JP6693686B2 - Structure of pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile) and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Structure of pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile) and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）の構造と、その製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a structure of a pseudo Ryukyu tile (pseudo Okinawa plaster tile) and a manufacturing method thereof.
従来の琉球瓦（沖縄漆喰瓦）は、差込み尻部を備えた（必要により）上瓦が丸瓦（山部）、又は断熱丸瓦の何れかで、水返しを備えた下瓦（谷部）が平瓦、又は断熱平瓦の何れかで成り、この上下瓦で屋根を葺設し、葺設後に、棟方向の上下瓦の葺合せ接合部と、流れ方向の上下瓦の葺合せ接合部（又は繋目）とに、漆喰を詰めて、雨水の侵入と飛散防止とを図る葺設施工である。従って、手間と費用を要する。 The conventional Ryukyu tile (Okinawa plaster tile) is either a round tile (mountain part) or a heat insulating round tile with an insert bottom (if necessary). ) Is either a flat tile or a heat-insulating flat tile, and the roof is erected with the upper and lower tiles, and after the roofing, the roof joint of the upper and lower roof tiles in the ridge direction and the roof joint of the upper and lower roof tiles in the flow direction The part (or joint) is filled with stucco to prevent rainwater from entering and scattering. Therefore, it is troublesome and expensive.
また、これに関する先行文献として、例えば、特開平８−６０８０２号公報（文献（１））と、特開平９−１９５４４９号公報（文献（２））とがある。 Further, as prior documents relating to this, there are, for example, JP-A-8-60802 (reference (1)) and JP-A-9-195449 (reference (2)).
文献（１）は、女男瓦ユニットを、被せ葺き手法により、屋根全体を葺設する。その後、女男瓦ユニットの漆喰部分に対応する箇所には、白色を着色し、女男瓦ユニットの他の箇所には、赤色を着色する発明である（「００２１」〜「００２３」を参照）。従って、大変な手間と、経験を要する課題がある。 In Reference (1), the roof of the female roof tile unit is covered with a covering method. After that, the portion corresponding to the stucco portion of the female roof tile unit is colored white, and the other portion of the female roof tile unit is colored red (see "0021" to "0023"). .. Therefore, there is a problem that requires a lot of trouble and experience.
また、文献（２）は、屋根ふき材が、カマボコ状の山部と凹溝状の谷部とを交互に形成し、かつ勾配方向にも複数枚の瓦を連続形状した一体型疑似瓦であり、赤茶色のペイントを全面に塗布し、さらに漆喰部分相当する箇所に白色ペイントを塗布し、多数の琉球瓦を葺いて、漆喰で固定した状態に見せる発明である（「００４１」等を参照）。従って、葺設問題解消には有効であるが、着色に大変な手間と、経験を要する課題がある。 Reference (2) shows that the roofing material is an integral type pseudo roof tile in which crest-shaped peaks and concave troughs are alternately formed and a plurality of roof tiles are continuously formed in the gradient direction. Yes, it is an invention in which red-brown paint is applied to the entire surface, white paint is applied to the part corresponding to the stucco part, and a large number of Ryukyu roof tiles are roofed and shown to be fixed with stucco (see "0041" etc. ). Therefore, although it is effective for solving the roofing problem, there is a problem that coloring requires a great deal of labor and experience.
上記の大変な手間と、経験を要する課題を解消しつつ、より琉球瓦に近い、擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）を提供する。 Provide a pseudo Ryukyu roof tile (pseudo Okinawa plaster roof tile) that is closer to the Ryukyu roof tile while solving the above-mentioned great labor and problems that require experience.
その概要は、請求項１〜請求項５に記載されている。
The outline is described in claims 1 to 5 .
請求項１の発明は、三河粘土で成形した上下瓦でなる擬似琉球瓦素地と、
この擬似琉球瓦素地の前記上瓦の表面で、頭側を除いた三方向、即ち、差込み側、及び棧側の内側と、尻側の内側に形成したＵ形でなる肉盛り擬似漆喰部と、
を備え、
擬似琉球瓦素地を、開閉扉と、空気を吸込む吸込み管と、熱風供給用の焼成バーナと、燃焼空気用の排出口と、を備えた焼成窯で焼成し、
前記肉盛り擬似漆喰部を除いた上下瓦を素焼きの赤色に、前記肉盛り擬似漆喰部を擬似漆喰色に焼成する構成であって、
前記肉盛り擬似漆喰部を、２〜５ｍｍの肉盛りとする構成とした擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）である。
The invention of claim 1 is a pseudo Ryukyu tile base material composed of upper and lower roof tiles molded from Mikawa clay,
On the surface of the upper tile of the pseudo-Ryukyu tile base material, three directions excluding the head side, that is, the inside of the insertion side and the cauldron side, and the built-up pseudo-plaster part of U shape formed inside the hip side ,
Equipped with
The pseudo Ryukyu tile base is fired in a firing kiln equipped with an opening / closing door, a suction pipe for sucking air, a firing burner for supplying hot air, and an outlet for combustion air,
A structure in which the upper and lower roof tiles excluding the above-mentioned build-up pseudo-plaster part are fired in unglazed red, and the above-mentioned build-up pseudo-plaster part is fired in a pseudo-plaster color,
It is a pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile) in which the padding pseudo-plaster part has a padding of 2 to 5 mm .
従って、琉球瓦に、極めて近い、擬似琉球瓦の提供と、併せて、経年的に強い擬似琉球瓦を提供できる特徴がある。 Therefore, there is a feature that a pseudo Ryukyu tile that is extremely close to the Ryukyu tile can be provided, and in addition, a pseudo Ryukyu tile that is strong over time can be provided.
請求項２の発明は、肉盛り擬似漆喰部は、木節粘土である擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）である。
In the invention of claim 2, the padding pseudo-plaster part is a pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile ) made of kibushi clay.
従って、請求項１の特徴に併せて、経年的に強い擬似琉球瓦であり、従来の琉球瓦を経年的に凌駕できる特徴がある。 Therefore, in addition to the features of claim 1, it is a pseudo Ryukyu tile that is strong over time and can surpass the conventional Ryukyu tile over time.
請求項３の発明は、肉盛り擬似漆喰部は、釉薬により漆喰色を表現する擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）である。
According to the invention of claim 3, the padding pseudo-plaster part is a pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile ) that expresses a plaster color with a glaze .
従って、請求項１の特徴に併せて、経年的に強い擬似琉球瓦であり、従来の琉球瓦を経年的に凌駕できる特徴と、しかも目的とする琉球瓦の色合いを表現できる特徴とを備えている。 Therefore, in addition to the characteristics of claim 1, it is a pseudo Ryukyu tile that is strong over time, and can surpass conventional Ryukyu tiles over time, and is also capable of expressing the desired color of the Ryukyu tiles. There is.
請求項４の発明は、上下瓦は、上瓦と平瓦が一体で成るＳ形瓦である擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）である。
In the invention of claim 4 , the upper and lower roof tiles are pseudo Ryukyu roof tiles (pseudo Okinawa plaster roof tiles ) which are S-shaped roof tiles in which an upper roof tile and a flat roof tile are integrally formed.
従って、請求項１の特徴を具備するＳ形瓦を連想できる擬似琉球瓦の構造を提供できる。 Therefore, it is possible to provide the structure of the pseudo-Ryukyu tile that can associate the S-shaped tile with the features of claim 1.
請求項５の発明は、請求項１〜請求項４の何れか一項に記載の擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）の製造方法であって、
空気供給管からの燃焼空気と、配管からの燃焼ガスとを焼成バーナに導き、燃焼ガスを、焼成バーナの点火で、燃焼し、焼成窯内の温度を上昇する赤色瓦の第１工程と、
第１工程を経て、焼成窯が、９５０〜１１５０℃、好ましくは、１０００〜１１３０℃に達した時点で、焼成バーナを消火し、燃焼を停止し、焼成窯内で冷却する赤色瓦の第２工程と、
で成り、
第１工程の焼成時間が、１５時間〜２５時間で、好ましくは、１８時間〜２０時間とし、
第２工程の冷却時間が、１５時間〜２５時間で、好ましくは、１８時間〜２０時間とし、
た構成の擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）の製造方法である。
The invention of claim 5 is a method of manufacturing the pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa stucco tile) according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Combustion air from the air supply pipe, and the combustion gas from the pipe is guided to the firing burner, the combustion gas is ignited by the firing burner , burned, the first step of the red roof tile to raise the temperature in the firing kiln,
After the first step, when the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the firing burner is extinguished, the combustion is stopped, and the second red roof tile is cooled in the firing kiln. Process,
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours,
The cooling time of the second step is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours,
It is a method of manufacturing a pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile) having the above structure.
従って、請求項１の特徴を達成できる、擬似琉球瓦の製造方法を提供できる。 Therefore, it is possible to provide a method of manufacturing a pseudo-Ryukyu tile that can achieve the features of claim 1.
以下、本発明の好ましい、一実施例を説明する。 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.
先ず、図１−１〜図２−２に示した焼成窯の外観を基に説明すると、１は耐熱構造の焼成窯で、例えば、方形状である。焼成窯１は、扉１ａで開閉される。焼成窯１の内部（室内１ｂ）には、図示しない台車と、台車に積層した瓦素地が収容される。焼成窯１の左右側（手前側と奥面側）の壁１ｃ、１ｄには、多数の燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎと、燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎに繋がり、かつ焼成窯１の室内１ｂに開口した第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｎ（燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎに繋がる燃焼ガス供給口）を付設する。そして、左右側の壁１ｃ、１ｄの第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｎは、例えば、手前側（左側）と、奥面側（右側）の矢視（イ）、（ロ）の幅（Ｘ）方向（左右側の幅）で、かつ矢視（ハ）、（ニ）の高さ（Ｙ）方向（外底面１ｇから天井１ｆまでの高さ）において、原則として、同じ位置に付設される。一例であり、ランダムの場合も有り得る。この一例では、左側の壁１ｃに５か所と、右側の壁１ｄに５か所とし、同じ数とする。しかしながら、必要により、位置、及び／又は、数は限定されない。また、多数の焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎと、焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎに繋がり、かつ焼成窯１の室内１ｂに開口した熱風供給口３０ａ〜３０ｎに第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎを付設する。そして、左右側の壁１ｃ、１ｄの第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎは、手前から奥面方向において同じ位置（左右側の壁１ｃ、１ｄの幅Ｘの位置）で、かつ高さＹ位置に付設される。この一例では、左側の壁１ｃに５か所と、右側の壁１ｄに５か所と、は同じ数とする。しかしながら、必要により、位置、及び／又は、数は限定されない。 First, referring to the appearance of the firing kiln shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 2-2, reference numeral 1 is a firing kiln having a heat-resistant structure, for example, a square shape. The firing kiln 1 is opened and closed by a door 1a. A trolley (not shown) and a tile base material laminated on the trolley are housed inside the firing kiln 1 (indoor 1b). The left and right walls 1c and 1d of the firing kiln 1 are connected to a large number of combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n and the combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n, and a chamber 1b of the firing kiln 1 is provided. Second injection holes 20a to 20n (combustion gas supply ports connected to the combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n) that are opened in the are attached. The second injection holes 20a to 20n of the left and right walls 1c and 1d are, for example, the width (X) direction of the front side (left side) and the rear side (right side) of the arrows (a) and (b). (Width on the left and right sides) and in the height (Y) direction (the height from the outer bottom surface 1g to the ceiling 1f) in the directions of arrows (d) and (d), as a general rule, they are provided at the same position. This is an example, and there may be random cases. In this example, there are five places on the left side wall 1c and five places on the right side wall 1d, and the numbers are the same. However, the position and / or the number are not limited if necessary. Moreover, the 3rd injection hole 31a-31n is attached to the many burning burners 3a-3n and the hot-air supply ports 30a-30n connected to the burning burners 3a-3n and opening in the room 1b of the burning kiln 1. Then, the third injection holes 31a to 31n of the left and right walls 1c and 1d are attached at the same position in the direction from the front to the back (the position of the width X of the left and right walls 1c and 1d) and the height Y position. To be done. In this example, the left wall 1c has five places and the right wall 1d has five places, and the same number. However, the position and / or the number are not limited if necessary.
そして、燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎの下側に焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎを設けた一例を示しているが限定されない。さらには、第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｎ、又は第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎとの噴射と、停止とを、略同時（同じ）とする（一例で有り、限定されない）。 An example in which the firing burners 3a to 3n are provided below the combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n is shown, but the invention is not limited thereto. Further, the injection with the second injection holes 20a to 20n or the third injection holes 31a to 31n and the stop are substantially the same (the same) (this is an example and not limited).
前記第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎからの火炎（熱風）のガードと、熱風、及び／又は、熱風の拡散／上昇等の面、並びに内底面１ｅ（内側底部）に設けられた各遮蔽板５ａ〜５ｎとの関係とか、更には熱風による燃焼ガスの拡散補助等の面から望ましい。しかし、この燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎの下側に焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎを設けた一例には限定されない。尚、図２−１は、焼成窯１に、後述する空気吸込み管９を一本敷設し、例えば、焼成窯１の下段に擬似琉球瓦を製造する例を示してある。しかし、図示しないように、空気吸込み管９を二本〜複数本敷設し、例えば、焼成窯１の下段、中段等の如く、多段（それぞれ）に擬似琉球瓦を製造する例も有り得る。さらには、焼成窯１に、横並びに、空気吸込み管９を二本〜複数本敷設し、例えば、焼成窯１の下段に区画し、中段等に区画して、それぞれ擬似琉球瓦を製造する例も有り得る。 Each of the shielding plates 5a to 5e provided on the guard of the flame (hot air) from the third injection holes 31a to 31n, the hot air and / or the surface of diffusion / rise of the hot air, and the inner bottom surface 1e (inner bottom portion). It is desirable from the viewpoint of the relationship with 5n, and further from the aspect of assisting diffusion of combustion gas by hot air. However, it is not limited to an example in which the firing burners 3a to 3n are provided below the combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n. Note that FIG. 2-1 shows an example in which one air suction pipe 9 described later is laid in the firing kiln 1 and, for example, a pseudo-Ryukyu roof tile is manufactured in the lower stage of the firing kiln 1. However, as shown in the figure, there may be an example in which two to a plurality of air suction pipes 9 are laid and the pseudo-Ryukyu tiles are manufactured in multiple stages (respectively) such as the lower stage and the middle stage of the firing kiln 1. Furthermore, two to a plurality of air suction pipes 9 are laid side by side in the firing kiln 1, for example, divided into the lower stage of the firing kiln 1 and the middle stage, etc., to produce pseudo Ryukyu roof tiles, respectively. It is also possible.
この燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎと、焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎとは、一本の燃焼ガス配管６より分岐する構造とし、設備の簡略化と、経済性向上とを図る。また、第２噴射孔２０ａと、第３噴射孔３１ａとの噴射と、停止とを、略同時（同じ）とする（一例で有り、限定されない）。 The combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n and the firing burners 3a to 3n have a structure branched from one combustion gas pipe 6 so as to simplify the equipment and improve the economical efficiency. In addition, the injection and the stoppage of the second injection hole 20a and the third injection hole 31a are substantially the same (the same) (this is an example and not limited).
図中７は空気供給管で、焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎに空気を供給する。 Reference numeral 7 in the drawing denotes an air supply pipe, which supplies air to the firing burners 3a to 3n.
また、焼成窯１の天井１ｆには、必要により（以下、省略）、燻化用ガス供給管８を配備することも有り得る。この燻化用ガス供給管８の先端には、焼成窯１の室内１ｂに開口した第４噴射孔８０ａ〜８０ｎが設けられている。この燻化用ガス供給管８には、それぞれ制御弁が付設されている。制御弁は、同時、又は適宜の制御弁を、個別、かつ選択して制御することで、擬似琉球瓦の製造をコントロールできて有益、かつ経済的である（他の制御弁も同じ）。 If necessary (hereinafter, omitted), a smoke supply gas supply pipe 8 may be provided on the ceiling 1f of the firing kiln 1. The tip of the smoke supply gas supply pipe 8 is provided with fourth injection holes 80a to 80n opened in the chamber 1b of the firing kiln 1. A control valve is attached to each of the smoke supply gas supply pipes 8. The control valve is advantageous and economical because it is possible to control the production of the pseudo-Ryukyu tiles by controlling the control valves simultaneously or individually and individually and selectively (the same applies to other control valves).
図４−１と図４−２に示した空気吸込み管９は、焼成窯１の外底面１ｇ（外底部）に配管されており、この空気吸込み管９の先端には、室内１ｂに開口した、後述する耐火レンガ９１の第１噴射孔９０ａ〜９０ｎが接続されている。従って、室内１ｂの内底面１ｅより、当該室内１ｂの上方に向って、かつ室内１ｂの全体に亙って、新鮮な空気を供給する。一例では、第１噴射孔９０ａ〜９０ｎの孔詰り防止のために、空気吸込み管９の上に耐火レンガ９１を設け、この耐火レンガ９１の開口孔９１ａ〜９１ｎは、内底面１ｅの上になる。開口孔９１ａ〜９１ｎは内底面１ｅより上方で開口することで、この開口孔９１ａ〜９１ｎの詰り防止を図る。 The air suction pipe 9 shown in FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2 is piped on the outer bottom surface 1g (outer bottom portion) of the firing kiln 1, and the tip of the air suction pipe 9 is opened to the room 1b. The first injection holes 90a to 90n of the refractory brick 91 described later are connected. Therefore, fresh air is supplied from the inner bottom surface 1e of the room 1b toward the upper side of the room 1b and over the entire room 1b. In one example, in order to prevent clogging of the first injection holes 90a to 90n, a refractory brick 91 is provided on the air suction pipe 9, and the opening holes 91a to 91n of the refractory brick 91 are located on the inner bottom surface 1e. .. The opening holes 91a to 91n are opened above the inner bottom surface 1e to prevent clogging of the opening holes 91a to 91n.
前記燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎと、焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎ・空気供給管７の分岐管（焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎに繋がる）とには、図示しないが、電磁弁、又は他の弁機構でなる制御弁（図示しない）が、それぞれ配備されており、制御弁は、図示しない、制御盤の指令で、壁１ｃ、及び／又は、壁１ｄを同時、又は別々に、それぞれの燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎ、焼成バーナ３ａ〜３ｎ等を、個別、及び／又は、全体、或いはグループ毎に入り切りできる。また、室内１ｂには、焼成窯１の空気、燃焼ガス等排気用の排気口１０と、ダンパー１１等を装備する。図中１２は煙突である。 Although not shown, the combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n and the branch pipes of the firing burners 3a to 3n and the air supply pipe 7 (connected to the firing burners 3a to 3n) are electromagnetic valves or other valve mechanisms. Control valves (not shown) are provided, and the control valves are not shown, and the combustion gas supply pipes 2a of the respective walls 1c and / or 1d are simultaneously or separately provided at the command of the control panel. .About.2n, firing burners 3a to 3n, etc. can be cut individually and / or as a whole or in groups. Further, the chamber 1b is equipped with an exhaust port 10 for exhausting air, combustion gas and the like of the firing kiln 1, a damper 11 and the like. In the figure, 12 is a chimney.
前述した焼成窯１の動きを説明すると、燃焼バーナ３ａ〜３ｎ（以下、総称する際には、燃焼バーナ３ａとする）の点火と空気供給管７からの空気供給で、燃焼バーナ３ａの近傍にある生ガスを燃焼し、この燃焼による熱風（及び／又は、火炎）を、上方に位置する燃焼ガス供給管２ａ〜２ｎ（以下、総称する際には、燃焼ガス供給管２ａとする）の（焼成窯１に開口した）第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｎ（以下、総称する際には、第２噴射孔２０ａとする）に向かって吹上げるとともに、熱風を生成し、第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎ（以下、総称する際には、第３噴射孔３１ａとする）より、室内１ｂに噴射して、室温を上げる。その際に、ダンパー１１を、室温と時間、並びに勘を基にして制御し（操作に則り）、順次、開放し、室温調整を図ることで、擬似琉球素地Ａ１の精緻な乾燥と、亀裂、歪み等がないようにして酸化焼成する。この焼成において、木節粘土による肉盛部は、例えば、三河粘土で成形した上下瓦１００、１０１の上に、木節粘土を適宜の厚さで肉盛りして成形する。この木節粘土は、焼成することで、クリーム色に変化して仕上がる。この木節粘土の使用は、釉薬を使用せず、各種作業の容易化と、耐久性の向上と、低コスト化、又は取扱いの容易化等が望める。この木節粘土と下地粘土（三河粘土）との好相性を利用できる。この木節粘土を設けた箇所（肉盛部）が、後述する擬似漆喰部に相当する。焼成は、前述の例に限定されず、例えば、還元焼成でも同じ色合いとなる。 The operation of the above-described firing kiln 1 will be described. By igniting the combustion burners 3a to 3n (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the combustion burner 3a) and supplying air from the air supply pipe 7, the vicinity of the combustion burner 3a is obtained. A certain raw gas is burned, and hot air (and / or flame) resulting from this combustion is stored in the upper portion of the combustion gas supply pipes 2a to 2n (hereinafter collectively referred to as the combustion gas supply pipe 2a) ( The second injection holes 20a to 20n (opened in the firing kiln 1) are blown up toward the second injection holes 20a to 20n (hereinafter collectively referred to as the second injection holes 20a), and hot air is generated to generate the third injection holes 31a to 31n. (Hereinafter, they are collectively referred to as the third injection holes 31a), and are injected into the room 1b to raise the room temperature. At that time, the damper 11 is controlled based on room temperature, time, and intuition (according to the operation), sequentially opened, and the room temperature is adjusted, whereby the pseudo Ryukyu base A1 is precisely dried and cracked, Oxidation baking is performed without distortion. In this firing, the build-up portion made of Kibushi clay is formed by, for example, building up Kibushi clay with an appropriate thickness on the upper and lower roof tiles 100 and 101 formed of Mikawa clay. This kibushi clay turns into a cream color by firing and is finished. The use of this kibushi clay is expected to facilitate various operations, improve durability, reduce costs, and facilitate handling without using glaze. It is possible to take advantage of the good affinity between Kikibushi clay and ground clay (Mikawa clay). The part (build-up part) where this Kushibu clay is provided corresponds to a pseudo plaster part described later. The firing is not limited to the above-mentioned example, and the same color tone can be obtained by reduction firing, for example.
そして、瓦の表面を赤色にする場合には、室温が、例えば、１０５０℃となった段階で、燃焼ガス供給管２ａの第２噴射孔２０ａより、火炎の強弱を、例えば、室温と時間、並びに勘を基にして制御する。尚、前述した如く、擬似琉球瓦の製造に関しては、単独焼成窯の焼成であっても、燃焼バーナ３ａ（入り切り）、及び／又は、空気取込み管９（給停）の制御を行うことで、擬似琉球瓦の独自性等を確保できる。 And when making the surface of the roof tile red, when the room temperature reaches, for example, 1050 ° C., the intensity of the flame is changed from the second injection hole 20a of the combustion gas supply pipe 2a to, for example, room temperature and time, Also, control based on intuition. Incidentally, as described above, regarding the production of the pseudo-Ryukyu roof tile, by controlling the combustion burner 3a (turn on / off) and / or the air intake pipe 9 (supply stop) even in the firing of the single firing kiln, The uniqueness of the pseudo-Ryukyu tile can be secured.
その後、室内１ｂ内に、空気吸込み管９と第１噴射孔９０ａ〜９０ｎ（以下、総称する際には、第１噴射孔９０ａとする）から外気を取込み、順次、冷却を行う。通常は、所定時間（一昼夜）経過後（冷却した後）に、窯出しする。 After that, the outside air is taken into the room 1b from the air suction pipe 9 and the first injection holes 90a to 90n (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the first injection holes 90a), and is sequentially cooled. Normally, the kiln is taken out after a predetermined time (day and night) has passed (after cooling).
図５に示したグラフと、赤色を焼成する際の、好ましい一例を説明すると、焼成窯１の外底面１ｇ下の空気吸込み管９からの空気を、第１噴射孔９０ａより焼成窯１に供給するとともに、空気供給管７からの燃焼用空気と、配管６に繋ぐ燃焼ガスとを焼成バーナ筒（符号なし）に導き、焼成バーナ筒の焼成バーナ３ａの点火で、燃焼ガス（各種のガス）を燃焼し、第３噴射孔３１ａから熱風を熱風供給口３０ａより、焼成窯１に吹出し（噴射し）、焼成窯１内の温度が、順次、上昇するが、その時間が、略２０時間である。グラフでは、左上で示されている。 Explaining the graph shown in FIG. 5 and a preferable example when firing the red color, air from the air suction pipe 9 below the outer bottom surface 1 g of the firing furnace 1 is supplied to the firing furnace 1 from the first injection holes 90a. At the same time, the combustion air from the air supply pipe 7 and the combustion gas connected to the pipe 6 are guided to a burning burner cylinder (no reference numeral), and the combustion gas (various gases) is ignited by the burning burner 3a of the burning burner cylinder. Is burned, and hot air is blown out (injected) from the third injection hole 31a to the firing kiln 1 from the hot air supply port 30a, and the temperature in the firing kiln 1 sequentially rises, but the time is about 20 hours. is there. In the graph, it is shown in the upper left.
その後、焼成窯１の室内１０１が、９５０〜１１５０℃、好ましくは、１０００〜１１３０℃に達した時点で、配管６に繋ぐ燃焼ガス供給管２ａの第２噴射孔２０ａより、燃焼ガスを、焼成窯１に供給する。この燃焼ガスは、焼成バーナ３ａにより生成された熱風の上方に供給し、熱風の流れに乗り、かつ勢いが加わり、焼成窯１の擬似琉球瓦素地に向かわせ（所定の箇所に向かわせ）、均一な焼成ができる。また、第２噴射孔２０ａからの燃焼ガスの焼成バーナ３ａの上方への供給、供給量を、自在に制御することで、焼成窯１の多数の擬似琉球瓦素地は、赤色となる。 Then, when the temperature in the chamber 101 of the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the combustion gas is fired from the second injection hole 20 a of the combustion gas supply pipe 2 a connected to the pipe 6. Supply to the kiln 1. This combustion gas is supplied above the hot air generated by the firing burner 3a, rides on the flow of the hot air, and is given momentum, and is directed toward the pseudo Ryukyu tile base of the firing kiln 1 (to a predetermined location), Uniform firing is possible. Further, by freely controlling the supply of the combustion gas from the second injection holes 20a to the upper side of the firing burner 3a and the supply amount thereof, many pseudo-Ryukyu tile base materials of the firing kiln 1 become red.
その後は、焼成窯１と、焼成した擬似琉球瓦Ａを冷却する、好ましい、製造方法を提示する。
１） 焼成時間を、１５時間〜２５時間で、好ましくは、１８時間〜２０時間とする。
２） 冷却時間を、１５時間〜２５時間で、好ましくは、１８時間〜２０時間とする。
３） 焼成窯１のダンパー１１を、焼成時間内に、８％〜３５％で、好ましくは、１０％〜３０％の段階によって、略均等間隔で、開放する。また、冷却時間では、閉鎖する。
４） 焼成時間内において、焼成バーナ３ａを、点火し続ける。尚、燃焼ガスと空気供給管７からの空気との量は、７５〜８５：９０〜１００で、好ましいは、８０：１００とする。
５） 焼成時間内において、焼成窯１が９５０〜１１５０℃、好ましくは、１０００〜１１３０℃に達した時点で、燃焼ガスの噴射量を制御する、当該赤色の擬似琉球瓦Ａの製造である。
６） 焼成時間内において、燃焼ガスの第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｊの数値（１００％の開口に対しての数値）は、
Ａ． 第２噴射孔２０ａ． ３０％〜５０％で、好ましくは、３５％〜４５％
Ｂ． 第２噴射孔２０ｂ． ３％〜１０％で、好ましくは、４％〜５％
Ｃ． 第２噴射孔２０ｃ． １５％〜２５％で、好ましくは、１８％〜２２％
Ｄ． 第２噴射孔２０ｄ． ０％〜４％で、好ましくは、０％〜２％
Ｅ． 第２噴射孔２０ｅ． ５％〜１５％で、好ましくは、８％〜１２％
Ｆ． 第２噴射孔２０ｆ． ５％〜１５％で、好ましくは、８％〜１２％
Ｇ． 第２噴射孔２０ｇ． １５％〜２５％で、好ましくは、１８％〜２２％
Ｈ． 第２噴射孔２０ｈ． ０％〜４％で、好ましくは、０％〜２％
Ｉ． 第２噴射孔２０ｉ． ３０％〜５０％で、好ましくは、３５％〜４５％
Ｊ． 第２噴射孔２０ｊ． ２０％〜４５％で、好ましくは、２５％〜３５％
そして、第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｎ、又は第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎとの噴射を、第２噴射孔２０ａ〜２０ｎを選択的（２０ａ〜２０ｃと対峙する側２０ｄ〜２０ｆ）に抽出し、併せて、望ましくは、第３噴射孔３１ａ〜３１ｎを同時に噴射する構造を採用することで、例えば、焼成窯１内の前側（図１−１において左側とその近傍）に、高熱の燃焼ガスと熱風が流れ易くなり、通常の赤色の擬似琉球瓦が製造できる。
After that, a preferable manufacturing method of cooling the firing kiln 1 and the fired pseudo-Ryukyu roof tile A will be presented.
1) The firing time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.
2) The cooling time is set to 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.
3) The dampers 11 of the firing kiln 1 are opened at substantially equal intervals in steps of 8% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30% within the firing time. It is closed during the cooling time.
4) Within the firing time, the firing burner 3a continues to be ignited. The amount of the combustion gas and the air from the air supply pipe 7 is 75 to 85:90 to 100, and preferably 80: 100.
5) Manufacturing of the red pseudo Ryukyu roof tile A in which the injection amount of the combustion gas is controlled when the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C. within the firing time.
6) Within the firing time, the numerical values of the combustion gas second injection holes 20a to 20j (numerical values for 100% openings) are
A. Second injection hole 20a. 30% to 50%, preferably 35% to 45%
B. Second injection hole 20b. 3% to 10%, preferably 4% to 5%
C. Second injection hole 20c. 15% to 25%, preferably 18% to 22%
D. Second injection hole 20d. 0% to 4%, preferably 0% to 2%
E. Second injection hole 20e. 5% to 15%, preferably 8% to 12%
F. Second injection hole 20f. 5% to 15%, preferably 8% to 12%
G. Second injection hole 20g. 15% to 25%, preferably 18% to 22%
H. Second injection hole 20h. 0% to 4%, preferably 0% to 2%
I. Second injection hole 20i. 30% to 50%, preferably 35% to 45%
J. Second injection hole 20j. 20% to 45%, preferably 25% to 35%
Then, the injection with the second injection holes 20a to 20n or the third injection holes 31a to 31n is selectively extracted from the second injection holes 20a to 20n (sides 20d to 20f facing 20a to 20c) and combined. And, desirably, by adopting a structure for simultaneously injecting the third injection holes 31a to 31n, for example, high-heat combustion gas and hot air are provided on the front side (left side in FIG. 1-1 and its vicinity) in the firing kiln 1. Can flow easily, and a normal red pseudo-Ryukyu tile can be manufactured.
以下、図面に基づいて、好ましい、各実施例を説明する。 Preferred embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図６−１〜図６−３は、上下瓦１００、１０１でなる擬似琉球瓦Ａである。図６−１は、擬似琉球瓦Ａの基となる擬似琉球瓦素地Ａ１であり、丸瓦に相当する上瓦素地１００ａ（以下同じ）と、平瓦に相当する下瓦素地１０１ａ（以下同じ）とで構成する。この上瓦素地１００ａの表面には、頭側１００−１を除いた三方向（左右側（差込み側、棧側）１００−２、３と、尻側１００−４）の内側に、木節粘土でなる擬似漆喰部素地１０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を、膨出するようにして、三河粘土の上に肉盛りを形成する。この肉盛の厚さは、例えば、従来の手塗寸法か、この手塗寸法より厚くする等であり、限定されないが、望ましくは、２〜５ｍｍ程度がよい。理由は、後述するように、太陽光とか、暗闇による立体感覚と、重厚感覚とを備え、かつ高級感を備えた擬似琉球瓦Ａとなることを意図する。そして、擬似漆喰部素地１０２ａは、望ましくは、上瓦素地１００ａより高くなった端面素地１０２ａ−１を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、上瓦素地１００ａの表面の頭側１０１−１を除いた三方向（左右側（棧側、差込み側「被せ側」）１０１−２、３と、尻側１０１−４）の内側に、擬似漆喰部素地１０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を形成する。尚、下瓦素地１０１ａの表面には、水返し凸条１０３を適宜設ける。 FIGS. 6-1 to 6-3 are pseudo Ryukyu roof tiles A including upper and lower roof tiles 100 and 101. FIG. 6-1 is a pseudo Ryukyu tile base A1 which is a base of the pseudo Ryukyu tile A, and an upper tile base 100a (hereinafter the same) corresponding to a round tile and a lower tile base 101a (hereinafter the same) corresponding to a flat tile. It consists of and. On the surface of this upper tile base material 100a, inside the three directions (left and right sides (insertion side, coffin side) 100-2, 3 and hip side 100-4) excluding the head side 100-1, the kibushi clay is used. The pseudo plaster part base 102a (pseudo stucco build-up part base) consisting of is bulged to form a build-up on the Mikawa clay. The thickness of the build-up is, for example, a conventional hand-coating dimension or thicker than the hand-coating dimension, and is not limited, but is preferably about 2 to 5 mm. The reason is, as will be described later, intended to be a pseudo-Ryukyu roof tile A that has a stereoscopic sensation due to sunlight, darkness, and a profound sense, and has a high-class feeling. And the pseudo plaster part base 102a desirably forms the end face base 102a-1 which is higher than the upper tile base 100a. Although not shown, if necessary, three directions (left and right sides (a side, an insertion side “covering side”) 101-2 and a hip side 101-4 excluding the head side 101-1 of the surface of the upper tile base 100a. ), A pseudo-plaster part base 102a (pseudo-plaster overlay base) is formed. In addition, a water flip ridge 103 is appropriately provided on the surface of the lower tile base material 101a.
以上の擬似漆喰部素地１０２ａを備えた擬似琉球瓦素地Ａ１は、前述した焼成窯１により、焼成する。これにより、擬似漆喰部１０２（擬似漆喰肉盛部）を備えた三河粘土でなる上下瓦１００、１０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａを製造する。 The pseudo Ryukyu tile base material A1 including the pseudo stucco base material 102a is fired by the firing kiln 1 described above. Thereby, the upper and lower roof tiles 100 and 101 made of Mikawa clay having the pseudo plaster portion 102 (pseudo plaster overlay portion) are manufactured.
この擬似漆喰部１０２を備えた三河粘土でなる上下瓦１００、１０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａは、図６−２に示してあり、上瓦１００には、頭側１００−１を除いた三方向（左右側（差込み側、棧側）１００−２、３の内側「上瓦１００の、それぞれの内側」と、尻側１００−４）の内側に、擬似漆喰部１０２を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、頭側１００−１の内側に、擬似漆喰部１０２を形成することも有り得る。尚、頭尻側１００−１、４とか、左右側（差込み側、棧側）１００−２、３とかの符号と文字は、瓦素地（焼成前瓦）、瓦（焼成後瓦）とも共用する。 The upper and lower roof tiles 100, 101 made of Mikawa clay having the pseudo stucco part 102 are shown in FIG. 6-2. The upper roof tile 100 has three directions (excluding the head side 100-1). The pseudo-plaster part 102 is formed on the inner side of the left right side (insertion side, coffin side) 100-2, 3 "inside each of the upper tiles 100 and the hip side 100-4". Although not shown, the pseudo stucco portion 102 may be formed inside the head side 100-1 if necessary. In addition, the reference numerals and characters such as the tail end side 100-1 and 4 or the left and right sides (insertion side and cauldron side) 100-2 and 3 are also used for the tile base material (pre-fired roof tile) and the roof tile (post-fired roof tile). ..
そして、図６−３は、擬似漆喰部１０２を備えた上下瓦１００、１０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａを、屋根Ｒに葺設した図であり、眞に琉球瓦と類似する、経年変化がない擬似琉球瓦Ａの屋根Ｒが施工される。 And, FIG. 6-3 is a view in which the pseudo Ryukyu tile A of the upper and lower roof tiles 100 and 101 provided with the pseudo stucco part 102 is roofed on the roof R, and the pseudo-similar to the Ryukyu tile does not change with time. The roof R of Ryukyu tile A is constructed.
図７−１〜図７−３は、三河粘土でなる上下瓦２００、２０１が一体となったＳ瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａである。図７−１は、擬似琉球瓦Ａの基となる擬似琉球瓦素地Ａ１であり、棧山に相当する上瓦素地２００ａと、平瓦に相当する下瓦素地２０１ａとが一体でＳ瓦を構成する。この上瓦素地２００ａの表面には、尻側２００−４を除いた三方向（上下瓦２００の２０１の境目「山谷境目」２００−５と、右側（棧側）２００−３の内側（左側２００−２に向った内側「他の例も同じ」）、及び頭側２００−１の内側とでなるＵ形）に、木節粘土でなる擬似漆喰部素地２０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を形成する。この擬似漆喰部素地２０２ａは、望ましくは、上瓦素地２００ａより端面素地２０２ａ−１を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、上瓦素地２００ａの表面の尻側２００−４と、谷部（符号なし）とを除いた流れ部位の略全体箇所（左側２００−２と流れ部位の頭側２００−１の尻側に向った部位であって、平面視してＵ形となる）に、擬似漆喰部素地２０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を形成する。尚、下瓦２０１の表面には、水返し凸条２０３を適宜設ける。この一例では、差込み側２００−２にも、擬似漆喰部素地２０２ａを形成する。 FIGS. 7-1 to 7-3 are pseudo Ryukyu roof tiles A of S roof tiles in which upper and lower roof tiles 200 and 201 made of Mikawa clay are integrated. FIG. 7A shows a pseudo Ryukyu tile base material A1 which is a base of the pseudo Ryukyu tile A, and an upper tile base material 200a corresponding to Yoshiyama and a lower tile base material 201a corresponding to a flat tile constitute an S tile. To do. On the surface of this upper tile base material 200a, three directions excluding the butt side 200-4 (the boundary "201" "mountain boundary" 200-5 of the upper and lower tiles 200 and the inner side (left side 200 -2 toward the inside "the other examples are the same"), and the inside of the head side 200-1 and the U shape), the pseudo-plaster part base 202a (pseudo-plaster overlay part base) made of Kushibu clay. Form. This pseudo stucco part base 202a desirably forms the end face base 202a-1 from the upper tile base 200a. Although not shown, if necessary, substantially the entire flow portion (left side 200-2 and head side 200-of the flow portion 200-excluding the rear side 200-4 of the surface of the upper tile base material 200a and the valley portion (no reference numeral). A pseudo-plaster part base 202a (pseudo-plaster overlay part base) is formed in a region facing the butt side of 1 and becomes U-shaped in a plan view). In addition, a water-returning convex strip 203 is appropriately provided on the surface of the lower roof tile 201. In this example, the pseudo plaster base 202a is also formed on the insertion side 200-2.
以上の擬似漆喰部素地２０２ａを備えた擬似琉球瓦素地Ａ１は、前述した焼成窯１により、焼成する。これにより、擬似漆喰部２０２（擬似漆喰部）を備えた上下瓦２００、２０１が一体となったＳ瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａを製造する。 The pseudo Ryukyu tile base material A1 including the pseudo stucco base material 202a is fired by the above-described firing kiln 1. As a result, a pseudo Ryukyu roof tile A of S roof tile in which the upper and lower roof tiles 200 and 201 provided with the pseudo stucco portion 202 (pseudo stucco portion) are integrated is manufactured.
この擬似漆喰部２０２（擬似漆喰肉盛部）を備えた三河粘土でなる上下瓦２００、２０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａは、図７−２に示してあり、上瓦２００には、尻側２００−４を除いた三方向（境目２００−５と、右側（棧側）２００−３の内側、及び頭側２００−１の内側と）に、Ｕ形の擬似漆喰部２０２を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、尻側２００−４の内側に、擬似漆喰部１０２を形成することも有り得る。その他は、前述の図６−１〜図６−３に準ずる。 The upper and lower roof tiles 200 and 201 made of Mikawa clay having the pseudo stucco part 202 (pseudo stucco overlay) are shown in FIG. 7-2. The U-shaped pseudo plaster portion 202 is formed in three directions (border 200-5, the inside of the right side (coffin side) 200-3, and the inside of the head side 200-1) except four. Although not shown, the pseudo stucco part 102 may be formed inside the hip side 200-4, if necessary. Others are based on the above-described FIGS. 6-1 to 6-3.
そして、図７−３は、擬似漆喰部２０２を備えた上下瓦２００、１０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａを、屋根Ｒに葺設した図であり、眞に琉球瓦と類似する、経年変化がない擬似琉球瓦Ａの屋根Ｒが施工される。 And FIG. 7-3 is a figure in which the artificial Ryukyu tile A of the upper and lower tiles 200 and 101 provided with the pseudo-plaster part 202 is roofed on the roof R, and is a pseudo that does not change over time and is similar to the Ryukyu tile. The roof R of Ryukyu tile A is constructed.
図８−１〜図８−３は、三河粘土でなる上下瓦３００、３０１が一体となった本葺き瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａである。図８−１は、擬似琉球瓦Ａの基となる擬似琉球瓦素地Ａ１であり、棧山に相当する上瓦素地３００ａと、平瓦に相当する下瓦素地３０１ａとが一体で、かつ下瓦素地３０１ａに段付き３０４を備えた本葺き瓦を構成する。この上瓦素地３００ａの表面には、頭側３００−１を除いた三方向（上下瓦３００の境目「山谷境目」３００−５と、右側（棧側）３００−３の内側（左側３００−２に向った内側「他の例も同じ」）、及び尻側３００−４の内側（頭側３００−１方向に向かった内側）とでなる倒Ｕ形となる）の内側に、木節粘土でなる擬似漆喰部素地３０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を形成する。この擬似漆喰部素地３０２ａは、望ましくは、上瓦素地３００ａより端面素地３０２ａ−１を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、下瓦素地３０１ａの表目には、頭側３００−１を除いた三方向（上瓦素地３００ａの左右側（差込み側、棧側）３００−２、３の内側と、尻側３００−４の内側）に、擬似漆喰部３０２（擬似漆喰肉盛部）を形成する。尚、下瓦３０１の表面には、水返し凸条３０３を適宜設ける。この一例では、差込み側３００−２にも、擬似漆喰部素地３０２ａを形成することも有り得る。 FIGS. 8-1 to 8-3 show a pseudo-Ryukyu roof tile A of a thatched roof tile in which upper and lower roof tiles 300 and 301 made of Mikawa clay are integrated. FIG. 8-1 shows a pseudo Ryukyu tile base material A1 which is a base of the pseudo Ryukyu tile A, in which an upper tile base material 300a corresponding to Yoshiyama and a lower tile base material 301a corresponding to a flat tile are integrally formed, and A thatched roof tile having a step 304 on the base material 301a is formed. On the surface of this upper tile base material 300a, three directions (a boundary "mountain boundary" of the upper and lower tiles 300-5) and an inner side (left side 300-2 The inside "to be the same for other examples"), and the inside of the hip side 300-4 (the inside facing toward the head side 300-1) and the inside of the inverted U shape) A pseudo stucco part base 302a (pseudo stucco overlay part base) is formed. This pseudo stucco part base 302a desirably forms the end face base 302a-1 from the upper tile base 300a. Although not shown, if necessary, on the front side of the lower tile base material 301a, the inside of three directions (left and right sides of the upper tile base material 300a (insertion side, cauldron side) 300-2, 3 excluding the head side 300-1. , The inner side of the hip side 300-4), the pseudo plaster portion 302 (pseudo plaster overlay portion) is formed. In addition, a water-returning convex strip 303 is appropriately provided on the surface of the lower roof tile 301. In this example, the pseudo stucco part base 302a may be formed on the insertion side 300-2 as well.
以上の擬似漆喰部素地３０２ａを備えた擬似琉球瓦素地Ａ１は、前述した焼成窯１により、焼成する。これにより、擬似漆喰部３０２（擬似漆喰肉盛部）を備えた上下瓦３００、３０１が一体となった本葺き瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａを製造する。 The pseudo Ryukyu tile base material A1 including the pseudo stucco base material 302a is fired by the firing kiln 1 described above. As a result, a pseudo thatched roof tile Ryukyu roof tile A in which the upper and lower roof tiles 300 and 301 provided with the pseudo stucco portion 302 (pseudo stucco overlay) are integrated is manufactured.
この擬似漆喰部３０２を備えた三河粘土でなる上下瓦３００、３０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａは、図８−２に示してあり、上瓦３００には、頭側３００−１を除いた三方向（左右側（差込み側、棧側）３００−２、３の内側と、尻側３００−４）の内側に、擬似漆喰部３０２を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、上瓦３００の頭側３００−１の内側（尻側３００−４方向に向かった内側）にも、擬似漆喰部３０２を設けることも有り得る。 The artificial Ryukyu tile A of the upper and lower tiles 300 and 301 made of Mikawa clay provided with the pseudo stucco part 302 is shown in FIG. 8-2, and the upper tile 300 has three directions (excluding the head side 300-1). The pseudo-plaster part 302 is formed on the inside of the left right side (insertion side, sleeve side) 300-2, 3 and the inside of the hip side 300-4. Although not shown, the pseudo plaster part 302 may be provided inside the head side 300-1 of the upper roof tile 300 (the inside facing the hip side 300-4 direction), if necessary.
そして、図８−３は、擬似漆喰部３０２を備えた上下瓦３００、１０１の擬似琉球瓦Ａを、屋根Ｒに葺設した図であり、眞に琉球瓦と類似する、経年変化がない擬似琉球瓦Ａの屋根Ｒが施工される。 And FIG. 8-3 is a figure in which the artificial Ryukyu tile A of the upper and lower roof tiles 300 and 101 provided with the pseudo stucco part 302 is roofed on the roof R, and is a pseudo similar to the Ryukyu tile that does not change with time. The roof R of Ryukyu tile A is constructed.
図９は、図６−１〜図６−３に示した三河粘土でなる上瓦１００（下瓦１０１を含むことも有り得る）の擬似琉球瓦Ａであって、上瓦素地１００ａの頭側１００−１を除いた三方向の内側に、木節粘土でなる擬似漆喰部素地１０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を設ける構成の代替構造であって、例えば、擬似漆喰部素地１０２ａを、三河粘土に釉薬を塗布（釉薬を塗布した漆喰肉盛部素地）とする構成である。釉薬に、例えば、二酸化ケイ素とか、酸化チタンを含有する。その他は、前述の図６−１〜図６−３等に示した実施例に準ずる。 FIG. 9 is a pseudo Ryukyu tile A of the upper roof tile 100 (which may include the lower roof tile 101) made of the Mikawa clay shown in FIGS. 6-1 to 6-3, which is the head side 100 of the upper roof tile base 100a. -1 is an alternative structure of a configuration in which a pseudo-plaster part base material 102a (pseudo-stucco overlay base material) made of Kushibu clay is provided inside three directions except -1, for example, the pseudo-plaster part base material 102a is It is configured to be applied with a glaze (glaze coating base material for plaster). The glaze contains, for example, silicon dioxide or titanium oxide. Others are in accordance with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6-1 to 6-3 described above.
図１０は、図７−１〜図７−３に示した三河粘土でなる上下瓦２００、２０１が一体となったＳ瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａであって、この上瓦素地２００ａの表面には、尻側２００−４を除いた三方向（上下瓦２００の２０１の境目「山谷境目」２００−５と、右側２００−３の内側、及び頭側２００−１の内側とでなるＵ形）に、三河粘土に釉薬を塗布（肉盛感覚を有する様に塗布）した素地（釉薬を塗布した漆喰肉盛部素地）とする構成である。この擬似漆喰部素地２０２ａは、望ましくは、上瓦素地２００ａより端面素地２０２ａ−１を形成する。図示しないが、必要により、下瓦素地２０１ａの表面の尻側２００−４と、谷部（符号なし）とを除いた流れ部位の略全体箇所（左側２００−２と流れ部位の頭側２００−１の尻側に向った部位であって、平面視してＬ形となる）に、擬似漆喰部素地２０２（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を形成する。この釉薬に、例えば、二酸化ケイ素とか、酸化チタンを含有する。図１０では、擬似漆喰部２０２を備えた上下瓦２００、２０１が一体となった本葺き瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａを製造する。その他は、前述の図７−１〜図７−３等に示した実施例に準ずる。 FIG. 10 shows a pseudo Ryukyu tile A of S tiles in which upper and lower tiles 200 and 201 made of Mikawa clay shown in FIGS. 7-1 to 7-3 are integrated, and the upper tile base material 200a has a surface , Except for the hip side 200-4, in three directions (a U shape consisting of the border 201 of the upper and lower roof tiles 200 “mountain border” 200-5, the inside of the right side 200-3, and the inside of the head side 200-1) The composition is a composition in which a glaze is applied to Mikawa clay (applied so that it has a build-up sensation) (a plaster overlay part base coated with a glaze). This pseudo stucco part base 202a desirably forms the end face base 202a-1 from the upper tile base 200a. Although not shown, if necessary, substantially the entire flow portion (left side 200-2 and head side 200-of the flow portion 200-excluding the bottom side 200-4 of the surface of the lower tile base material 201a and the valley portion (no reference numeral). A pseudo stucco base 202 (pseudo stucco overlay base) is formed in a region facing the butt side of 1 and becomes L-shaped in a plan view). This glaze contains, for example, silicon dioxide or titanium oxide. In FIG. 10, a pseudo thatched roof tile Ryukyu roof tile A in which the upper and lower roof tiles 200 and 201 having the pseudo plaster portion 202 are integrated is manufactured. Others are in accordance with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7-1 to 7-3 described above.
図１１は、図８−１〜図８−３に示した三河粘土でなる上下瓦３００、３０１が一体となった本葺き瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａであって、上瓦素地３００ａの頭側３００−１を除いた三方向（山谷側の境目３００−５の上側と、尻側３００−４の内側と、棧端側３００−６）の内側に、釉薬を塗布でなる（肉盛感覚を有する様に塗布してなる）擬似漆喰部素地３０２ａ（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）を設ける構成の代替構造であって、例えば、擬似漆喰部素地３０２ａを、釉薬を塗布した素地（釉薬を塗布した漆喰肉盛部素地）とする構成である。釉薬に、例えば、二酸化ケイ素とか、酸化チタンを含有する。図１１では、擬似漆喰部３０２を備えた上下瓦３００、３０１が一体となった本葺き瓦の擬似琉球瓦Ａを製造する。その他は、前述の図８−１〜図８−３等に示した実施例に準ずる。 FIG. 11 is a pseudo-Ryukyu tile A of a thatched roof tile in which the upper and lower roof tiles 300 and 301 made of Mikawa clay shown in FIGS. 8-1 to 8-3 are integrated, and the head side 300 of the upper tile base 300a. The glaze is applied to the inside in three directions except -1 (the upper side of the boundary 300-5 on the mountain valley side, the inner side of the hip side 300-4, and the end side 300-6) (having a build-up feeling. An alternate structure of a structure in which a pseudo-plaster part base material 302a (pseudo-stucco overlay part base material) is provided. It is a structure to be used as a base material. The glaze contains, for example, silicon dioxide or titanium oxide. In FIG. 11, a pseudo thatched roof tile Ryukyu roof tile A in which the upper and lower roof tiles 300 and 301 having the pseudo plaster portion 302 are integrated is manufactured. Others are in accordance with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-1 to 8-3 described above.
尚、以上で、焼成窯１（単独焼成窯）による焼成と、これによる焼成方法に関して説明したが、一例である。従って、例えば、トンネル焼成窯（トンネル窯）による焼成と、これによる焼成方法も、本発明の範疇である（同じであり、採用できる）。 In the above, the firing by the firing kiln 1 (single firing kiln) and the firing method by the firing kiln have been described, but this is an example. Therefore, for example, the firing by a tunnel firing kiln (tunnel kiln) and the firing method by this are also within the scope of the present invention (same and applicable).
尚、本明細書における断熱丸瓦および断熱平瓦は、例えば多孔質の（空洞のあいた）瓦である。一例として、前記瓦素地中に木粉、おが屑、コーヒー糟等の有機物を混合して、成形し、その後焼成することで得られる。 The heat-insulating round roof tile and the heat-insulating flat roof tile in the present specification are, for example, porous (with cavities) roof tiles. As an example, it is obtained by mixing an organic substance such as wood powder, sawdust, and coffee mash into the roof tile base material, molding, and then firing.
前述した各実施例等は、本発明の好ましい一例の説明である。各実施例とか図面に限定されない。従って、発明の趣旨の範囲において構成の一部を変更する構造とか、同じ特徴と効果を達成できる構造、等は、本発明の範疇である。 Each of the above-described embodiments is a description of a preferred example of the present invention. The embodiments are not limited to the drawings and drawings. Therefore, a structure in which a part of the configuration is changed within the scope of the gist of the invention, a structure capable of achieving the same features and effects, and the like are within the scope of the present invention.
１ 焼成窯
１ａ 扉
１ｂ 室内
１ｃ 壁
１ｄ 壁
１ｅ 内底面
１ｆ 天井
２ａ〜２ｎ 生ガス供給管
２０ａ〜２０ｎ 第２噴射孔
３ａ〜３ｎ 焼成用バーナ
３０ａ〜３０ｎ 熱風供給口
３１ａ〜３１ｎ 第３噴射孔
５ａ〜５ｎ 遮蔽板
６ 配管
７ 空気供給管
８ 燻化用ガス供給管
８０ａ〜８０ｎ 第４噴射孔
９ 空気吸込み管
９０ａ〜９０ｎ 第１噴射孔
９１ 耐火レンガ
９１ａ〜９１ｎ 開口孔
１０ 排気口
１１ ダンパー
１２ 煙突
１００〜３００ 上瓦
１００ａ〜３００ａ 上瓦素地
１００−１〜３００−１ 頭側
１００−２ 左側（差込み側）
１００−３ 右側（棧側）
１００−４〜３００−４ 尻側
１０１〜３０１ 下瓦
１０１ａ〜３０１ａ 下瓦素地
１０２−１〜３０２−１ 端面
１０２〜３０２ 擬似漆喰部
１０２ａ〜３０２ａ 擬似漆喰部素地（擬似漆喰肉盛部素地）
１０２ａ−１〜３０２ａ−１ 端面素地
２００−５、３００−５ 境目
３００−６ 棧端側
１０３ 水返し凸条
Ａ 擬似琉球瓦
Ａ１ 擬似琉球瓦素地
Ｘ 幅
Ｙ 高さ
1 Firing Kiln 1a Door 1b Indoor 1c Wall 1d Wall 1e Inner Bottom 1f Ceiling 2a to 2n Raw Gas Supply Pipe 20a to 20n Second Injection Hole 3a to 3n Firing Burner 30a to 30n Hot Air Supply Port 31a to 31n Third Injection Hole 5a ~ 5n Shielding plate 6 Piping 7 Air supply pipe 8 Fumigation gas supply pipe 80a-80n 4th injection hole 9 Air suction pipe 90a-90n 1st injection hole 91 Refractory brick 91a-91n Open hole 10 Exhaust port 11 Damper 12 Chimney 100-300 Upper roof tile 100a-300a Upper roof tile base material 100-1 to 300-1 Head side 100-2 Left side (insert side)
100-3 right side (side)
100-4 to 300-4 Bottom side 101 to 301 Lower tile 101a to 301a Lower tile base material 102-1 to 302-1 End surface 102 to 302 Pseudo stucco part 102a to 302a Pseudo stucco part base (pseudo stucco overlay part base)
102a-1 to 302a-1 End surface base material 200-5, 300-5 Boundary 300-6 Edge end side 103 Water return convex strip A Pseudo Ryukyu tile A1 Pseudo Ryukyu tile base X Width Y Height
Claims (5)
この擬似琉球瓦素地の前記上瓦の表面で、頭側を除いた三方向、即ち、差込み側、及び棧側の内側と、尻側の内側に形成したＵ形でなる肉盛り擬似漆喰部と、
を備え、
前記擬似琉球瓦素地を、開閉扉と、空気を吸込む吸込み管と、熱風供給用の焼成バーナと、燃焼空気用の排出口と、を備えた焼成窯で焼成し、
前記肉盛り擬似漆喰部を除いた上下瓦を素焼きの赤色に、前記肉盛り擬似漆喰部を擬似漆喰色に焼成する構成であって、
前記肉盛り擬似漆喰部を、２〜５ｍｍの肉盛りとする構成とした擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）。 Pseudo Ryukyu tile base material consisting of upper and lower roof tiles molded from Mikawa clay,
On the surface of the upper tile of the pseudo-Ryukyu tile base material, three directions excluding the head side, that is, the inside of the insertion side and the cauldron side, and the built-up pseudo-plaster part of U shape formed inside the hip side ,
Equipped with
The pseudo Ryukyu tile base is fired in a firing kiln equipped with an opening / closing door, a suction pipe for sucking air, a firing burner for supplying hot air, and an outlet for combustion air,
A structure in which the upper and lower roof tiles excluding the above-mentioned build-up pseudo-plaster part are fired in unglazed red, and the above-mentioned build-up pseudo-plaster part is fired in a pseudo-plaster color,
A pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile) in which the above-mentioned padded pseudo-plaster part has a padding of 2 to 5 mm.
空気供給管からの燃焼空気と、配管からの燃焼ガスとを焼成バーナに導き、前記燃焼ガスを、前記焼成バーナの点火で、燃焼し、前記焼成窯内の温度を上昇する赤色瓦の第１工程と、
前記第１工程を経て、前記焼成窯が、９５０〜１１５０℃、好ましくは、１０００〜１１３０℃に達した時点で、前記焼成バーナを消火し、燃焼を停止し、前記焼成窯内で冷却する赤色瓦の第２工程と、
で成り、
前記第１工程の焼成時間が、１５時間〜２５時間で、好ましくは、１８時間〜２０時間とし、
前記第２工程の冷却時間が、１５時間〜２５時間で、好ましくは、１８時間〜２０時間とし、
た構成の擬似琉球瓦（擬似沖縄漆喰瓦）の製造方法。 A method for producing the pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa plaster tile) according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Combustion air from an air supply pipe and combustion gas from a pipe are introduced to a firing burner, and the combustion gas is burned by ignition of the firing burner to raise the temperature in the firing kiln. Process,
Through the first step, when the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the firing burner is extinguished, the combustion is stopped, and the red color is cooled in the firing kiln. The second step of roof tiles,
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours,
The cooling time of the second step is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours,
A method of manufacturing a pseudo-Ryukyu tile (pseudo-Okinawa stucco tile) having the above structure.
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| JPS5276559U (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-06-08 | ||
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| JPH0248507B2 (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1990-10-25 | Takanobu Kitakado | NENDOKAWARARUINOHATSUSHOKUKAKOHOHO |
| JPS59116169A (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1984-07-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Clay roof tile |
| JPS62297282A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-24 | 有限会社 窓清 | Manufacture of smoked roof tile |
| JPH0860802A (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1996-03-05 | Yoshimori Yamada | Pseudo clay tile roofing structure |
| JP2962545B2 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1999-10-12 | デイゴ住宅株式会社 | Roofing materials, houses, construction methods of houses and molds for roofing material molding |
| JPH11193600A (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 1999-07-21 | Takanori Okuhara | Roof tile and execution structure thereof |
| JP3058672U (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 1999-06-22 | 晋 神谷 | Glazed roof tiles with Ibushi pattern |
| JP2001232614A (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-28 | Kamiya Gihachi:Kk | Method of manufacturing kiln-tone-changed tile |
| JP2002068861A (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-08 | Soka Kawara Kogyo Kk | Middle and low temperature coating compound for clay roof tile |
| JP2004277196A (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-10-07 | Kaminaka:Kk | Smoked ceramic product |
| JP2008127272A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-05 | Yasuo Nishiyama | Method of yo-hen of clay tile or tile |
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