JP6708325B2 - PM2.5 classifier for high volume air sampler installation - Google Patents
PM2.5 classifier for high volume air sampler installation Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、大気環境・産業環境・労働環境の測定観測のため、大気中の微粒子を採取するのに一般的に使用されている通常型のハイボリューム・エアサンプラーを利用し、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルター上に当該フィルターを覆うように装着するだけでＰＭ２.５粒子を捕集できるようにしたハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器に関するものである。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention utilizes a high volume air sampler of a normal type generally used for collecting fine particles in the atmosphere for measurement and observation of the atmospheric environment, industrial environment and labor environment. The present invention relates to a PM2.5 classifier for mounting a high volume air sampler, which enables PM2.5 particles to be collected by simply mounting the filter on an air particulate collection filter of a sampler so as to cover the filter.
従来、公害対策として大気中に浮遊する粒子状物質の発生源の追跡や、人体に有害な微量成分量を測定するために、大気中に浮遊する粒子状物質を大量に集めて化学組成を測定する必要があり、この目的のため、捕集流量が４５０リットル毎分以上あり、広い面積（約４００平方センチメートル）を持つ大気微粒子捕集フィルターを装着したハイボリューム・エアサンプラーが使用されてきた。
米国では、１９９７年に環境基準が改定されてＰＭ２.５の環境基準値が追加され、フィルター捕集による２４時間測定を標準測定法（ＦＲＭ：U.S.Federal Reference Method）としている。この測定法は、ブロワーで大気を吸引した空気の流れを曲げ、粒径の大きい粒子は慣性で曲がりきれずに流れから外れ、粒径の小さい粒子は流れに乗って曲がりそのまま進むという原理を使い、粒径によって粒子を分級して捕集フィルターで捕集するものである。粒径には、空気力学径が用いられ、ＰＭ２.５の場合には、空気力学径が２.５マイクロメートルとなる粒子のことであり、ローボリューム・エアサンプラー（捕集流量１６.６リットル毎分、捕集面積１２.５平方センチメートル）により捕集フィルターへの２４時間捕集が実施される。ここで、ＰＭ２.５では、測定原理上２.５マイクロメートル以下の粒子だけが分級されるわけではなく、粒径別の透過率が５０％となる粒径（空気力学径）が２.５マイクロメートルとなる粒子のことをさす。
なお、粒径別の透過率が５０％となる粒径（空気力学径）が２.５マイクロメートルとなる粒子のことを、以下、「ＰＭ２.５」と記載することとし、ＰＭ２.５分級器は、ＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２．５マイクロメートル）を分級するものである。
一方、我が国では、２００９年９月に、ＰＭ２.５に関する環境基準（微小粒子状物質による大気の汚染に係る環境基準について）が環境省から告示され、その後、自治体等によるＰＭ２.５の測定が開始され、測定結果が発表されるようになった。
Conventionally, as a measure against pollution, in order to trace the source of particulate matter floating in the atmosphere and to measure the amount of trace constituents harmful to the human body, a large amount of particulate matter floating in the atmosphere is collected and the chemical composition is measured. For this purpose, a high volume air sampler having a collection flow rate of 450 liters per minute or more and equipped with an air particulate collection filter having a large area (about 400 square centimeters) has been used.
In the United States, the environmental standard was revised in 1997 and the environmental standard value of PM2.5 was added, and 24-hour measurement by filter collection is used as the standard measurement method (FRM: US Federal Reference Method). This measurement method uses the principle that the flow of air that sucks the atmosphere with a blower is bent, particles with a large particle size move out of the flow due to inertia, and particles with a small particle size bend along the flow and proceed as they are. The particles are classified according to the particle size and collected by a collecting filter. An aerodynamic diameter is used for the particle size, and in the case of PM2.5, it is a particle having an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers, and is a low volume air sampler (collection flow rate 16.6 liters. A collection area of 12.5 square centimeters per minute) provides a 24 hour collection on the collection filter. Here, in PM2.5, not only particles having a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less are classified according to the measurement principle, but the particle diameter (aerodynamic diameter) at which the transmittance for each particle diameter is 50% is 2.5. Refers to particles that are micrometer.
It should be noted that particles having a particle size (aerodynamic diameter) of 2.5 μm with a transmittance of 50% for each particle size are hereinafter referred to as “PM2.5” and classified into PM2.5. The vessel classifies PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 micrometers).
On the other hand, in Japan, in September 2009, the Ministry of the Environment announced the environmental standard for PM2.5 (environmental standard for air pollution caused by fine particulate matter), and then the measurement of PM2.5 by local governments. It started, and the measurement result came to be announced.
ＰＭ２.５の常時監視は、上記ＦＲＭと呼ばれる米国の環境基準に則った粒子捕集装置（ローボリューム・エアサンプラー、捕集流量１６.６リットル毎分）による捕集フィルターへの２４時間の吸引捕集、または、それと等価な値を与える自動測定装置により実施されるが、後者の自動測定装置はＰＭ２.５大気微粒子の質量濃度のみが測定され、また前者のローボリューム・エアサンプラーは捕集流量が少なく、捕集面積も小さい（１２.５平方センチメートル）ことから、捕集されたＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）を構成する化学物質のうち、化学分析に供して金属成分などの微量な組成を調べるには捕集量が少なすぎて困難が伴う。
また、上記の通常型のハイボリューム・エアサンプラーは分級器を備えていないが、粗大な粒子を捕集前に除去するための専用のスリット型のインパクター（慣性衝突分級装置）付ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーが市販されており、同じく市販されているアンダーセン・ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー（柴田科学株式会社製ＡＨ−６００Ｆ）と呼ばれる５段分級のカスケード（多段）インパクターを装着したハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの第３ステージ（５０％分離空気力学径２.０マイクロメートル）を単独で装着して微小粒子を集めることが行われてきた。なお、カスケードインパクターについては特許文献１参照。しかし、これらの専用機を新たに購入するにはコストがかかり、専用機用の特殊な形状のフィルターまたはシートを衝突捕集材として衝突板に装着するため、その製作・手配に手間がかかる。また、アンダーセン・ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの衝突板兼ノズル板と本体取付け部は大きく重く、強風が吹くような屋外において装着や取り外し操作に困難を伴う。さらに、これら専用機は、捕集フィルター上にどの程度の量の粒子が捕集されたのかを目視で確認することができず、現場での判断により捕集時間を延長するといった柔軟な運用を行うことができなかった。
The PM2.5 is constantly monitored by a particle collection device (low volume air sampler, collection flow rate 16.6 liters per minute) conforming to US environmental standards called FRM, and suctioned to the collection filter for 24 hours. It is carried out by an automatic measuring device that collects, or gives an equivalent value to, the latter automatic measuring device measures only the mass concentration of PM2.5 atmospheric fine particles, and the former low volume air sampler collects. Since the flow rate is small and the collection area is small (12.5 square centimeters), it is used for chemical analysis among the chemical substances that make up the collected PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 micrometers). It is difficult to investigate the minute composition of metal components and the like because the collected amount is too small.
In addition, the above-mentioned normal type high volume air sampler does not have a classifier, but a high volume type with a dedicated slit-type impactor (inertial collision classifier) for removing coarse particles before collection. An air sampler is on the market, and a high volume air sampler equipped with a 5-stage class cascade (multi-stage) impactor called Andersen High Volume Air Sampler (AH-600F manufactured by Shibata Scientific Co., Ltd.) is also on the market. The third stage (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.0 micrometer) was independently mounted to collect fine particles. See Patent Document 1 for the cascade impactor. However, it is costly to newly purchase these special-purpose machines, and a specially-shaped filter or sheet for the special-purpose machine is attached to the collision plate as a collision-collecting material, which requires time and effort to manufacture and arrange. In addition, the collision plate and nozzle plate of the Andersen High Volume Air Sampler and the main body mounting part are large and heavy, which makes it difficult to mount and dismount them outdoors when strong winds blow. In addition, these dedicated machines cannot visually check how much particles have been collected on the collection filter, so flexible operation such as extending the collection time based on the judgment at the site is possible. Could not be done.
そこで、本発明者等は、従来広く用いられている通常型のハイボリューム・エアサンプラー（以下、単に「ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー」という）の大気微粒子捕集用フィルターに、そのまま覆い被せて装着できる汎用型のＰＭ２.５分級器を開発し既に出願しており、ＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）微粒子の大量捕集を、低コストで、使い勝手良く実現させたものを先に出願した（特許文献２参照）。
図６に、本発明者等が先に出願した特許文献２記載のＰＭ２.５分級器の平面図、Ａ−Ａ’断面図を示す。図６に示したＰＭ２.５分級器は、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターの上部を覆うようにフィルター・ホルダーに後付けで装着するためのＰＭ２.５分級器であって、側板と、側板の下部から外側にＬ字状に外側に張り出す袴部と、側板の上部を閉じる天板と、天板の中央下部に間隔をもって支持された衝突板とからなり、前記袴部は、フィルター・ホルダーに重ねた状態でフィルター・ホルダーの固定用部材を用いてハイボリューム・エアサンプラー本体に固定するための固定用係合部を有し、袴部下面にはフィルター・ホルダーに重ねて固定したときの気密を確保するシール部材が配されており、前記側板は、透明な材料からなり、前記天板には、中心に衝突板固定部材が固定され、複数のノズル穴が、衝突板固定部材を中心として同心状に、かつ、衝突板の外周位置よりも中心寄りに設けられており、前記衝突板は円板形状で、その中心位置で前記衝突板固定部材により天板から釣り下げ状態に固定されており、衝突板の上面には衝突捕集材が置かれていることを特徴とする。
このように構成された特許文献２のＰＭ２.５分級器は、図７に示すように、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターを覆うようにかぶせ、フィルター・ホルダーの固定部とＰＭ２.５分級器の袴部の固定用係合部とが重なるようにしてフィルター・ホルダー固定用部材（手回しネジ等）で同時に装着できるので、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの本体に何ら加工を施す必要がない。そして、ＰＭ２.５分級器を装着した状態のハイボリューム・エアサンプラーを作動させると、４５０リットル毎分以上で吸引された大気は天板のノズル穴から流入し衝突板に衝突して衝突板の外周方向に流れを曲げられ、このとき慣性により分級されてＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）微粒子がハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターに大量捕集され、粗大粒子は衝突板で捕集される。
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention can cover the air particulate collection filter of a conventional high volume air sampler (hereinafter simply referred to as “high volume air sampler”), which has been widely used, and directly attach it to the filter. A general-purpose PM2.5 classifier has been developed and has already applied for it, and it has realized a large amount of PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 micrometers) fine particles at a low cost and is easy to use. Was filed first (see Patent Document 2).
FIG. 6 shows a plan view and a sectional view taken along the line AA′ of the PM2.5 classifier described in Patent Document 2 previously filed by the present inventors. The PM2.5 classifier shown in Fig. 6 is a PM2.5 classifier that can be retrofitted to the filter holder so as to cover the upper part of the air volume filter of the high volume air sampler. And a hakama portion protruding outward from the lower part of the side plate in an L shape, a top plate closing the upper part of the side plate, and a collision plate supported at a lower central part of the top plate with a space therebetween. , Has a fixing engagement part for fixing to the main body of the high volume air sampler by using the fixing member of the filter holder in a state of being stacked on the filter holder, and the lower surface of the hakama is placed on the filter holder. A sealing member for ensuring airtightness when fixed is arranged, the side plate is made of a transparent material, the collision plate fixing member is fixed to the center of the top plate, and a plurality of nozzle holes are formed in the collision plate. It is provided concentrically with the fixing member as a center and closer to the center than the outer peripheral position of the collision plate, and the collision plate has a disc shape, and is suspended from the top plate by the collision plate fixing member at the center position. It is fixed in a state, and a collision collecting material is placed on the upper surface of the collision plate.
As shown in FIG. 7, the PM2.5 classifier of Patent Document 2 configured as described above is covered so as to cover the filter for collecting atmospheric particulates of the high volume air sampler, and the PM2 and the fixing portion of the filter holder are covered. .5 Since it can be mounted at the same time with the filter holder fixing member (hand screw etc.) so that the fixing engagement part of the hakama part of the classifier overlaps, it is necessary to do any processing on the main body of the high volume air sampler Absent. When the high-volume air sampler with the PM2.5 classifier attached is operated, the atmospheric air sucked at 450 liters per minute or more flows in through the nozzle hole of the top plate and collides with the collision plate to collide with the collision plate. The flow is bent in the outer peripheral direction, and at this time, it is classified by inertia and a large amount of PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 micrometers) fine particles are collected by the high volume air sampler atmospheric fine particle collection filter. The coarse particles are collected by the collision plate.
本発明者等が先に出願した特許文献２記載のＰＭ２.５分級器は、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターに、覆い被せて装着した状態で使用するが、衝突板が平らな円板状であるため、衝突板に一旦捕集された粗大粒子の再飛散が生じるという問題があり、また、再飛散防止のために衝突板上に敷く衝突捕集材シートに添加する粘性液体が平らな衝突板の周囲から下に垂れてハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターを汚染するという問題が生じていた。さらに、衝突捕集材シートにその都度粘性液体を含浸させる作業が繁雑であるという問題があった。 The PM2.5 classifier described in Patent Document 2 previously filed by the inventors of the present invention is used in a state in which the PM2.5 classifier described in Patent Document 2 is attached to the filter for collecting atmospheric particulates of the high volume air sampler while covering it, but the collision plate is flat Since it is in the shape of a circular disc, there is a problem that coarse particles once trapped on the collision plate may be re-dispersed, and the viscosity added to the collision trapping material sheet laid on the collision plate to prevent re-scattering. There has been a problem that the liquid drips down from the periphery of the flat collision plate and contaminates the filter for collecting air particulates of the high volume air sampler. Further, there is a problem that the work of impregnating the collision-collecting material sheet with the viscous liquid is complicated each time.
そこで、上記問題点を解決するために、本発明のハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器では、衝突板の形状を、円板状の外周を上に立ち上げるとともに、天板と衝突板の間隔の調整に前記立ち上げ部が妨げとならないように、天板のノズル面部分を下側に凹ませて一段下げ、衝突板の立ち上げ部が、下側に凹んだノズル面部分より外側の位置で立ち上がるように配置したものである。
すなわち、本発明は、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターの上部を覆うようにフィルター・ホルダーに後付けで装着するためのＰＭ２.５分級器であって、側板と、側板の下部に設けた袴部と、側板の上部を閉じる天板と、天板の中央下部に間隔をもって支持された衝突板とからなり、前記袴部は、フィルター・ホルダーに重ねた状態でハイボリューム・エアサンプラー本体に固定するための固定手段を有し、袴部下面にはフィルター・ホルダーに重ねて固定したときの気密を確保するシール部材が配されており、前記天板には、中心に衝突板固定部材が固定され、複数のノズル穴が、衝突板の外周位置よりも中心寄りに設けられており、ノズル穴が設けられたノズル面部分は下側に凹ませて一段下げてあり、前記衝突板は外周に立ち上げ部を有する円板形状で、その中心位置で前記衝突板固定部材により天板から釣り下げ状態に固定されるとともに、前記立ち上げ部は、前記天板の下側に凹んだノズル面部分の外側寄りの位置で立ち上げてあり、前記衝突板の上面には衝突捕集材が置かれていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器において、前記衝突捕集材は、粘性液体を含浸されたシートまたはゲルシートであることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器において、前記袴部は前記側板の下部からＬ字状に張り出しており、当該Ｌ字状に張り出した袴部には、前記フィルター・ホルダーに重ねた状態で、前記フィルター・ホルダーの固定用部材と係合するための前記固定手段を有していることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器において、前記側板は透明な材料からなることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器において、前記天板に設けられた前記複数のノズル穴は、前記衝突板固定部材を中心として同心状に設けられていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２.５分級器を装着したハイボリューム・エアサンプラーである。
また、本発明は、パーケージに液密に包装された衝突捕集材用粘性液体含浸シートまたはゲルシートであって、当該粘性液体含浸シートまたはゲルシートは中心部に穴を有する円形状シートであり、そのシートの外径は、円板形状の外周に立ち上げ部を有する衝突板の上面に取り付け取り外しがしやすいように、前記立ち上げ部内径より間隙の分だけ小径であることを特徴とする。
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the PM2.5 classifier for mounting a high volume air sampler of the present invention, the shape of the collision plate is such that the disc-shaped outer periphery is raised and the collision with the top plate is performed. In order to prevent the riser from interfering with the adjustment of the plate spacing, the nozzle surface of the top plate is recessed downward and lowered one step, and the riser of the collision plate is lower than the recessed nozzle surface. It is arranged so that it stands up at the outer position.
That is, the present invention is a PM2.5 classifier to be retrofitted to a filter holder so as to cover the upper part of a filter for collecting air particulates of a high volume air sampler, which is provided on a side plate and a lower part of the side plate. It consists of a hakama part provided, a top plate that closes the upper part of the side plate, and a collision plate that is supported at a lower center of the top plate with a gap. It has a fixing means for fixing it to the main body, and a seal member is arranged on the lower surface of the hakama part to ensure airtightness when it is fixed on the filter holder, and the top plate is fixed to the collision plate at the center. The member is fixed, a plurality of nozzle holes are provided closer to the center than the outer peripheral position of the collision plate, and the nozzle surface portion provided with the nozzle hole is recessed downward and lowered by one step. Is a disk shape having a rising portion on the outer periphery, and is fixed in a hanging state from the top plate by the collision plate fixing member at the center position thereof, and the rising portion is recessed below the top plate. It is characterized in that it is raised at a position closer to the outer side of the nozzle surface portion, and a collision collector is placed on the upper surface of the collision plate.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the PM2.5 classifier for mounting the high volume air sampler, the collision trapping material is a sheet or gel sheet impregnated with a viscous liquid.
Further, the present invention is the PM2.5 classifier for mounting a high volume air sampler, wherein the hakama part projects from the lower part of the side plate in an L-shape, and the hakama part projecting in the L-shape comprises: It is characterized in that it has the fixing means for engaging with the fixing member of the filter holder in a state of being stacked on the filter holder.
Further, the present invention is the PM2.5 classifier for mounting the high volume air sampler, wherein the side plate is made of a transparent material.
Further, in the PM2.5 classifier for mounting a high volume air sampler according to the present invention, the plurality of nozzle holes provided in the top plate are concentrically provided around the collision plate fixing member. It is characterized by
Further, the present invention is a high volume air sampler equipped with the above PM2.5 classifier for mounting a high volume air sampler.
Further, the present invention is a viscous liquid-impregnated sheet or gel sheet for collision-collecting material liquid-tightly packaged in a package, wherein the viscous liquid-impregnated sheet or gel sheet is a circular sheet having a hole in the center, The outer diameter of the seat is smaller than the inner diameter of the rising portion by a gap, so that the sheet can be easily attached to and removed from the upper surface of the collision plate having the rising portion on the outer periphery of the disc shape.
本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器を用いれば、一旦衝突板に捕集された粗大粒子が再飛散した場合にも衝突板の外周に形成した立ち上げ部により後段のフィルターへの流入を低減することができる。
また、本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器を用いれば、衝突板の外周の立ち上げ部により、衝突板上に敷く衝突捕集材シートに添加する粘性液体が衝突板の周囲から下に垂れることを防止でき、粘性液体が衝突板周囲から下に垂れてハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターを汚染することが無く、大気微粒子捕集用フィルターで大量捕集したＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）微粒子を化学分析する際に粘性液体による汚染の影響を考慮する必要が無い。
また、衝突捕集材の外径を、衝突板の立ち上げ部内径より小径にして間隙を生じるようにしておけば、衝突板上面への衝突捕集材の取り付け取り外しが容易であり、さらに、前記立ち上げ部は衝突捕集材を取り付ける際の案内の機能も奏するので取り付け操作が容易になる。粘性液体を含浸されたシートまたはゲルシートで衝突捕集材を構成すれば、粘性液体をその都度シートに含浸させる必要が無く、さらにパーケージに液密に包装された衝突捕集材用粘性液体含浸シートまたはゲルシートの形態で用意しておけばより一層簡便となり、含浸むらがなく含浸量も適正に保たれる。
さらに、本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器は、先の特許文献２のＰＭ２.５分級器と同様に、専用機を新たに購入することなく、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーに後付けすることで、ＰＭ２.５微粒子の大量捕集が可能となるので、導入コストが低く、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターの固定具をそのまま利用でき、新たに固定用の部品を要さず、簡単に装着することができる。また同様に、側板を透明にしておけば透明な側板をとおしてハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターを目視できるので、フィルターの色により捕集量の状況が把握でき、大気の汚染の状況によっては捕集時間を延長して粒子捕集量を増やすといった柔軟な運用が現場の判断で可能であり、さらに、衝突板は中心を衝突板固定ねじで支持する構造を採用したので、ノズルを通過した空気が衝突板上で外周方向に流れを曲げられた後フィルターに到達するまで経路上で、衝突板を中心で支持する固定ねじ等の支持構造物にＰＭ２.５粒子が衝突して損失を生じることがなく、衝突板の取り外しが簡単で、衝突板上に置かれた衝突捕集材の交換も容易に行うことができ、さらに、衝突板上に置かれる衝突捕集材は、中心部に穴を一つあけただけの単なる円形のシートであるため、ユーザー側での作成が容易であることはいうまでもない。
If the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention is used, even if coarse particles once collected on the collision plate are re-scattered, the riser formed on the outer periphery of the collision plate can reduce the inflow to the subsequent filter. You can
Further, if the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention is used, the viscous liquid added to the collision trapping material sheet laid on the collision plate is prevented from dripping downward from the periphery of the collision plate by the rising portion on the outer periphery of the collision plate. Prevents viscous liquid from dripping down around the collision plate and contaminating the air volume filter of the high volume air sampler. PM2.5 (50%) (Separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm) It is not necessary to consider the effect of contamination by viscous liquid when chemically analyzing fine particles.
Further, if the outer diameter of the collision trapping material is smaller than the inner diameter of the rising portion of the collision plate so that a gap is formed, it is easy to attach and detach the collision trapping material to the upper surface of the collision plate, and further, Since the rising portion also has a guide function when attaching the collision trapping material, the attaching operation becomes easy. If the sheet or gel sheet impregnated with the viscous liquid constitutes the collision-trapping material, it is not necessary to impregnate the sheet with the viscous liquid each time, and the viscous liquid-impregnated sheet for the collision-trapping material is liquid-tightly packed in the package. Alternatively, if it is prepared in the form of a gel sheet, it will be even simpler, and there will be no impregnation unevenness and the amount of impregnation will be maintained appropriately.
Further, the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention, like the PM2.5 classifier of Patent Document 2 described above, can be retrofitted to a high-volume air sampler without purchasing a new dedicated machine, so that PM2.5. Since it is possible to collect a large amount of 5 particles, the introduction cost is low, and the fixture of the filter for collecting airborne particles of the high volume air sampler can be used as it is, without the need for new fixing parts and easily. Can be installed. Similarly, if you make the side plate transparent, you can see the filter for collecting air particulates of the high volume air sampler through the transparent side plate, so you can grasp the collection amount status by the color of the filter and pollute the atmosphere. Depending on the situation, flexible operation such as extending the collection time and increasing the amount of particles collected can be made at the site's discretion, and the collision plate has a structure in which the center is supported by the collision plate fixing screw. The PM2.5 particles collide with the supporting structure such as a fixing screw that supports the collision plate in the center on the path until the air passing through the nozzle is bent in the outer circumferential direction on the collision plate and then reaches the filter. The collision plate can be easily removed, the collision trapping material placed on the collision plate can be easily replaced, and the collision trapping material placed on the collision plate can be easily replaced. Needless to say, it is easy to create on the user side because it is a simple circular sheet with only one hole in the center.
本発明は、本発明者等が先に出願した特許文献２のＰＭ２.５分級器を改良したものであって、衝突板の周囲を立ち上げることによって、一旦衝突板に捕集された粗大粒子が再飛散した場合にも衝突板の外周に形成した立ち上げ部で後段のフィルターへの流入を低減するとともに、衝突板上に敷く衝突捕集材シートに添加する粘性液体が衝突板の周囲から下に垂れることを衝突板の外周に形成した立ち上げ部で防止するものである。 The present invention is an improvement of the PM2.5 classifier of Patent Document 2 previously filed by the present inventors, in which coarse particles once collected on the collision plate by raising the periphery of the collision plate. Even if the water re-spatters, the riser formed on the outer circumference of the collision plate reduces the flow into the filter in the subsequent stage, and the viscous liquid added to the collision trapping material sheet laid on the collision plate from the periphery of the collision plate. The rising portion formed on the outer periphery of the collision plate prevents the downward hanging.
本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器の一実施例を図１に示す。
図１は、左上図がＰＭ２.５分級器を上から見た上面図であり、右上図が下から見た下面図、左下図が横から見た側面図であり、右下図が上記上面図のＡ−Ａ断面における断面図である。
天板の中心には衝突板固定用ネジ（手回し）が設けられており、これを中心として、同心状に６列設けられた多数のノズル穴が、衝突板の外周位置よりも中央寄りに配されている。天板のノズル面部分は下側に凹ませて一段下げてあり、円板の周囲に立ち上げ部が設けられて成る衝突板は、中心で衝突板固定用ネジにより天板に釣り下げ状態で着脱自在に天板に固定されており、衝突板の外周の立ち上げ部は、天板を凹ませて一段下げたノズル面部分の外側で立ち上げてあり、立ち上げ部が天板に当接しない構造となっている。天板の材質はアルミ製等であるが、天板のノズル穴を高速の気流が通るので、長期使用による穴径の変化を防止できるものであればアルミ製に限定されるものではない。衝突板は、中心で衝突板固定用ネジにより天板に釣り下げ状態で着脱自在に天板に固定され、衝突板の上面には、衝突捕集した粗大粒子の再飛散防止または秤量・化学分析用の衝突捕集材が置かれ、当該衝突捕集材は中心部に穴を開けた円形状シートを用い、シートの製作・交換が容易な構成となっている。衝突捕集材としては例えば石英繊維フィルターにグリセリン等の粘性液体を含浸させたものを用いる。衝突捕集材の外径は立ち上げ部内径より小径にして間隙を作り、当該間隙により衝突板の上に取り付け取り外しの操作を容易にし、さらに、立ち上げ部が取り付けの際の位置決め案内ともなり取り付け操作を容易にする。また、衝突捕集材を、パーケージに液密に包装された衝突捕集材用粘性液体含浸シートまたはゲルシートの形態で用意しておけばより一層簡便である。
天板を取り付けた透明な側板の下部からは外側にＬ字状に張り出す袴部が形成されており、袴部の形状はハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルター及びフィルター・ホルダーの形状に合わせてあり、当該袴部には、大気微粒子捕集用フィルター・ホルダーの上に重ねた状態でハイボリューム・エアサンプラーのフィルター・ホルダー固定用の四隅の固定用手回しネジを利用して固定できるように切り欠き状の固定用係合部が四隅に設けられている。なお、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーへの装着は、図７の従来例と同様にして装着できる。なお、この例ではフィルター・ホルダーの形状が矩形であるため袴部形状も矩形に形成したが、要はフィルター・ホルダーの形状に合わせた袴部形状としてフィルター・ホルダーに重ねた状態で装着できるようにすればよい。また、袴部の取り付けにハイボリューム・エアサンプラーのフィルター・ホルダー固定用の固定用手回しネジを利用して固定できるようにしたが、必ずしもフィルター・ホルダー固定用の固定用手回しネジを兼用する必要は無く、重ねて装着できる固定手段であればよい。
An embodiment of the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention is shown in FIG.
1, the upper left view is a top view of the PM2.5 classifier viewed from above, the upper right view is a bottom view viewed from below, the lower left view is a side view viewed from the side, and the lower right view is the above top view. It is sectional drawing in the AA cross section of.
At the center of the top plate is a collision plate fixing screw (by hand), and a large number of concentric nozzle holes arranged in 6 rows are arranged closer to the center than the outer peripheral position of the collision plate. Has been done. The nozzle surface of the top plate is recessed downward and lowered by one step.The collision plate, which has a rising part around the disk, is suspended from the center by the screw for fixing the collision plate. It is detachably fixed to the top plate, and the rising part on the outer periphery of the collision plate is raised outside the nozzle surface part where the top plate is recessed and lowered, and the rising part abuts the top plate. It is a structure that does not. The top plate is made of aluminum or the like, but the high speed airflow passes through the nozzle holes of the top plate, and therefore the top plate is not limited to aluminum as long as it can prevent the hole diameter from changing due to long-term use. At the center, the collision plate is detachably fixed to the top plate by hanging the screw for fixing the collision plate to the top plate, and on the upper surface of the collision plate, prevention of re-scattering of coarse particles collected by collision or weighing and chemical analysis. A collision trapping material for use is placed, and the collision trapping material uses a circular sheet having a hole in the center thereof, and the sheet can be easily manufactured and replaced. As the collision trapping material, for example, a quartz fiber filter impregnated with a viscous liquid such as glycerin is used. The outer diameter of the collision collection material is smaller than the inner diameter of the rising portion to create a gap, which facilitates the attachment and detachment operation on the collision plate, and the rising portion also serves as a positioning guide when mounting. Make the mounting operation easy. Further, it is more convenient if the collision-collecting material is prepared in the form of a viscous liquid-impregnated sheet for collision-collecting material or a gel sheet that is liquid-tightly packaged in a package.
From the bottom of the transparent side plate to which the top plate is attached, an H-shaped hull part that extends outward in an L-shape is formed. The shape of the hakama part is that of the high-volume air sampler's atmospheric particulate collection filter and filter holder. The shape of the hakama is fixed to the hakama part by using the hand screw for fixing the four corners for fixing the filter holder of the high volume air sampler in a state of being stacked on the filter holder for collecting atmospheric particulates. Notch-shaped fixing engagement portions are provided at the four corners so as to be possible. The high volume air sampler can be mounted in the same manner as the conventional example shown in FIG. In addition, in this example, the shape of the filter holder is rectangular, so the shape of the hakama was also made rectangular. You can do this. In addition, while the hakama part was attached by using the fixing hand screw for fixing the filter holder of the high volume air sampler, it is not always necessary to also use the fixing hand screw for fixing the filter holder. Instead, any fixing means that can be mounted in layers may be used.
（製作例）
図３は、本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器の製作例の全体を撮影した写真であり、図４は、図３の作製例において衝突板を取り外して衝突板の立ち上げ部の構造が良くわかるようにして撮影した写真であり、図５は図４の衝突板の上に衝突捕集材を置いた状態で撮影した写真である。側板が透明であるために、側板を通して内部が透視できるのでＰＭ２.５分級器をハイボリューム・エアサンプラーへの装着した状態で、大気微粒子捕集用フィルターを透視することができ、大気微粒子捕集用フィルターの色で捕集量の状況が把握できる。ＰＭ２.５分級器の側板の下部から外側にＬ字状に張り出す袴部の外寸は２３０×３１０ｍｍであり、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーのフィルター・ホルダー固定用の四隅の固定用手回しネジを利用して固定できるように切り欠き状の固定用係合部が四隅に設けられている。また、側板は厚み３ｍｍの透明なポリカーボネート材の四角筒状で、その外寸は１７９×２３１ｍｍであり、高さが略１００ｍｍである。側板の上部を閉じる天板はアルミ製で、天板のノズル面部分は下側に略４０ｍｍ程凹ませて一段下げてあり、天板の中心には衝突板固定部材（ねじ）が設けられており、これを中心として、同心状に６列設けられた１４０個のノズル穴が設けてある。衝突板は、衝突板固定部材により天板のノズル面部分の下側に吊り下げ状態に固定され、衝突板の外周には立ち上げ部が設けられており、衝突板の立ち上げ部の内径は略１４４ｍｍ、立ち上げ部の衝突板上面からの立ち上げ長さは略１０ｍｍであり、当該立ち上げ部は、天板の下側に凹んだノズル面部分よりも外側位置で立ち上がっており、立ち上げ部内径は、天板の下側に凹んだノズル面部分の外径よりも大きく設定されている。
図２に、本実施例のＰＭ２.５分級器を、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーに載置して吸引流量５２０リットル毎分で用いた際に、ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーの大気微粒子捕集用フィルターで捕集される粒径分級特性を示す。具体的には、本実施例のＰＭ２.５分級器を透過した浮遊粒子の空気力学径と、未透過の浮遊粒子の空気力学径とを測定することにより、各粒子径（空気力学径）ごとの捕集率を計算したグラフである。図２において、横軸がＡｅｒｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃ ｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒ（μｍ）：空気力学径、縦軸がＣｏｌｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ：粒子捕集率であり、グラフから、ほぼ、捕集率０．５が空気力学径２.５マイクロメータであったことが示されており、本実施例のＰＭ２.５分級器を通常型ハイボリューム・エアサンプラーに装着して用いれば、ＰＭ２.５微粒子が大気微粒子捕集用フィルターに大量捕集されることが確認できる。
また、本実施例のＰＭ２.５分級器の衝突板には外周に立ち上げ部を形成してあるため、一旦衝突板で衝突捕集した粗大粒子の再飛散や衝突捕集材に含浸させたグリセリン等の大気微粒子捕集用フィルターへの垂れ落ちが発生しないことが確認できた。
(Production example)
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the entire production example of the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows the structure of the rising portion of the collision plate by removing the collision plate in the production example of FIG. 5 is a photograph taken in this state, and FIG. 5 is a photograph taken with the collision trapping material placed on the collision plate of FIG. Since the side plate is transparent, the inside can be seen through the side plate, so the PM2.5 classifier can be seen through the filter for collecting air particulates when the PM2.5 classifier is attached to the high volume air sampler. The status of the collected amount can be understood by the color of the filter for use. The outer dimension of the hakama protruding outward from the lower part of the side plate of the PM2.5 classifier in an L shape is 230 x 310 mm, and the hand screw for fixing the four corners for fixing the filter holder of the high volume air sampler is used. Notch-shaped fixing engaging portions are provided at the four corners so that they can be fixed. Further, the side plate is a square cylinder of a transparent polycarbonate material having a thickness of 3 mm, the outer dimension is 179×231 mm, and the height is approximately 100 mm. The top plate that closes the upper part of the side plate is made of aluminum, and the nozzle surface part of the top plate is recessed downward by about 40 mm and lowered one step, and the collision plate fixing member (screw) is provided at the center of the top plate. There are 140 nozzle holes, which are concentrically arranged in 6 rows around this. The collision plate is fixed in a suspended state below the nozzle surface portion of the top plate by a collision plate fixing member, and a rising portion is provided on the outer periphery of the collision plate, and the inner diameter of the rising portion of the collision plate is Approximately 144 mm, the rising length of the rising part from the upper surface of the collision plate is approximately 10 mm, and the rising part is standing up at a position outside the nozzle surface part that is recessed on the lower side of the top plate. The inner diameter of the portion is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the nozzle surface portion that is recessed on the lower side of the top plate.
In FIG. 2, when the PM2.5 classifier of the present example is placed on a high volume air sampler and used at a suction flow rate of 520 liters per minute, it is a filter for collecting atmospheric fine particles of the high volume air sampler. The particle size classification characteristics of the collected particles are shown. Specifically, for each particle diameter (aerodynamic diameter), the aerodynamic diameter of the suspended particles that have passed through the PM2.5 classifier of this example and the aerodynamic diameter of the unpermeated suspended particles are measured. It is a graph which calculated the collection rate of. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis is Aerodynamic diameter (μm): aerodynamic diameter, the vertical axis is Collection efficiency: particle collection rate, and from the graph, a collection rate of 0.5 is an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers. When the PM2.5 classifier of the present example was mounted on a normal high volume air sampler and used, a large amount of PM2.5 fine particles were collected by the filter for collecting atmospheric fine particles. Can be confirmed.
Further, since the collision plate of the PM2.5 classifier according to the present embodiment has a rising portion formed on the outer circumference, re-scattering of coarse particles once collided and collected by the collision plate and impregnated with the collision collecting material. It was confirmed that dripping onto the filter for collecting atmospheric particulates such as glycerin did not occur.
本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器を用いれば、衝突板の周囲の立ち上げ部により、一旦衝突板に捕集された粗大粒子の再飛散による後段のフィルターへの流入を低減することができ、また、衝突板上に敷く衝突捕集材シートに添加する粘性液体が衝突板の周囲から下に垂れることを立ち上げ部により防止でき、垂れた粘性液体により大気微粒子捕集用フィルターが汚染されることがない。また、立ち上げ部は衝突捕集材の取り付けの際の位置決め案内ともなり、取り付け操作を容易にし、さらに、衝突捕集材を、パーケージに液密に包装された衝突捕集材用粘性液体含浸シートまたはゲルシートの形態で用意しておけばより一層簡便である。さらに、本発明のＰＭ２.５分級器は、広く普及している通常型のハイボリューム・エアサンプラーに装着するだけで、ＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）微粒子を大量捕集することが簡単に可能となり、大量に捕集すればＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）微粒子の化学物質の組成も衝突捕集材シートに添加する粘性液体の垂れ落ちによる汚染を考慮することなく容易に調べることができるので、例えば、都市大気汚染あるいは長距離輸送によるＰＭ２.５（５０％分離空気力学径２.５マイクロメートル）微粒子の影響評価、産業環境、労働環境での健康影響評価などに利用可能である。 If the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention is used, the rising portion around the collision plate can reduce the inflow of the coarse particles once captured by the collision plate into the filter at the subsequent stage due to re-scattering, and The rising part can prevent the viscous liquid added to the collision trapping material sheet laid on the collision plate from dripping downward from the periphery of the collision plate, and the dripping viscous liquid contaminates the air particulate collection filter. There is no. In addition, the rising part also serves as a positioning guide when mounting the collision trap, facilitating the mounting operation, and further impregnating the collision trap with the viscous liquid for the collision trap which is liquid-tightly packaged in a package. It is even easier if prepared in the form of a sheet or gel sheet. Furthermore, the PM2.5 classifier of the present invention can be installed in a widely used ordinary high volume air sampler, and a large amount of PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm) fine particles can be obtained. It becomes possible to easily collect, and if a large amount is collected, the composition of PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm) fine chemical substances will also be included in the viscous liquid added to the collision collection sheet. Since it can be easily investigated without considering the pollution due to dripping, for example, the impact assessment of PM2.5 (50% separation aerodynamic diameter 2.5 micrometers) fine particles due to urban air pollution or long-distance transportation, industrial environment It can be used for health impact assessment in the working environment.
Claims (4)
側板と、前記側板の下部に設けた袴部と、前記側板の上部を閉じる天板と、前記天板の中央に固定された衝突板固定部材と、前記衝突板固定部材によりその中心を釣り下げ固定されて前記天板の中央下部に間隔をもって支持された円板形状の衝突板とからなり、
前記袴部は、フィルター・ホルダーに重ねた状態でハイボリューム・エアサンプラー本体に固定するための固定手段を有し、前記袴部下面には前記フィルター・ホルダーに重ねて固定したときの気密を確保するシール部材が配されており、
前記天板には、複数のノズル穴が、前記衝突板の外周位置よりも前記中心寄りに前記中心について同心状の複数列の上に設けられて、前記ノズル穴から流入した４５０リットル毎分以上の大気の流れを前記衝突板の外周方向に曲げられるように、
前記ノズル穴の設けられたノズル面部分は下側に凹ませた底部に位置させるように前記天板に直管状の壁部分を与えて一段下げてあり、
前記衝突板は、外周に沿って、前記天板の下側に凹んだ前記ノズル面部分の外側寄りの位置で立ち上げてあり、
前記衝突板の上面には衝突捕集材が置かれることを特徴とするハイボリューム・エアサンプラー装着用ＰＭ２．５分級器。 A PM2.5 classifier for attaching to a filter holder afterwards so as to cover the upper part of the filter for collecting air particulates of a high volume air sampler,
A side plate, a hakama portion provided at a lower portion of the side plate, a top plate that closes an upper portion of the side plate, a collision plate fixing member fixed at the center of the top plate, and a center of the collision plate fixing member that is suspended by the collision plate fixing member. It consists of a disc-shaped collision plate which is fixed and supported at a lower center of the top plate with a space,
The hakama has fixing means for fixing it to the main body of the high volume air sampler in a state of being stacked on the filter holder, and the lower surface of the hakama ensures airtightness when stacked and fixed on the filter holder. There is a seal member to
The said top plate, a plurality of nozzles holes, wherein provided on the concentric multiple rows for the center to the center closer than the outer peripheral position of the impact plate 450 L or more per minute flowing from the nozzle hole To be able to bend the flow of the atmosphere in the outer peripheral direction of the collision plate,
The nozzle surface portion provided with the nozzle hole is provided with a straight tubular wall portion on the top plate so as to be located at the bottom portion recessed downward, and is lowered by one step,
The collision plate is erected at a position closer to the outer side of the nozzle surface portion that is recessed in the lower side of the top plate along the outer periphery,
A PM2.5 classifier for mounting a high volume air sampler, characterized in that a collision collection material is placed on the upper surface of the collision plate.
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