JP6654693B2 - 低い初期収縮を実証する一成分窓割り発泡体配合物 - Google Patents
低い初期収縮を実証する一成分窓割り発泡体配合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6654693B2 JP6654693B2 JP2018513625A JP2018513625A JP6654693B2 JP 6654693 B2 JP6654693 B2 JP 6654693B2 JP 2018513625 A JP2018513625 A JP 2018513625A JP 2018513625 A JP2018513625 A JP 2018513625A JP 6654693 B2 JP6654693 B2 JP 6654693B2
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- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CYXIKYKBLDZZNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCl CYXIKYKBLDZZNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KVMPUXDNESXNOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1-chloropropan-2-yl) phosphate Chemical group ClCC(C)OP(=O)(OC(C)CCl)OC(C)CCl KVMPUXDNESXNOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001060 yellow colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
- C08G18/20—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof
- C08G18/2081—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof containing at least two non-condensed heterocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/302—Water
- C08G18/307—Atmospheric humidity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4812—Mixtures of polyetherdiols with polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
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- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
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- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
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Description
一成分ポリウレタン発泡体シーラント(「一成分発泡体」または「OCF」)は、発泡剤及び典型的には触媒と組み合わせたポリオール及びイソシアネートのプレポリマーを含む配合物である。OCFは、非発泡状態で存在しかつ加圧容器から施され得る、ポリイソシアネートとポリオールとのプレポリマーを含有する単一の配合物であることを特徴とし、発泡剤が配合物を膨張させると、プレポリマーは空気中の水分と反応してポリマー発泡体を形成する。OCF配合物は、二成分発泡体配合物とは区別される。二成分発泡体配合物は、配合物の適用まで別々に保持される2つの別個の反応物、すなわち「A−側」及び「B−側」を含む。適用時に、A−側及びB−側を混合し、それらが発泡するにつれて反応してポリマー発泡体を形成する。A−側はポリイソシアネートを含み、B−側はポリオールを含む。したがって、OCF配合物は、適用前にポリイソシアネートとポリオールとのプレポリマーを含む一方で、二成分発泡体配合物は、ポリイソシアネート及びポリオール成分を適用まで別々に維持している。
収縮。発泡体ビーズの表面積の変化を24時間にわたって計算することによって、発泡体の収縮を特徴付ける。発泡を施してビーズを形成する前に、配合物の缶を21℃で24時間保存する。指定された温度及び湿度で、黒いカードストック基材上に、およそ13センチメートルの長さ及び1.9cmの幅の5−6個のビーズを噴霧する。基材上に各ビーズを噴霧した直後にビーズのトップダウン写真を撮り、基材上にそれらを噴霧してから24時間後に各ビーズの第2の写真を撮る。Cannon Rebel(商標)T3iカメラを使用してビーズの画像を撮影する(Canon Rebelは、Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Corporationの商標である)。ルーラーは、黒色のカードストック基材上にあり、分析前に画像を計るために使用される。噴霧の間及びその後の24時間の間に、発泡体ビーズの周囲の温度及び相対湿度を設定値に維持する。National Institutes of Health(NIH)のImageJソフトウェアで使用するために書かれたマクロを使用して、写真内の各ビーズの画像のピクセルでの面積を決定する。噴霧直後のビーズ面積で除した24時間でのビーズ面積の比を計算する。5−6個のビーズの比を平均し、100%を乗じて24時間後に保持された面積のパーセントを得る。
参考のために、7つの市販の一成分発泡体配合物について最大発泡圧を決定した。いずれの材料も、2.0kPa未満の最大発泡圧力値を達成しない。結果を表1に示す。
表2は、各比較例(比較例(Comp Ex))及び各実施例(実施例(Ex))の配合物中の各成分の重量%を示している。得られた配合物の特徴付けを表3に示す。とりわけ、各サンプル配合物は2.7のポリイソシアヌレート官能価を有する。
ジオール2は、2.0の公称官能価及びおよそ2000のヒドロキシル当量を有するポリプロピレンオキシドポリオールである。
ジオール3は、2.0の公称官能価及びおよそ500のヒドロキシル当量を有するポリプロピレンオキシドポリオールである。
トリオール1は、3の公称官能価及びおよそ360のヒドロキシル当量を有するグリセリンプロポキシル化ポリエーテルトリオールである。
トリオール2は、3の公称官能価及びおよそ1800のヒドロキシル当量を有するグリセリンプロポキシル化ポリエーテルトリオールである。
(態様1)
プレポリマー、発泡剤、及び、任意に、追加の添加剤を含む一成分発泡体配合物であって、前記プレポリマーが、
a.ジオールとトリオールとのブレンドを含むポリマーポリオール成分であって、前記ポリマーポリオール成分が、ASTM D4274−11(方法D)を使用して決定される1分子当たり2.3〜2.85の範囲のヒドロキシル官能価の平均ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、前記ポリマーポリオール成分が、方程式(2)に従って計算される1モル当たり4,500〜10,000グラムの範囲の有効平均分子量
を有する、ポリマーポリオール成分と、
c.ASTM D7252−06(2011)e1によって決定される1分子当たり2.1〜3.0の範囲の−NCO官能価の官能価を有するポリイソシアネートと、
d.触媒と、を含むプレポリマー反応物の反応生成物であり、
前記一成分発泡体配合物が、トルエンジイソシアネート及びトルエンジイソシアネートの反応生成物を含まず、前記ポリマーポリオール成分(a)が、前記ポリマーポリオール成分(a)及び前記鎖延長剤分子(b)によって提供される総ヒドロキシル及びアミン官能価に対して40〜85モルパーセントの前記反応性官能価を提供し、前記ポリイソシアネートが、ASTM D2572−97(2010)によって決定される、前記配合物中のイソシアネート及びポリオールの総重量を基準として平均で12〜20重量パーセントの未反応−NCO官能基となるようなポリオール及び鎖延長剤分子に対する濃度で存在する、配合物。
(態様2)
前記ポリマーポリオール成分が、ジオール及びトリオールからなるブレンドである、態様1に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様3)
前記ジオールが、1モル当たり6000〜12,000グラムの範囲の数平均分子量を有し、前記トリオールが、1モル当たり500〜6000グラムの範囲の数平均分子量を有し、数平均分子量がゲル浸透クロマトグラフィで決定される、態様2に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様4)
前記トリオールが、ジオール及びトリオールの総重量を基準として5重量パーセント以上35重量パーセント未満の範囲の濃度で存在する、態様2に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様5)
前記鎖延長剤が、ポリマーポリオール成分(a)100重量部当たり0.5〜5重量部の濃度で存在する、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様6)
前記鎖延長剤分子の官能価の全てがヒドロキシルである、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様7)
前記鎖延長剤分子が、ブタンジオール、ペンタンジオール、及びグリセロールからなる群から選択される、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様8)
前記発泡剤が、一成分発泡体配合物全体の重量に対して10〜18重量パーセントの範囲の濃度で存在する、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様9)
前記触媒が、2,2’−ジモルホリノジエチルエーテルである、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様10)
前記一成分発泡体配合物が、シリコーン界面活性剤を更に含む、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
(態様11)
前記一成分発泡体配合物が、難燃剤を更に含む、先行態様のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
Claims (11)
- プレポリマー、発泡剤、及び、任意に、追加の添加剤を含む一成分発泡体配合物であって、前記プレポリマーが、
a.ジオールとトリオールとのブレンドを含むポリマーポリオール成分であって、前記ポリマーポリオール成分が、ASTM D4274−11(方法D)を使用して決定される1分子当たり2.3〜2.85の範囲のヒドロキシル官能価の平均ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、前記ポリマーポリオール成分が、方程式(2)に従って計算される1モル当たり4,500〜10,000グラムの範囲の有効平均分子量
を有する、ポリマーポリオール成分と、
c.ASTM D7252−06(2011)e1によって決定される1分子当たり2.1〜3.0の範囲の−NCO官能価の官能価を有するポリイソシアネートと、
d.触媒と、を含む反応物の反応生成物であり、
前記一成分発泡体配合物が、トルエンジイソシアネート及びトルエンジイソシアネートの反応生成物を含まず、前記ポリマーポリオール成分(a)が、前記ポリマーポリオール成分(a)及び前記鎖延長剤分子(b)によって提供される総ヒドロキシル及びアミン官能価に対して40〜85モルパーセントの前記反応性官能価を提供し、前記ポリイソシアネートが、ASTM D2572−97(2010)によって決定される、前記配合物中のイソシアネート及びポリオールの総重量を基準として平均で12〜20重量パーセントの未反応−NCO官能基となるようなポリオール及び鎖延長剤分子に対する濃度で存在する、配合物。 - 前記ポリマーポリオール成分が、ジオール及びトリオールからなるブレンドである、請求項1に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記ジオールが、1モル当たり6000〜12,000グラムの範囲の数平均分子量を有し、前記トリオールが、1モル当たり500〜6000グラムの範囲の数平均分子量を有し、数平均分子量がゲル浸透クロマトグラフィで決定される、請求項2に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記トリオールが、ジオール及びトリオールの総重量を基準として5重量パーセント以上35重量パーセント未満の範囲の濃度で存在する、請求項2に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記鎖延長剤が、ポリマーポリオール成分(a)100重量部当たり0.5〜5重量部の濃度で存在する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記鎖延長剤分子の官能価の全てがヒドロキシルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記鎖延長剤分子が、ブタンジオール、ペンタンジオール、及びグリセロールからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記発泡剤が、一成分発泡体配合物全体の重量に対して10〜18重量パーセントの範囲の濃度で存在する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記触媒が、2,2’−ジモルホリノジエチルエーテルである、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記一成分発泡体配合物が、シリコーン界面活性剤を更に含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
- 前記一成分発泡体配合物が、難燃剤を更に含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の一成分発泡体配合物。
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US6103850A (en) | 1995-12-29 | 2000-08-15 | Basf Corporation | Sealants made using low unsaturation polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols |
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US6410609B1 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2002-06-25 | Fomo Products, Inc. | Low pressure generating polyurethane foams |
CA2419059C (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2010-02-02 | Robert Braun | Polyurethane foam composition |
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DE10317881A1 (de) | 2003-04-17 | 2004-11-11 | Consortium für elektrochemische Industrie GmbH | Isocyanatfreie schäumbare Mischungen mit verbessertem Brandverhalten |
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WO2007047661A2 (en) | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-26 | Stepan Company | Prepolymer containing a liquid hardness agent for open cell foams |
JP2010047635A (ja) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-03-04 | Nippon Polyurethane Ind Co Ltd | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム及びその製造方法 |
WO2010073651A1 (ja) | 2008-12-24 | 2010-07-01 | 旭有機材工業株式会社 | ポリウレタンフォーム用発泡性組成物及びポリウレタンフォーム |
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