JP6660299B2 - 飼料原料及びその用途 - Google Patents
飼料原料及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6660299B2 JP6660299B2 JP2016538177A JP2016538177A JP6660299B2 JP 6660299 B2 JP6660299 B2 JP 6660299B2 JP 2016538177 A JP2016538177 A JP 2016538177A JP 2016538177 A JP2016538177 A JP 2016538177A JP 6660299 B2 JP6660299 B2 JP 6660299B2
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- mass
- fatty acid
- feed
- fermentation
- livestock
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- HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N stigmasterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016831 stigmasterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940032091 stigmasterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N stigmasterol Natural products CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCCC2C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004250 tert-Butylhydroquinone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019281 tert-butylhydroquinone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/70—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in livestock or poultry
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Description
以下の試料を用いて、実施例及び比較例に供する脂肪酸カルシウムを調製した。
(1)大豆油油さい
一般的な大豆原油の精製工程における脱酸工程で得られる脱酸油さい(ソーダ油さい)を使用した。
(2)菜種油油さい
一般的な菜種原油の精製工程における脱酸工程で得られる脱酸油さい(ソーダ油さい)を使用した。
(3)各種脂肪酸試薬
パルミチン酸(特級)、ステアリン酸(特級)、オレイン酸(生化学用)、リノール酸(一級)、及びリノレン酸であって、いずれもトコフェロールを含有していない試薬(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を使用した。
(4)β―シトステロール試薬
タマ生化学株式会社製であるβ―シトステロールを使用した。
(1)一般成分
粗脂肪(質量%)、水分(質量%)、粗灰分(質量%)、粗蛋白質(質量%)、及び粗繊維(質量%)は、社団法人日本科学飼料協会発行の飼料分析方法に準ずる方法で測定した。
前記粗脂肪の測定の際に抽出された試料(油分)に内部標準(トリコサン酸メチル)を入れて、基準油脂分析試験法(日本油化学会制定)2.4.2.2-1996に準ずる方法にて定量分析した。
脂肪酸カルシウム含有率(質量%)は、以下の方法で分析及び算出した。上記(2)脂肪酸組成の測定で得られた脂肪酸含有率を(脂肪酸の分子量×2)で除して、さらに〔(脂肪酸の分子量−1)×2+カルシウムの分子量40)〕を乗じたものを、脂肪酸カルシウム含有率とした。
ステロール類組成は、以下の方法にて分析した。前記粗脂肪の測定の際に抽出された試料(油分)0.5〜1gと内部標準(5α−コレスタン−3β−オール)を、300mL容共栓付三角フラスコに精秤した。基準油脂分析試験法(日本油化学会制定)3.3.4−1996(不けん化物)に準ずる方法にて、不鹸化物を得た。得られた不鹸化物に5mLのジエチルエーテルを加え、そこから1mLを専用容器に分取した。分取した液にTMS化(トリメチルシリル化)処理を行い、GC(ガスクロマトグラフィー)分析用検液を得た。この分析用検液を、以下のGC条件にて分析を行った。
カラム:CP−Sil 8BC(0.25mm(I.D.)×30m、膜厚0.25μm)
Inj.Temp.:280℃
Det.Temp.:290℃
Oven Temp.:260℃(50min.)→10℃/min.→300℃(10min.)
ミネラルは、ナトリウムを原子吸光光度法、リンをICP発光分析法、カルシウムをICP発光分析法にて、それぞれ分析した。
トコフェロールは、高速液体クロマトグラフ法にて分析した。
大豆原油を精製する脱酸処理で得られる脱酸油さいに、鹸化価の1.2倍量の水酸化ナトリウム、油さいの質量の2倍量の水を加えて70℃で60分間保温した。この混合物に含まれる油分1g当たり0.317gの塩化カルシウム(無水)を加えて、脂肪酸カルシウムの沈殿を生成させた。
各種脂肪酸の試薬を脂肪酸と反応し得る相当量の1.2倍量の水酸化ナトリウム、脂肪酸の質量の8倍量の水を加えて80℃で60分間保温した。この混合物に脂肪酸1g当たり0.238gの塩化カルシウム(無水)を加えて脂肪酸カルシウムの沈殿を得て回収し、廃液のナトリウムイオン濃度が500ppmとなるまで水洗を実施した。
(1)ルーメン液採取
試験には、体重約400kgのF1ウシ3頭を用いた。ウシは、個体毎に、コンクリート敷き牛房に収容した。ウシには、市販飼料(製品名:そよ風の薫り、日本配合飼料株式会社製)とイタリアンライグラスとを1:1の割合にて混合した飼料を、1日当たり2kg/頭、給与した。
上記実施例1及び比較例1で製造した試料を、牛ルーメン液により発酵させ、脂肪酸カルシウムとステロール類の発酵促進効果の影響を、以下の手順で調べた。
上記発酵試験で採取したサンプル0.3mLを、蒸留水0.6mLで希釈後、0.09mLの過塩素酸(14%)加えて攪拌した。その後、10分間氷冷下で静置し、−80℃で凍結保存した。分析時に解凍し、0.45μmポアサイズのフィルターで濾過した。濾液をイオン排除液体クロマトグラフィーにかけ、酢酸、プロピオン酸及び総短鎖脂肪酸(プロピオン酸、酢酸、コハク酸、乳酸、ギ酸、酪酸、イソ酪酸、吉草酸、イソ吉草酸の合計)の濃度を測定した。
菜種油原油を精製する脱酸処理で得られる脱酸油さいを使用する以外は、実施例1と同様の方法にて、菜種油脂肪酸カルシウムを得た。
比較例1で調製した脂肪酸カルシウムを菜種脂肪酸組成と近似させて調合した以外は、比較例1と同様の方法で、菜種油様脂肪酸カルシウムを得た後、試薬のβ−シトステロールを添加した。
比較例1で調製した脂肪酸カルシウムを菜種脂肪酸組成と近似させて調合した以外は、比較例1と同様の方法で、菜種油様脂肪酸カルシウムを得た。
(1)ルーメン液採取
ルーメン発酵試験1と同様の方法で、ルーメン液採取を実施した。結果を表5に示す。
前記実施例2、実施例3及び比較例2で製造した試料を用いた以外は、ルーメン発酵試験1と同様の方法で、発酵試験を実施した。
前記実施例2、実施例3及び比較例2で製造した試料を用いた以外は、ルーメン発酵試験1と同様の方法で、酸比率、プロピオン酸比率及び総短鎖脂肪酸濃度比率の測定を実施した。
Claims (17)
- 脂肪酸の金属塩及びステロール類を含み、前記脂肪酸の金属塩及び前記ステロール類の合計量が40質量%以上95質量%以下含有する飼料原料を飼料に混ぜて家畜に給与することを含む、家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記脂肪酸の金属塩100質量部に対し、前記ステロール類が0.1〜30質量部である、請求項1に記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記脂肪酸の金属塩の総脂肪酸中に、炭素数12〜24の不飽和脂肪酸が60質量%以上95質量%以下、及び、炭素数12〜24の飽和脂肪酸が5質量%以上40質量%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記脂肪酸の金属塩に含まれるリノール酸とオレイン酸との質量比(リノール酸/オレイン酸)が0.05以上5以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記脂肪酸の金属塩が脂肪酸カルシウムである、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記ステロール類中のβ-シトステロールの含量が30質量%以上である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記脂肪酸の金属塩及び/又は前記ステロール類が、油さい由来である、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記家畜が反芻動物である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記消化管内発酵促進は、消化管内の発酵により、酢酸、プロピオン酸又は総短鎖脂肪酸の生成量を増加させる、請求項8に記載の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記消化管がルーメンである、請求項8又は9に記載の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記飼料が前記飼料原料を0.1〜100質量%含有する、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記飼料原料は、前記脂肪酸カルシウムの総脂肪酸中の炭素数12〜24の不飽和脂肪酸が60質量%以上95質量%以下、炭素数12〜24の飽和脂肪酸が5質量%以上40質量%以下、かつ、前記脂肪酸カルシウムに含まれるリノール酸とオレイン酸との質量比(リノール酸/オレイン酸)が0.05以上5以下である前記脂肪酸カルシウム及び、前記ステロール類中のβ-シトステロールの含量が30質量%以上である前記ステロール類を、前記脂肪酸カルシウム100質量部に対し、前記ステロール類を0.1〜30質量部となるように含有する、請求項5に記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記飼料原料にトコフェロールを含む、請求項12に記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記飼料原料にリンを含む、請求項12又は13に記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記飼料原料の1日当たりの給与量を、ルーメン標準容積1リットル当たり、ステロール類が0.00625g以上0.5g以下とすることを特徴とする、請求項8〜14のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記ステロール類が0.00625g以上0.25g以下とすることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
- 前記飼料原料の1日当たりの給与量を、ルーメン標準容積1リットル当たり、β-シトステロール類が0.00375g以上0.3g以下とすることを特徴とする、請求項8〜14のいずれかに記載の家畜の消化管内発酵促進方法。
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |