JP2018101475A - Large vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a large vehicle capable of weakening the momentum of drainage of a fuel cell in a configuration in which the fuel cell is disposed above a passenger compartment and suppressing scattering of waste water discharged outside a vehicle to the surroundings.SOLUTION: A large vehicle 100 includes an FC system 2 mounted on the upper side in the direction of gravity from the ceiling of a cabin, a drain pipe 11 and a second tail pipe 20 for guiding drainage from the FC system 2 to the lower side in the direction of gravity of a vehicle body 4 and discharging the drainage from the bottom of the vehicle body 4, and a first tail pipe 10 for discharging exhaust gas from the FC system 2 in a system different from that of the drain pipe 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a large vehicle equipped with a fuel cell.

  In a fuel cell vehicle using a fuel cell (FC) as a power source, the system main part such as a fuel cell stack is generally mounted under the floor of a passenger compartment. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a fuel cell is arranged at the lower end in the direction of gravity at the rear of the vehicle and a fuel tank is arranged on the roof in a large vehicle such as a bus.

JP 2003-149071 A

  By the way, when the fuel cell system is to be applied to a large vehicle such as a bus as described in Patent Document 1, the fuel cell is placed under the floor in order to secure passenger space and divert the body from the engine vehicle. Instead, there is a need to place it above the vehicle compartment, such as on the roof.

  In general, a fuel cell is configured to obtain electric energy by a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in power generation for running a vehicle. At that time, by-product water is mixed with pressurized intake air. A large amount is discharged in the state. For this reason, if the fuel cell is arranged on the roof side of the vehicle body according to the above-mentioned needs, and exhaust and drainage are performed with a single pipe at the bottom of the vehicle body as usual, the wastewater discharged from the fuel cell is reduced. In addition to the force received from the high-pressure exhaust, gravity due to the height difference is also added. For this reason, the momentum of the waste water when discharged outside the vehicle becomes even stronger, and there is a risk that the waste water will scatter around. Considering route buses and airport limousine buses as large vehicles, these buses pass on ordinary roads and pass near pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, etc., and the above-mentioned splash of generated water is particularly problematic.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a large vehicle capable of reducing the momentum of the drainage of the fuel cell and suppressing the drainage discharged outside the vehicle from being scattered around in the configuration in which the fuel cell is disposed above the passenger compartment. The purpose is to do.

  A large vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention includes a fuel cell mounted on the upper side in the gravitational direction from the passenger compartment ceiling, and guides drainage from the fuel cell to the lower side in the gravitational direction of the vehicle body. And a discharge pipe for discharging the exhaust from the fuel cell in a separate system from the drain pipe.

  According to this aspect, by making the exhaust pipe separate from the drain pipe, it is possible to suppress the force from the high-pressure exhaust from being applied to the waste water discharged from the fuel cell. Thereby, also in the structure which arrange | positions a fuel cell above a vehicle interior, the momentum of the waste_water | drain of a fuel cell can be weakened suitably, and the waste_water | drain discharged | emitted out of a vehicle can be suppressed suitably around.

  According to the present invention, in the configuration in which the fuel cell is disposed above the passenger compartment, the large vehicle capable of reducing the momentum of the drainage of the fuel cell and suppressing the drainage discharged outside the vehicle from being scattered around. Can be provided.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a large vehicle according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a top view showing an example of the configuration of the FC system in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the drainage / exhaust system in FIG. 2. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the exhaust drainage system shown in FIG. 3 along the axial direction of the exhaust drainage pipe. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4 and is a cross-sectional view of the muffler. FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating a schematic configuration of a rear bottom portion of the large vehicle. FIG. 7 is a rear view when the rear bottom portion of the large vehicle is viewed from the rear side.

  A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each figure, what attached | subjected the same code | symbol has the same or similar structure.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a large vehicle 100 according to the embodiment. The large vehicle 100 according to the present embodiment refers to a vehicle having a large vehicle size, a long overall length, and a large number of passengers as compared with a general private vehicle, and particularly used as a route bus or an airport limousine bus. A fuel cell (FC) bus. In FIG. 1, the large vehicle 100 is illustrated with the left side of the page being the front side of the vehicle (shown as “FR” in FIG. 1) and the right side of the page being the rear side of the vehicle (shown as “RR” in FIG. 1). In other drawings, the direction of the vehicle is shown as in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a large vehicle 100 has a hydrogen tank 1 mounted on the front side of the ceiling (the front part of the attic of the vehicle body 4) and the FC system 2 on the rear side of the ceiling (the front part of the attic of the vehicle body 4). A (fuel cell) is mounted, and an air conditioner fan 5 for an indoor air conditioner is mounted between them. Here, the FC system 2 is an FC unit ASSY necessary for power generation, such as a fuel cell, an auxiliary machine, a voltage booster, and a cooling system. The drive motor 3 is mounted at the rear end of the vehicle body 4, and the second tail pipe 20 (drainage pipe) is installed at the lower part thereof. The second tail pipe 20 is a pipe that discharges the waste water from the FC system 2, and details thereof will be described later.

  FIG. 2 is a top view showing an example of the FC system 2. In the present embodiment, the FC system 2 includes two sets of FC units 2A and 2B. Each unit 2A, 2B includes an FC stack 6, an FC-DC / DC converter 7, a radiator 8, an intake 22, an air compressor 23, and a water pump 24, respectively. The intake 22 and the air compressor 23 are connected to the inlet of the FC stack 6 and supply compressed air as an oxidizing gas to the FC stack 6. The water pump 24 is installed in a circulation path between the FC stack 6 and the radiator 8 and circulates cooling water through this circulation path. Further, an exhaust / drain pipe 9 for exhaust and drainage is connected from the outlet of the FC stack 6 and branches into a first tail pipe 10 (exhaust pipe) and a drain pipe 11. The first tail pipe 10 is a pipe for discharging the exhaust gas from the FC stack 6, and the drain pipe 11 is a pipe for guiding the waste water from the FC stack 6 to the lower part of the vehicle body 4.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the structure of the exhaust drainage system of each FC unit 2A, 2B will be further described. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the drainage / exhaust system in FIG. 2, and shows an exhaust / drainage system of one FC unit 2A. As shown in FIG. 3, an exhaust drain pipe 9 is connected from the FC stack 6 and branches to a first tail pipe 10 and a drain pipe 11 through a muffler 12.

  Each element of the FC system 2 is attached to the FC system frame 13. The FC system frame 13 is illustrated as a dotted flat plate in FIG. 3, but is a grid-like structure formed by, for example, a rectangular frame and a plurality of beams connecting opposite sides of the frame. . The FC system frame 13 is attached to a roof side rail 14 (see FIG. 4) of the vehicle.

  4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the exhaust drainage system shown in FIG. 3 along the axial direction of the exhaust drainage pipe. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4 and is a cross-sectional view of the muffler. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the inside of the muffler 12 is vertically divided into two by a plate material 16 with slits 16C, and a sound absorbing material 15 is arranged on the upper side and a water storage chamber 17 is arranged on the lower side.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the plate member 16 is composed of a central portion 16A having a semicircular cross section and a flat plate portion 16B connecting the both ends of the central portion 16A to the side walls. The shape of the central portion 16 </ b> A is a shape in which the lower part of the exhaust drainage pipe 9 is eliminated and only the upper part is left, and is arranged coaxially with the exhaust drainage pipe 9. The first tail pipe 10 is connected to the rear end of the muffler 12 where the central portion 16A extends. The first tail pipe 10 is a pipe for discharging the exhaust from the FC system 2 to the outside. That is, the first tail pipe 10 is also arranged coaxially with the exhaust drain pipe 9.

  Further, a plurality of slits 16C are formed in the central portion 16A along the flow direction of the exhaust gas and the waste water. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, each slit 16 </ b> C is formed in a shape that is cut in a direction (vertically below) perpendicular to the axial direction from the uppermost portion of the arc shape of the central portion 16 </ b> A.

  Among the exhaust and drainage introduced from the exhaust drainage pipe 9, the exhaust is introduced into the sound absorbing material 15 through the slit 16 </ b> C of the plate 16, and the drainage is received in gravity and stored in the lower water storage chamber 17. As a result, gas-liquid is separated. At this time, the space of the lower water storage chamber that stores the separated waste water can also be used as an expansion chamber of the muffler 12.

  A drain outlet 18 is provided on the vehicle rear side of the water storage chamber 17, and is connected to the drain pipe 11 from the drain outlet 18. The drainage pipe 11 is a pipe that connects the ceiling side and the bottom side of the vehicle body 4, and guides drainage generated in the FC system 2 on the ceiling side to the bottom side. As shown in FIG. 4, the water storage chamber 17 below the muffler 12 uses the gap between the FC system frame 13 and the roof panel of the vehicle body 4 to provide each element of the FC system 2 such as the FC stack 6 and the exhaust drain pipe 9. It is placed at the lowest position. Accordingly, the wastewater introduced from the exhaust drainage pipe 9 to the muffler 12 can be easily stored, and the wastewater stored in the water storage chamber 17 can be easily guided to the bottom side of the vehicle body 4 through the drainage pipe 11. Has been.

  The large vehicle 100 of the present embodiment is specifically a bus, and the entire length of the vehicle body 4 is long, and the FC system 2 is also arranged long in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, so the muffler 12 is also long in the longitudinal direction. Is preferred. A first tail pipe 10 is connected to the rear end of the muffler 12, and a drain pipe 11 connected to the water storage chamber 17 is connected to the lower side.

  With reference to FIG.6 and FIG.7, the tail structure of the large vehicle 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of the rear bottom portion of the large vehicle, and FIG. 7 is a rear view when the rear bottom portion of the large vehicle is viewed from the rear side.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a water storage tank 19 is disposed at the bottom of the drain pipe 11. As shown in FIG. 7, the water storage tank 19 is formed with an inclined bottom surface so that the center of the vehicle body is lowered when viewed from the rear side. That is, the end of the water tank 19 on the center side of the vehicle body is the lowermost part of the water tank 19. A second tail pipe 20 is connected to the lowermost part of the water storage tank 19. The second tail pipe 20 is a pipe that discharges the waste water from the FC system 2 to the outside of the vehicle. Further, a water jump guard 21 is provided behind the drain port of the second tail pipe 20.

  Next, the operation of the large vehicle 100 according to this embodiment will be described. Since the large vehicle 100 is a so-called FC bus, electric power to be supplied to the drive motor 3 that is a drive source is generated by the FC system 2. Note that the details of the power generation method using the FC system 2 are well-known techniques, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  In the FC system 2, oxygen and hydrogen are reacted in order for the FC stack 6 to generate power, but oxygen is compressed into the outside air and supplied to the FC stack 6. At this time, the supply air that has not been used for power generation is discharged to the exhaust drain pipe 9 together with the generated water generated during power generation.

  Exhaust drainage discharged from the FC stack 6 is introduced into the muffler 12 through the exhaust drainage pipe 9. In the present embodiment, as described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the exhaust drainage introduced from the exhaust drainage pipe 9 is separated into gas and liquid by the structure in which the inside of the muffler 12 is vertically divided by the plate material 16. Can be discharged individually.

  The exhaust gas from the exhaust gas drain 9 introduced from the exhaust drain pipe 9 is applied to the sound absorbing material 15 through the slit 16C of the plate material 16 in order to remove factors that deteriorate NV (noise, vibration) such as pulsation and turbulence. Exhaust noise is reduced by passing through and using the water storage chamber 17 at the lower part of the muffler 12 as an expansion chamber, and then discharged from the first tail pipe 10 provided at the upper part of the muffler 12 to the outside. Is done.

  On the other hand, the waste water out of the exhaust water introduced from the exhaust water drain pipe 9 is affected by gravity, and is stored in the water storage chamber 17 below the muffler 12 without going to the slit 16 </ b> C above the plate material 16. As described above, the water storage chamber 17 of the muffler 12 is one of the elements of the FC system 2 such as the FC stack 6 and the exhaust drain pipe 9 using the gap between the FC system frame 13 and the roof panel of the vehicle body 4. Since it is arranged at the lowest position, it is possible to easily store the wastewater introduced from the exhaust drainage pipe 9 into the muffler 12, and the drainage stored in the water storage chamber 17 is connected to the bottom side of the vehicle body 4 through the drainage pipe 11. It is configured so that it can be easily guided to

  The waste water stored in the water storage chamber 17 is discharged to the drain pipe 11 from the drain outlet 18 provided at the lower part of the muffler 12. The drain pipe 11 connects the ceiling side and the bottom side of the vehicle body 4 through the inside of the pillar at the rear end of the vehicle body 4, for example. Drainage flows through the drainage pipe 11 and into the water storage tanks 19 at the left and right lower ends at the rear of the vehicle.

  As described above, the water storage tank 19 is formed so that the vehicle body center side of the bottom surface is the lowermost part of the water storage tank 19, and the drainage passes through the second tail pipe 20 connected to this portion, and the vehicle body 4. It is discharged outside from the bottom. By lowering the center side of the bottom surface of the water storage tank 19 in this way, the drainage position can be set at the center of the vehicle, and water on pedestrians and bicycles can be prevented. Further, the tail position for draining may be further set on the front side of the vehicle body 4. This further suppresses the momentum of drainage due to a drop from the ceiling, and makes it difficult to drain when conditions such as acceleration and climbing slopes are likely to scatter backward.

  Furthermore, by setting the water jump guard 21 behind the second tail pipe 20, not only can the splash backward be prevented directly, but the air flow X in the lower part of the vehicle is changed downward as shown in FIG. The drainage will not flow backwards.

  As described above, the large vehicle 100 according to the present embodiment guides the wastewater from the FC system 2 mounted on the upper side in the gravitational direction from the ceiling of the passenger compartment to the lower side in the gravitational direction of the vehicle body 4, thereby 4 is provided with a drain pipe 11 and a second tail pipe 20 that discharge from the bottom of 4, and a first tail pipe 10 that discharges exhaust from the FC system 2 in a separate system from the drain pipe 11.

  With this configuration, the exhaust pipe (the first tail pipe 10) is separated from the drain pipe (the drain pipe 11 and the second tail pipe 20), so that the waste water discharged from the FC system 2 can be powered from the high-pressure exhaust. Can be suppressed. Thereby, also in the structure which arrange | positions FC system 2 above a vehicle interior, the momentum of the waste_water | drain of FC system 2 can be weakened suitably, and it suppresses suitably that the waste_water | drain discharged | emitted out of a vehicle scatters around. it can.

  The embodiments described above are for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Each element included in the embodiment and its arrangement, material, condition, shape, size, and the like are not limited to those illustrated, and can be changed as appropriate. In addition, the structures shown in different embodiments can be partially replaced or combined.

  2 ... FC system (fuel cell), 4 ... vehicle body, 10 ... first tail pipe (exhaust pipe), 11 ... drain pipe, 20 ... second tail pipe (drain pipe), 100 ... large vehicle

Claims (1)

A large vehicle,
A fuel cell mounted above the vehicle compartment ceiling in the direction of gravity;
A drainage pipe for guiding the wastewater from the fuel cell to the lower side in the gravity direction of the vehicle body, and discharging the wastewater from the bottom of the vehicle body;
An exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust from the fuel cell in a separate system from the drain pipe;
Comprising
Large vehicle.