JP6671707B2 - Greening method of soilless slope - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for greening a soilless slope, and more particularly to a method for inserting a plant growing medium into a hole formed in a soilless slope.

The present inventors have proposed a greening method for a soilless slope which comprises the following three steps as a method for greening a surface having no or poor soil such as bedrock or concrete (Patent Document 1). . (1) a step of planting and curing plants in a cylindrical container containing a mixture of a specific water-absorbent resin, a plant-growing carrier, and water; (2) a soilless slope (a surface without planting soil) Forming a hole of at least the size and depth in which the cylindrical container can be inserted, and (3) inserting the cylindrical container in which the plant is planted in the hole as it is, or inserting the mixture in which the plant is planted into a tube. Removing from the container and inserting it.

In the above step (3), the present inventors, before inserting the cylindrical container in which the plant is planted into the hole, use a mixture (a) of a water-absorbent resin, a plant growing carrier and water or a plant growing plant. It has been found that the addition of the mixture (b) of the carrier and the water-absorbent resin has a very good effect on plant growth.

JP 2012-34648 A

However, since the mixture (a) or the mixture (b) is inserted at the construction site with a shovel or a scoop, it is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In particular, it is preferable to add water and mix the mixture. And, since the above mixture has a high ironing viscosity, it takes time to put it in a small hole, and it becomes a very tired work. A method that enables efficient work is desired.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for inserting a plant growing medium into a hole formed in a soilless slope, and to provide an efficient insertion method.

In view of the above problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that the mixture (a) or the mixture (b) can be easily inserted by swelling by immersing the mixture (a) or the mixture (b) in a bag and immersed in water as it is And completed the present invention.

The present invention is a method of greening a soilless slope,
A step (1) of planting and curing a plant in a cylindrical container having an opening on a side face containing a mixture (a) of the following water-absorbent resin, plant growing carrier and water;
Forming (2) a hole having a width that allows the cylindrical container to enter the soilless slope, the hole being deeper than the length of the cylindrical container;
Step into the hole add plant growth grade carrier and a mixture of water-absorbent resin (b) (3), and in the hole, over which was placed plant mixture of growth grade carrier and the water-absorbent resin (b), the The step (4) of inserting the tubular container in which the plant is planted as it is,
In step (3), after the mixture (b) is placed in a water-permeable bag, the water-permeable bag containing the mixture (b) is immersed in water to cause the mixture therein to absorb water and swell. And then inserting the bag into the hole after the bag has swelled.
Water-absorbent resin: The water-containing gel has an electrical conductivity of 0 to 2.0 mS / cm when 1 part by weight of the water-absorbent resin is absorbed in 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C., and ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C. Of 80 to 1000 times.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the bag is formed of a biodegradable fiber.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the effort and time which insert the medium for plant growing in the hole formed in the soilless slope can be made very efficient.

It is sectional drawing which illustrates typically the state which inserted the cylindrical container which cured the seedling of the plant which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention in the hole of the soilless slope.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Various changes can be made to the following embodiments within the same and equivalent scope as the present invention.

The outline of the present invention is that a plant is planted and cured in a plant growing medium containing a water absorbing resin mixed with a plant growing carrier and water in a cylindrical container having an opening on a side face, taken out after curing, and transplanted. And then inserting the above-mentioned plant-growing medium in a bag into the hole formed therein, and then inserting and fixing, for example, the tubular container in which the above-mentioned plant is planted as it is.
The first step (1) is a step of planting and curing a plant in a cylindrical container containing a mixture (a) of the following water-absorbent resin, a plant-growing carrier and water.
Water-absorbent resin: When 1 part by weight of the water-absorbent resin is absorbed in 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C., the electric conductivity of the hydrogel is 0 to 2.0 mS / cm, and ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C. Of 80 to 1000 times.

After the mixture (a) is placed in a cylindrical container, plant seedlings are planted and cured. The curing period depends on the plant, but is preferably about one week to several months. Curing conditions also vary depending on the plant, but normal curing conditions can be applied. When curing, it may be cured only with a cylindrical container, but if a hole is dug in the soil and a cylindrical container is put into the soil to grow the plant seedlings, the roots can be firmly rooted. The cylindrical container is not particularly limited, but preferably has an opening on the side surface. This is because the roots emerge from the openings and the plants can easily take root after replanting.

The water-absorbent resin used in the present invention has a water-containing gel having an electric conductivity of 0 to 2.0 mS / cm when 1 part by weight of the water-absorbent resin is absorbed in 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C. The absorption capacity of ion exchanged water at 25 ° C. is 80 to 1000 times.
Since such a water-absorbent resin does not inhibit the growth of the root of the plant, it can be rooted well even when the plant is cured in a narrow cylindrical container, and withers even if it does not rain for a long time after curing or after transplanting. Growing plants without. The above numerical range of the water absorbent resin conforms to the description in JP-A-2007-319029.

Such a water-absorbing resin includes a polymer (X) composed of a nonionic water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A) alone such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and an anionic water-soluble polymer such as (meth) acrylic acid. (Y) consisting of a nonionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer (C) alone, a nonionic water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A) and an anionic water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) Is a resin obtained by cross-linking a polymer selected from copolymers (Z) having as a structural unit. It is also possible to use a crosslinked product of only (X), (Y) and (Z), and it is also possible to use a mixture of two or more of (X), (Y) and (Z). It is. Of these, the water-absorbent resin consisting of a crosslinked product of the anionic polymer (Y) or (Z) does not particularly inhibit the growth of the root of the plant, so that the plant can be successfully cured in a narrow cylindrical container. It can be rooted and can survive after transplanting to bedrock without long-term rainfall.
As the water-absorbing resin applied to the present invention, those described in JP-A-2007-319029 can be suitably used.

The carrier for growing plants used in the present invention may be any of those generally used as substances suitable for growing plants, and is not particularly limited. For example, water-insoluble solids such as powders such as inorganic substances and / or organic substances, porous bodies, pellets, fibers and foams can be used. Examples of inorganic substances include inorganic powders (soil, sand, fly ash, diatomaceous earth, clay, talc, kaolin, bentonite, dolomite, calcium carbonate, alumina, etc.); inorganic fibers (rock wool, glass fibers, etc.); Filton (porous ceramic, kuntan), vermiculite, pumice, volcanic ash, zeolite, shirasu balloon, etc.]; and inorganic foams (perlite, etc.).

Organic substances include organic powders [fir, wood chips, wood flour, etc.], organic fibers [natural fibers [cellulosic (sawdust, straw, etc.), grass charcoal, wool, etc.], artificial fibers (rayon, acetate, etc.), synthetic Fibers (polyamide, acrylic, etc.), pulp (mechanical pulp (such as ground wood pulp from logs), chemical pulp (such as sulfite pulp, soda pulp, sulfate pulp, etc.), semi-chemical pulp, recycled pulp, etc.), and other waste materials (paper diapers) Etc.), organic porous materials (coconut shell activated carbon, etc.), organic foams [cereal, synthetic resin or rubber foam (polystyrene foam, rubber sponge, etc.), etc.], organic pellets [rubber and Synthetic resin pellets, etc.]. The above-mentioned carriers for plant growth may be used alone or in combination of two or more as needed. Of these, preferred are inorganic powders, inorganic porous bodies, inorganic foams, and organic fibers having water absorption, and more preferred is soil. It is particularly preferable to use a mixture of a soil and a non-soil-absorbing plant-growing carrier.

When mixing the plant-growing carrier and the water-absorbing resin, they may be mixed in a cylindrical container, but it is more preferable to mix them in a separate container and then add them, since they become uniform. Also, these may be added and mixed at the same time, but after mixing the water-absorbent resin and water to form a water-containing gel, adding a plant growing carrier and mixing the water-absorbent resin is uniform. Is preferable.
Further, a method of mixing the carrier for plant growth and the water-absorbent resin first, placing the mixed powder in a cylindrical container, and then adding water from above is efficient and efficient. In this case, it is preferable to put powder mixed for about 7 to 8 minutes of the length of the cylindrical container.

The ratio of the water-absorbent resin to water varies depending on the water absorption capacity of the water-absorbent resin and the type of plant, but is preferably 1:10 to 1: 1000 by weight, more preferably 1:20 to 1: 500. . If the ratio is 1:10 to 1: 1000, the roots of the plant can be taken out from the side and bottom openings of the cylindrical container with roots in the cylindrical container. Never wither.

The ratio between the plant growing carrier and the water-absorbing resin is not particularly limited, but preferably the water-absorbing resin is 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the plant growing carrier. If it is 0.5% by weight or more, water can be supplied so as not to kill the roots of the plant. There is no. Particularly preferably, it is 0.2 to 5% by weight. Within this range, the plant can be sufficiently supplied with water while fixing the plant more firmly.

The mixture of the plant growing carrier and the water-absorbing resin may be a simple mixture, but a pellet is preferred because it is easy to use. The pellets are not particularly limited as long as they are formed into pellets containing the water-absorbent resin and the plant growing carrier. Among them, two or more inorganic plant growing carriers are contained, and at least one plant growing carrier is water-soluble. Water-swellable pellets, which are ore-based carriers that exhibit more viscosity, are particularly preferred.

The pellets obtained by kneading and drying the water-absorbent resin and the plant-growing carrier are formed in such a manner that the powder of the carrier penetrates into the particles of the water-absorbent resin, or vice versa, and both are in the details. It is more uniform. Therefore, the plant is in a state where it easily absorbs water and nutrients at the same time, that is, a state that is advantageous for the growth of the plant, as compared with a case where the particles of the water-absorbing resin are simply mixed into the soil. Compared to the case where the water-absorbent resin is simply added to the soil or only the water-based gel of the water-absorbent resin, it is considered to be advantageous for the growth of the plant and promote the growth of the plant. In addition, the carrier and the water-absorbent resin are uniform and more integrated in the details, and even if the pellets are firm, the water-absorbent resin absorbs and swells and rapidly disintegrates, so that it can be used as a medium for plant growth. As such pellets, water-swellable pellets for growing plants described in JP-A-2012-080788 and JP-A-2012-080785 can be suitably used.

The above mixtures and pellets may contain components known in the art, such as fertilizers, plant growth hormones, antibacterial agents, trace elements, and fungicides. The fertilizer may be a natural fertilizer or a chemical fertilizer, and any of a fast-acting fertilizer and a slow-acting fertilizer may be used.

The present invention relates to a method of inserting the cylindrical container into another cylinder before inserting the cylindrical container into the soil, or rolling the side surface of the cylindrical container with a sheet, and further curing the seedlings of the plant. It is efficient to remove the cylindrical container from the tube and insert it into another hole as it is, or to pull out the cylindrical container and remove the wound sheet and then insert it into another hole. Since the sheet is thin, it has a slight air permeability and can supply oxygen. It is more advantageous than thicker cylinders and is more advantageous for plant curing.

The step (2) is a step of forming, on the soilless slope, a hole having a width that allows the cylindrical container to enter therein and that is deeper than the length of the cylindrical container.
The shape of the hole is not particularly limited, but is preferably cylindrical. The size of the hole is not limited, but is preferably 40 mm to 150 mm from the viewpoint of the construction work. In particular, when drilling using a rock drill, a size of 60 mm to 80 mm is preferable. With a rock drill, holes of about 75 cm width are usually formed. When the soil surface is a slope, the hole is preferably formed so that the center line in the depth direction of the container is 30 ° to 90 ° relative to the horizontal direction. The depth of the hole is not limited, but it is preferable that the cylindrical container is half and the medium for plant growth is half below it, so that the depth is about twice as large as the cylindrical container, and 40 cm to 1 m is preferable for construction work. , 50-70 cm are more preferred from the viewpoint of rock drilling equipment.

Step (3) is a step in which the mixture (a) or the mixture (b) of the plant-growing carrier and the water-absorbent resin is placed in the hole. About half of the above mixture (a) or (b) is first put into the hole where the soil is low, and then when the cylindrical container is inserted, the roots coming out of the opening of the cylindrical container are mixed (a) or (b). ) Can be firmly rooted. The types and amounts of the components of the mixture (a) used in the step (1) and the step (3) may be the same or different.

The mixture (a) or (b) is charged leaving a depth enough to receive the cylindrical container. If the length of the cylindrical container and the depth of the hole are determined in advance, the amount of the mixture (a) or (b) to be put into the hole can be known. Usually, it is preferable to set the depth to about 1/2 of the depth of the hole. Usually, since the mixture (a) has a high ironing viscosity, putting the mixture (a) into the holes is a very laborious and tiring work. Therefore, in the present invention, a method is adopted in which the mixture (a) is put in a bag and inserted into each hole at the site. In this way, the operation is extremely simplified, and the operator is not tired.

However, putting the mixture (a) in a bag is a difficult operation, so the bag containing the mixture (b) is immersed in water to swell the bag to form the mixture (a), and then inserted into each bag hole. Is preferred. Mixture (b) is easy to bag since it does not contain water. If the bag is immersed in water before being put into the hole, the mixture (b) swells with water and the bag swells. If the bag does not stretch, the size of the bag is set to a size that fits into the hole, and the bag is hydrated and then put into the hole as it is.
If the mixture (b) is to be put into a hole, a certain amount of water may be put before putting the cylindrical container. In this case, it is necessary to measure and enter the amount of the mixture (b) and the amount of water, which is troublesome.

The material of the bag is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed of biodegradable fibers that are buried in the soil and decomposed by bacteria in the soil. For example, a fabric formed of natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, and silk, and biodegradable fibers such as polyamino acid fibers and polylactic acid fibers is preferable.
The bag should be large enough to fit in the hole. After the mixture (a) or the mixture (b) is added, the bag must be immersed in water and then swelled. Since it is necessary to set the size of the bag swelled with water in advance, it is preferable that the bag does not expand or contract such as a woven fabric. There is no particular limitation on the basis weight of the fabric, but it is preferable that the roots of the plant fall out from between the fibers of the fabric together with a certain strength for supporting the bag.
The size of the bag is preferably slightly smaller than the size of the hole, and the size of the bag when inflated is preferably 60 mm to 70 mm in width and 30 cm to 50 cm in length.

The step (4) is a step of inserting the tubular container in which the plant is planted into the hole as it is, or removing and inserting the plant from the tubular container in which the plant is planted.
The method of inserting a cylindrical container or the like into the hole is not particularly limited, but the cylindrical container in which the plant is planted is inserted into the hole as it is.

It is preferable that the inlet of the inserted cylindrical container is substantially at the same level as the surface of the bedrock, and in that case, if there is a gap, it is preferable to put the mixture or the above-mentioned plant growing carrier so as to fill the gap. . In this way, the cylindrical container or the like can be fixed in the hole, and the seedlings planted in the mixture having high water retention are fixed on the soilless slope.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which a cylindrical container in which a plant seedling according to one embodiment of the present invention has been cured is inserted into a hole in a soilless slope.
A cylindrical container 4 in which plant seedlings 3 are planted is inserted into a hole 2 formed in a soilless slope 1. In the hole 2, a bag 6 containing a mixture 5 in which a water-absorbing resin is mixed is inserted below the cylindrical container 4. The hole 2 is filled with the mixture 5 contained in the bag and the mixture 7 containing the water absorbent resin contained in the cylindrical container.

As the plants grow, the roots are rooted in an external plant growing medium via the opening of the cylindrical container. This causes the plant to take root at the transplanted site. The roots also go down from the bottom. In the case of soil, of course, if there is a crack in a hard part such as bedrock, a root will enter the crack and become integrated with the soil and take root. After the plant is planted, it can survive only in the cylindrical container, but it is preferable for the root elongation to be provided with a plant growing medium outside the cylindrical container, which can similarly grow the plant.

There is no particular limitation on the plant to be planted in a cylindrical container for greening, but a seedling is preferred. As seedlings, seedlings of various kinds of trees commonly used for revegetation can be used without particular limitation, but it is preferable to select and use plants suitable for vegetation around the land and plants useful for landscape formation. . For example, Sudajii, Tsuburazii, Aracashi, Virakashi, Shirakashi, Akagasi, Tabunoki, Yabunikei, Shirodamo, Yabutsubaki, Mochinoki, Hisakaki, Aoki, Buna, Mizunara, Hachiwakaede, Yamamomiji, Ikuyakamaya, Shirakami, Shirakanae , Harunire, Sawagurumi, wig, fir, hemlock, pine, kuromoji, mansaku, aoki, japonica, yuzuliha, dogwood, yamashikimi, rhododendron, periwinkle, maple, daffodil, oak, etc. can be selected. Of these, the genus Pinus is preferably used.

In the above step (3), the mixture (a) or (b) is put in a bag, and then the bag is inserted into the hole so that the plant growing medium is inserted into the hole formed on the soilless slope. Work and time can be made very efficient.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Production Example 1) Preparation of a cylindrical container The ends of two sliced pieces of wood (pine) having the same length of 1.0 mm, width 25 mm, and 45 cm, which were immersed in boiling water for 1 hour and dried, were overlapped. One sliced sheet is wound so as to be inclined to the axis of the mandrel, and another sliced sheet is wound while being inclined in the opposite direction. Meet the sliced plate. Four sets were prepared, and both ends were bonded to a ring-shaped sliced wood with an instant adhesive to form a tube. Three thin wooden rods having a width of 2 mm and a length of 60 mm were evenly attached to one of the cylinders so as not to fall down to make a bottomed cylindrical container.
This cylindrical container has a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 5 cm, an outer diameter of 6 cm, and a length of 30 cm, and has 15 side openings (pieces), and a total area of the openings (60 cm ² ) of the side surface area (565 cm ² ). Was 10.6%, and the area per opening was 4 cm ² / piece. The bottom opening was about 80% of the bottom area.

(Production Example 2) Production of a medium for growing water-swellable pellets 60 parts by weight of vermiculite (a commercially available vermiculite is crushed to 2000 μm or less), 30 parts by weight of “Super Clay” (Bentonite, manufactured by Hojun Co., Ltd.) and 30 parts by weight of a water-absorbing resin (crosslinked) A polyacrylic acid salt type, a water absorption capacity of 230 g / g, an electric conductivity of 1.7 mS / cm, a weight average particle diameter of 200 μm, a water absorption speed of 350 seconds), and 10 parts by weight) were added and uniformly mixed to obtain “DF-17”. 200 parts by weight of a 1.5% by weight aqueous solution of a carbonyl group-containing polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Bipovar Japan Vineyard Co., Ltd.) and kneaded with a well-kneaded disk pelletizer. It was dried by heating at 130 ° C. to obtain a pellet having a density of 0.65 g / cm ³ . The pellet was strongly pressed by hand, but the shape was not collapsed and the shape retention was good. When 15 times the water was added to the pellet, the pellet swelled and collapsed.

(Curing)
A mixture of the pellets produced above and 20% by weight of Kanuma Soil / Akadama Soil (1/1) was placed in the cylindrical container prepared above up to 7 to 8 minutes of the length of the cylindrical container. After maple seedlings were planted there, 150 g of water was added to absorb water. Similarly, a total of nine of them were prepared. The cylindrical container was dug and buried in the soil and cured for 3 months. After curing, the cylindrical container was taken out.

On the other hand, it was sewn into a tubular shape having a width of 95 mm and a length of 45 cm (the diameter when expanded into a cylinder becomes 65 mm) with a cotton fabric (basis weight 142 g / m ² ), and one of them was sewn to form a bag. Six such bags were made.
In this, about 400 g of the following mixtures c and d were put in a bag, and the top was closed with a string. Each of these was prepared three times.
Mixture c (mixture of 30% by weight of the pellets produced in Production Example 2 in humus / Akadama / Vermiculite (1/1/1 by weight))
Mixture d (mixture of 1170 g of humus / red clay / vermiculite (1/1/1 by weight) with 36 g of the water-absorbent resin used in Production Example 2)

Nine holes with a diameter of 65 mm and a depth of 60 cm were drilled on the bedrock slope with a rock drill at intervals of 2 m.
The bag was swelled by dipping in a water tank containing water for 5 minutes at the site. The bag diameter was 65 mm. Each was put in a hole, and a cylindrical container containing a plant seedling was inserted into the hole from above (Examples 1 to 6). Further, after mixing so as to have the same composition as the mixture d, 100 g of water was added and mixed. It was put into only half of the hole with a shovel, and a cylindrical container containing a plant seedling was inserted into the hole from above (Comparative Examples 1 to 3). Table 1 shows the time required from the mixing of the plant growing medium to the insertion into the hole. The times stated are the average of three cases.

It was found that when the method of the present invention (Examples 1 to 6) was used, the medium for plant growth could be put in the hole in a very short time, and the work became easier.
In this state, observation was made two weeks later, but it was not dead. It has not been raining for the past two weeks. Six months later, it was observed that all nine plants grew without withering.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Soilless slope 2 Hole 3 Plant seedling 4 Cylindrical container 5 Mixture mixed with water-absorbent resin 6 Bag 7 Mixture mixed with water-absorbent resin

Claims (2)

Greening a soilless slope,
A step (1) of planting and curing a plant in a cylindrical container having an opening on a side face containing a mixture (a) of the following water-absorbent resin, plant growing carrier and water;
Forming (2) a hole having a width that allows the cylindrical container to enter the soilless slope, the hole being deeper than the length of the cylindrical container;
Step into the hole add plant growth grade carrier and a mixture of water-absorbent resin (b) (3), and in the hole, over which was placed plant mixture of growth grade carrier and the water-absorbent resin (b), the The step (4) of inserting the tubular container in which the plant is planted as it is,
In step (3), after the mixture (b) is placed in a water-permeable bag, the water-permeable bag containing the mixture (b) is immersed in water to cause the mixture therein to absorb water and swell. A method of greening a soilless slope, wherein the bag is inserted into the hole after the bag swells.
Water-absorbent resin: The water-containing gel has an electrical conductivity of 0 to 2.0 mS / cm when 1 part by weight of the water-absorbent resin is absorbed in 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C., and ion-exchanged water at 25 ° C. Of 80 to 1000 times. The method for greening a soilless slope according to claim 1, wherein the bag is formed of biodegradable fibers.

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