JP6674518B2 - Dnaでのデジタル情報の高容量記憶 - Google Patents
Dnaでのデジタル情報の高容量記憶 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using elements whose operation depends upon chemical change
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- G16B—BIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
- G16B30/00—ICT specially adapted for sequence analysis involving nucleotides or amino acids
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- G16B50/00—ICT programming tools or database systems specially adapted for bioinformatics
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- G16B50/00—ICT programming tools or database systems specially adapted for bioinformatics
- G16B50/50—Compression of genetic data
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/10—Providing a specific technical effect
- G06F2212/1032—Reliability improvement, data loss prevention, degraded operation etc
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Description
5’側アダプタ:ACACTCTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGATCT
3’側アダプタ:AGATCGGAAGAGCGGTTCAGCAGGAATGCCGAG
5’GAGCATCTGCAGATGCTCAT3’
表1は、バイト値(0〜255)をbase−3に変換するために用いられる、例示的なハフマン・コード化方式の一例を示している。情報を高度に圧縮するには、各バイト値が等しい頻度で出現すべきであり、また1バイトあたりのtritの平均数は、(239*5+17*6)/256=5.07である。1バイトあたりのtritの理論上の最大数は、log(256)/log(3)=5.05である。
任意のコンピュータ・ファイル210を、(しばしば、
と28−1の間の数、すなわちセット{0...255}内の値として解釈される)バイトの列
として表す。列
をハフマン・コードを用いて符号化し、base−3に変換する。これにより、trit
として文字の列S1が生成される。
からのDNAの混合を可能にする)。S5を長さ100ntの重複するDNAセグメント240に分割し、DNAセグメント240のそれぞれを、DNAセグメント240の前のものから25ntだけオフセットする。これは、好都合には、
で索引付けした((N/25)−3)のDNAセグメント240が存在することを意味する。DNAセグメントiはFiで示され、S5の(DNA)文字25i...25i+99を含む。
復号化は、単にステップ720における符号化の反対であり、長さ117のヌクレオチドからなる配列決定したDNAセグメント240F’’iから始まる。DNA配列決定手順の間(例えばPCR反応の間)に、フラグメントがA|Tで始まりC|Gで終わっているか、またはG|Cで始まりT|Aで終わっているかどうかを観察することによって、後続の逆転のために逆相補を識別することができる。これら2つの「配向」用のヌクレオチドを除き、各DNAセグメント240の115の残りのヌクレオチドを、最初の100の「メッセージ」のヌクレオチド、および残りの15の「索引情報250」のヌクレオチドに分割することができる。索引情報のヌクレオチド250を復号化して、ファイルの識別子IDおよび位置インデックスi3、したがってiを決定することができ、またパリティtrit Pを調べることによって、誤りを検出することができる。位置索引情報250によって、DNAで符号化されたファイル230の再構築が可能になり、次いでそれを、前述の符号化表の逆を用いてbase−3に、次いで所与のハフマン・コードを用いて元のバイトに変換することができる。
DNA記憶は、従来のテープ・ベースの記憶またはディスク・ベースの記憶とは異なる特性を有する。この例では、約750kBの情報を10pmolのDNAとして合成し、約1テラバイト/グラムの情報記憶密度を得た。DNA記憶は動力を必要とせず、控えめな見積もりでも(場合により)数千年にわたって実用的な状態のままである。
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20.Kari,L.およびMahalingam,K. DNA computing:a research snapshot.(Atallah、M.J.およびBlanton、 M.(編) Algorithms and Theory of Computation Handbook、第2巻 第2版 31−1〜31−24ページ(Chapman & Hall、2009))
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Claims (9)
- 情報(210)を記憶するための方法であって、
− 前記情報(210)をバイトで符号化すること、
− 前記符号化されたバイトをある形式を用いて少なくとも1つのDNAヌクレオチドによって表し、DNA配列(230)を生成すること(720)、
− 前記DNA配列(230)を重複する複数のDNAセグメント(240)に分割すること(730)、
− 前記複数のDNAセグメント(240)のそれぞれに索引情報(250)をDNA符号化(760)して追加(770)することにより付加すること(750)、
− 前記複数のDNAセグメント(240)を合成すること(790)、および
− 前記合成されたDNAセグメント(240)を保管すること(795)、
を含み、
上記索引情報(250)は、それが付加されたDNAセグメント(240)のヌクレオチドの前記DNA配列(230)中の位置を示すものである、方法。 - 前記合成されたDNAセグメントへのアダプタの付加をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイトを符号化するためにbase−3方式を使用する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記符号化されたバイトを少なくとも1つのDNAヌクレオチドによって表すのに用いられる前記形式が、前記DNAヌクレオチドの隣接するものが異なるように設計される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記索引情報(250)にパリティ・チェックを付加することをさらに含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記合成されたDNAセグメント(240)の交互に並ぶものを逆相補の関係にする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記符号化されたバイトを少なくとも1つのDNAヌクレオチドによって表すのに用いられる前記形式が、長い自己相補の合成DNAセグメントを回避するように設計される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記合成されたDNAセグメントを復号化して前記情報(210)を再構築することをさらに含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って情報(210)を記憶した複数のDNAセグメント(240)からなる、不揮発性の非一時的な記憶媒体。
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| US (4) | US10387301B2 (ja) |
| EP (3) | EP4524821A3 (ja) |
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| KR (1) | KR20150016572A (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN107055468A (ja) |
| AU (6) | AU2013269536B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2874540A1 (ja) |
| DK (2) | DK2856375T3 (ja) |
| ES (2) | ES3028417T3 (ja) |
| IL (4) | IL235954B (ja) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN09960A (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2014152796A (ja) |
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