JP6698136B2 - Venting device for fixed ballast compartment of car carrier - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air venting device for a fixed ballast compartment using heavy concrete of a car carrier.

Conventionally, a car carrier drives a type passenger car (RT43L: industry term), a large passenger car (STcar) and an RV (Recreational Vehicle) car, and a large bus and a special dump truck on a predetermined vehicle deck. Self-propelled loading), the center of gravity is controlled and the posture is appropriately controlled so that the cargo is not biased during transportation.
Vehicles loaded by such car carriers are very light (small apparent specific gravity) of the freight transported by ship. For example, water is 1 [m ³ ] = 1000 [kg], while medium-sized passenger cars are Although the weight per unit is 1000 [kg], it is about 15 to 17 [m ³ ] in terms of cargo volume, that is, about 60 to 70 [kg] per 1 [m ³ ]. Therefore, it can be said that a car carrier is a ship that requires a larger cargo volume than tankers.

Therefore, the car carrier must have a very deep (high) ship depth D (height) with respect to the ship length L and ship width B. Instead of water ballast, fixed ballast using heavy concrete, which has a heavier weight, is installed.
However, in a ship using heavy concrete as a fixed ballast as described above, the metals Al and Zn contained in the fine aggregate of concrete react with the alkaline solution of concrete to generate hydrogen gas, and the generated hydrogen is generated. It has been found that the gas causes expansion and damage to the enclosed tank head.

  Therefore, as an example of discharging hydrogen gas generated in a fixed ballast section of a ship equipped with such heavy concrete as a fixed ballast to the outside of the ship, the applicant of the present application has already disclosed JP-A-2005-174628 (Patent No. 5771714). ) Is proposed.

The disclosure of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-174628 (Japanese Patent No. 5771714) relates to an invention title “air venting device for a fixed ballast section of a ship” and “fixing by hydrogen gas generated from a concrete fixed ballast using coarse-grained dust”. An object of the present invention is to provide an air venting device for a fixed ballast compartment of a ship that eliminates the risk of explosion due to hydrogen leakage due to expansion of the ballast compartment and cracking after expansion." 0011), "Concrete fixed ballast using cement concrete fine aggregate containing aluminum (Al) in the metallic state, zinc (Zn) and alkali metal ions reacting with this is contained in a closed tank at the bottom of the ship. and the vessels that will be mounted, wherein the fixed ballast provided air vent pipe opening overboard to the tank that is the enclosed Ru mounted "with the configuration (of the publication claims claim 1 Etc.: Note that the underline is according to the patent gazette), "(1) Even if hydrogen is generated from the fixed ballast, it can be discharged to the outside of the ship, the fixed ballast compartment expands, and the risk of damage to the fixed ballast compartment (2) Also, by eliminating the risk of damage to the fixed ballast compartment, there is also the effect of eliminating the risk of hydrogen leaking from the fixed ballast compartment into the ship." (See paragraph number 0013 of the same publication).

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an air vent device 1a for a fixed ballast compartment of a ship according to a first embodiment of the invention disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015-174628 (Japanese Patent No. 5771714), which is attached as FIG. . In FIG. 5, 101a is an air venting device for a fixed ballast section of a ship according to the first embodiment of the invention disclosed in the publication, 102 is a car carrier, 103 is a ship side skin, 104 is a ship bottom skin, and 105( 205) is a fixed ballast, 106 (206) is a fixed ballast compartment, 107 (207) is a gas phase part, 109 is an air vent pipe, 110 is an air vent pipe head metal, 111 is a sampling valve with a pressure gauge seat , 112 is a ventilation air supply port, and 113 is a draft (note that, in order to clarify that the reference is prior art, the applicant of the present application changed the description to three digits in the hundreds and explained it. , The reference numerals in the 200s are the members and departments described as the prior art of the invention described in the above publication.)

  In the above-mentioned "air bleeder for fixed ballast compartment of ship" shown in FIG. 5, air can be bleeded from the fixed ballast of heavy concrete, but there is only one pipe for air bleeding arranged in the fixed ballast compartment. There was a problem that the efficiency of hydrogen gas discharge overboard was poor. Also, in order to remove air efficiently, it was necessary to install a blower fan and forcibly exhaust air, but from the fear of explosion of hydrogen gas generated, use of an electric fan must be avoided, and hydraulic pressure or There were also problems such as having to use a hydraulic fan.

JP, 2005-174628, A (Patent 5,771,714)

  It is an object of the present invention to provide an air venting device for a fixed ballast section in an automobile carrier that efficiently discharges hydrogen gas generated from a fixed ballast using concrete.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is an exposure deck which is connected to a fixed ballast section of a car carrier having a concrete fixed ballast, and the other end of which is capable of receiving wind as the car carrier is propelled. An exhaust pipe that extends to the top,
The other end of the exhaust pipe is connected and an ejector having an ejector opening that opens in the bow direction, a means for detecting the wind direction provided on the top of the ejector, and the ejector opening is constantly directed to the wind direction based on the detection result. An air bleeding device for a fixed ballast compartment of a car carrier having directional control means .
The invention according to claim 2 of the present application is, in the air venting device for a fixed ballast section of a car carrier according to claim 1, connected to the fixed ballast section, and the other end of which is outside the boarding deck upper position of the car carrier. It has an intake pipe connected to an intake pipe headpiece attached to the opening of the plate.
Further, the invention according to claim 3 of the present application is, in an air venting device for a fixed ballast section of a car carrier, connected to a fixed ballast section of a car carrier equipped with a concrete fixed ballast, and the other end of which receives wind along with the propulsion of the car carrier. Exhaust pipe that extends to the possible exposure deck, the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected, and the ejector that has an ejector opening that opens in the bow direction, and the wind blown from the ejector opening is exhausted as it is. The exhaust pipe has an intake pipe that functions as an intake pipe to the fixed ballast compartment by a valve mechanism leading to the pipe.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.
(1) Even if hydrogen is generated from the fixed ballast, it can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the ship, and there is an effect that there is no risk that the fixed ballast section expands and the fixed ballast section is damaged. (2) Further, since there is no danger that the fixed ballast compartment will be damaged, there is also an effect that there is no danger of hydrogen leaking from the fixed ballast compartment.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an air vent device for a fixed ballast section of an automobile carrier according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the ejector 9 used in the air vent device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a joint arrangement of the ship-side outer plate 103 in the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the opening 2 opened therein, and the intake pipe head metal 3 attached to the opening 2. It is a figure which shows an outline. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a modified example in which an air vent pipe headpiece is provided in place of the ejector 9 in the air vent device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an air venting device for a fixed ballast section of a ship according to a first embodiment of the invention disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015-174628 (Japanese Patent No. 5771714) as FIG. 1.

  An embodiment for carrying out an air venting device for a fixed ballast section of an automobile carrier according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an air vent device for a fixed ballast compartment of a car carrier according to the present invention, and reference numeral 1 is the entire air vent device for a fixed ballast compartment of a car carrier according to the present embodiment 1. In general, 2 is an opening opened in the outer shell of the ship, 3 is an intake pipe headpiece, 4 is an intake pipe, 5 is a boarding deck, 6 is an exhaust pipe, and 7 is an accommodation deck (accommodation deck: ACCOM.DK), 8 is a sampling valve, 9 is an ejector for exhausting hydrogen gas to the outside of the ship, 10 is a bend in the pipe, 11 is a rainwater pool, and the other reference numeral 103 is the ship-side outer plate, Reference numeral 105 is the same fixed ballast, 106 is the same fixed ballast section, and 107 is the same vapor phase portion, which are the same departments/members described in FIG. In FIG. 1, the hydrogen gas mixed air discharged to the outside of the ship is indicated by a thick arrow, the flow of the outside air is indicated by a dotted arrow, and the bow direction is indicated by a thin arrow.

  As is clear from FIG. 1, unlike the conventional air vent device 101a shown in FIG. 5, the air vent device 1 for a fixed ballast section of a car carrier according to the first embodiment is different from the conventional air vent device 101a shown in FIG. That is, the exhaust system piping that naturally discharges is provided. That is, the exhaust pipe 6 is connected to the gas phase portion 107 of the fixed ballast section 106, and the ejector 9 connected to the exhaust pipe 6 causes the exhaust gas to be exhausted along with the propulsion of the ship. Yes (exhaust emissions associated with ship propulsion will be described later).

  On the other hand, since the gas phase portion 107 is not exhausted only by the exhaust system piping, in the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. An intake system pipe is arranged in the compartment 106 so that the gas phase portion 107 is inhaled (the outline of the intake system pipe will also be described in detail later).

First, the characteristic exhaust system piping in the air vent device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment will be described.
The exhaust pipe 6 is connected to the ejector 9 arranged above the living deck 7, which is one of the exposed decks that can receive the wind driven by the ship. The air venting device 1 for a fixed ballast compartment of a car carrier according to the first embodiment enables air discharge (air venting) of the gas phase portion 107 of the fixed ballast compartment 106 by using wind force received as the ship is propelled. Since it is a troublesome thing, it needs to be attached to a place such as an exposed deck where wind can be received. That is, since the ejector 9 used in the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment is opened in the bow direction, as will be described later, the outside air is exposed as the ship advances. The pressure difference that flows into the ejector 9 and is generated by a throttle portion to be described later causes a negative pressure for suction inside the ejector 9 due to the pressure difference generated inside, and the negative pressure causes the fixed ballast. It has a structure and function of discharging the air mixed with hydrogen gas generated from 105 to the outside of the ship.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ejector 9 used in the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 6 is the exhaust pipe, and 9 is the exhaust pipe. Ejector, 9a is an ejector opening, 9b is an ejector throttle pipe, 9c is an ejector cylinder pipe, 9d is an ejector intake pipe, 9e is a flange, and a thick arrow is an inflow of outside air as the ship advances, The thin arrows indicate the flow of air mixed with hydrogen.

  As is apparent from FIG. 2, the ejector 9 used in the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment has a shape in which a cylinder is connected to a rear portion of a sideways truncated cone shape as a whole. Yes, the ejector opening 9a is connected to a position corresponding to the lower bottom of the ejector throttle pipe 9b, the ejector cylinder pipe 9c is connected to a position corresponding to the upper bottom, and the ejector intake pipe 9d that is orthogonal to the ejector cylinder pipe 9c from below is provided. It has a continuous structure.

  In the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the car carrier according to the first embodiment, the narrowing coefficient of the ejector throttle pipe 9b is about 100 mmφ with respect to the opening of about 200 mmφ, and the ejector throttle pipe 9b is used. As is clear from the thick arrow shown, the outside air that has flowed in through the ejector opening 9a exits from the opposite side of the ejector cylinder pipe 9c.

  In other words, the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast compartment of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment is provided with the ejector 9 for the exhaust from the fixed ballast compartment 106 instead of the air vent pipe head metal 110 shown in FIG. By doing so, the hydrogen-containing air generated from the fixed ballast 105 is forcibly discharged by the negative pressure generated as the ship advances. That is, in the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the ejector 9 is connected to generate a negative pressure in the exhaust pipe 6, and the negative pressure causes the fixed ballast section 106 to be generated. It can be said that it is characterized in that it incorporates the idea of natural ventilation, in which the hydrogen gas-mixed air that is generated in 1 is naturally exhausted.

  Then, as is clear from FIG. 1, the ejector opening 9a is located at an upper position of the accommodation deck (accommodation deck: ACCOM.DK) 7 so that the ejector opening 9a faces in the bow direction (the traveling direction of the ship). Since it is arranged (open), outside air flows into the ejector 9 through the ejector opening 9a as the ship advances, and then the outside air that has been narrowed down comes from the opposite side of the ejector cylinder pipe 9c. When it is released, the pressure is reduced after compression, and a negative pressure is generated at the open end of the ejector intake pipe 9d due to the principle of the atomizer (Venturi effect) due to this pressure difference, and this negative pressure causes a negative pressure inside the ejector intake pipe 9d. The structure is such that the air is discharged together with the outside air.

  In the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the ejector opening 9a of the ejector 9 is always arranged so as to be open in the bow direction, and is generated as the ship advances. Although it is possible to naturally aspirate by generating a negative pressure by the wind force, the traveling direction of the ship and the wind direction received by the ship do not necessarily coincide with each other. Therefore, for example, the wind direction is detected above the ejector 9. An ejector which is provided with an anemoscope (not shown) and is controlled so that the ejector opening 9a is always opened with respect to the wind direction of the anemometer may be used.

  Further, in the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the air bend 10 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 6 and vertically below the air bend 10. The rainwater sump 11 is arranged to temporarily store rainwater flowing from the ejector opening 9a and appropriately open a valve (not shown) to drain the rainwater. The sampling valve 8 is arranged at an appropriate place for convenience of operation such as on the living deck 7, and a portable gas measuring instrument is connected to the sampling valve 8 at an appropriate time to discharge hydrogen gas in the air. The concentration can be measured.

In the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast compartment of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the exhaust of the fixed ballast compartment 106 cannot be realized only by providing the exhaust system pipe in the gas phase portion 107 of the fixed ballast compartment 106. .. Therefore, in the air vent device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, in addition to the above-described exhaust system piping, an intake system piping is provided.
The outline of the intake system piping of the gas phase section 107 of the fixed ballast section 106 in the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the intake of the outside air (intake) is performed at a predetermined size above the boarding deck 5 of the ship side outer plate 103. The opening 2 is provided, the intake pipe head metal 3 is connected to the opening 2, and the intake of the gas phase portion 107 of the fixed ballast 105 is realized through the intake pipe head metal 3. .

  Regarding the intake position of the outside air, the upper position above the boarding deck 5 of the ship-side outer plate 103 means that the stability of the ship is secured above the boarding deck 5 even if the ship is tilted. Is always located above the draft of the ship (not shown), and is a position that is the shortest and most optimal position for the fixed ballast section 106 as the outside air intake position that can avoid the intrusion of seawater. Therefore, as the intake system pipe in the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast compartment of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the intake pipe for intake extending from the fixed ballast compartment 106 to the opening 2 of the ship side outer plate 103. 4 is provided, and the intake pipe head metal 3 is provided at the suction port. As a result, the intake pipe 4 of the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the car carrier according to the first embodiment does not need to extend to the upper deck (not shown) of the uppermost layer and the like. Since it is sufficient to extend it to the upper position, the piping distance can be short, which is advantageous especially for a car carrier with a long height.

  The intake system piping in the air venting device 1 in the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment functions only when the above-described exhaust system piping that enables forced exhaust by negative pressure exists. The intake pipe head member 3 used for the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment merely takes in the outside air from the opening 2 of the ship side outer plate 103.

However, since it is necessary to treat rainwater and seawater flowing into the opening 2, the outline of the intake pipe head metal 3 will be described below.
FIG. 3 is a joint arrangement of the ship-side outer plate 103 in the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the opening 2 opened therein, and the intake pipe head metal 3 attached to the opening 2. It is a figure which shows an outline. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 2 is the opening, 2a is a joint flange provided on the ship-side outer plate 103, 3 is the ship-side outer plate mouth-connecting air vent pipe headpiece, 3a is an opening joint flange, and 3b is , Float, 3c, float chamber, 3d, filter screen, 3e, cover, 3f, body, 3g, outside air flow passage, 3h, float support base, 3j, intake pipe joint flange, 4 An intake pipe, 103 is a ship-side outer plate, and an arrow shows a flow of outside air.

  The outside air that is sucked in flows from the opening 2 provided in the ship-side outer plate 103, and then flows into the intake pipe head metal 3 that is joined to the opening flange 3 a that is joined to the opening 2. The outside air that has flowed in enters the intake pipe head metal 3 from the opening joint flange 3a, passes through the gap between the float 3b and the float chamber 3c, and passes through the filter screen 3d and the outside air flow passage 3g. It flows into the intake pipe 4 from the pipe joint flange 3j and reaches the fixed ballast section 106.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the intake pipe head metal 3 used in the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment has the joint pipe 2a provided on the ship side outer plate 103 with the intake pipe. Since the opening joint flange 3a of the down hardware 3 is joined and directly joined to the opening 2 of the ship side outer plate 103, there is a possibility that rainwater, seawater at the time of severe weather, etc. may enter from the opening 2.

  When rainwater or seawater flows into the intake pipe head metal 3, the water level rises, the float 3b floats up in the float chamber 3c, and rainwater or seawater to the filter screen 3d enters the fixed ballast section 106. This is to avoid inflow.

  As described above, since the exhaust system piping that enables the forced exhaust by the negative pressure using the wind force and the intake system piping that enables the intake corresponding thereto are provided, the fixed ballast section of the car carrier according to the first embodiment is provided. Even if hydrogen is generated from the fixed ballast 105, the air venting device 1 can efficiently discharge the hydrogen to the outside of the ship, and there is no risk that the fixed ballast section 106 expands and the fixed ballast section 106 is damaged. By eliminating the risk of damage to the fixed ballast compartment 106, the danger of hydrogen leaking from the fixed ballast compartment 106 is eliminated.

(Modification 1)
The outline of the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment is as described above, but as shown in FIG. 1, even if the functions of the intake system piping and the exhaust system piping are interchanged, Natural ventilation of the fixed ballast compartment 106 can be provided. That is, if a valve mechanism (not shown) that appropriately opens and closes so that the outside air taken in from the ejector opening 9a of the ejector 9 does not escape from the opposite end of the ejector tube pipe 9c, the ejector opening 9a Outside air reaches the fixed ballast compartment 106 as it is, and as a result, the above-mentioned exhaust system pipe functions as an intake system pipe, while outside air flowing through the pipe flows into the gas phase portion 107 of the fixed ballast compartment 106. The air mixed with hydrogen gas is pushed away, and the above-mentioned intake system pipe is made to function as an exhaust system pipe to enable forced ventilation using the wind force of the fixed ballast section 106.

(Modification 2)
In the air venting device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment, the ejector 9 for generating a negative pressure is disposed on the exposed deck such as the living deck 7, but the ejector 9 is replaced with the ejector 9. In addition, an air vent pipe headpiece may be provided.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a modified example in which an air vent pipe headpiece is provided in place of the ejector 9 in the air vent device 1 for the fixed ballast section of the automobile carrier according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 20 is an air vent pipe that is disposed so as to be exposed from the living deck 7 of the exhaust pipe 6, and the other reference numerals indicate the same members and departments shown in FIG. . Further, the intake pipe head metal 3 and the air vent pipe head metal 20 arranged at the tips of the exhaust system pipe and the intake system pipe shown in FIG. 4 are different from each other only in the air flow in FIG. Since they also have the same structure/function, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  According to this modification, although it is not as efficient as the air venting device 1 of the fixed ballast compartment of the car carrier according to the first embodiment of the forced ventilation by natural wind, the gas phase portion 107 of the fixed ballast compartment 106 is efficiently connected. Since the generated hydrogen gas has a structure that escapes to the outside of the ship due to the generation of the differential pressure, it is possible to avoid the risk of the fixed ballast section 106 being damaged by the gas pressure, hydrogen leakage, and the like.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for an air venting device for a fixed ballast compartment using heavy concrete of a car carrier.

1 Air venting device for fixed ballast section of car carrier according to Example 1 2 Opening provided on outer plate of ship side 2a Joint flange 3 Intake pipe head metal 3a Open joint flange 3b Float 3c Float chamber 3d Filter screen 3e Cover 3f Body 3g Outside Air flow path 3h Float support 3j Intake pipe joint flange 4 Intake pipe 5 Boarding deck 6 Exhaust pipe 7 Residential deck 8 Sampling valve 9 Ejector 9a Ejector opening 9b Ejector throttle pipe 9c Ejector cylinder pipe 9d Ejector intake pipe 9e Flange 10 Pipe bend 11 Rainwater pool 20 Tube head metal 101a Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2015-174628 (Patent No. 5771714) discloses an air venting device 102 for a fixed ballast section of a ship according to the first embodiment of the invention, a car carrier 103, a side plate 104, a bottom plate 105 (205) Fixed ballast 106 (206) Fixed ballast compartment 107 (207) Gas phase section 109 Air vent pipe 110 Air vent pipe head metal 111 Sampling valve with pressure gauge seat 112 Ventilation air inlet 113 Draft

Claims (3)

An exhaust pipe connected to a fixed ballast compartment of a car carrier with concrete fixed ballasts, the other end of which extends to an exposed deck where wind can be received as the car carrier is propelled,
An ejector having an ejector opening that is connected to the other end of the exhaust pipe and opens in the bow direction ,
An air venting device for a fixed ballast section of a car carrier, comprising: means for detecting a wind direction provided on the top of the ejector; and control means for constantly directing the ejector opening in the wind direction based on the detection result .   2. The fixing of a car carrier according to claim 1, further comprising an intake pipe connected to the fixed ballast compartment, and the other end of which is connected to an intake pipe downpiece attached to an opening of a ship side outer plate at an upper position of a boarding deck of the car carrier. Air venting device for ballast compartment. An exhaust pipe connected to a fixed ballast compartment of a car carrier with concrete fixed ballasts, the other end of which extends to an exposed deck where wind can be received as the car carrier is propelled,
An ejector having an ejector opening portion that is connected to the other end of the exhaust pipe and that opens in the bow direction,
An air vent device for a fixed ballast compartment of an automobile carrier, wherein the exhaust pipe has an intake pipe that functions as an intake pipe to the fixed ballast compartment by a valve mechanism that directly guides the air blown from the ejector opening to the exhaust pipe.

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