JP6887662B2 - Baking kiln of kiln change tile and manufacturing method of kiln change tile (roof tile) - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a firing kiln for a kiln-changing roof tile and a method for manufacturing a kiln-changing roof tile (roof tile).

The itinerary of the kiln-shaped roof tile (referred to as an antique kiln-shaped roof tile) intended by the present invention and recent demands will be described.

Conventionally, each roof tile manufacturer, including the applicant, manufactures roof tiles of uniform quality without defective products for the purpose of stable firing. This is a market demand, and it is a uniform color firing and product with no uneven firing, and each tile manufacturer has accumulated equipment and know-how.

However, recently, the demands of the market, customers, etc. have diversified, and the same applies to roof tiles. For example, there is a tendency to enjoy the change in color of the roof tile surface. Although it is said in the market, it is a kiln-shaped roof tile. This kiln-shaped roof tile is not merely a general house, but there is also a demand for vintage roof tiles (luxury roof tiles) for museums, large commercial facilities, and the like.

In addition, at shrines and temples, when re-roofing work, old roof tiles that can be reused are often reused. However, it is difficult to match the colors of old roof tiles and new roof tiles, and there is a growing need for roof tiles with subtle color changes on the surface (roof tiles). However, at present, there are roof tiles that reproduce the color of old roof tiles, but the difficulty of color matching with old roof tiles remains the same because of the single color.

Therefore, the kiln-changing roof tiles currently required in the roof tile industry are required not only for the above-mentioned demand for re-roofing the roofs of shrines and temples, but also for roof tiles with traditional building specifications designated for townscape preservation.

The firing methods for kiln-shaped roof tiles, etc., which are currently in need, can be roughly classified into the following three groups.

One group finishes as unglazed without using glaze. It is a firing method that produces uneven firing caused by firing iron contained in clay (for tiles) components by oxidation or reduction. For example, the regions where it is used and the intended use are the roofs and floors of luxury houses in various parts of Japan. It is used for materials and walls, and there is no glaze.

Group 2 is a firing method that produces color unevenness depending on the amount of smoked gas in the glaze process and the presence or absence of a carbon film. For example, the regions used and the intended use are restored roof tiles from all over Japan (eg Gango-ji Temple). , Used at Gango-ji Temple) and landscape conservation area, no glaze.

The three groups apply a glaze mainly composed of iron, and in the final stage of firing, they use a firing method that reduces and burns with slightly insufficient air, and Kurumachi stone, demon slab stone, and manganese ore (collected in local tile producing areas). It is a high-temperature firing method used as a raw material for glaze. For example, the regions used and the intended use are shrines and temples and roof tiles in the Hokuriku region, and glaze is used.

Therefore, the related prior literature will be mentioned and further examined. As this prior document, in the "method for changing a roof tile or tile kiln" described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-127272, the roof tile or tile is fired in a kiln-changing kiln with a firing burner, and an oil cooling means is provided. This is a kiln-changing method in which the oil is cooled and burned while being projected onto the heated hearth from the injection nozzle, and the kiln-changing pattern is burned with the oil flame burned on the hearth. Further, in the "method for changing a kiln of tiles or tiles" described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-32795, a ceramic base is charged in an electric furnace, the air in the furnace is discharged by a vacuum pump, and an inert gas is introduced. After that, the inert gas is discharged by a vacuum pump, and then, in combination with the filling of the furnace with hydrogen gas, the temperature inside the furnace is raised and maintained according to the heating program, and then the temperature is lowered and the temperature is lowered. This is a kiln-changing firing method for the surface of ceramics, in which the supply of hydrogen gas is stopped when the temperature in the furnace becomes 800 ° C. or lower, and then the inert gas is supplied to eliminate the hydrogen gas. In addition, in the "Manufacturing method of smoked tiles" described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-43350, ◎ Incombustible gases such as nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas that have been preheated after firing the tiles and before smoking are used in the kiln. It is sent inward to replace the gas in the kiln. ◎ Smoke generated by adding water vapor to nonflammable gas, water vapor, or nonflammable gas and mixing and diluting it with LP gas in a preheated environment. Gas is sent into the kiln and smoked. ◎ Seal the flue damper and dilute the smoldering gas remaining in the kiln and flue with nonflammable gas and steam when cooling the inside of the kiln. Or, it is a method of manufacturing a smoked tile that is replaced and then cooled.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-127272 Special Fair No. 4-32795 Special Notice 63-43350 Gazette

In each prior document (including the prior art), as a general rule, it is a method of manufacturing a kiln-changing roof tile for each firing kiln. Therefore, the current kiln-changing kiln is manufactured for the purpose of stably firing and manufacturing roof tiles having a uniform shape, uneven color, and color. Therefore, although it is possible to fire a roof tile having a single color, it is not suitable for firing to give a texture of uneven color. Even if you try to force the color unevenness, it is difficult to get what you intended, and there is a risk that everything fired in the kiln will be defective. Therefore, in order to produce antique kiln-changing tiles, it is necessary to intentionally create uneven firing (color unevenness) by controlling and controlling gas, air, temperature, and firing time. In addition, in order to produce antique kiln-shaped roof tiles, it is necessary to acquire know-how to manage and control gas, air, temperature, and firing time.

Further, in each prior document, there is no disclosure regarding shortening of production lead time. Requests for this shortening are constantly being requested by business partners for short delivery times, so in order to meet customer requests as a producer, we reviewed the production lead time from molding to shipping and shortened the delivery time. We have to deal with the change. However, when firing several types of kiln-changing roof tiles in the current kiln, for example, the process from firing to kiln-out (45 hours in total) x the production time of the kiln-changing roof tile types is required. Since it takes a lot of time and effort in each process in this way, for example, in the case of firing three types of kiln-changing roof tiles as shown in Fig. 6-1 and Fig. 6-2, "shipping" is performed from the "kiln-filling" process. It takes about 135 hours ≒ 5 days to complete the process. For this reason, the current situation is that the short delivery time, which is the needs of business partners, cannot be fully met.

Furthermore, in each prior document, there is no disclosure regarding the reduction of the manufacturing cost of the kiln-shaped roof tile. The existing firing kiln can fire 1,000 to 1,500 pieces at a time. The firing kiln is designed for stable firing and production of roof tiles of uniform shape and color, and for mass production. In fact, in order to fire roof tiles evenly, if there is an empty space in the firing kiln, the circulation of gas and air will be biased, and the firing quality will not be stable. Therefore, when firing, 1,000 or more roof tiles of a single color (the shape may be different) are placed in a kiln and fired. However, in this type of kiln-changing roof tile, the number of orders received at one time generally varies from 200 to 5,000, and the number of orders received at one time is less than 1,000. , The situation where various shades and uneven baking (kiln change) are required is overwhelming. When firing a kiln-changing roof tile in an existing kiln, it is necessary to fire as many colors as the number of colors to be fired. In addition, many kiln-changing roof tiles are custom-made, and conditions such as color, firing temperature, and amount of gas and air are strict. Therefore, it cannot be fired together with ordinary roof tiles, and even if the number of tiles is less than 1,000, it must be fired independently. It is complicated and time-consuming.

Originally, although it has a firing capacity of 1,000 to 1,500 sheets, only a few hundred sheets can be fired, and the cost of firing must be reflected in the fired kiln change tile. At present, it is difficult to put the firing cost on the selling price of roof tiles, so the cost rate is inevitably high. Therefore, in order to develop and develop antique kiln-changing roof tiles, it is required to simplify the work and reduce the manufacturing cost.

In order to intentionally produce the above-mentioned subtle hues (fading-type color unevenness) due to aging in a single firing, for example, as in the present invention, the development and introduction of a multi-functional firing kiln is required. At the same time, it is the establishment of kiln-changing firing technology. As a result, the kiln-changing roof tile can be achieved by firing once, and can meet the needs of the market.

In addition, due to the growing genuineness of shrines and temples and the diversification of consumer tastes, demand for kiln-shaped roof tiles with subtle changes in color is expected. In order to meet this demand, in addition to the conventional roof tile process and technology, quality that has contrast, is rich in variety, and has consistent quality kiln pattern production, or quality that reduces unevenness such as firing. There is an urgent need to establish a production system that can manufacture constant antique kiln-changing roof tiles. The goal is to develop a multi-functional firing kiln that can manufacture antique kiln-changing roof tiles, introduce it, and establish a production system.

To this end, we propose claim 1-9.

The present invention is a) to intentionally create uneven firing (color unevenness) by controlling and controlling gas, air, temperature, and firing time when producing antique kiln-changing tiles, and firing. ) Shortening the production lead time and / or c) This is a measure for reducing the manufacturing cost of the kiln-changing tile, and the following preferred claims are proposed.

The invention of claim 1 is
A door for opening and closing is attached to the front wall of the firing kiln, an air suction pipe having an air suction port is attached under the outer bottom surface of the firing kiln, and a plurality of first injection holes provided in the air suction pipe are fired. Opening on the inner bottom of the kiln,
A plurality of firing burners equipped with a control valve, a plurality of hot air supply ports connected to the firing burners, and a plurality of raw gas supply pipes equipped with a control valve are attached to the side wall of the firing kiln.
A plurality of second injection holes attached to a plurality of raw gas supply pipes and a plurality of third injection holes attached to a plurality of hot air supply ports are opened in the firing kiln chamber.
The exhaust port for the combustion air and exhaust gas of the firing kiln, which is generated by the combustion of air and raw gas from the first injection hole to the third injection hole, is opened to the outside of the firing kiln.
A plurality of pipes for smoldering gas are attached to the ceiling of the firing kiln, and the fourth injection hole provided in the pipes is opened in the firing kiln.
It is a firing kiln for kiln-changing roof tiles, characterized in that each of the control valve of the firing burner and the control valve of the raw gas supply pipe can be individually controlled.

In the structure of the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 1, the features a) to (c) can be achieved.

In the invention of claim 2, a plurality of hot air supply ports connected to the firing burner are opened in the firing kiln, a shielding plate is provided on the inner bottom surface on the front side of the hot air supply port, and hot air from the hot air supply port is blown into the firing kiln. It is a firing kiln of a kiln-changing tile that can be blown up toward a second injection hole located above.

In the structure of the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 2, convection of the combustion gas in the firing kiln can be achieved and the same characteristics as in claim 1 can be achieved.

In the invention of claim 3, and the number of the firing burner, a number of raw gas supply pipe, a firing kiln kiln Henkawara be the same.

In the structure of the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 3, it is possible to impart unique color unevenness to the tile in the firing kiln and to achieve the same characteristics as in claim 1.

In the invention of claim 4,
Each of the plurality of pipes for the smoked gas is a kiln-changing tile firing kiln equipped with a control valve.

In the structure of the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 4, the combustion gas unevenness and the temperature unevenness in the firing kiln can be achieved, and the target kiln-changing roof tile can be diversified. Can be achieved.

In the invention of claim 5, the firing burner, a raw gas supply pipe, by a single pipe, which is fired kiln for each kiln Henkawara provides raw gas.

The structure of the firing kiln for the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 5 can achieve simplification and economic efficiency of the firing kiln apparatus and achieve the same features as those of claim 1.

The invention of claim 6 is a method for producing a reddish-brown kiln-changing roof tile using the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 1.
The first process, in which the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are guided to the firing burner, the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner, and the temperature inside the firing kiln is raised.
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, combustion gas is supplied to the firing kiln from the third injection hole of the firing burner connected to the pipe, and from the raw gas supply pipe. By injecting raw gas and supplying the raw gas to the firing kiln and / or freely controlling the amount of raw gas injected from the raw gas supply pipe, the surface of a large number of firing tiles in the firing kiln. The second step to generate a mottled pattern (reddish-brown kiln change),
The third step of cooling the fired roof tiles fired in the second step and
Consists of
In the example where the kiln tile is reddish brown,
The firing time of the second step is 15 to 25 hours.
The cooling time of the third step is 15 to 25 hours.
The damper provided in the exhaust port of the firing kiln is opened during the firing time and closed during the cooling time.
Within the firing time, continue to ignite the firing burner,
This is a method for producing a reddish-brown kiln-changing tile in which the injection amount of raw gas is controlled when the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. within the firing time.

The reddish-brown kiln-shaped roof tile according to claim 6 can achieve the characteristics a) to c).

The invention of claim 7 is a method for manufacturing a kiln-shaped roof tile made of an Ibushi roof tile using the firing kiln of the kiln-shaped roof tile according to claim 1.
The air from the air suction pipe under the outer bottom surface of the firing kiln is supplied to the firing kiln from the first injection hole, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are guided to the firing burner. The first step, in which the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner and the temperature inside the firing kiln is raised,
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, the firing burner is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the room temperature of the firing kiln is 800 ° C. during the cooling time of the temperature inside the firing kiln. At the stage of ~ 1000 ° C , the smoked gas is supplied from the 4th injection hole for 0.8 hours to 2 hours to express (generate) the smoldering kiln change on the surface of the fired tile.
After the second step , the firing kiln allows air to flow in from the air suction pipe provided with the first injection hole after the smoldering step is completed, and the silver film is peeled off and exhausted (silver) from the exhaust port through the opening of the damper provided in the exhaust port. The third process of removing the film) and
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 to 25 hours .
The cooling time of the second step is 15 to 25 hours .
The damper firing kiln, the firing time, while open, the cooling time is closed, is a method for producing a furnace Henkawara made of smoked tiles.

The kiln-shaped roof tile made of the Ibushi roof tile according to claim 7 can achieve the characteristics a) to c).

The invention of claim 8 is a method for manufacturing a kiln-shaped roof tile made of red roof tile using the firing kiln of the kiln-shaped roof tile according to claim 1.
The air from the air suction pipe of the firing kiln is supplied to the firing kiln from the first injection hole, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are guided to the firing burner to supply the raw gas. The first step of red tiles that burns and raises the temperature inside the firing kiln by igniting the firing burner,
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, the firing burner is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln is cooled in the second step of the red roof tile.
The third step of the red roof tile that cools the red roof tile that was fired in the second step, and
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 to 25 hours .
The cooling time of the second step is 15 to 25 hours .
This is a method for manufacturing kiln-shaped roof tiles made of red roof tiles.

The kiln-shaped roof tile made of red roof tile according to claim 8 can achieve the characteristics of a) to c).

The invention of claim 9 is a method for manufacturing a kiln-shaped roof tile having a black tint color using the firing kiln of the kiln-shaped roof tile according to claim 1.
The air from the air suction pipe of the firing kiln is supplied to the firing kiln from the first injection hole, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are guided to the firing burner to guide the raw gas to the firing burner. The first step of black smoldering tiles, which burns when the firing burner is ignited and raises the temperature inside the firing kiln,
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, the firing burner is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln is cooled in the second step of the black roof tile.
During the cooling time of the second step, at each stage of room temperature 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. calcination kiln, a Ibushika gas, from the fourth injection hole, the black smoke tiles supplied over a 0.8 to 2 hours Third step and
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 to 25 hours .
The cooling time of the second step is 15 to 25 hours .
The damper outlet of the firing furnace is provided, the baking time, as well as open, the cooling time is closed, is a method for producing a furnace Henkawara consisting of black smoke tile.

The black roof tile according to claim 9 can achieve the features (a) to (c).

A bird's-eye view of the partially missing part showing the appearance of the firing kiln (Fig. 1-1 shows the upper and lower surfaces and the left and right sides of the drawing). Left bird's-eye view showing the appearance of the firing kiln A front bird's-eye view showing the appearance of the firing kiln shown in FIG. 1-1 and seeing through the inside. A front bird's-eye view showing the appearance of the firing kiln shown in FIG. 1-1 and another example of seeing through the inside. An enlarged schematic view showing the relationship between the shielding plate and the third injection hole inside the firing kiln. An enlarged schematic view showing the relationship between the air suction pipe and the first injection hole inside the firing kiln. Schematic diagram showing a further enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 4-1 A scaled view of the reddish-brown kiln-changing tile inside the firing kiln, showing the kiln-changed color and its various changes. A scaled diagram schematically showing the kiln-changed color and various changes in the Ibushi kiln-changed roof tile inside the firing kiln. Examples of kiln-changing roof tiles, where (a) is monochromatic red, (b) is reddish-brown, and (c) is aged reddish-brown. In each example of kiln-changing roof tiles, (d) is a monochromatic roof tile, (e) is a light-colored roof tile, and (he) is a kiln-changing kiln as an aged sensation. A graph showing a preferable example when firing (b) reddish brown with a kiln-shaped roof tile. A graph showing a preferable example when firing (e) Ibushi (black and white color) with a kiln-shaped roof tile. Graph showing a preferable example when firing (d) monochromatic red with roof tiles A graph showing a preferable example when firing (b) monochromatic smoke (black) with a roof tile. An example diagram showing the shade of reddish-brown kiln-shaped roof tiles Another example of a reddish-brown kiln-changing tile shade An example diagram showing the color of the Ibushi kiln-changing roof tiles and the good balance with the thatched roof tiles. An example diagram showing the color of the Ibushi kiln change board and the good balance with the ancient wall board that built the wall. Right bird's-eye view showing the appearance of a conventional single-colored red firing kiln Left bird's-eye view showing the appearance of a conventional single-color firing kiln A front bird's-eye view showing the appearance of the firing kiln shown in FIG. 9-1.

Explaining based on the appearance of the firing kiln shown in FIGS. 1-11 to 2-2, reference numeral 1 denotes a firing kiln having a heat-resistant structure, which has a square shape and is opened and closed through a door 100. Inside the firing kiln 1 (indoor 101), a trolley (not shown) and a tile base laminated on the trolley are housed. The left and right walls 1a and 1b of the firing kiln 1 are connected to a large number of raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n and the raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n, and the second injection holes 20a to open into the chamber 101 of the firing kiln 1. 20n (raw gas supply port connected to raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n) is attached. The second injection holes 20a to 20n of the walls 1a and 1b on the left and right sides (left and right) are at the same position (longitudinal direction of the left and right walls 1a and 1b) in the direction from the front (left side) to the depth (right side), for example. It is attached at the same height position (the position in the lateral direction Y, which is the height from the floor surface to the ceiling (upper and lower surfaces)) (the position may be random; the same shall apply hereinafter). In this example, the number of 5 locations on the right wall 1a and 5 locations on the left wall 1b are the same. However, if necessary, the position and / or the number is not limited depending on the degree of kiln change and the like. Further, the third injection holes 31a to 31n are provided in the hot air supply ports 30a to 30n which are connected to a large number of firing burners 3a to 3n and the firing burners 3a to 3n and which are opened in the chamber 101 of the firing kiln 1. The third injection holes 31a to 31n of the left and right walls 1a and 1b are at the same position in the depth direction from the front (positions of the left and right walls 1a and 1b in the longitudinal direction X) and at a height position (from the floor to the ceiling). It is attached at the position of Y in the lateral direction, which means the height up to. In this example, the number of 5 locations on the right wall 1a and 5 locations on the left wall 1b are the same. However, if necessary, the position and / or the number may be changed depending on the degree of kiln change and the like. Therefore, it is not limited. An example is shown in which firing burners 3a to 3n are provided below the raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n, but the present invention is not limited. Further, the injection with the second injection holes 20a to 20n or the third injection holes 31a to 31n and the stop are made substantially simultaneously (same) (as an example, and are not limited, that is, individual control or the like. By being able to control the selection), it is possible to specify the position of the kiln change generated on the fired roof tile and to select the desired position (the same applies to other injections as described later). However, this structure is provided on the guard of the flame (hot air) from the third injection holes 31a to 31n, the surface of the hot air and / or the diffusion / rise of the hot air, and the inner bottom surface 1c (inner bottom portion). It is desirable from the viewpoint of the relationship with each of the shield plates 5a to 5n and the diffusion assistance of raw gas by hot air. However, the present invention is not limited to an example in which firing burners 3a to 3n are provided below the raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n. Note that FIG. 2-1 shows an example in which one air suction pipe 9 described later is laid in the firing kiln 1 to manufacture a kiln-changing roof tile in the lower stage of the firing kiln 1, for example, FIG. 2-2. As described above, there may be an example in which two or a plurality of air suction pipes 9 are laid to manufacture kiln-changing roof tiles in multiple stages (each), for example, the lower stage and the middle stage of the firing kiln 1. Further, an example in which two or a plurality of air suction pipes 9 are laid side by side in the firing kiln 1, for example, divided into the lower stage of the firing kiln 1 and divided into the middle stage, etc., and each of them manufactures a kiln-changing roof tile. Is also possible.

The raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n and the firing burners 3a to 3n have a structure in which they are branched from one raw gas pipe 6, and the equipment is simplified and the economic efficiency is improved. Further, the injection and the stop of the second injection hole 20a and the third injection hole 31a are made substantially at the same time (same) (this is an example and is not limited. That is, individual control or selection control can be performed). As a result, the position of the kiln change generated on the fired roof tile can be specified, and the desired position can be selected. There is a correlation between this simultaneous injection and the numerical value (%) of the stop and / or kiln change setting. This control is one of the basic factors that can fire various kiln-changing roof tiles in one-kiln firing.

Reference numeral 7 in the figure is an air supply pipe, which supplies outside air to the firing burners 3a to 3n.

Further, a gas supply pipe 8 for smoking is provided on the ceiling 1d of the firing kiln 1. At the tip of the smoking gas supply pipe 8, fourth injection holes 80a to 80n are provided to open into the chamber 101 of the firing kiln 1. A control valve is attached to each of the smoking gas supply pipes 8. The control valve is beneficial and economical because it can control the production of kiln-shaped roof tiles by controlling the control valves at the same time or as appropriate individually and selectively (the same applies to other control valves).

The air suction pipe 9 shown in FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2 is piped to the outer bottom surface 1e (outer bottom portion) of the firing kiln 1, and the tip of the air suction pipe 9 opens into the room 101. The first injection holes 90a to 90n of the refractory brick 91, which will be described later, are connected. Therefore, fresh air is supplied from the inner bottom surface 1c of the room 101 toward the upper side of the room 101 and over the entire room 101. In one example, a refractory brick 91 is provided on the air suction pipe 9 in order to prevent the first injection holes 90a to 90n from being clogged, and the opening holes 91a to 91n of the refractory brick 91 are above the inner bottom surface 1c. .. The opening holes 91a to 91n are opened above the inner bottom surface 1c to prevent clogging.

Although not shown, the raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n and the branch pipes of the firing burners 3a to 3n and the air supply pipe 7 (connected to the firing burners 3a to 3n) are solenoid valves or other valve mechanisms. Control valves (not shown) are provided, and the control valves supply raw gas to the walls 1a and / or the walls 1b simultaneously or separately at the command of the control panel (not shown). The tubes 2a to 2n, the firing burners 3a to 3n, and the like can be cut into pieces individually and / or as a whole or in groups. In addition, the room 101, the air firing kiln 1, an exhaust port 10 for the combustion gas and the like exhausted, equipped with a damper 11 or the like. In the figure, 12 is a chimney.

Explaining the movement of the combustion kiln 1 described above, the combustion burners 3a to 3n (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the combustion burners 3a) are ignited and the air is supplied from the air supply pipe 7. The raw gas in the vicinity of is burned, and the hot air (and / or flame) generated by this combustion is referred to as the raw gas supply pipes 2a to 2n located above (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the raw gas supply pipe 2a). ) To the second injection holes 20a to 20n (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the second injection hole 20a) (opened in the combustion kiln 1), hot air is generated, and the third injection hole is generated. The room temperature is raised by injecting air into the room 101 from 31a to 31n (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the third injection hole 31a). At that time, the damper 11 is controlled based on the room temperature, time, and intuition (according to the operation), opened in sequence, and the room temperature is adjusted to precisely dry the tile base, cracks, distortion, etc. No firing. When expressing a kiln discoloration pattern (kiln discoloration) on the surface of the roof tile, when the room temperature reaches, for example, 1050 ° C., the strength of the flame is determined from the second injection hole 20a of the raw gas supply pipe 2a. For example, it is controlled based on room temperature, time, and intuition (according to the operation), and is sequentially colored in kiln discoloration (generates kiln discoloration). As described above, regarding the production of kiln-changing roof tiles, it is necessary to control the combustion burner 3a (on / off) and / or the raw gas supply pipe 2a (raw gas injection) even when firing one kiln. By simultaneously controlling the air intake pipe 9 (supply / stop) at the same time or individually, it is possible to secure the diversification of the kiln-changing roof tiles and the uniqueness of the kiln-changing roof tiles.

After that, the air is taken into the room 101 from the air suction pipe 9 and the first injection holes 90a to 90n (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the first injection hole 90a), and cooling is sequentially performed. Normally, the kiln is taken out after a predetermined time (one day and night) has passed. However, in the production of Ibushi roof tiles or Ibushi kiln modified roof tiles, the fourth injection holes 80a to 80n of the smoking gas supply pipe 8 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as the fourth) in the process of reaching approximately 950 °. After performing the work of supplying the smoked gas to the room 101 from the injection hole 80a), it is cooled and taken out of the kiln.

Hereinafter, a preferable example of the kiln-changing roof tile and the method for producing the roof tile will be described with reference to FIGS. 7-1 to 7-4.

A preferred example of firing the reddish brown color shown in FIGS. 6-1 (a) to 6-1 (c) with respect to the graph shown in FIG. 7-1 will be described according to claim 6. As an example, the air from the air suction pipe 9 under the outer bottom surface 1e of the firing kiln 1 is supplied to the firing kiln 1 from the first injection hole 90a, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe 7 and the pipe 6 are supplied. The raw gas to be connected is guided to the firing burner tube (unsigned), the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner 3a of the firing burner tube, and the hot air is fired from the hot air supply port 30a from the third injection hole 31a. The temperature in the firing kiln 1 is sequentially increased by blowing (injecting) into the kiln 1, and the time is about 20 hours. In the graph, it is shown in the upper left.

After that, when the indoor 101 of the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the raw gas is fired from the second injection hole 20a of the raw gas supply pipe 2a connected to the pipe 6. While supplying to the kiln 1, the raw gas from the second injection hole 20a is supplied above the hot air from the firing burner 3a, and the injected raw gas is used to generate a flow of hot air and / or momentum. By directing the firing kiln 1 to the firing tile (toward a predetermined location) and using it for adjusting the shade of the raw gas, one kiln (in the firing of the firing kiln 1), which is the object of the present invention, is shown in FIG. 1 and the example of FIG. 5-2) can be used to fire a large number of color-patterned kiln-changing tiles. Further, by freely controlling the supply and supply amount of the raw gas from the second injection hole 20a to the upper side of the firing burner 3a, a kiln-changing pattern is expressed on the surfaces of many roof tiles of the firing kiln 1. Generate).

After that, there is a firing kiln 1 and a manufacturing method for cooling the fired kiln-changing roof tiles.

In Fig. 7-1, in the example where the kiln-shaped roof tile is reddish brown,
The firing time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The cooling time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The damper 11 of the firing kiln 1 is opened at substantially equal intervals within the firing time in steps of 8% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30%. It also closes during the cooling time.

Within the firing time, the firing burner 3a is continuously ignited. The amount of the combustion gas and the air from the air supply pipe 7 is 75 to 85:90 to 100, preferably 80: 100.

This is the production of the reddish-brown kiln-changing tile in which the injection amount of raw gas is controlled when the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C. within the firing time.

The key to realizing this reddish-brown kiln-changing roof tile is the following operation.

That is, within the firing time, the numerical values (values for 100% opening) of the second injection holes 20a to 20j of the raw gas are as follows.

A. Second injection hole 20a. 30% to 50%, preferably 35% to 45%
B. Second injection hole 20b. 3% -10%, preferably 4% -5%
C. Second injection hole 20c. 15% to 25%, preferably 18% to 22%
D. Second injection hole 20d. 0% to 4%, preferably 0% to 2%
E. Second injection hole 20e. 5% to 15%, preferably 8% to 12%
F. Second injection hole 20f. 5% to 15%, preferably 8% to 12%
G. Second injection hole 20 g. 15% to 25%, preferably 18% to 22%
H. Second injection hole 20h. 0% to 4%, preferably 0% to 2%
I. Second injection hole 20i. 30% to 50%, preferably 35% to 45%
J. Second injection hole 20j. 20% to 45%, preferably 25% to 35%
In FIG. 7-1, injection with the second injection holes 20a to 20n or the third injection holes 31a to 31n is selectively performed with the second injection holes 20a to 20n (sides 20d to 20f facing 20a to 20c). By adopting a structure in which the third injection holes 31a to 31n are simultaneously injected, for example, heat is applied to the front side (the left side and its vicinity in FIG. 1-1) in the firing kiln 1. Burning gas and hot air easily flow, resulting in the situations (b) to (c) in Fig. 6-1. Kiln-changing roof tiles can be manufactured. On the other hand, for example, on the rear side (right side in FIG. 1-1) in the firing kiln 1, the flow of hot firing gas and hot air is reduced, and a normal reddish brown color can be produced. The situation is (a) in FIG. 6-1. When air is taken into the firing kiln 1 by using the air suction pipe 9, air is injected into the front side of the firing kiln 1 and its vicinity through the opening holes 91a to 91d.

A preferred example of firing a smoked black and white color with the kiln-changing tile shown in the graph shown in FIG. 7-2, FIG. 6-2 (e), and FIG. 6-2 (f) will be described. In the embodiment corresponding to claim 7 , air from the air suction pipe 9 under the outer bottom surface 1e of the firing kiln 1 is supplied to the firing kiln 1 from the first injection hole 90a, and combustion from the air supply pipe 7 is performed. The air for firing and the raw gas connected to the pipe 6 are guided to the firing burner cylinder, the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner 3a of the firing burner cylinder, and the hot air is blown from the third injection hole 31a to the hot air supply port 30a. As a result, it is blown into the firing kiln 1, and the temperature inside the firing kiln 1 rises in sequence, but the time is about 20 hours. In the graph, it is shown in the upper left.

After that, when the indoor 101 of the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the firing burner 3a is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln 1 is cooled for a cooling time. In the firing kiln 1, when the room temperature of the firing kiln 1 is 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C., preferably 900 ° C. to 980 ° C., the smoldering gas from the smoldering gas supply pipe 8 is discharged from the fourth injection hole 80a to 0. It is supplied for 8 hours to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour to 1.2 hours to express (generate) a smoldering and smoldering pattern on the surface of the fired roof tile.

Then, after the completion of the smoldering step, the air from the first injection hole 90a of the air suction pipe 9 that was stopped when the indoor temperature of the firing kiln 1 reached at least 900 ° C. to 850 ° C. The silver film is peeled off and exhausted (silver film skipping work) from the exhaust port 10 through the supply of the air and the opening of the damper 11, and a beautiful kiln-changing fist (black and white color) is expressed.

In Fig. 7-2, the kiln-changing roof tile is an example of Ibushi kiln discoloration (smoked color).
The firing time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The cooling time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The damper 11 of the firing kiln 1 is opened at substantially equal intervals within the firing time in steps of 8% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30%. It also closes during the cooling time.

Within the firing time, the firing burner 3a is continuously ignited. The amount of the combustion gas and the air from the air supply pipe 7 is 75 to 85:90 to 100, preferably 80: 100.

This is the production of the Ibushi kiln-changing roof tile in which the injection amount of raw gas is controlled when the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C. within the firing time.

In FIG. 7-2, hot air is injected from the third injection holes 31a to 31n to perform firing in the firing kiln 1, for example. Then, during cooling, the fourth injection holes 80a to 80n are selectively extracted (the sides 80d to 80f facing the 80a to 80c), and the smoked gas is sent to the rear side (right side in FIG. 1-1). Then, the situation is as shown in Fig. 6-2 (e) to (he). Kiln-changing roof tiles can be manufactured. On the other hand, the flow of smoldering gas is reduced on the front side (left side in FIG. 1-1) in the firing kiln 1, and a normal Ibushi kiln-changing roof tile can be manufactured. The situation is (d) in Fig. 6-2. When air is taken into the firing kiln 1 by using the air suction pipe 9, air is injected into the front side of the firing kiln 1 and its vicinity through the opening holes 91a to 91d.

A graph shown in Figure 7-3, shown in Figure 6-1 (b), the red tile, for example, alone, at the time of firing, will be described based on the graph showing a preferred example, claims In the embodiment corresponding to 8, the air from the air suction pipe 9 under the outer bottom surface 1e of the firing kiln 1 is supplied to the firing kiln 1 from the first injection hole 90a, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe 7 is supplied. And the raw gas connected to the pipe 6 are guided to the firing burner cylinder, the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner 3a of the firing burner cylinder, and hot air is blown from the third injection hole 31a from the hot air supply port 30a. It is blown into the firing kiln 1 to raise the temperature inside the firing kiln 1, and the time is about 20 hours. In the chart, it is shown in the upper left.

After that, when the indoor 101 of the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the firing burner 3a is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln is cooled. This is a method for manufacturing roof tiles.

FIG. 7-3 shows an example of a red roof tile.
The firing time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The cooling time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The damper 11 of the firing kiln 1 is opened at substantially equal intervals within the firing time in steps of 8% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30%. It also closes during the cooling time.

Within the firing time, the firing burner 3a is continuously ignited. The amount of the combustion gas and the air from the air supply pipe 7 is 75 to 85:90 to 100, preferably 80: 100.

This is the production of the red roof tile in which the injection amount of raw gas is controlled when the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C. within the firing time.

FIG. 7-3 shows an example of a red roof tile.
The firing time of the first step is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.
The cooling time of the second step is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.
This is a method for manufacturing red roof tiles.

Claim 9 will be described based on the graph shown in FIG. 7-4 and the graph showing a preferable example when the black kiln tile shown in FIG. 6-2 (d) is fired alone. The air from the air suction pipe 9 under the outer bottom surface 1e of the firing kiln 1 is supplied to the firing kiln 1 from the first injection hole 90a, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe 7 is supplied. , The raw gas connected to the pipe 6 is guided to the firing burner cylinder, the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner 3a of the firing burner cylinder, and the hot air is fired from the hot air supply port 30a from the third injection hole 31a. It is blown out to the kiln 1 to raise the temperature in the firing kiln 1, and the time is about 20 hours. In the chart, it is shown in the upper left.

After that, when the indoor 101 of the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C., the firing burner 3a is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln 1 is cooled for a cooling time. In the firing kiln 1, when the room temperature of the firing kiln 1 is 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C., preferably 900 ° C. to 980 ° C., the smoldering gas from the smoldering gas supply pipe 8 is discharged from the fourth injection hole 80a to 0. .8 hours to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour to 1.2 hours, is a manufacturing method that expresses (generates) a smoldering and smoldering pattern on the surface of the fired roof tile.

Figure 7-4 shows an example of smoked black roof tiles.
The firing time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The cooling time is 15 hours to 25 hours, preferably 18 hours to 20 hours.

The damper 11 of the firing kiln 1 is opened at substantially equal intervals within the firing time in steps of 8% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30%. It also closes during the cooling time.

Within the firing time, the firing burner 3a is continuously ignited. The amount of the combustion gas and the air from the air supply pipe 7 is 75 to 85:90 to 100, preferably 80: 100.

This is a method for producing a black roof tile, in which the injection amount of raw gas is controlled when the firing kiln 1 reaches 950 to 1150 ° C., preferably 1000 to 1130 ° C. within the firing time.

Regarding the precautions for the reddish brown kiln change tile (A) shown in claim 6 , the kiln change tile (B) shown in claim 7 , or the kiln change tile (C) by glaze reduction firing. It is shown in the table and shown below.

Seven firing condition management items (antique non-glaze kiln change firing is called (A), antique Ibushi kiln change firing is called (B), antique glaze reduction firing is called (C))

6. As described in "Management of raw gas injection pattern and injection amount" described in (A), the raw gas injection device 10 in the (1,050 to 1,130 ° C.) temperature range from medium-fired to main-fired and aimed-fired. Raw gas is ejected unevenly from the book. It is possible to create a non-uniform oxidation and reduction atmosphere in the kiln at the same time, and to bake 3 to 4 types of artificial color unevenness. An example of this is the kiln-shaped roof tiles (a) to (c) shown in FIG. The original purpose can be achieved. In addition, (B) in order to characterize the old color (aging color tone), the smoking process is divided into three times, and a small amount of raw gas is injected from the upper stage to clarify the old color and color unevenness in the entire furnace. An example of this is the kiln-shaped roof tiles (d) to (f) shown in FIG. 6-2 at the points pointed to by FIG. 5-2. The original purpose can be achieved.

In addition, the above 7. (A) Do not use an air inflow device as described in "Management of air inflow pattern and inflow amount". (B) At the time of cooling (around 900 ° C. to 850 ° C.), at the same time as the damper is fully opened, the air is released 20% and sparsely, and the carbon on the surface of the Ibushi roof tile is burned and burned off. Old-fashioned (aging color tone) black-and-white color unevenness is created in one Ibushi tile.

From the above, there is a good sense of balance between the kiln-changed roof tiles according to the present invention and the old-fashioned (aged-colored) tiles, and even if the roof tiles are re-roofed or the roof tiles are damaged, the work can be done without hesitation. it can. In addition, after thatching or repair, the ancient feeling can be expressed, and many people can appreciate it without any discomfort.

Reference numerals are used for the related members having substantially the same structure provided in the conventional firing kilns shown in FIGS. 9-1 to 10 and the Katsuibushi kiln 1-1, and are indicated by ().

Each of the above-mentioned examples and the like is a description of a preferable example of the present invention. It is not limited to each embodiment or drawing. Therefore, a structure in which a part of the configuration is changed within the scope of the invention, a structure in which the same features and effects can be achieved, and the like are within the scope of the present invention.

1 firing kiln

100 Door 101 Space 1a Wall 1b Wall 1c Inner bottom 1d Ceiling 1e Outer bottom 2a-2n Raw gas supply pipe 20a-20n 2nd injection hole 3a-3n Burning burner 30a-30n Hot air supply port 31a-31n 3rd injection hole 5a ~ 5n Shield plate 6 Piping 7 Air supply pipe 8 Smoking gas supply pipe 80a ~ 80n 4th injection hole 9 Air suction pipe 90a ~ 90n 1st injection hole 91 Fireproof brick 91a ~ 91n Opening hole 10 Exhaust port 11 Damper 12 Chimney X Longitudinal direction Y Short side direction

Claims (9)

A door for opening and closing is attached to the front wall of the firing kiln, and an air suction pipe provided with an air suction port is attached under the outer bottom surface of the firing kiln. , Opening on the inner bottom surface of the firing kiln,
A plurality of firing burners provided with a control valve, a plurality of hot air supply ports connected to the firing burners, and a plurality of raw gas supply pipes equipped with control valves are attached to the side walls of the firing kiln. And
A plurality of second injection holes attached to the plurality of raw gas supply pipes and a plurality of third injection holes attached to the plurality of hot air supply ports are opened in the chamber of the firing kiln.
An exhaust port for combustion air and exhaust gas of the firing kiln, which is generated by combustion of air and raw gas from the first injection hole or the third injection hole, is opened to the outside of the firing kiln.
A plurality of pipes for smoldering gas are attached to the ceiling of the firing kiln, and a fourth injection hole provided in the pipes is opened in the chamber of the firing kiln.
A firing kiln for a kiln-changing roof tile, wherein each of the control valve of the firing burner and the control valve of the raw gas supply pipe can be individually controlled. The firing kiln for a kiln-changing tile according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the hot air supply ports connected to the firing burner are opened in the firing kiln, and a shielding plate is provided on the inner bottom surface on the front side of the hot air supply port. .. The firing kiln for a kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 1, wherein the number of firing burners and the number of raw gas supply pipes are the same. The firing kiln for a kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of pipes for the smoked gas is provided with a control valve. The firing kiln for a kiln-changing tile according to claim 1, wherein the raw gas is supplied to the firing burner and the raw gas supply pipe by a single pipe. A method for manufacturing a reddish-brown kiln-changing roof tile using the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 1.
The combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are guided to the firing burner, and the raw gas is burned by the ignition of the firing burner to raise the temperature in the firing kiln. 1 step and
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, combustion gas is supplied to the firing kiln from the third injection hole of the firing burner connected to the pipe. Injecting the raw gas from the raw gas supply pipe, supplying the raw gas to the firing kiln, and / or freely controlling the amount of the raw gas injected from the raw gas supply pipe. Then, in the second step of forming a mottled pattern on the surface of many firing tiles of the firing kiln,
The third step of cooling the fired roof tile fired in the second step and
Consists of
The firing time of the second step is 15 hours to 25 hours.
The cooling time of the third step is 15 hours to 25 hours.
The damper provided in the exhaust port of the firing kiln is opened during the firing time and closed during the cooling time.
Within the firing time, the firing burner was continuously ignited,
A method for producing a reddish-brown kiln-changing tile in which the injection amount of the raw gas is controlled when the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. within the firing time. A method for manufacturing a kiln-shaped roof tile made of an Ibushi roof tile using the firing kiln of the kiln-shaped roof tile according to claim 1.
The air from the air suction pipe under the outer bottom surface of the firing kiln is supplied to the firing kiln from the first injection hole, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are supplied. The first step of guiding the raw gas to a firing burner, burning the raw gas with the ignition of the firing burner, and raising the temperature in the firing kiln, and
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, the firing burner is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the firing kiln is cooled during the cooling time of the temperature in the firing kiln. When the room temperature is 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C., the smoked gas is supplied from the fourth injection hole for 0.8 hours to 2 hours to express (generate) a smoldering kiln change on the surface of the fired tile. Second step and
Through the second step, after the firing step is completed, air flows in from the air suction pipe provided with the first injection hole, and a silver film is formed from the exhaust port through the opening of the damper provided in the exhaust port. The third process of peeling and exhausting (silver film skipping work),
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 hours to 25 hours.
The cooling time of the second step is 15 hours to 25 hours.
A method for producing a kiln-transformed roof tile made of Ibushi tile, in which the damper of the firing kiln is opened during the firing time and closed during the cooling time. A method for manufacturing a kiln-shaped roof tile made of red roof tile using the firing kiln of the kiln-shaped roof tile according to claim 1.
The air from the air suction pipe of the firing kiln is supplied to the firing kiln from the first injection hole, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are supplied to the firing burner. In the first step of the red tile, which guides and burns this raw gas by the ignition of the firing burner and raises the temperature in the firing kiln,
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, the firing burner is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln is cooled. Process and
The third step of the red roof tile that cools the red roof tile that was fired in the second step, and
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 to 25 hours.
The cooling time of the second step is 15 to 25 hours.
A method of manufacturing a kiln-shaped roof tile made of red roof tiles. A method for manufacturing a kiln-changing roof tile having a black tint color using the firing kiln of the kiln-changing roof tile according to claim 1.
The air from the air suction pipe of the firing kiln is supplied to the firing kiln from the first injection hole, and the combustion air from the air supply pipe and the raw gas from the pipe are supplied to the firing burner. In the first step of the black smoked tile, which guides and burns this raw gas by the ignition of the firing burner and raises the temperature in the firing kiln,
When the firing kiln reaches 950 to 1150 ° C. through the first step, the firing burner is extinguished, combustion is stopped, and the temperature inside the firing kiln is cooled. 2 steps and
During the cooling time of the second step, the smoked gas is supplied from the fourth injection hole for 0.8 hours to 2 hours at each stage where the room temperature of the firing kiln is 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. The third step of the black kiln tile and
Consists of
The firing time of the first step is 15 hours to 25 hours.
The cooling time of the second step is 15 hours to 25 hours.
A method for producing a kiln-changing roof tile made of black roof tile, in which the damper provided in the exhaust port of the firing kiln is opened during the firing time and closed during the cooling time.

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