grain container (D).