JP6625736B2 - オプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップ、およびオプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップを製造するための方法 - Google Patents
オプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップ、およびオプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップを製造するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 216
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
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Description
1.第1の半導体層と第2の半導体層との間に配置された活性領域を有する半導体積層体が成長基板上に用意される。
2.第2の半導体層上に第2の電気端子層が被着される。
3.活性領域に開口部が形成される。
4.続いて、半導体積層体の裏面側に分離層が被着される。
5.半導体積層体の裏面側に第1の電気端子層が被着され、第1の電気端子層の部分領域が開口内に形成される。
6.電気絶縁性の分離層が全面的に第1の端子層上に被着される。
7.半導体積層体、支持体層、および端子層からなる複合体が形成され、一緒に接合されて半導体チップが形成される。
8.成長基板が薄化されるか、または完全に除去される。
9.半導体積層体が局所的に除去され、第1および第2のコンタクト部が被着される。
・原子層堆積(atomic layer deposition)、
・原子層エピタキシ(atomic layer epitaxy)、
・原子層蒸着(atomic layer evaporation)、
・原子層成長(atomic layer growth)、
・分子層堆積(molecular layer deposition)、
・分子層エピタキシ(molecular layer epitaxy)、
のうちの少なくとも1つによって被着される。
Ubr=Ecrit・d
なお、Ubrは絶縁破壊電圧を表し、Ecritは層の機能不全にとって重要な臨界電界強度を表し、dは層厚さを表す。高い絶縁破壊電圧は、高いEcrit値または厚い層厚さdによって達成することができる。層厚さdは、コストの問題および支持力の問題を除いて実質的に自由に設定することができる。これに対してEcritは、材料および堆積方法によって決定される層パラメータである。原子層堆積または分子層堆積に基づく所定の材料の層は、当然、CVDまたはスパッタに基づく同じ材料の層よりも高いEcrit値を有する。しかしながら、ALD層は、該当する被覆方法の堆積速度が遅いので、典型的にはわずかな層厚さ(<約200nm)でしか実現されない。これに対して気相堆積またはスパッタ法は、堆積速度が速いので、十分に短い処理時間内に数100nmの比較的厚い層厚さを可能にする。しかしながら、これに対して、孔および亀裂の結果として層の品質が悪いので(とりわけ被覆温度が低い場合)、Ecrit値が比較的低くなってしまう。後続する原子層堆積または分子層堆積によってこれらの孔および亀裂を閉鎖することができ、これによってEcritおよびUbrの増加がもたらされる。積層体の全体厚さdは、原子層堆積/分子層堆積の成長速度が比較的遅いのでわずかにしか変化しない。気相堆積またはスパッタ法に基づく層と、原子層堆積/分子層堆積に基づく層とを適切に組み合わせることにより、層厚さdおよび臨界電界強度Ecritの両方を、高い絶縁破壊電圧に関して最適化することができる。
2 半導体本体
5 支持体
6 分離層
9 絶縁層
20 活性領域
21 半導体層
22 半導体層
25 切欠部
26 放射通過面
27 主面
31 第1の端子層
32 第2の端子層
41 コンタクト部
42 コンタクト部
51 支持体の表面側
52 支持体の裏面側
61 第1の分離層
62 第2の分離層
63 第3の分離層
G1 測定曲線
G2 測定曲線
G3 測定曲線
G4 測定曲線
G5 測定曲線
M1 第1の測定サイクル
M2 第2の測定サイクル
M3 第3の測定サイクル
N[%] 故障率
U[V] 電圧
Claims (15)
- オプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップ(1)において、前記オプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップ(1)は、支持体(5)と、前記支持体(5)上に配置された、半導体積層体を有する半導体本体(2)と、チップ表面側と、チップ裏面側とを有し、
・前記半導体積層体は、活性領域(20)を含み、前記活性領域(20)は、第1の半導体層(21)と第2の半導体層(22)との間に配置されており、電磁放射を生成または受信するために設けられており、
・前記第1の半導体層(21)は、第1のコンタクト部(41)に導電的に接続されており、
・前記第1のコンタクト部(41)は、前記チップ表面側に、とりわけ前記活性領域(20)に隣接して形成されており、
・前記第2の半導体層(22)は、第2のコンタクト部(42)に導電的に接続されており、
・前記第2のコンタクト部(42)も、前記チップ表面側に、とりわけ前記活性領域(20)に隣接して形成されており、
・半導体チップは電気絶縁性の分離層(6)を有し、前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)は、前記チップ裏面側を前記半導体チップの前記活性領域(20)から電気的に絶縁させ、前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)は、少なくとも1つの第1の分離層(61)を含み、前記少なくとも1つの第1の分離層(61)は、少なくとも1つの原子層の層または少なくとも1つの分子層の層を有し、原子層堆積または分子層堆積によって堆積されており、
前記分離層(6)は、気相堆積またはスパッタ法によって堆積された1つまたは複数の層を有する少なくとも1つの第2の分離層(62)を有し、
第1の分離層(61)は第2の分離層(62)のピンホールと亀裂を充填する、
オプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップ(1)。 - 前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)は、前記支持体の表面側(51)に、前記支持体の裏面側(52)に、または前記支持体(5)の内部に配置されている、
請求項1記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記原子層の層および/または前記分子層の層は、1つまたは複数の層を有する、
請求項1または2記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記第1の分離層(61)は、少なくとも1つまたは複数の電気絶縁性の酸化物化合物または窒化物化合物を含むか、または以下の材料:AlxOy、SiO2、TaxOy、TaN、TiO、SiN、AlN、TiN、ZrO2、HfO2、HfSiO4、ZrSiO4、HfSiONのうちの1つまたは複数を含む、
請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)は、複数の電気絶縁性材料からなる積層体を有する、
請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の半導体チップ。 - ・前記積層体は、第3の分離層(63)を有し、前記第3の分離層(63)は、気相堆積またはスパッタ法によって堆積された1つまたは複数の層を有し、
・前記第1の分離層(61)は、前記第2の分離層(62)および前記第3の分離層(63)によって少なくとも部分的に包囲されている、
請求項5記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記第2の分離層(62)および/または前記第3の分離層(63)は、少なくとも1つまたは複数の電気絶縁性の酸化物化合物または窒化物化合物を含むか、または以下の材料:SiNx、Si-ON、SiO2、AlxOy、TaxOy、TaN、TiO、SiN、AlN、TiN、ZrO2、HfO2、HfSiO4、ZrSiO4、HfSiONのうちの1つまたは複数を含む、
請求項6記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記支持体(5)は、導電性材料、半導体材料、モールド材料、セラミック材料、および/または高抵抗材料を含む、
請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記第1の半導体層(21)は、前記活性領域(20)の、前記支持体(5)とは反対側を向いた側に配置されており、
前記第1の半導体層(21)は、第1の端子層(31)を介して前記第1のコンタクト部(41)に接続されている、
請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記半導体本体(2)は、少なくとも1つの切欠部(25)を有し、前記切欠部(25)は、前記第2の半導体層(22)および前記活性領域(20)を貫通して延在しており、
前記第1の端子層(31)は、少なくとも部分的に前記切欠部(25)内に配置されており、前記第1の半導体層(21)に接続されている、
請求項9記載の半導体チップ。 - ・前記第2の半導体層(22)は、第2の端子層(32)を介して前記第2のコンタクト部(42)に導電的に接続されており、
・前記第2の端子層(32)は、前記活性領域(20)の、前記支持体(5)の方を向いた側に配置されている、
請求項1から10までのいずれか1項記載の半導体チップ。 - ・前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)は、全面的に前記支持体(5)の主面上に形成されており、
・前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)は、第1の分離層(61)と、第2の分離層(62)と、第3の分離層(63)とから形成されており、
・前記第1の分離層(61)は、原子層堆積または分子層堆積によって形成されており、前記第2の分離層(62)および前記第3の分離層(63)は、気相堆積によって形成されており、
・前記第1の分離層(61)は、前記第2の分離層(62)と前記第3の分離層(63)との間に配置されており、
・前記第1の分離層(61)は、前記第2の分離層(62)および前記第3の分離層(63)に直接的に接触している、
請求項1から11までのいずれか1項記載の半導体チップ。 - チップ表面側およびチップ裏面側を有するオプトエレクトロニクス半導体チップ(1)を製造するための方法において、
・第1の半導体層(21)と第2の半導体層(22)との間に配置された活性領域(20)を有する半導体積層体(2)を用意するステップと、
・前記チップ表面側に、とりわけ前記活性領域(20)に隣接して第1のコンタクト部(41)を形成するステップと、前記第1の半導体層(21)と前記第1のコンタクト部(41)との間に導電性接続を形成するステップと、
・前記チップ表面側に、とりわけ前記活性領域(20)に隣接して第2のコンタクト部(42)を形成するステップと、前記第2の半導体層(22)と前記第2のコンタクト部(42)との間に導電性接続を形成するステップと、
・前記チップ裏面側を前記半導体チップの前記活性領域(20)から電気的に絶縁させる電気絶縁性の分離層(6)を、原子層堆積または分子層堆積によって形成するステップと、
前記半導体積層体(2)および支持体(5)からなる複合体を形成するステップと
を含み、
・前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)を、第1の分離層(61)と少なくとも1つの第2の分離層(62)とからなる組み合わせとして被着させ、
・前記第1の分離層(61)を原子層堆積または分子層堆積に基づいて形成し、
・前記第2の分離層(62)を気相堆積またはスパッタ法に基づいて形成し、
・前記第1の分離層(61)と前記第2の分離層(62)とを直接的に重なり合うように堆積させ、
・第1の分離層(61)は第2の分離層(62)のピンホールと亀裂を充填する、
方法。 - 前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)を、以下の原子層堆積法および/または分子層堆積法:
・原子層堆積、
・原子層エピタキシ、
・原子層蒸着、
・原子層成長、
・分子層堆積、
・分子層エピタキシ、
のうちの少なくとも1つによって被着させる、
請求項13記載の方法。 - ・前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)を、全面的に前記支持体(5)の主面上に形成し、
・前記電気絶縁性の分離層(6)を、第1の分離層(61)と、第2の分離層(62)と、第3の分離層(63)とから形成し、前記第1の分離層(61)を、前記第2の分離層(62)と前記第3の分離層(63)との間に配置し、前記第1の分離層(61)を、前記第2の分離層(62)および前記第3の分離層(63)に直接的に接触させ、
・前記第1の分離層(61)を原子層堆積または分子層堆積によって形成し、
・前記第2の分離層(62)および前記第3の分離層(63)を気相堆積によって形成する、
請求項13から14までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
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