JP6638681B2 - 燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6638681B2 JP6638681B2 JP2017060668A JP2017060668A JP6638681B2 JP 6638681 B2 JP6638681 B2 JP 6638681B2 JP 2017060668 A JP2017060668 A JP 2017060668A JP 2017060668 A JP2017060668 A JP 2017060668A JP 6638681 B2 JP6638681 B2 JP 6638681B2
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- fuel cell
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- electrolyte membrane
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 156
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 111
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 164
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 156
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000708 deep reactive-ion etching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910008812 WSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002331 LaGaO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
- H01M4/905—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
- H01M8/1226—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material characterised by the supporting layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
- H01M4/8621—Porous electrodes containing only metallic or ceramic material, e.g. made by sintering or sputtering
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
図1は、燃料電池システム2の構成を模式的に示している。燃料電池システム2は、空気中の酸素と、燃料ガス中の水素を反応させて、電気と熱を生成する。燃料電池システム2は、固体酸化物型燃料電池(SOFC)である燃料電池4と、燃料電池4を加熱するヒータ6と、ヒータ6に電力を供給するバッテリ8と、燃料電池4から放熱するヒートシンク10と、燃料電池システム2の外部から燃料電池4に空気を供給する空気供給経路12と、空気供給経路12に設けられた開閉弁14と、燃料電池4から燃料電池システム2の外部に反応後の空気を排出する空気排出経路16と、空気排出経路16に設けられた封止弁18と、燃料ガスが充填されたカートリッジ20と、カートリッジ20から燃料電池4に燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給経路22と、燃料ガス供給経路22に設けられた減圧弁24と、燃料電池4から燃料電池システム2の外部に反応後の燃料ガスを排出する燃料ガス排出経路26と、燃料ガス排出経路26に設けられた封止弁28を備えている。燃料電池システム2は、燃料電池4が発電した電力を、電力線Wを介して対象負荷Lに供給する。
図20に示す本実施例の燃料電池74は、実施例1の燃料電池4とほぼ同様の構成を備えている。本実施例の燃料電池74も、実施例1の燃料電池4と同様に、図1に示す燃料電池システム2に組み込まれて使用される。以下では、本実施例の燃料電池74について、実施例1の燃料電池4と相違する点について詳細に説明し、共通する点については説明を省略する。
以上のように、実施例1の燃料電池4および実施例2の燃料電池74によれば、燃料電池4,74がオン/オフを繰り返して、それに伴う温度上昇および温度降下(500−700℃⇔室温)が繰り返され、線膨張係数が異なる電解質膜36や絶縁膜38や絶縁膜52が形成された第3シリコン基板34に反りが繰り返し生じても、応力集中部であるガス流路48の上端の角部近傍の電解質膜36に極端な応力集中が発生せず、電解質膜36の破損を抑制することができる。また、実施例1の燃料電池4および実施例2の燃料電池74によれば、ガス流路48,76を上下方向に深くしても、ガス流路48,76が横方向にそれほど広がらないので、デッドスペースを少なくして、集積化、小型化を図ることができる。このため、小型で壊れにくく、オン/オフを繰り返すことができる固体酸化物型の燃料電池4,74を提供することができる。したがって、上記のような固体酸化物型の燃料電池4,74を組み込んだ燃料電池システム2(図1参照)は、従来にない用途に用いることができる。
Claims (3)
- 固体酸化物型の燃料電池であって、
シリコン基板と、
シリコン基板に積層された電解質膜と、
シリコン基板の内部に形成されたガス流路を備えており、
電解質膜は電極膜を介してガス流路に対向しており、
ガス流路の側壁が、ガス流路の上端の箇所でフィレット形状を有しており、
ガス流路の側壁のフィレット形状を有する部分の電解質膜に対する傾斜角度が滑らかに変化しており、
フィレット形状を有する部分よりも下方のガス流路の側壁の電解質膜に対する傾斜角度が90度である、燃料電池。 - シリコン基板を平面視した時に、ガス流路の側壁のフィレット形状を有する部分が、ガス流路の全周にわたっている、請求項1の燃料電池。
- ガス流路の側壁のフィレット形状を有する部分の曲率半径が1μm−10μmの範囲内にある、請求項1または2の燃料電池。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2017060668A JP6638681B2 (ja) | 2017-03-27 | 2017-03-27 | 燃料電池 |
US15/903,858 US10727494B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-02-23 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017060668A JP6638681B2 (ja) | 2017-03-27 | 2017-03-27 | 燃料電池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2018163811A JP2018163811A (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
JP6638681B2 true JP6638681B2 (ja) | 2020-01-29 |
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JP2017060668A Expired - Fee Related JP6638681B2 (ja) | 2017-03-27 | 2017-03-27 | 燃料電池 |
Country Status (2)
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US (1) | US10727494B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6638681B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018216099A1 (de) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrodenträgervorrichtung für eine Brennstoffzellen- und/oder Elektrolyseureinheit |
US20230127271A1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2023-04-27 | Hitachi High-Tech Corporation | Fuel Cell and Method for Producing Same |
WO2021240723A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 株式会社日立ハイテク | 燃料電池セルおよび燃料電池モジュール |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2002170577A (ja) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-06-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池用セパレータ及びこれを用いた燃料電池 |
EP1294039B1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2010-01-13 | Panasonic Corporation | Thin film polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method of operating the same |
US7081317B2 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2006-07-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte thin film fuel cell and method of operating the same |
EP1599927B1 (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2019-04-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Electrical power generator |
US7655333B2 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2010-02-02 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Sub-micron solid oxide electrolyte membrane in a fuel cell |
JP2008098070A (ja) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-04-24 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 膜電極接合体および燃料電池 |
WO2009029249A1 (en) | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-05 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Design and fabrication method of thin film solid oxide fuel cells |
JPWO2009096399A1 (ja) * | 2008-01-28 | 2011-05-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電解質・電極接合体 |
KR20120005877A (ko) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 프로톤 전도형 고체산화물 연료전지 제조방법 및 상기 방법으로 제조된 프로톤 전도형 고체산화물 연료전지 |
JP2014123481A (ja) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-07-03 | Magunekusu Kk | 燃料電池用セル、燃料電池スタック、及びそれらの製造方法 |
US10637088B2 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2020-04-28 | Nanyang Technological University | Energy conversion device and method of forming the same |
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- 2017-03-27 JP JP2017060668A patent/JP6638681B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2018
- 2018-02-23 US US15/903,858 patent/US10727494B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2018163811A (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
US20180277855A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
US10727494B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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