JP6597144B2 - Air preheater abnormality determination device and air preheater abnormality determination method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique suitable for management of an air preheater that is a heat exchanger for preheating combustion air by using the residual heat of exhaust gas discharged from a boiler.

In many boiler facilities installed in plants such as thermal power plants, in order to improve the combustion efficiency of the boiler, an air preheater that preheats combustion air using the residual heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the flue ( AH (Air Heater) is installed.
Combustion air from the outside is supplied to the air preheater (AH) by a forced air blower (FDF), preheated by the air preheater (AH), and then introduced into the furnace of the boiler. On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the boiler is swept by a sweep fan, heat-exchanged by an air preheater (AH), passed through a dust collector, and then discharged from a chimney.
In relatively large boiler facilities, a rotary regenerative air preheater (AH) having a large heat transfer amount per unit volume is often used. In this rotary regenerative air preheater (AH), the heat accumulator rotor supported by the rotor shaft arranged at the center of the casing rotates at a rotational speed of, for example, 2 to 3 rpm, and a high-temperature exhaust gas flow passes. The element, which is a heat storage body, is heated, and heat exchange is performed by the element releasing heat while a low-temperature air flow passes through the element.

  When the air preheater (AH) is continuously used, the element is clogged in the air circulation part (heating part of preheated air) due to adhesion of combustion ash and the like. If the air preheater (AH) is clogged, the pressure difference between the inlet duct and the outlet duct of the air preheater (AH) increases, leading to an increase in the discharge pressure of the forced air blower (FDF), and an induction fan When (IDF) is included, the IDF operation differential pressure is increased.

In order to continue the boiler operation, it is necessary to keep the increase in pressure loss of these air and gas systems within the discharge capacity of the forced draft fan (FDF) or the induction blower (IDF). For this reason, when the pressure difference between the gas inlet duct and the gas outlet duct of the air preheater exceeds a certain value, it is necessary to clean the elements of the air preheater (AH) and reduce the pressure difference.
Specifically, the differential pressure of the air preheater (AH) varies depending on the flow rate of the passing gas and air and the degree of clogging of the air preheater (AH), and the increase in the differential pressure affects the pressure resistance of the smoke channel and the ventilation system. Therefore, measures such as washing with water will be taken as necessary to prevent the generator load from being reduced before the summer heavy load season. For this reason, it is desirable to predict the rising tendency of the differential pressure of the air preheater (AH) in early spring.

Here, the conventional method will be described with reference to the flowchart relating to the processing of the prior art shown in FIG. 14 and the graph relating to the prediction processing of the prior art shown in FIGS.
In step S1001, a pressure difference between the inlet duct and the outlet duct of the air preheater (AH) is detected using an AH differential pressure sensor, and an actual measurement value of the AH differential pressure sensor is acquired and set as an actual measurement value a. In step S1005, it is determined whether or not the actual measurement value a exceeds 1.15 kPa. If the actual measurement value a exceeds 1.15 kPa, it is determined in step S1010 whether the actual measurement value a exceeds 1.23 kPa.
In the case where the actual measurement value a is in the range of 1.15 kPa to 1.23 kPa, in step S1015, “SB” is urged to blow off the combustion ash adhering to the elements of the air preheater (AH) using the soot blower (SB). The message “Number of changes 3 → 4 times / D” is displayed.
If the actual measurement value a exceeds 1.23 kPa, it is determined in step S1020 whether the actual measurement value a exceeds 1.5 kPa.
When the actual measurement value a is in the range of 1.23 kPa to 1.5 kPa, in step S1025, a message “SB pressure change 1.3 → 1.4” is displayed to prompt the pressure change work of the soot blower device (SB). .
If the actual measurement value a exceeds 1.5 kPa, a message “high differential pressure” is displayed in step S1030.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 15A, for example, an expected curve of ΔP = ΔP ₀ + 8 · 10 ⁻⁷ · x ² is calculated as an approximate curve calculated based on the actual change of the AH differential pressure in the year. In addition, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the current AH differential pressure is applied, and the trend of the AH differential pressure ΔP after the elapsed days x is predicted, so that the evaluation is performed in expectation of a uniform upward trend. It was.

  In Patent Document 1, in the first period of operation of the heat exchanger, when the heat exchanger is in the first operation region, the flow rate variable of the low temperature fluid or the high temperature fluid Collecting a plurality of first data points generated from one or more of the plurality and one or more of a differential pressure variable or a thermal resistance variable, from the first data points, heat in a first operating region Generating a regression model of the exchanger, one of the cold fluid flow variable or the hot fluid flow variable during the second period of operation of the heat exchanger when the heat exchanger is in the first operating region. Inputting a plurality of second data points generated from one or more and one or more of a differential pressure variable or a thermal resistance variable into a regression model, a low temperature during a second period of operation of the heat exchanger Of fluid flow variables or hot fluid flow variables Outputting a predicted value generated from one or more of a differential pressure variable or a thermal resistance variable as a function of a value generated from one or more of the following from the regression model, a second of the heat exchanger operation Compare the predicted value generated from one or more of the differential pressure variable or thermal resistance variable in the period with the respective value generated from the differential pressure variable or thermal resistance variable in the second period of operation of the heat exchanger And the value generated from one or more of the differential pressure variable or the thermal resistance variable in the second period of operation of the heat exchanger is one or more of the differential pressure variable or the thermal resistance variable The technique which performs the step which detects an abnormal condition when it deviates from each prediction value produced | generated from is disclosed.

JP2013-008385A

However, the AH differential pressure value has a possibility that the subsequent trend is likely to change depending on the degree of clogging at the base differential pressure value, and there is a problem that the accuracy of the differential pressure trend is not accurate.
Conventionally, in daily AH differential pressure management, since the absolute value (measured value) of the AH differential pressure is evaluated, when the AH differential pressure value tends to increase, the cause is the gas flow rate or air flow rate. It was difficult to determine whether it was due to an increase or due to the progress of clogging.
Furthermore, since the past increase value of AH differential pressure is approximated to a simple mathematical formula and a prediction curve of differential pressure value is created based on the actual detected differential pressure value as a base point, an air preheater ( The prediction accuracy is high when the degree of clogging of AH) and other environmental factors are the same. However, since the tendency of the differential pressure to rise changes due to clogging of the air preheater (AH), etc., there is a problem that the prediction accuracy is low when the degree of clogging of the air preheater (AH) and other environmental factors are not equivalent. It was.

Also, because daily AH differential pressure management is performed with the absolute value of the differential pressure (measured value itself), the increase in the differential pressure value is due to environmental changes or due to an increase in mechanical loss due to clogging of the air preheater (AH). It is difficult to determine whether it is a thing. For this reason, there existed a problem of lack of reliability as evaluation criteria of the clogging condition of the air preheater (AH) and as a criterion for rinsing the air preheater (AH).
In Patent Document 1, flow rate variables, inlet temperature, outlet temperature, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure are collected as data at a plurality of points in time, and regression models are generated based on these data. When any value deviates from the collected data group in a combination of temperature, pressure, and flow rate at a certain point during the operation of the exchanger, it is detected as an abnormality of the heat exchanger. For this reason, there has been a problem that a huge amount of data needs to be collected in order to detect anomalies with high accuracy using a regression model.
The present invention has been made in view of the above. As an object of the present invention, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value for an air preheater even with a small amount of data collection, and to a clogged state of the air preheater. It is to be able to easily grasp the degree of progress.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an invention according to claim 1 is directed to an air preheater that preheats combustion air, an air temperature sensor that detects a temperature of air flowing into the air preheater, and the air preheater. A differential pressure sensor for measuring a differential pressure between the pressure of the air flowing in and the pressure of the air flowing out of the air preheater, and an upper limit air temperature representing an upper limit of a prediction range relating to a temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater. The input means, the upper limit air temperature, the air temperature reference value representing the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the differential pressure reference value representing the differential pressure on the reference day are applied to a predetermined prediction formula in the air preheater. An abnormality of the air preheater is determined by comparing calculation means for calculating differential pressure predicted value data representing a temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing in and out, and comparing the differential pressure predicted value data with a predetermined management value. And a judging means. To.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily grasp the degree of progress related to the clogged state of the air preheater.

It is a block diagram which shows the boiler system used as the monitoring object of the abnormality determination apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the rotation regeneration type air preheater shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus of the air preheater which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a main flowchart which shows the long-term prediction process applicable to the abnormality determination apparatus of the air preheater shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the subroutine regarding the data evaluation process shown in FIG. It is a graph regarding a reference point and a monitoring range. It is a graph regarding a prediction range and a receipt balance. It is a graph regarding the AH differential pressure obtained by applying the air temperature at the outlet of the FDF to the long-term prediction formula (1). It is a main flowchart which shows the daily management process applicable to the abnormality determination apparatus of the air preheater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 10 is a flowchart of a subroutine related to data evaluation processing shown in FIG. 9. It is a flowchart of the subroutine regarding the data evaluation process 1 shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the subroutine regarding the data evaluation process 2 shown in FIG. (A) (b) is a graph regarding daily management processing. It is a flowchart which concerns on the process of a prior art. (A) and (b) are the graphs which concern on the prediction process of a prior art.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.
The dimensions, materials, temperatures, pressures, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. Absent. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.
The present invention can calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater even with a small amount of data collection, and in order to easily grasp the degree of progress related to the clogged state of the air preheater, the following configuration is provided. Have.
That is, the abnormality determination device for an air preheater according to the present invention includes an air preheater that preheats combustion air, an air temperature sensor that detects the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater, and an air preheater that flows into the air preheater. A differential pressure sensor that measures a differential pressure between the pressure and the pressure of the air flowing out of the air preheater, and an input unit that inputs an upper limit air temperature that represents an upper limit of a predicted range related to the temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater, Applying the upper limit air temperature, the air temperature reference value that represents the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the differential pressure reference value that represents the differential pressure on the reference day to a predetermined prediction formula, the time of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater Computational means for computing differential pressure predicted value data representing a change, and determination means for determining an abnormality of the air preheater by comparing the differential pressure predicted value data with a predetermined management value. .
By providing the above configuration, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value regarding the air preheater even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily grasp the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater. .
Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a boiler system to be monitored by the abnormality determination device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler system 1 includes a boiler 10, equipment A for the boiler 10, and equipment B for the boiler 10.
The devices of the A system are a forced air blower (A-FDF) 12, an air preheater (A-AH) 18, an electric dust collector (A-EP) 20, an induction blower (A-IDF) 22, an air flow sensor 24. The air temperature sensor 26 and the AH differential pressure sensor 28 are provided. The B system equipment is the same as the A system equipment, and each system is operated in parallel or alternately.
A forced draft fan (A-FDF (Forced Draft Fan)) 12 is disposed between the air duct 11 and the air inlet duct 13 and is circulated from the outside to the air duct 11 by rotating the fan using a motor. The combustion air is introduced into the air preheater (A-AH) 18 through the air inlet duct 13.

The air preheater (A-AH) 18 includes an element that is a heat storage body, is disposed between the air inlet duct 13 and the air outlet duct 15, and receives combustion air introduced through the air inlet duct 13. Passing through the element, the combustion air exchanges heat with the heat of the element to raise the temperature and circulate through the air outlet duct. The air preheater (A-AH) 18 is disposed between the gas inlet duct 17 and the gas outlet duct 19 and passes the hot gas that has passed through the gas inlet duct 17 to the element. The temperature is lowered by heat exchange with the gas outlet duct 19 and is passed through the gas outlet duct 19.
The boiler 10 is disposed between the air outlet duct 15 and the gas inlet duct 17, takes in the combustion air circulated from the air outlet duct 15, adds the combustion air, and converts the chemical heat of the fuel into heat by combustion. The high-pressure water is converted into water vapor using the heat, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the gas inlet duct 17.

An electrostatic precipitator (A-EP (Electrostatic Precipitator)) 20 is disposed between the gas outlet duct 19 and the exhaust duct 21 and removes dust from the exhaust gas that has passed through the air preheater (AH) 18. The electrostatic precipitator 20 generates a corona discharge by a DC high voltage, charges the dust in the gas with a charge (discharge electrode), passes the charged particles through the electric field (between the electrodes), and separates the gas from the gas. It collects (dust collecting electrode) and removes dust. Note that soot is a fine substance that is generated and scattered when fuel burns in the boiler.
An induction fan (A-IDF (Induced Draft Fan)) 22 is disposed between the exhaust duct 21 and the chimney duct 23, and rotates the fan using a motor, thereby removing the exhaust duct 21 from the electrostatic precipitator 20. The exhaust gas discharged through the pipe is attracted and led to the chimney through the chimney duct 23.

The air flow rate sensor 24 is arranged in the middle of the air duct 11, detects the flow rate of air flowing into the air preheater 18, and outputs the air flow rate.
The air temperature sensor 26 is arranged in the middle of the air inlet duct 13, detects the temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater 18, and outputs the air temperature.
The AH differential pressure sensor 28 is arranged in the middle of the air inlet duct 13 and in the middle of the air outlet duct 15, and the actual pressure between the air pressure flowing into the air preheater 18 and the air pressure flowing out from the air preheater 18 is measured. The differential pressure is detected and the actual measured differential pressure is output.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of the regenerative air preheater shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the air preheater 18 includes a heat accumulator rotor 18a, an element 18b, and a rotating shaft 18c.
The air preheater 18 has an element 18b which is a heat storage body for performing heat exchange inside a heat storage body rotor 18a formed in a cylindrical shape, and a rotary shaft 18c pivotally supported at the center of the heat storage body rotor 18a. For example, a rotation speed of 2 to 3 rpm is obtained by rotating the motor. In the air preheater 18, the element 18b, which is a heat storage body, is heated while a high-temperature exhaust gas flow passes, and heat exchange is performed by releasing heat while the low-temperature air flow passes through the element 18b.
If the air preheater (AH) 18 is continuously used, the element 18b is clogged in the air circulation part (preheating air heating part) due to adhesion of combustion ash or the like.
If the air preheater (AH) is clogged, the pressure difference between the inlet duct and the outlet duct of the air preheater (AH) increases, leading to an increase in the discharge pressure of the forced air blower (FDF), and an induction fan When (IDF) is included, the IDF operation differential pressure is increased.

In order to continue the boiler operation, it is necessary to keep the increase in pressure loss of these air and gas systems within the discharge capacity of the forced draft fan (FDF) or the induction blower (IDF). For this reason, when the pressure difference between the gas inlet duct and the gas outlet duct of the air preheater exceeds a certain value, it is necessary to clean the elements of the air preheater (AH) and reduce the pressure difference.
Specifically, the differential pressure of the air preheater (AH) varies depending on the flow rate of the passing gas and air and the degree of clogging of the air preheater (AH), and the increase in the differential pressure affects the pressure resistance of the smoke channel and the ventilation system. Therefore, measures such as washing with water will be taken as necessary to prevent the generator load from being reduced before the summer heavy load season. For this reason, it is desirable to predict the rising tendency of the differential pressure of the air preheater (AH) in early spring.
For this reason, it is necessary to blow off the combustion ash adhering to the element of an air preheater (AH) using a soot blower apparatus (SB). The soot blower device (SB) is disposed on each of the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the air preheater (AH), and blows off the combustion ash adhering to the element by blowing steam to the element.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the air preheater abnormality determination device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The abnormality determination device 50 includes an air flow rate sensor 24, an air temperature sensor 26, an AH differential pressure sensor 28, a control unit 52, a memory unit, a display control unit 56, and a display unit 58.
Since the air flow sensor 24, the air temperature sensor 26, and the AH differential pressure sensor 28 have been described above, the description thereof will be omitted.
The control unit 52 includes a ROM, a RAM, and a CPU. The control unit 52 reads the operating system OS from the ROM, expands it on the RAM, starts the OS, and reads the application software program from the ROM under OS management. Data collection processing and determination processing are executed.
The control unit 52 inputs an air temperature reference value that represents the air temperature on the reference day and a differential pressure reference value that represents the differential pressure reference.
The control unit 52 applies the upper limit air temperature, the air temperature reference value representing the air temperature of a certain reference day, and the reference pressure difference reference value to the long-term prediction formula (1), and the difference between the air flowing into and out of the air preheater. The differential pressure prediction value data representing the time change of the pressure is calculated.

The controller 52 determines the abnormality of the air preheater by comparing the differential pressure predicted value data with a predetermined management value.
The control unit 52 includes an air temperature reference value representing an air temperature on a certain reference day, an air temperature on another day after the reference date, a differential pressure reference value on the reference day, an air flow rate on the other day, and an air on the reference day. By applying an air flow rate reference value representing a flow rate to a predetermined prediction formula, differential pressure prediction value data representing a temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater is calculated.
The memory unit 54 stores data acquired as a result of the data collection process.
The GUI unit 60 executes a GUI (Graphical User Interface) function installed in the application software, so that the screen graphics, graphs, images, and operation buttons displayed on the display unit 58 via the display control unit 56 are displayed. A cursor operation or a click operation from the mouse 62 is accepted, and position information and instruction information are output to the control unit 52.
The keyboard 64 inputs a numerical value to the control unit 52 by a user operation. For example, the upper limit air temperature representing the upper limit of the prediction range related to the temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater 18 is input to the control unit 52 in accordance with an operation by the user.

The display control unit 56 displays the message on the display unit 58.
When it is determined that the air preheater is in an abnormal state, the control unit 52 outputs a message for prompting cleaning of the air preheater to the display control unit 56 and displays this message on the display unit 58.
When the control unit 52 determines that the air preheater is in an abnormal state, the number of removals or the removal pressure related to the soot blower device that removes soot and / or dust adhering to the heat transfer surface (element) of the air preheater. A message for prompting the change is output to the display control unit 56, and this message is displayed on the display unit 58.
When the control unit 52 determines that the air preheater is in an abnormal state, the control unit 52 outputs a message indicating that the dust or / and dust attached to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater has increased to the display control unit 56. This message is displayed on the display unit 58.
When it is determined that the air preheater is in a normal state, the control unit 52 outputs a message indicating that the differential pressure of the air preheater is higher than the reference value to the display control unit 56, and this message is displayed on the display unit. 58.

FIG. 4 is a main flowchart showing a long-term prediction process applicable to the abnormality determination device for the air preheater shown in FIG.
In step S10, the control unit 52 collects a reference differential pressure reference value (ΔP ₀ ) from the AH differential pressure sensor 28 and the air temperature sensor 26, and a reference reference temperature (T ₀ ) as data collection. Is stored in the memory unit 54.
In step S15, the control part 52 sets the air temperature (T) of the upper limit temperature of a prediction range. Specifically, the control unit 52 causes the GUI unit 60 to display soft buttons indicating a plurality of candidate values for the air temperature of the upper limit temperature of the prediction range from the display control unit 56 on the display screen. When the user depresses the soft button, the control unit 52 can detect the operation and set the air temperature of the upper limit temperature of the prediction range in the memory unit 54. The control unit 52 may set the numerical value input from the keyboard 64 in the memory unit 54 as the air temperature (T) of the upper limit temperature of the prediction range.

・・・（１）
に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算し、メモリ部５４に記憶する。 In step S <b> 20, the control unit 52 reads the collected data (ΔP ₀ , T ₀ ) from the memory unit 54, generates a graph by applying it to the long-term prediction formula, and displays the graph on the display unit 58 via the display control unit 56. indicate.
Specifically, the control unit 52 calculates the upper limit air temperature T, air temperature reference value T ₀ , and differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ of the prediction range from the long-term prediction equation (1),

... (1)
And the differential pressure ΔP is calculated and stored in the memory unit 54.

・・・（２）
しかし、ファニングの式をそのまま空気予熱器（ＡＨ）に適用した場合、空気予熱器（ＡＨ）のように複雑な形状を有する機器については正確な値を直接に求めることは困難である。
そこで、上記式（２）の各項を基準とする日の差圧、気温の変化率、及び差圧に与える影響度に置き換えることで、計算を容易にする。 Here, how to obtain the above-described long-term prediction formula (1) will be described.
Fanning's formula is known as a formula for obtaining an accurate differential pressure. Ρ is the density of air, v is the flow velocity of air, T is the temperature of air, Q is the flow rate of air, λ is the coefficient of friction that air receives from the air preheater, l is the travel distance in the air preheater, If d is the diameter of the air preheater, it can be expressed as in equation (2).

... (2)
However, when the Fanning equation is directly applied to the air preheater (AH), it is difficult to directly obtain an accurate value for a device having a complicated shape such as the air preheater (AH).
Therefore, the calculation is facilitated by substituting each term of the above formula (2) with the differential pressure of the day, the change rate of the temperature, and the degree of influence on the differential pressure.

That is, the term (4λ · l / d) in the above equation (2) depends on the air flow state and the shape of the air preheater (AH) when the clogging of the element is unchanged, but it depends on the temperature. Not affected.
On the other hand, term of the equation ^{(2) (ρv 2/2} ) , the density ρ is inversely proportional to the temperature T, the flow velocity v is proportional to temperature. However, it is assumed here that the flow rate and temperature are in a proportional relationship.
By arranging such a relationship, the above equation (1) can be obtained. The above equation (1) is an equation for predicting a differential pressure change due to an environmental change, and is an equation for ignoring the influence of clogging on the elements of the air preheater (AH) and predicting the minimum value of the differential pressure increase.
The above equation (1) is obtained from the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ , the air temperature T (AH inlet), and the air temperature T ₀ on the reference day, and does not depend on the shape of the air preheater (AH) and the nature of the fluid. It is characterized by that.

At this time, the range from the air temperature reference value T ₀ to the upper limit air temperature T of the prediction range is divided by a minute temperature change value ΔT by (k + 1), and T = T ₀ , T ₀ + ΔT, T ₀ + 2ΔT,. .., T ₀ + kΔT, T is changed to calculate a predicted value of the differential pressure ΔP, and a data table as shown in Table 1 is generated and stored in the memory unit 54. The minute temperature change value ΔT may be 1 ° C., for example.

The control unit 52 reads ΔP ₀ , ΔP _{0 + 1} ,..., ΔP _{0 + k} , ΔP _{0 + k + 1} as predicted values of the differential pressure ΔP from the data table shown in Table 1, and outputs the reference points (T ₀ , ΔP ₀ ). , (T ₀ + ΔT, ΔP _{0 + 1} ) to (T, ΔP _{0 + k + 1} ) are sequentially plotted in the RAM space on the memory unit 54 to generate a temperature-AH differential pressure graph as shown in FIG.
In step S25, the control unit 52 calls a subroutine for data evaluation processing.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a subroutine related to the data evaluation process shown in FIG.
In step S55, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the predicted differential pressure (m1 month) exceeds the management value. If the predicted differential pressure (m1 month) does not exceed the management value, the process proceeds to step S60. On the other hand, if the predicted differential pressure (m1 month) exceeds the management value, the process proceeds to step S65. In addition, it is preferable that m1 month is July, for example, and the AH differential pressure value may be extracted from the graph by using the temperature in July.
Here, the management value is a management differential pressure value that serves as a guideline when the amount of dust attached to the element provided in the air preheater (AH) 18 increases and the element needs to be washed with water.

In step S60, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the predicted differential pressure (m2 month) exceeds the management value. If the predicted differential pressure (mFebruary) does not exceed the management value, the process proceeds to step S70, whereas if the predicted differential pressure (mFebruary) exceeds the management value, the process proceeds to step S65. In addition, it is preferable that m1 month is, for example, August, and the AH differential pressure value may be extracted from the graph using the temperature in August.
In step S65, the control unit 52 displays a “water washing required” message. Specifically, the control unit 52 generates text data of a “water washing required” message, converts the text data into image data, and outputs the image data to the display control unit 56. The display control unit 56 displays this image data on the display unit 58.
In step S70, the control unit 52 displays a “water washing unnecessary” message. Specifically, the control unit 52 generates text data of the “water washing unnecessary” message, converts the text data into image data, and displays the image data. To 56. The display control unit 56 displays this image data on the display unit 58.

FIG. 6 is a graph regarding the reference point and the monitoring range.
In the graph shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents time (days), and the vertical axis represents AH differential pressure (kPa). At t <b> 2 shown in FIG. 6, the air preheater (AH) is inspected before the heavy load period. In this inspection, the combustion ash adhering to the element can be removed by washing the air preheater (AH) with water. At t2 immediately after the inspection, the control unit 52 resets the collection data stored in the memory unit 54 as a reference point, and collects data using the period from t2 to t3 as a monitoring range.

FIG. 7 is a graph regarding the prediction range and the receiving balance.
In the graph shown in FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents time (day), the left vertical axis represents AH differential pressure (kPa), and the right vertical axis represents maximum power (MW) at the power plant.
As shown in FIG. 7, the maximum power (MW) at the power plant is lowest from April to May and highest from July to August.
At the beginning of February shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 52 collects data by resetting the collected data stored in the memory unit 54 as a reference point and using the period from early February to early September as a monitoring range.
For example, since August is a heavy load period and it is difficult to stop the power plant and wash the air preheater (AH), the AH differential pressure in summer (for example, July and August) is Predicted at the inspection stage (April to May) before entering the air conditioner, and judges whether or not it is necessary to wash the air preheater (AH) in the inspection at the previous stage of the heavy load period. .

Here, the data collection span will be described.
In this embodiment, it is possible to manage the trend of the differential pressure trend in a daily span by managing data every hour. Moreover, by managing the data based on the average value of the day, it is possible to manage the trend of the differential pressure trend in the weekly span and the monthly span. Furthermore, the monthly average data management enables the trend management of the differential pressure trend over the annual span.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, the AH differential pressure in the summer (for example, July and August) in the air preheater (AH) is predicted based on data collected for two months from February to March, for example. In addition, when the predicted value exceeds the control value, a message indicating that water washing is necessary is displayed for the air preheater (AH).

FIG. 8 is a graph regarding the AH differential pressure obtained by applying the air temperature at the FDF outlet to the long-term prediction formula (1). FIG. 8 shows a differential pressure change prediction with an average value of April 2014 as a reference point and an evaluation example thereof.
When the temperature range is about 30 ° C. to 35 ° C., there is almost no difference from the predicted value in the distribution range E1 of the actually measured values in May, and there is no significant progress of clogging.
On the other hand, when the temperature range is about 38 ° C. to 42 ° C., the difference from the predicted value increases in the distribution range E2 of the actually measured values in July, and clogging progresses.
At around 45 ° C., which is the maximum value of the AH inlet temperature in summer in the usual year, the differential pressure increases to about 1.04 to 1.05 even if clogging does not progress at all.

に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算することで、少ないデータ収集量でも空気予熱器１８に関する高精度な差圧予測値を算出することができ、且つ、空気予熱器１８の詰まり状態に関する進行度合いを容易に把握することができる。 According to the present embodiment, the upper limit air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ representing the differential pressure on the reference day are applied to a predetermined prediction formula. The differential pressure prediction value data representing the time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the preheater 18 is calculated, and the abnormality of the air preheater 18 is detected by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value. By determining, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater 18 even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily grasp the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18.
Further, the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ are set as predetermined prediction formulas,

By calculating the differential pressure ΔP by applying to the above, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater 18 even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily advance the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 Can grasp.

Second Embodiment
The boiler system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention is applied to the boiler system which concerns on 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. Moreover, the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus of the air preheater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention is applied to the structure of the abnormality determination apparatus of the air preheater which concerns on 1st Embodiment shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a main flowchart showing daily management processing applicable to the abnormality determination device for an air preheater according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In step S110, the control unit 52 collects reference data from the air flow rate sensor 24, the AH differential pressure sensor 28, and the air temperature sensor 26 as a reference differential pressure reference value (ΔP ₀ ) and temperature reference value (T ₀ ). And the air flow reference value (Q ₀ ) are collected, and the collected data is stored in the memory unit 54.

  In step S115, the control unit 52 collects the evaluation target data used for calculating the theoretical value at every hour or every hour at the temperature (T) from the air temperature sensor 26, the air flow rate (Q) from the air flow sensor 24, The differential pressure (ΔP) is collected from the AH differential pressure sensor 28 and the collected data is stored in the memory unit 54.

  For example, as shown in Table 2, the collected data for every hour on the hour is stored in the memory unit 54.

In step S120, the control unit 52 averages the average temperature value (T _AVE ) obtained by averaging the temperature (T) and the average air value obtained by averaging the air flow rate (Q) as the daily average value of the collected data read from the memory unit 54. An average differential pressure value (ΔP _AVE ) obtained by averaging the flow rate value (Q _AVE ) and the differential pressure (ΔP) is calculated, and each average value data is stored in the memory unit 54.
For example, the average temperature value (T _AVE ) is calculated based on T _{00 to} T ₂₃ corresponding to t ₀₀ to t ₂₃ read from the memory unit 54.
T _AVE = (T ₀₀ ... + T ₁₂ +... + T ₂₃ ) / 24

・・・（３）
当てはめて、ΔＰである差圧理論値ΔＰ_ｂ（差圧予測値）を演算し、メモリ部５４に記憶する。 Similarly to the method for calculating the average temperature value (T _AVE ), the average air flow value (Q _AVE ) and the average differential pressure value (ΔP _AVE ) are calculated based on the collected data read from the memory unit 54.
In step S <b> 125, the control unit 52 performs calculation by applying each reference value data and each average value data to the daily management calculation formula (prediction formula (3)), and stores the calculation result data in the memory unit 54.
Specifically, the control unit 52 sets the average temperature value (T _AVE ) to T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , the average air flow value (Q _AVE ) to Q, the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP. _For each of the daily management prediction formula (3),

... (3)
By applying this, a differential pressure theoretical value ΔP _b (differential pressure predicted value) which is ΔP is calculated and stored in the memory unit 54.

Here, how to obtain the above-described daily management prediction formula (3) will be described.
In the first embodiment, the long-term prediction equation (1) obtained by modifying Fanning's equation (2) is applied with the upper limit air temperature T, air temperature reference value T ₀ , and differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ of the prediction range. ΔP was calculated.
On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the differential pressure ΔP is calculated by applying the prediction formula (3) of daily management including the air flow rate Q and the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ .
In the second embodiment, calculation is facilitated by substituting each term of Fanning's equation (2) with the differential pressure of the day, the rate of change of the flow rate and the temperature, and the degree of influence on the differential pressure. Since the actual value of the flow rate is used, a future differential pressure value cannot be calculated as in the long-term prediction formula (1), but more accurate determination regarding clogging progress evaluation is possible in real time.

That is, the term (4λ · l / d) in Fanning's equation (2) depends on the air flow and the shape of the air preheater (AH) when the clogging of the element is unchanged, but it depends on the air temperature. Is not affected.
On the other hand, term of equation Fanning ^{(2) (ρv 2/2} ) , the density ρ is inversely proportional to the temperature T, the flow velocity v ² is proportional to the square of the flow rate. However, the flow rate is treated as an independent parameter here.
By arranging such a relationship, the above equation (3) can be obtained. The above formula (3) is a formula for calculating the differential pressure change considering only the environmental change, and is the theoretical value of the differential pressure increase when there is no progress of clogging with respect to the element of the air preheater (AH).
The above equation (3) is obtained from the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ , the air temperature T, the reference day air temperature T ₀ , the air flow rate Q, and the reference day air flow rate Q _0, and the shape of the air preheater (AH). It is also characterized by not being influenced by the nature of the fluid.

In step S130, the control unit 52 generates and displays a graph based on the differential pressure average value (ΔP _AVE ) and the differential pressure theoretical value ΔP _b . Specifically, the control unit 52 sets the average differential pressure value (ΔP _AVE ) calculated in step S120 and the differential pressure theoretical value ΔP _b (differential pressure predicted value) calculated in step S125 as the vertical position, and the current date ( YY, MM, DD) are combined as horizontal positions to generate and display a graph plotting dots with current measured values and theoretical values.
As a result, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the graph plotted by the daily management process is updated every day.
Next, in step S135, the control unit 52 calls a subroutine for data evaluation processing.
Next, in step S140, the control unit 52 determines whether to stop the daily management process. Specifically, the control unit 52 causes the GUI unit 60 to display a soft button 70 indicating “stop” from the display control unit 56 on the display screen, as shown in FIGS. When the user presses down the soft button 70 using the mouse 62, the control unit 52 detects the operation and stops the daily management process.
On the other hand, when the soft button 70 indicating “stop” is not pressed down, the control unit 52 proceeds to step S115 and continues the daily management process, as shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b). For example, a graph related to daily management processing can be generated over four months.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a subroutine related to the data evaluation process shown in FIG.
In step S150, the control unit 52 initially sets the values of the flags F1 to F3 to 0 and stores them in the memory unit 54.
In step S155, the control unit 52 calls a subroutine of the data evaluation process 1.
Here, the data evaluation process 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a subroutine related to the data evaluation process 1 shown in FIG.
In step S210, the control unit 52 sets the actual measurement value (differential pressure average value (ΔP _AVE )) acquired from the memory unit 54 to a, and sets the theoretical value (differential pressure theoretical value ΔP _b ) acquired from the memory unit 54 to b. Let c be the counter.
In step S215, the control unit 52 sets the counter c = 0.
In step S220, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the actual measurement value a is larger than the theoretical value b. If the actual measurement value a is larger than the theoretical value b, the process proceeds to step S225. If the actual measurement value a is not larger than the theoretical value b, the data evaluation process 1 is finished and the process returns.
When the actual measurement value a is larger than the theoretical value b, in step S225, the control unit 52 calculates an error P (P = a−b) between the actual measurement value a and the theoretical value b.

In step S230, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the error P is larger than 0.05 kPa. If the error P is larger than 0.05 kPa, the process proceeds to step S230. If the error P is 0.05 kPa or less, the data evaluation process 1 is finished and the process returns.
When the error P is larger than 0.05 kPa, in step S235, the control unit 52 increments the counter c by setting the counter c = c + 1.
In step S240, the control unit 52 determines whether the counter c is 3 or more. When the counter c is 3 or more, the process proceeds to step S245, and when the counter c is less than 3, the process proceeds to step S220.
When the counter c is 3 or more, in step S245, the control unit 52 sets the flag F1 = 1 in the memory unit 54. Here, the flag F1 = 1 indicates that the error P between the actual measurement value a and the theoretical value b is greater than 0.05 kPa three times.
Next, in step S 250, the control unit 52 outputs a “clogging increase” message to the display control unit 56 and displays this message on the display unit 58. Next, the control unit 52 finishes the data evaluation process 1 and returns.

Returning to FIG. 10, in step S160, the control unit 52 calls a subroutine of the data evaluation process 2.
Here, the data evaluation process 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a subroutine related to the data evaluation process 2 shown in FIG.
In step S310, the control unit 52 sets a measured value acquired from the memory unit 54 as a.
In step S315, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the actual measurement value a is greater than 1.15 kPa. If the actual measurement value a is larger than 1.15 kPa, the process proceeds to step S320. On the other hand, when the actual measurement value a is 1.15 kPa or less, the data evaluation process 2 is finished and the process returns.
When the measured value a is larger than 1.15 kPa, in step S320, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the measured value a is larger than 1.23 kPa. If the actual measurement value a is greater than 1.23 kPa, the process proceeds to step S330. On the other hand, when the measured value a is 1.23 kPa or less, the process proceeds to step S325.

When the measured value a is 1.23 kPa or less, in step S325, the control unit 52 sets the flag F2 = 1 in the memory unit 54. Here, the flag F2 = 1 represents a case where the actual measurement value a is between 1.15 kPa and 1.23 kPa.
Next, the control unit 52 finishes the data evaluation process 1 and returns.
On the other hand, when the measured value a is larger than 1.23 kPa, in step S330, the control unit 52 determines whether or not the measured value a is larger than 1.5 kPa. If the actual measurement value a is larger than 1.5 kPa, the process proceeds to step S340. On the other hand, if the measured value a is 1.5 kPa or less, the process proceeds to step S335.
When the measured value a is 1.5 kPa or less, in step S335, the control unit 52 sets the flag F3 = 1 in the memory unit 54. Here, the flag F3 = 1 represents a case where the actual measurement value a is between 1.23 kPa and 1.5 kPa.
Next, the control unit 52 finishes the data evaluation process 1 and returns.
On the other hand, in step S 340, the control unit 52 outputs a “high differential pressure” message to the display control unit 56 and displays this message on the display unit 58. Next, the control unit 52 finishes the data evaluation process 1 and returns.

Next, returning to FIG. 10, in step S165, the control unit 52 reads the flag F1 and the flag F2 from the memory unit 54, multiplies the value of the flag F1 and the value of the flag F2, and whether the product becomes 1 or not. Judge whether or not. If the product of the flags F1 and F2 is 1, the process proceeds to step S170. On the other hand, when the product of the flags F1 and F2 becomes 0, the process proceeds to step S175.
When the product of the flags F1 and F2 is 1, that is, the error P between the actual measurement value a and the theoretical value b is greater than 0.05 kPa, and the actual measurement value a is 1.15 kPa to 1. If it is between 23 kPa, in step S170, the control unit 52 outputs a “SB number change 3 → 4 times / D” message to the display control unit 56 and displays this message on the display unit 58.
The user visually confirms the message “SB number change 3 → 4 times / D” displayed on the display unit 58, and the combustion ash adhering to the elements of the air preheater (AH) 18 using the soot blower device (SB). The work to blow off is changed from 3 times to 4 times per day.

Next, in step S175, the control unit 52 reads the flag F1 and the flag F3 from the memory unit 54, multiplies the value of the flag F1 and the value of the flag F3, and determines whether or not the product is 1. If the product of the flags F1 and F3 is 1, the process proceeds to step S180. On the other hand, when the product of the flags F1 and F3 becomes 0, the control unit 52 finishes the data evaluation process and returns.
When the product of the flags F1 and F3 is 1, that is, the error P between the measured value a and the theoretical value b is greater than 0.05 kPa, and the measured value a is 1.23 kPa to 1. If it is between 5 kPa, in step S180, the control unit 52 outputs a “SB pressure change 1.3 → 1.4” message to the display control unit 56 and displays this message on the display unit 58.
The user visually confirms the message “SB pressure change 1.3 → 1.4” displayed on the display unit 58, and the combustion adhering to the element of the air preheater (AH) 18 using the soot blower device (SB). The pressure at the time of the ash blowing operation is changed from 1.3 kPa to 1.4 kPa.

13A and 13B are graphs related to daily management processing. 13 (a) and 13 (b) show values from May to August 2014 as a comparative example between the actual measurement value and the theoretical value, and the reference value is, for example, an average of one month in April. Is adopted.
FIG. 13A shows that clogging has not progressed so much as of August.
On the other hand, FIG. 13B shows that the progress of clogging is small at June as compared with April, but clogging is increased at August.
Thereby, it becomes easy to visually confirm that the difference between the theoretical value and the actual measurement value regarding the differential pressure increases and decreases with time.

According to this embodiment, the air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature of a certain reference day, the air temperature T of another day after the reference date, the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ of the reference day, and the air of the other day By applying the flow rate Q and the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ representing the air flow rate on the reference day to the prediction formula (2) for daily management, the differential pressure prediction value representing the time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18. By calculating the data and comparing the differential pressure predicted value data with a predetermined management value to determine the abnormality of the air preheater 18, a highly accurate differential pressure related to the air preheater 18 can be obtained even with a small amount of data collection. The predicted value data ΔP _b can be calculated, and the progress degree related to the clogged state of the air preheater 18 can be easily grasped.

に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算することで、少ないデータ収集量でも空気予熱器１８に関する高精度な差圧予測値を算出することができ、且つ、空気予熱器１８の詰まり状態に関する進行度合いを容易に把握することができる。 Further, the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , the air flow rate Q, the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ are used as a daily management prediction formula (2),

By calculating the differential pressure ΔP by applying to the above, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater 18 even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily advance the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 Can grasp.

<Configuration, operation and effect of exemplary embodiment of the present invention>
<First aspect>
The abnormality determination device 50 for the air preheater 18 according to this aspect includes an air preheater 18 that preheats combustion air, an air temperature sensor 26 that detects the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater 18, and the air preheater 18. A differential pressure sensor 28 that measures the actual differential pressure between the pressure of the air that flows in and the pressure of the air that flows out of the air preheater 18, and the upper limit air that represents the upper limit of the prediction range related to the temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater A long-term prediction formula includes a keyboard 64 (input means) for inputting temperature, an upper limit air temperature T, an air temperature reference value T ₀ representing an air temperature on a certain reference day, and a differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ representing a differential pressure on the reference day Applying to (1), the controller 52 that calculates the differential pressure prediction value data representing the temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18, and compares the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value. Abnormalities of the air preheater 18 And determining the control unit 52, characterized in that it comprises a.
According to this aspect, the air preheater is applied by applying the upper limit air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ representing the differential pressure on the reference day to the predetermined prediction formula. The differential pressure prediction value data representing the time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air 18 is calculated, and the abnormality of the air preheater 18 is determined by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value. Thus, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater 18 even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily grasp the degree of progress related to the clogged state of the air preheater 18.

に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算することを特徴とする。
本態様によれば、空気温度Ｔ、空気温度基準値Ｔ_０、及び差圧基準値ΔＰ_０を所定の予測式として、

に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算することで、少ないデータ収集量でも空気予熱器１８に関する高精度な差圧予測値を算出することができ、且つ、空気予熱器１８の詰まり状態に関する進行度合いを容易に把握することができる。 <Second aspect>
The control unit 52 of this aspect uses the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ as predetermined prediction formulas.

To calculate the differential pressure ΔP.
According to this aspect, the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ are set as predetermined prediction formulas.

By calculating the differential pressure ΔP by applying to the above, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater 18 even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily advance the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 Can grasp.

<Third aspect>
The abnormality determination device 50 for the air preheater 18 according to this aspect includes an air preheater 18 that preheats combustion air, an air temperature sensor 26 that detects the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater 18, and the air preheater 18. A differential pressure sensor 28 for measuring the pressure difference between the pressure of the air flowing in and the pressure of the air flowing out of the air preheater 18, an air flow sensor 24 for detecting the flow rate of the air flowing into the air preheater 18, and a reference Air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature of the day, air temperature T of the other day after the reference date, differential pressure reference value ΔP _{0 of} the reference day, air flow Q of the other day, and air flow of the reference day A control unit 52 that calculates the differential pressure predicted value data ΔP _b representing the time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18 by applying the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ representing the daily flow to the prediction formula (2) of daily management. And the differential pressure prediction value data and the specified management value The control part 52 which determines abnormality of the air preheater 18 by doing is provided, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
According to this aspect, the air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature of a certain reference day, the air temperature T of the other day after the reference date, the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ of the reference day, and the air flow rate of the other day Q and the air pressure reference value Q ₀ representing the air flow on the reference day are applied to the daily management prediction formula (2), and the differential pressure prediction value data representing the temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18. Is calculated, and the abnormality of the air preheater 18 is determined by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value, so that the differential pressure prediction regarding the air preheater 18 can be performed with high accuracy even with a small amount of data collection. The value data ΔP _b can be calculated, and the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 can be easily grasped.

に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算することを特徴とする。
本態様によれば、空気温度Ｔ、空気温度基準値Ｔ_０、空気流量Ｑ、空気流量基準値Ｑ_０、及び差圧基準値ΔＰ_０を日常管理の予測式（２）として、

に当てはめて差圧ΔＰを演算することで、少ないデータ収集量でも空気予熱器１８に関する高精度な差圧予測値を算出することができ、且つ、空気予熱器１８の詰まり状態に関する進行度合いを容易に把握することができる。 <4th aspect>
The control unit 52 of this aspect uses the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , the air flow rate Q, the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ as a daily management prediction formula (2),

To calculate the differential pressure ΔP.
According to this aspect, the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value T ₀ , the air flow rate Q, the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ , and the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ are used as the daily management prediction formula (2),

By calculating the differential pressure ΔP by applying to the above, it is possible to calculate a highly accurate differential pressure prediction value related to the air preheater 18 even with a small amount of data collection, and to easily advance the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 Can grasp.

<5th aspect>
The abnormality determination device 50 for the air preheater 18 according to this aspect includes display means for displaying a message. When the determination means determines that the air preheater 18 is in an abnormal state, the air preheater 18 is cleaned. A message for prompting is displayed on the display means.
According to this aspect, when it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in an abnormal state, the clogged state of the air preheater 18 is advanced by displaying a message prompting the air preheater 18 to be cleaned on the display means. It can be easily grasped that it is in a state that requires cleaning.

<Sixth aspect>
When it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in an abnormal state, the control unit 52 of this aspect changes the number of removals or the removal pressure related to the soot blower device that removes the dust adhering to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater 18. A message for prompting is displayed on the display means.
According to this aspect, when it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in an abnormal state, it is urged to change the number of removals or the removal pressure related to the soot blower device that removes the dust adhering to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater 18. By displaying the message on the display means, it is possible to visually confirm a message prompting a change in the number of removals or removal pressure related to the soot blower device.

<Seventh aspect>
When it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in an abnormal state, the control unit 52 according to the present aspect displays a message indicating that the dust attached to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater 18 has increased on the display unit. It is characterized by.
According to this aspect, when it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in an abnormal state, a message indicating that the amount of soot adhering to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater 18 has increased is displayed on the display means. A message indicating that the dust adhering to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater 18 has increased can be visually confirmed.

<Eighth aspect>
When it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in a normal state, the control unit 52 of this aspect displays a message indicating that the differential pressure of the air preheater 18 is lower than the reference value on the display unit. And
According to this aspect, when it is determined that the air preheater 18 is in a normal state, the air preheater 18 displays a message indicating that the differential pressure of the air preheater 18 is lower than the reference value on the display means. A message indicating that the differential pressure of the vessel 18 is lower than the reference value can be visually confirmed.

<Ninth aspect>
The abnormality determination method of this aspect includes an air preheater 18 that preheats combustion air, an air temperature sensor that detects the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater 18, and the pressure and air of the air flowing into the air preheater 18. An abnormality determination method by an abnormality determination device of the air preheater 18 comprising: a differential pressure sensor that detects an actual differential pressure with respect to the pressure of air flowing out of the preheater 18 and outputs a measured differential pressure value. An input step (S15) for inputting the upper limit air temperature representing the upper limit of the prediction range relating to the temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater 18, the air temperature T, the air temperature reference value representing the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the reference A calculation step (S20) for calculating differential pressure predicted value data representing a temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18 by applying a differential pressure reference value representing the differential pressure of the day to a predetermined prediction formula; Differential pressure prediction value data and predetermined A determination step of determining an abnormality of the air preheater 18 by comparing the physical value (S55, S60), characterized by the execution.
According to this aspect, the air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature of a certain reference day, the air temperature T of the other day after the reference date, the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ of the reference day, and the air flow rate of the other day Q and the air pressure reference value Q ₀ representing the air flow on the reference day are applied to the daily management prediction formula (2), and the differential pressure prediction value data representing the temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18. Is calculated, and the abnormality of the air preheater 18 is determined by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value, so that the differential pressure prediction regarding the air preheater 18 can be performed with high accuracy even with a small amount of data collection. The value data ΔP _b can be calculated, and the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 can be easily grasped.

<10th aspect>
The abnormality determination device 50 for the air preheater 18 according to this aspect includes an air preheater 18 that preheats combustion air, an air temperature sensor 26 that detects the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater 18, and the air preheater 18. A differential pressure sensor 28 for measuring the pressure difference between the pressure of the air flowing in and the pressure of the air flowing out of the air preheater 18, an air flow sensor 24 for detecting the flow rate of the air flowing into the air preheater 18, and a reference Air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature of the day, air temperature T of the other day after the reference date, differential pressure reference value ΔP _{0 of} the reference day, air flow Q of the other day, and air flow of the reference day A calculation step for calculating the differential pressure predicted value data ΔP _b indicating the time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18 by applying the air flow rate reference value Q ₀ representing the value to the prediction formula (2) of daily management. S130), the differential pressure prediction value data, and a predetermined value A determination step (S135) for determining an abnormality of the air preheater 18 by comparing the control value is performed.
According to this aspect, the air temperature reference value T ₀ representing the air temperature of a certain reference day, the air temperature T of the other day after the reference date, the differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ of the reference day, and the air flow rate of the other day Q and the air pressure reference value Q ₀ representing the air flow on the reference day are applied to the daily management prediction formula (2), and the differential pressure prediction value data representing the temporal change in the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater 18. Is calculated, and the abnormality of the air preheater 18 is determined by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value, so that the differential pressure prediction regarding the air preheater 18 can be performed with high accuracy even with a small amount of data collection. The value data ΔP _b can be calculated, and the degree of progress regarding the clogged state of the air preheater 18 can be easily grasped.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Boiler system, 10 ... Boiler, 24 ... Air flow sensor, 26 ... Air temperature sensor, 28 ... AH differential pressure sensor, 11 ... Air duct, 13 ... Air inlet duct, 15 ... Air outlet duct, 17 ... Gas inlet duct , 19 ... Gas outlet duct, 21 ... Exhaust duct, 20 ... Electric dust collector, 23 ... Chimney duct, 18 ... Air preheater, 50 ... Abnormality determination device, 52 ... Control unit, 56 ... Display control unit, 58 ... Display 54, Memory, 60 ... GUI, 62 ... Mouse, 64 ... Keyboard, 70 ... Soft button

Claims (10)

An air preheater for preheating combustion air;
An air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater;
A differential pressure sensor for measuring a differential pressure between the pressure of air flowing into the air preheater and the pressure of air flowing out of the air preheater;
Input means for inputting an upper limit air temperature representing an upper limit of a prediction range relating to the temperature of the air flowing into the air preheater;
The difference between the air flowing into and out of the air preheater by applying the upper limit air temperature, the air temperature reference value representing the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the differential pressure reference value representing the differential pressure on the reference day to a predetermined prediction formula A calculation means for calculating differential pressure predicted value data representing a temporal change in pressure;
An abnormality determination device for an air preheater, comprising: a determination unit that determines an abnormality of the air preheater by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value. The calculation means uses an upper limit air temperature T, an air temperature reference value T ₀ , and a differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ as the predetermined prediction formula,

2. The air preheater abnormality determination device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure difference ΔP is calculated by applying to the above. An air preheater for preheating combustion air;
An air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater;
A differential pressure sensor for measuring a differential pressure between the pressure of air flowing into the air preheater and the pressure of air flowing out of the air preheater;
An air flow sensor for detecting a flow rate of air flowing into the air preheater;
An air temperature reference value representing an air temperature on a certain reference day, an air temperature on another day after the reference date, a differential pressure reference value on the reference day, an air flow rate on the other day, and an air flow rate on the reference day Calculating means for calculating differential pressure predicted value data representing a time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater by applying an air flow rate reference value representing
An abnormality determination device for an air preheater, comprising: a determination unit that determines an abnormality of the air preheater by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value. The calculation means uses an air temperature T, an air temperature reference value T ₀ , an air flow rate Q, an air flow rate reference value Q ₀ , and a differential pressure reference value ΔP ₀ as the predetermined prediction formula.

The abnormality determination device for an air preheater according to claim 3, wherein the differential pressure ΔP is calculated by applying to the above. A display means for displaying a message;
5. The determination unit according to claim 1, wherein when the air preheater determines that the air preheater is in an abnormal state, the display unit displays a message prompting the air preheater to be cleaned. The abnormality determination device for an air preheater according to item 1. A display means for displaying a message;
If the determination means determines that the air preheater is in an abnormal state, a message prompting a change in the number of removals or removal pressure related to the soot blower device for removing the dust adhering to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater Is displayed on the display means, The abnormality determination device for an air preheater according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A display means for displaying a message;
When the determination unit determines that the air preheater is in an abnormal state, the determination unit displays a message on the display unit indicating that the dust attached to the heat transfer surface of the air preheater has increased. The abnormality determination device for an air preheater according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A display means for displaying a message;
When the determination means determines that the air preheater is in a normal state, the determination means displays a message indicating that the differential pressure of the air preheater is lower than a reference value on the display means. The abnormality determination apparatus for an air preheater according to any one of claims 1 to 4. An air preheater for preheating combustion air;
An air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater;
An abnormality determination method using an abnormality determination device for an air preheater, comprising: a differential pressure sensor that measures a differential pressure between the pressure of air flowing into the air preheater and the pressure of air flowing out of the air preheater. ,
An input step for inputting an upper limit air temperature representing an upper limit of a prediction range relating to a temperature of air flowing into the air preheater;
The difference between the air flowing into and out of the air preheater by applying the upper limit air temperature, the air temperature reference value representing the air temperature on a certain reference day, and the differential pressure reference value representing the differential pressure on the reference day to a predetermined prediction formula A calculation step of calculating differential pressure predicted value data representing a change in pressure over time;
And a determination step of determining an abnormality of the air preheater by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value. An air preheater for preheating combustion air;
An air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of air flowing into the air preheater;
A differential pressure sensor for measuring a differential pressure between the pressure of air flowing into the air preheater and the pressure of air flowing out of the air preheater;
An air flow sensor for detecting a flow rate of air flowing into the air preheater, and an abnormality determination method by an abnormality determination device for an air preheater,
An air temperature reference value representing an air temperature on a certain reference day, an air temperature on another day after the reference date, a differential pressure reference value on the reference day, an air flow rate on the other day, and an air flow rate on the reference day Calculating a differential pressure predicted value data representing a time change of the differential pressure of the air flowing into and out of the air preheater by applying an air flow reference value representing
And a determination step of determining an abnormality of the air preheater by comparing the differential pressure prediction value data with a predetermined management value.

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