JP3040990B1 - Vertical climbing kiln for pottery - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate construction, secure high thermal efficiency, and enable firing to meet demand. SOLUTION: The lowest floor unit 3 and the middle floor unit 4,
5 and a top floor unit 6, an intermediate floor member 25 forming a floor surface is disposed between each of the units 3 to 6 to form a vertical multilayer floor, and at least the bottom floor unit 3
And each of the middle floor units 4 and 5 have a baking room 27
And a heat flow chamber 28 are provided at alternate positions in each layer, and a baking chamber 27 is provided near the floor of each partition 30.
Each of the intermediate floor members 25 is provided with an opening 26 at a position above each heat flow chamber 28 so as to communicate with the upper firing chamber 27. A grate 32 is placed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pottery kiln for pottery in which a firing chamber is formed in a vertical multilayer structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a ceramic climbing kiln having a plurality of firing chambers is continuously constructed on a step along a slope.

[0003]

However, such a climbing kiln requires a very large site and costs and time for construction. In addition, although the thermal efficiency is high because of the multi-chamber series type,
Due to the large heat capacity of the kiln, very large preheating energy is required.

[0004] Incidentally, there is a small-sized kiln using an electric furnace, but it is difficult to perform the firing to meet the demand in such a kiln.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a climbing kiln apparatus which solves such problems.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lowermost floor unit having a burner opening and a firebrick lined on a floor surface and a peripheral wall formed by a lowermost floor member;
A middle floor unit in which a firebrick is lined with a peripheral wall, and a top floor unit in which a smoke exhaust duct is opened and a firebrick is lined with a ceiling surface and a peripheral wall formed by a ceiling member on the top floor, and each unit. Along with forming an intermediate floor member forming a floor surface between each to form a vertical multilayer floor, at least in each room of the lowest floor unit and the intermediate floor unit,
Partitions that form the firing chamber and the heat flow chamber at alternate positions in each layer are provided, and narrow holes that guide the flame heat flow of the firing chamber to the heat flow chamber near the floor of each partition are formed. An opening is provided in each intermediate floor member so as to communicate with the firing chamber, and a grate is disposed in each of the openings.

According to a second invention, in the first invention, each unit is provided with an opening / closing door facing the firing chamber and the heat flow chamber, and each opening / closing door is provided with a firewood opening and a firewood opening door, respectively.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first and second aspects, the lowermost floor unit and the middle floor unit are provided with an air supply port and a ventilation hole which open to the heat flow chamber near the grate.

[0009]

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the installation area of the climbing kiln can be reduced, the kiln can be easily constructed, and the construction time can be sufficiently reduced. Also, since the heat capacity of the kiln can be reduced,
The preheating energy can be small, and the temperature can be raised in a short time. In addition, by the partition, the flame heat spreads sufficiently in the firing chamber,
The baking can be performed efficiently, the residual heat can be sufficiently utilized, and high thermal efficiency can be ensured, and the fuel consumption can be significantly reduced. In addition, different firing can be performed for each unit by the firewood opening provided in each unit, and a ceramic product that meets the requirements can be fired.

According to the third aspect of the invention, adjustment of combustion and different firing for each unit can be easily performed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the construction of a hobo kiln, and FIG.
6 to 9 show the arrangement of the fire-resistant (heat-resistant) brick 1 and the like, 2 is an installation base, 3 is the lowest floor unit, 4, 5 are middle floor units, and 6 Is the top floor unit.

The lowermost floor unit 3 has an opening 10 of an opening / closing door 8 formed in the front of a unit body 7 formed in a box shape, and a lowermost floor member 11 is attached to the bottom. In the middle floor units 4 and 5, openings 15 of opening and closing doors 13 and 14 are formed in the front of a unit body 12 formed in a box shape. The top floor unit 6 includes a box-shaped unit body 16.
The opening 18 of the opening / closing door 17 is formed at the front of the vehicle, and the top floor ceiling member 20 is attached to the upper part.

The panels of the unit bodies 7, 12, 16 and the panels of the lowermost floor member 11 and the uppermost ceiling member 20 are:
As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, a rock wool 22, a heat insulating board 23, and a ceramic felt 24 are assembled inside an exterior steel plate (baked steel plate) 21.

Except for the opening, the firebrick 1 is provided on the peripheral wall of each of the unit bodies 7, 12, 16 and the floor surface formed by the lowermost floor member 11 and the ceiling surface formed by the uppermost ceiling member 20. It is lined.

The lowest floor unit 3, the middle floor unit 4,
5. The top floor unit 6 is stacked on the installation stand 2, and an intermediate floor member 25 made of a non-combustible material such as silicon carbide is formed between the units 3 to 6 to form a floor surface. Is formed.

The intermediate floor member 25 includes units 3 to
5 are formed at the upper end of the refractory brick 1 and at the upper end of a partition described later, and an opening 26 is formed at one end thereof, where a fire grate described later is arranged. Each of the units 3 to 6 is fixed by bolts.

The lowest floor unit 3, the middle floor units 4, 5
In each of the chambers, a firing chamber 27 and a heat flow chamber 28 are provided with units 3 to
Partitions 30 are formed to define right and left sides as viewed from the front of the unit 5 (opening doors 8, 13, and 14 sides of the units 3 to 5). Each partition 30 is formed of a refractory brick, and in this case, the firing chamber 27 and the heat flow chamber 28 are provided alternately between adjacent units. Near the floor of each partition 30, a plurality of narrow holes 31 for guiding the flame heat flow of the firing chamber 27 to the heat flow chamber 28 are formed.

The openings 26 of the respective intermediate floor members 25 are provided so as to be located above the heat flow chambers 28, respectively, and fire grills 32 for burning wood are arranged in the respective openings 26.

The lowermost floor member 11 of the lowermost floor unit 3 is provided with two burner outlets 33 at the right side end of the unit 3, and each of the burner outlets 33 is provided with an oil burner 34. Is done. On the right side surface of the lowest floor unit 3, a main air supply port 35 is provided at a lower central portion between these burner firing ports 33. The main air supply port 35 is provided with an openable / closable plug 37 made of a refractory brick or the like.

On the left side of the lowest floor unit 3, the right side of the middle floor unit 4, and the left side of the middle floor unit 5, an air supply / vent opening which opens to the heat flow chamber 28 near the grate 32, respectively. Each of the air supply / vent holes 36 is provided with a mouthpiece 38 made of a refractory brick for opening and closing, which is freely detachable.

In the top floor unit 6, a smoke exhaust duct 40 is formed on the side surface farthest from the opening 26 of the floor member 25 (in this case, the right side surface). A slide damper 51 is provided in the middle of the smoke exhaust duct 40. In this case, the inside of the unit 6 may be defined as a firing chamber 27 and a smoke exhaust chamber (not shown), and a smoke exhaust duct may be formed directly in the unit 6.

The opening and closing doors 8, 13, 14,
17 is an exterior steel plate (baked steel plate) 2 as shown in FIGS.
1. A firebrick 41 is lined with a panel made of rock wool 22, a heat insulating board 23, and a ceramic felt 24, and a firewood opening 42 is formed at a predetermined position. The firewood opening 42 is provided with a firewood opening door 44 in which a fireproof brick 43 is lined with a panel, which is freely opened and closed via a hinge. 50 is an embedded bolt for fixing the refractory brick.

Each of the doors 8, 13, 14, 17 is attached to the opening 26 of each of the units 3 to 6 via a hinge so as to be freely opened and closed. In this case, the opening / closing door 8 of the lowest floor unit 3 is opened to the right, the firewood opening 42 is to the right of the opening / closing door 8, the opening / closing door 13 of the middle floor unit 4 is opened to the left, and the wood opening 42 is opened.
On the left side of the door 13, the door 14 of the intermediate floor unit 5
Is open to the right, the firewood opening 42 is on the right side of the door 14,
The opening / closing door 17 of the top floor unit 6 is opened leftward, and the firewood opening 42 is formed on the left side of the opening / closing door 17.

Reference numerals 45 and 46 denote handles for sealing. In addition, in the central part of each opening and closing door 8,13,14,17
(Inspection port) 47 and a thermometer insertion port 48 are provided.

As described above, since the units 3 to 6 are stacked to form a vertical multi-story climbing kiln, the installation area of the climbing kiln can be reduced while securing a large capacity. In addition, the construction kiln can be easily performed, and the construction time on site can be sufficiently reduced.

When the furnace is actually set on fire, the oil burner 34 is first ignited to perform preheating. This burner 3
The flame heat of No. 4 is applied to the firing chamber 27 and firing chamber 2 of the lowest floor unit 3.
7 through the heat flow chamber 28 and the firing chamber 2 of the intermediate floor unit 4
7, flow from the firing chamber 27 through the heat flow chamber 28 to the firing chamber 27 of the intermediate floor unit 5; from the firing chamber 27 to the firing chamber 27 of the top floor unit 6 through the heat flow chamber 28; 6 is laminated on a multi-story floor with the intermediate floor member 25 interposed therebetween, so that the heat capacity of the kiln is small, so that the preheating energy is small and the temperature can be raised in a short time.

When firing, fuel wood is injected and burned from the firewood opening 42 of each of the units 3 to 6. In this case, a partition 30 is provided between the lower floor firing chamber 27 and the opening 26 of the intermediate floor member 25 that connects the upper floor firing chamber 27, and the flame heat of the lower floor firing chamber 27 is inflamed to cause an upper flame. Since it is led to the floor, the flame heat is sufficiently spread to the firing chamber 27, and firing can be performed efficiently. Since the heat capacity of the kiln is small and the units 3 to 6 are stacked on multiple floors, the residual heat can be sufficiently used, the waste heat is small, and therefore the heat efficiency is excellent and the fuel consumption can be greatly reduced. .

Since the firewood opening 42 is provided in each of the units 3 to 6, different firings can be performed for the respective firing chambers 27. For example, by adjusting the input of firewood in each of the units 3 to 6, simultaneous firing of several rooms, simultaneous unglazing of several rooms, simultaneous firing of main firing and unglazing, etc. can be performed. Further, since the air supply / vent hole 36 is provided in the vicinity of the lower part of the grate 32 into which the firewood is inserted, adjustment of combustion is easy.

Further, since a steel plate is used for the exterior, it is excellent in waterproofness, and the degree of hanging can be greatly reduced. Because of the vertical climbing kiln, there is no problem in pulling the chimney.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the construction cost and the firing cost, and to fire a ceramic product that meets the requirements.

Although the embodiment shows a four-level climbing kiln, the number of levels can be increased or decreased. However, the top floor unit 6 is different depending on the number of layers.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a configuration of a climbing kiln apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the climbing kiln apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the climbing kiln apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the climbing kiln apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the climbing kiln apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing an arrangement state and the like of a firebrick.

FIG. 7 is a left side view showing an arrangement state and the like of a firebrick.

FIG. 8 is a right side view showing an arrangement state and the like of a firebrick.

FIG. 9 is a top view showing an arrangement state and the like of a firebrick.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a unit.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a unit.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a unit.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the unit.

FIG. 14 is a front view of the door.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the door.

FIG. 16 is a rear view of the door.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a firewood opening.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fire-resistant (heat-resistant) brick 2 Installation stand 3 Lowest floor unit 4,5 Intermediate floor unit 6 Top floor unit 8 Opening door 11 Lowest floor member 13,14 Opening door 17 Opening door 20 Top floor ceiling member 21 Exterior steel plate 25 Intermediate floor member 27 Firing chamber 28 Heat flow chamber 30 Partition 31 Narrow hole 32 Grate 33 Burner firing port 34 Oil burner 35 Main air supply port 36 Air supply and ventilation port 40 Smoke exhaust duct 41 Refractory brick 42 Firewood brick 43 Refractory brick 44 Door for firewood opening 47 Color inspection (inspection port) 48 Thermometer outlet

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lower floor unit having a burner opening and a refractory brick lined on a floor surface and a peripheral wall formed by a lowermost floor member, and an intermediate floor refractory brick lined on a peripheral wall. An intermediate floor member comprising a unit, a top floor unit having a smoke exhaust duct opened, and a refractory brick lined on a ceiling surface and a peripheral wall formed by the top floor ceiling member, and a floor surface between each unit. To form a vertical multi-layered floor, and at least in each of the lowermost floor unit and the middle floor unit, a partition for forming a firing chamber and a heat flow chamber at alternate positions of each layer is provided, and each partition is provided. Near the floor surface, a narrow hole for guiding the flame heat flow of the firing chamber to the heat flow chamber is formed, and an opening is provided in each intermediate floor member at a position above each heat flow chamber so as to communicate with the upper firing chamber. That each grate was placed Ceramics for vertical climbing kiln apparatus characterized. 2. The vertical pottery according to claim 1, wherein each unit is provided with an opening / closing door facing the firing chamber and the heat flow chamber, and each opening / closing door is provided with a firewood opening and a firewood opening, respectively. Climbing kiln equipment. 3. The vertical climbing kiln for ceramics according to claim 1, wherein the lowest floor unit and the middle floor unit are provided with an air supply port and a ventilation port which open to the heat flow chamber near the grate.