JP6594237B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine including a vehicle body cover that covers an opening formed in an engine room.

  In recent years, in construction machines such as hydraulic excavators equipped with an engine, the height of the vehicle body cover has been set in accordance with the heat exchanger or the hose of the cooling water that protrudes upward from the upper opening of the engine room. Yes. The vehicle body cover is opened and closed by, for example, attaching one end of the vehicle body in the left-right direction to the upper plate of the engine room by a hinge or the like, and turning the other end in the left-right direction up and down with the hinge as a fulcrum. be able to.

  In the construction machine having such a configuration, various mounted parts tend to be large in order to comply with exhaust gas regulations, and the body cover is also large. In this case, since the weight of the vehicle body cover increases, there has been a problem that the burden on the operator when opening and closing the vehicle body cover is increased in maintenance work of various devices housed in the engine room.

  Therefore, in order to reduce the burden on the operator when opening and closing the vehicle body cover, the vehicle body cover is provided with two cover members, an engine side portion and a muffler side portion adjacent to each other along the longitudinal direction of the power source. There has been proposed a construction machine that is divided and has an engine-side cover member attached to an upper surface plate of an engine room through a hinge or the like so as to be opened and closed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-56326 A

  In the conventional construction machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, the cover member on the muffler side is attached to the upper surface plate of the engine room using bolts and the like with bolts and nuts, but opening and closing operations are necessary. In such a case, the operator can remove the muffler-side cover member independently of the engine-side cover member by loosening the bolts and nuts.

  Therefore, in maintenance work, the worker goes up from the engine room to the engine side cover member and moves to the rear of the vehicle body, opens only the muffler side cover member, and checks the muffler in the engine room and the surrounding instruments, etc. May start. In this case, the rear of the vehicle body in the engine room is narrow and the scaffolding is poor, so that sufficient work space cannot be secured, so the operator is forced to work in a cramped posture while carefully checking the scaffolding, and maintenance work There are concerns that it will take time.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a state of the art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine capable of efficiently performing maintenance work on equipment in an engine room.

To achieve the above object, a construction machine of the present invention includes an engine as a power source, a muffler for guiding the exhaust gas of the engine to the outside is disposed adjacent to the engine, said muffler and said engine In a construction machine comprising: an engine room housed inside and having an opening for maintenance formed thereon; and a vehicle body cover provided on the upper side of the engine room so as to be openable and closable to open or close the opening. The cover includes a muffler cover that covers the muffler , and an engine cover that is adjacent to the muffler cover and that can be opened and closed in the front-rear direction with the rear end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body as a support shaft and covers the engine. , the left side plate of the muffler cover includes a locking device for locking in a closed state the muffler cover, provided in the locking device, the muff An operating handle for opening and closing the cover, is provided, in a state in which the muffler cover and the engine cover is closed, as characterized by the right side plate of the engine cover and left side plate of the muffler cover faces Yes.

  According to the construction machine of the present invention, maintenance work of equipment in the engine room can be performed efficiently. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a hydraulic excavator cited as an example of a construction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the engine room and vehicle body cover of the turning body shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which opened the engine cover shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which opened the engine cover and muffler cover which are shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the specific structure of the locking device shown in FIG. 3, (a) figure is a side view, (b) figure is a perspective view. It is a figure explaining the structure of the vehicle body cover which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state which opened the engine cover and the muffler cover.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the form for implementing the construction machine which concerns on this invention is demonstrated based on figures. In the following description, the front-rear and left-right directions are used with reference to the viewpoint of an operator who gets on and operates the construction machine unless otherwise specified.

[First Embodiment]
One embodiment of the construction machine according to the present invention includes, for example, a hydraulic excavator 1 shown in FIG. The hydraulic excavator 1 is disposed on the upper side of the traveling body 2, the revolving body 3 having the revolving frame 3 a, and interposed between the traveling body 2 and the revolving body 3. And a front working machine 4 that is attached to the front of the revolving structure 3 and that performs operations such as excavation by rotating in the vertical direction.

  The front work machine 4 has a base end rotatably attached to the revolving frame 3a, a boom 4A that rotates up and down with respect to the vehicle body, and a boom 4A that is rotatably attached to the tip of the boom 4A. On the other hand, the arm 4B is configured to rotate up and down, and a bucket 4C that is rotatably mounted on the tip of the arm 4B and rotates up and down with respect to the vehicle body.

  The front work machine 4 is connected between the swing body 3 and the boom 4A, and is connected between the boom cylinder 4a that rotates the boom 4A by extending and contracting, and the boom 4A and the arm 4B, and expands and contracts. This includes an arm cylinder 4b that rotates the arm 4B, and a bucket cylinder 4c that is connected between the arm 4B and the bucket 4C and rotates the bucket 4C by expanding and contracting.

  The above-described revolving unit 3 is disposed, for example, at the rear of the vehicle body and maintains a counterweight 5 that maintains the balance of the vehicle body. The cab 6 is disposed on the front left side of the vehicle body and on which an operator who operates the front work machine 4 is boarded. An engine room 7 disposed between the counterweight 5 and the cab 6 and a vehicle body cover 8 provided on an upper portion of the engine room 7 and forming an exterior of the upper portion of the vehicle body are provided.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the engine room 7 and the vehicle body cover 8 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the devices installed in the engine room 7 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the engine room 7 and the vehicle body cover 8 of the revolving structure 3, FIG. 3 is a view showing a state where the engine cover 31 of the vehicle body cover 8 is opened, and FIG. 4 shows the engine cover 31 and the muffler cover 32. It is a figure which shows the open state.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the engine room 7 is provided with a pair of side plates 7 </ b> A and 7 </ b> B that are provided upright from both the left and right sides of the revolving frame 3 a and extend in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. , 7B are connected to each other and an upper surface plate 7C extending in the horizontal direction. The front of the building is closed by a cab 6 and the rear is closed by a counterweight 5. Therefore, the engine room 7 is entirely surrounded by the side plates 7A and 7B and the top plate 7C, and an engine 11 and the like to be described later are installed therein.

  That is, the internal space partitioned by the side plates 7A and 7B and the top plate 7C is an engine room 7 for installing the engine 11 and the like. Although not shown in detail, the engine room 7 is provided with an intake port for taking outside air into the interior and cooling each device, and a delivery port for discharging the taken outside air together with heat.

  A large rectangular opening 9 for maintenance is formed in the upper surface plate 7C of the engine room 7. A support 21 is disposed on the rear edge of the opening 9 over the entire left and right direction. In addition, a step 22 for the operator to put his / her foot on the end portion of the opening 9 of the upper surface plate 7C is stretched across the front-rear direction.

  The engine room 7 having such a configuration is driven by being connected to an engine 11 as a power source, a turbocharger (not shown) for supercharging air supplied to the engine 11, and an output shaft of the engine 11. A hydraulic pump (not shown), a muffler 12 integrated with a post-processing device that processes exhaust gas discharged from the engine 11, and hydraulic oil that is disposed on the front right side of the engine 11 and is sucked into the hydraulic pump. The hydraulic oil tank 13 to store is accommodated.

  Although not shown in the engine room 7, a fuel tank that is disposed in front of the hydraulic oil tank 13 and stores fuel supplied to the engine 11, and urea that is disposed in front of the fuel tank and stores urea water. A water tank and a heat exchanger (not shown) that is disposed on the left side of the engine 11 and cools cooling water, hydraulic oil, or the like are accommodated. In addition, the engine room 7 stores instruments such as a level gauge for confirming the remaining amounts of fuel and urea water in the fuel tank and urea water tank.

  The hydraulic pump is disposed on the right side of the engine 11, and the muffler 12 is disposed above the hydraulic pump. That is, according to the positional relationship between the engine 11, the hydraulic pump, and the muffler 12, the engine 11 and the muffler 12 are installed side by side along the left-right direction of the vehicle body when viewed from above.

  The muffler 12 functions as a silencer that silences the exhaust sound of the engine 11 and guides the exhaust gas from the engine 11 to the outside. Further, the aftertreatment device built in the muffler 12 decomposes harmful nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas from the engine 11 into harmless water and nitrogen, thereby reducing the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere after the concentration of the gas is reduced.

  Specifically, the post-processing device is disposed on the upstream side of the reduction catalyst in the exhaust pipe, and a reduction catalyst provided in an internal exhaust pipe (not shown) for guiding the exhaust gas from the engine 11 to the outside. And an injection device that injects urea water supplied from the urea water tank into the exhaust pipe. The urea water injected by the injection device is hydrolyzed by the heat of the exhaust gas, and the generated ammonia undergoes a reduction reaction with the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas in the reduction catalyst, thereby converting the nitrogen oxide into harmless water. It is decomposed into nitrogen and purified.

  Although not shown, the heat exchanger includes a radiator for cooling the cooling water for the engine 11, an intercooler for cooling the air supercharged by the turbocharger, and an oil cooler for cooling the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump. It is configured. In consideration of the cooling efficiency and maintainability of the heat exchanger, the radiator, the intercooler, and the oil cooler are integrally formed in a line in the front-rear direction and are removable.

  The vehicle body cover 8 has a divided structure including a left engine cover 31 that covers the engine 11 and a right muffler cover 32 that covers the muffler 12, and the two engine covers 31 and the muffler cover 32 are opened and closed. Is possible. Thereby, in the maintenance work of the equipment in the engine room 7, the weight when opening and closing the vehicle body cover 8 can be reduced, so that the burden on the operator can be reduced.

  The engine cover 31 faces the engine 11 across the opening 9 and is arranged in a horizontal direction so as to fall from the front end portion and the right end portion of the peripheral portion of the top plate 31A. By the formed front plate 31B and right side plate 31C, it is formed as a substantially box-like body in which the rear side, the left side, and the lower side are opened.

  Therefore, in a state where the engine cover 31 is closed, the top portion of the building protruding upward from the upper surface plate 7C of the engine room 7 is integrated with the side cover 33 on the heat exchanger side provided upright at the left position of the opening 9. Forming. The engine cover 31 is provided with a stay 34 for fixing the engine cover 31 in an opened state during maintenance work.

  The muffler cover 32 is opposed to the muffler 12 with the opening 9 in between, and a top plate 32A arranged in the horizontal direction and constituting the upper surface, and a front plate 32B formed so as to fall from the peripheral edge of the top plate 32A, The right side plate 32C, the left side plate 32D, and the rear plate 32E are formed as a box-like body whose periphery is closed.

  Similarly to the engine cover 31, the muffler cover 32 forms a top portion of the building that protrudes upward from the upper surface plate 7 </ b> C of the engine room 7 when the muffler cover 32 is closed. The muffler cover 32 is provided with a lock device 35 to be described later that locks the muffler cover 32 in a closed state.

  The dimensions of the engine cover 31 and the muffler cover 32 having such a configuration are set in advance so as to correspond to the sizes of the engine 11 and the muffler 12, for example, and the left engine cover 31 is the right muffler cover 32. It is formed larger than. Further, the engine cover 31 and the muffler cover 32 are arranged so that the right side plate 31C and the left side plate 32D which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction and face each other are in close contact with each other.

  For example, the gap between the engine cover 31 and the muffler cover 32 is set in advance to a size that does not allow an operator's hand to enter the gap. Since step 22 is arranged on the engine 11 side so that the operator can easily check and replace the muffler 12 and its surrounding instruments, the step 22 becomes invisible from the outside when the engine cover 31 is closed. .

  In the first embodiment of the present invention, the engine cover 31 is provided so that it can be opened and closed in the front-rear direction with a rear end corresponding to the rear end side in the front-rear direction as a support shaft, and the muffler cover 32 is one end side in the left-right direction. Is provided so that it can be opened and closed in the left-right direction with the right end corresponding to

  Specifically, a plurality of hinges (in the present embodiment, two hinges) (not shown) are attached between the rear left and right ends of the engine cover 31 and the upper surface plate 7C of the engine room 7. ing. Each of these hinges supports the engine cover 31 so as to be rotatable with respect to the engine room 7 with the rear end portion of the engine cover 31 as a support shaft. In addition, a pair of handles 41 for an operator to hold are attached to the front side of the top plate 31A so as to be separated in the left-right direction.

  On the other hand, between the right side plate 32C of the muffler cover 32 and the upper surface plate 7C of the engine room 7, a plurality of hinges (not shown) (two hinges in the present embodiment) are attached separately in the front-rear direction. . Each of these hinges supports the muffler cover 32 so as to be rotatable with respect to the engine room 7 with the right end portion of the muffler cover 32 as a support shaft. Therefore, the engine cover 31 and the muffler cover 32 open and close in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction via the hinges, respectively.

  The lock device 35 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is provided at a position where the lock on the muffler cover 32 can be released only when the engine cover 31 is in the open state. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the engine cover 31 is adjacent to the left side of the muffler cover 32, and the right side plate 31C of the engine cover 31 and the left side plate 32D of the muffler cover 32 are in close contact with each other. Is attached to the left side plate 32D forming the side surface portion of the muffler cover 32, and is located at the front end portion of the left side plate 32D.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating a specific configuration of the locking device 35 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a side view and FIG. 5B is a perspective view.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the lock device 35 is provided, for example, inside an operation handle 35A for opening and closing the muffler cover 32 by an operator, and inside the operation handle 35A. A rotation shaft (not shown) arranged in parallel with the left side plate 32D of 32, and the rotation shaft is inserted into the base end side, thereby rotating in conjunction with the operation handle 35A via the rotation shaft. A hook-shaped latch 35B that moves, a bracket 35C that is positioned below the latch 35B and is fixed to the inside of the engine room 7, and a lock plate 35D that is attached to the upper portion of the bracket 35C.

  In the lock device 35 having such a configuration, when the muffler cover 32 is closed and the operator does not grip the operation handle 35A, the recess formed in the latch 35B engages with the lower end of the lock plate 35D. By doing so, the muffler cover 32 is fixed to the engine room 7 with the opening 9 closed. That is, the lock device 35 locks the muffler cover 32 in a closed state.

  On the other hand, when the muffler cover 32 is closed and the operator grips the operation handle 35A, the operation handle 35A is pulled toward the operator side, so that the latch 35B is rotated in accordance with the operation of the operation handle 35A. It rotates to the engine 11 side (counterclockwise direction shown in FIG. 5A) while being supported by the moving shaft. Accordingly, the engagement between the latch 35B and the lock plate 35D is released and the muffler cover 32 is automatically unlocked, so that the operator can open the muffler cover 32 as it is using the operation handle 35A. .

  Next, an operation procedure for maintaining the muffler 12 and the peripheral instruments among the devices in the engine room 7 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  First, the worker goes up to the upper surface plate 7 </ b> C of the engine room 7 and moves to a position in front of the vehicle body cover 8. At this time, the muffler cover 32 is locked in a closed state, and the engine cover 31 is also in a closed state. Therefore, even if an operator tries to reach the lock device 35 of the muffler cover 32, the engine cover 31 and the muffler The hand cannot be placed between the cover 32 and the muffler cover 32 cannot be opened. Therefore, the operator opens from the engine cover 31.

  Next, when the operator grasps the handle 41 attached to the top plate 31A of the engine cover 31 and lifts the front end portion of the engine cover 31, the engine cover 31 opens rearward with the rear end portion as a support shaft. The opening 9 on the 11 side is opened. As a result, the operator can reach out to the lock device 35, and when the operation handle 35A of the lock device 35 is gripped, the muffler cover 32 is unlocked.

  Subsequently, the operator lifts the left end portion of the muffler cover 32 as it is using the operation handle 35A, so that the muffler cover 32 opens in the right direction with the right end portion as a support shaft, so that the opening 9 on the muffler 12 side is opened. The As a result, the operator can go to step 22 to attach or remove the muffler 12, or to visually check the instruments around the muffler 12.

  According to the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, when the engineer 31 performs maintenance on equipment on the muffler 12 side in the engine room 7, the engine cover 31 is closed. Since the right side plate 31C of the engine cover 31 and the left side plate 32D of the muffler cover 32 are in close contact with each other and the operator's hand does not reach the operation handle 35A of the lock device 35 attached to the left side plate 32D. The muffler cover 32 cannot be opened first. Therefore, the operator must open the engine cover 31 first, and can prevent the engine cover 31 from moving up to the rear of the vehicle body.

  In addition, the engine cover 31 is erected between the counterweight 5 and the engine room 7 by opening it rearward with the rear end portion as a support shaft, and functions as a safety fence. It can be performed. Therefore, the worker can concentrate on the work at a position ahead of the counterweight 5 in which the work space is sufficiently secured, so that the efficiency for the maintenance work of the equipment in the engine room 7 can be improved.

  Further, in the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the muffler cover 32 opens to the right with the right end portion as a support shaft, so that an operator can step on the step 22 and the muffler 12 and its surrounding instruments. The muffler cover 32 does not interfere with the work even if the inspection or replacement of the kind is performed. Thereby, the worker can smoothly perform the maintenance work on the muffler 12 side in the engine room 7.

  In the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the locking device 35 that locks the muffler cover 32 in a closed state is attached to the left side plate 32D of the muffler cover 32, and the front end of the left side plate 32D. Therefore, the operator can grip the operation handle 35A from the upper surface plate 7C of the engine room 7 without getting on the step 22. Therefore, since the opening / closing operation of the muffler cover 32 that handles the operation handle 35A is facilitated, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator who starts the maintenance work on the muffler 12 side in the engine room 7.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the configuration of the vehicle body cover 8 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the engine cover 31 and the muffler cover 32 are opened.

  The second embodiment of the present invention differs from the first embodiment described above in that the muffler cover 32 according to the first embodiment is provided so that it can be opened and closed in the left-right direction with the right end portion as a support shaft, as shown in FIG. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 6, the muffler cover 32 according to the second embodiment is provided so as to be openable and closable in the front-rear direction with the rear end portion as a support shaft. The other configurations of the second embodiment are the same as the configurations of the first embodiment, and the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  According to the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the same function and effect as in the first embodiment described above can be obtained, and the muffler cover 32 can be moved rearward with the rear end portion as a support shaft. By opening, it stands between the counterweight 5 and the engine room 7 and functions as a safety fence in the same way as the engine cover 31, so it has excellent safety for maintenance work performed on the engine room 7. Can be realized.

  The above-described embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of an embodiment.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention, since the right side plate 31C of the engine cover 31 and the left side plate 32D of the muffler cover 32 are in close contact with each other, the lock device 35 is attached to the left side plate 32D. Although described, the present invention is not limited to this case. For example, if the engine cover 31 is configured to cover a part of the left side of the muffler cover 32, the locking device 35 may be attached to a portion of the muffler cover 32 that is located inside the engine cover 31.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the case where the locking device 35 is located at the front end portion of the left side plate 32D has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. You may provide in the rear-end part of left side board 32D, and may be provided in another part.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention, the lock device 35 has been described in the case where the muffler cover 32 is locked in the closed state by engaging the concave portion of the latch 35B with the lower end of the lock plate 35D. The invention is not limited to this case, and members other than the latch 35B and the lock plate 35D may be used as long as the muffler cover 32 can be locked in a closed state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydraulic excavator (construction machine), 3 ... Revolving body, 5 ... Counterweight, 6 ... Cab, 7 ... Engine room, 7A, 7B ... Side plate, 7C ... Top plate, 8 ... Body cover, 9 ... Opening, 11 ... engine, 12 ... muffler, 13 ... hydraulic oil tank, 21 ... support, 22 ... step 31 ... engine cover, 31A ... top plate, 31B ... front plate, 31C ... right side plate, 32 ... muffler cover, 32A ... top plate, 32B ... Front plate, 32C ... Right side plate, 32D ... Left side plate, 32E ... Rear plate, 33 ... Side cover, 34 ... Stay, 35 ... Locking device, 35A ... Operation handle, 35B ... Latch, 35C ... Bracket, 35D ... Lock plate

Claims (3)

An engine as a power source, an engine and a muffler directing exhaust gas to the outside of the engine is disposed adjacent the engine, which accommodates the muffler and the engine inside the opening for maintenance is formed in the upper In a construction machine comprising a room and a vehicle body cover that is provided on the upper side of the engine room so as to be opened and closed and opens or closes the opening,
The vehicle body cover is
A muffler cover covering the muffler;
An engine cover that is provided so as to be openable and closable in the front-rear direction with the rear end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body as a support shaft in a state adjacent to the muffler cover, and covering the engine,
The left side plate of the muffler cover is provided with a lock device that locks the muffler cover in a closed state, and an operation handle that is provided in the lock device and opens and closes the muffler cover.
A construction machine , wherein the left plate of the muffler cover and the right plate of the engine cover face each other when the muffler cover and the engine cover are closed . The construction machine according to claim 1,
The muffler and the engine are arranged side by side along the left-right direction of the vehicle body,
The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the muffler cover is provided so as to be openable and closable in a left-right direction using one end side in the left-right direction of the vehicle body as a support shaft. The construction machine according to claim 1 ,
Before SL locking device, the construction machine, characterized in that positioned on the front side in the longitudinal direction of the front Stories body.