JP6286344B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine, and more particularly to an opening / closing structure of an engine cover in a hydraulic excavator.

  In general, a construction machine driven by an engine includes an engine room partitioned by an exterior cover. In the case of a configuration in which an opening for maintenance is provided on the upper surface of the exterior cover, the engine cover is attached to be openable and closable so as to close the opening.

  As an opening / closing structure of the engine cover, for example, Patent Document 1 is known. This Patent Document 1 states that “an engine hood, a stay main body that supports the engine hood in two stages of a first opening and a second opening, and an engine hood that is provided on the engine hood as the stay main body rotates. An engine hood opening / closing structure including a guide rail formed with first, second, and third guide grooves that move in a state of being partially engaged is described (see summary).

JP 2011-153427 A

  In patent document 1, in order to make the structure which supports the opening degree of an engine hood (engine cover) in two steps, a complicated guide groove is formed in the guide rail, and the guide rail is attached to the engine hood. If the plurality of grooves are formed at different heights as in this complicated guide groove, there is a problem that the engine hood is increased in size due to the difference in height.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described actual situation, and an object thereof is to downsize an engine cover in a construction machine.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided with a traveling body, a revolving body provided on the traveling body so as to be able to turn, a working device provided in front of the revolving body, and a rear side of the revolving body. Provided between the counterweight, the working device in the revolving structure, and the counterweight, and provided at least with an engine room having an engine inside, an exterior cover surrounding the engine room, and an upper side of the exterior cover An engine cover that covers an upper portion of the engine room and is provided so as to be opened and closed via a hinge. In the engine room, one end is attached to the engine cover, and the engine cover is opened and closed. A driven stay and a state in which the engine room is bridged to the exterior cover side and engaged with the other end of the stay A guide rail formed with a guide path for guiding the movement of the stay, the guide path engaging with the other end of the stay to hold the engine cover in a first open position. And a second groove that engages with the other end of the stay to hold the engine cover in a second opening position with an opening larger than the first opening position, A stopper for preventing the stay from moving in the guide path is detachably provided at a position between the first groove and the second groove. The first opening position is an opening of the engine cover. The degree angle is set to be an acute angle, and the second opening position is set so that the opening angle of the engine cover is an obtuse angle.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of an engine cover of a construction machine. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

The side view of the hydraulic shovel which is a typical example of the construction machine which concerns on this invention. The perspective view which looked at the hydraulic shovel shown in FIG. 1 from back. The perspective view which looked at the engine room of the state which opened the engine cover to the 1st open position from the front. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the engine room shown in FIG. 3. The perspective view which looked at the engine room of the state which opened the engine cover to the 2nd open position from the front. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the engine room shown in FIG. 5. It is a figure for demonstrating the attachment structure of an engine cover and operation | movement of an engine cover, (a) is the state which opened the engine cover to the 1st open position, (b) was opened the engine cover to the 2nd open position. Indicates the state.

  An embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator that is a typical example of a construction machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the rear, and FIG. 3 is an engine cover opened to a first opening position. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the engine room shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the engine room in a state where the engine cover is opened to the second open position, as viewed from the front. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the engine room shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the engine cover mounting structure and the operation of the engine cover, in which (a) opens the engine cover to the first opening position. (B) shows a state where the engine cover is opened to the second opening position. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, front, rear, left, and right are used with reference to the viewpoint of an operator who rides and operates a hydraulic excavator.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator 1 includes a traveling body 2 and a revolving body 3 that is pivotably attached to the upper side of the traveling body 2. The swivel body 3 includes a swivel frame 10 serving as a base, a cab 7 disposed on the front left side of the swivel frame 10, and a front work machine (working device) attached to the front center of the swivel frame 10 so as to be vertically pivotable. ) 4, a counterweight 6 disposed behind the revolving frame 10, and an engine room 5 installed between the front work machine 4 and the counterweight 6.

  The front work machine 4 includes a boom 4a, an arm 4b, a bucket 4c, and hydraulic cylinders (actuators) 4d to 4f. The counterweight 6 is for balancing the weight with the front work machine 4 and is formed as a heavy object having an arc shape. In addition, the code | symbol 15 shown in FIGS. 1-2 is a suspension ring for suspending the counterweight 6 with a rope.

  The engine room 5 is entirely surrounded by an exterior cover 9, and an engine 13 is installed therein. That is, the internal space partitioned by the exterior cover 9 is an engine room 5 for installing the engine 13. Although not shown in detail, the exterior cover 9 is provided with an intake port for taking outside air into the engine room 5 and a delivery port for discharging the taken outside air.

  A large rectangular opening 11 for maintenance (see FIG. 3) is formed on the upper surface of the exterior cover 9. A support 42 is erected on the rear edge 11a of the opening 11 over the entire left and right direction. The support 42 is above the upper surface of the counterweight 6, and more specifically, extends to a position slightly higher than the suspension ring 15. That is, the support 42 is a standing plate provided on the edge 11 a of the opening 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the engine cover 40 is attached to the upper end portion of the support 42 via a hinge 50. The engine cover 40 includes two covers, that is, a first engine cover 40a on the right side and a second engine cover 40b on the left side. The two engine covers 40a and 40b can be opened and closed independently of each other.

  The engine cover 40 is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross-section with the lower part open. When the engine cover 40 is closed, the engine cover 40 is integrated with side covers 48 erected on both sides of the opening 11, and from the exterior cover 9. A protruding top portion of the exterior cover 9 is formed. Thus, the opening 11 of the exterior cover 9 is closed by the engine cover 40 (the first engine cover 40a and the second engine cover 40b) so as to be freely opened and closed.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the engine room 5 reduces harmful nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas from the engine 13, the heat exchanger unit 21 that exchanges heat with the engine 13, and the engine 13. An exhaust gas aftertreatment device 11 for decomposing into harmless water and nitrogen, and a hydraulic pump (not shown) that is driven by the engine 13 and supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinders 4 d to 4 f of the front working machine 4. A level gauge for confirming the remaining amount of fuel supplied to the engine 13 is mainly provided.

  Although not shown in detail, the heat exchanger unit 21 includes a radiator that cools the cooling water for the engine 13, an oil cooler that cools the working oil that operates the front work machine 4, and an intercooler that cools the intake air of the engine 13. In consideration of maintainability, the radiator, the oil cooler, and the intercooler are integrated and can be removed.

  Further, during maintenance, an operator rides on the exterior cover 9 to perform maintenance, and a step 20 for the operator to put his / her foot is spanned across the opening 11 in the front-rear direction. The operator puts his feet in step 20 to visually check instruments and the like, and performs attachment and removal operations of various devices. Adjacent to this step 20, a guide rail 35 is provided. That is, the guide rail 35 is provided at the center position in the left-right direction in the engine room 5 so as to bridge the engine room 5, and the step 20 is provided on one of the left and right sides of the guide rail 35. . The step 20 may be provided on both sides of the guide rail 35 in the left-right direction.

  The guide rail 35 is provided not on the engine cover 40 but on the exterior cover 9 (vehicle body) side. A guide path 36 is formed on a side surface of the guide rail 35 so as to extend horizontally in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. Further, in the guide path 36, the first groove 37 and the second groove 38 are formed with a predetermined distance therebetween, and the depth (height) of the grooves is set to the same dimension. The first engine cover 40 a and the second engine cover 40 b are each provided with a stay 30, and the guide rail 35 engages with the stay 30 to guide the movement of the stay 30.

  Next, the mounting structure of the engine cover 40 and the operation of the engine cover 40 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a guide path 36 that guides the movement of the stay 30 is formed in the guide rail 35 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. A front end (other end) 30a of the stay 30 is attached in a state of being engaged with the guide path 36, and a rear end (one end) 30b of the stay 30 is rotatably attached to the second engine cover 40b.

  A first groove 37 having a width and a depth enough to allow the front end 30 a of the stay 30 to enter is formed at a position in the middle of the guide path 36 of the guide rail 35. Further, a second groove 38 having a width and a depth enough to allow the front end 30 a of the stay 30 to enter is formed at the rear end portion of the guide path 36. Further, the guide path 36 is provided with a stopper 33 at a position between the first groove 37 and the second groove 38, more specifically close to the first groove 37, and fixed by the bolt 34. Yes.

  Therefore, when the second engine cover 40b is opened and closed, the stay 30 is moved in the guide path 36 of the guide rail 35 following the second engine cover 40b. When the second engine cover 40 is gradually opened from the closed state, the front end 30a of the stay 30 gradually moves rearward from the front end portion of the guide path 36.

  When the second engine cover 40 b is opened to a position where the front end 30 a of the stay 30 contacts the stopper 33, the front end 30 a of the stay 30 is guided by the stopper 33 and enters the first groove 37. That is, the second engine cover 40b is held in an open state at a position where the front end 30a of the stay 30 enters the first groove 37 (first opening position) (see FIG. 7A). That is, the opening angle of the second engine cover 40b is an acute angle. At this time, the center of gravity G of the second engine cover 40b is located in front of the hinge 50 (on the front work machine 4 side) in a side view. In this state, as shown in FIG. 4, a part of the engine room 5 is hidden by the engine cover 40.

  When the stopper 33 is removed and the second engine cover 40 b is further opened, the front end 30 a of the stay 30 moves rearward from the first groove 37 in the guide path 36 and finally enters the second groove 38. That is, the second engine cover 40b is held open at a position where the front end 30a of the stay 30 enters the second groove 38 (second opening position) (see FIG. 7B). That is, the opening angle of the second engine cover 40b is an obtuse angle. At this time, the center of gravity of the second engine cover 40b is located behind the hinge 50 (on the side opposite to the front work machine 4, that is, on the counterweight 6 side) in a side view, as shown in FIG. Room 5 is completely exposed.

  Similarly, the rear end (one end) 30b of the stay 30 is rotatably attached to the first engine cover 40a, and the front end (other end) 30a of the stay 30 is engaged with the guide path 36 of the guide rail 35. Like the second engine cover 40b, the second engine cover 40b can be opened and closed in two stages.

  The operator opens the engine cover 40 to the first opening position shown in FIG. 7 (a), thereby performing daily inspections in the engine room 5 (for example, checking the oil level of the engine 13, checking the cooling water level, etc. Various visual checks) can be performed. At this time, since the stopper 33 is fixed in the guide path 36 with the bolt 34, the engine cover 40 does not open larger than the first opening position. Therefore, daily inspection in the engine room 5 can be performed safely.

  On the other hand, when performing periodic inspection (for example, pulling out the heat exchanger unit 20 in the engine room 5 to perform cleaning or replacement of parts, cleaning of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 17 or replacement of parts), the stopper 33 is provided. The engine cover 40 is removed and opened to the second opening position shown in FIG. Thereby, since the opening 11 is completely exposed, the operator can pull out various devices upward.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the guide rail 35 is provided on the exterior cover 9 side, the guide path 36 is formed horizontally, and the first groove 37 and the second groove 38 are set to the same groove depth. Therefore, the engine cover 40 can be reduced in size compared with the case where the guide rail 35 is provided on the engine cover 40. In particular, as in this embodiment, the guide rail 35 is provided on the exterior cover 9 side, the guide groove 36 is formed horizontally, and the first groove 37 and the second groove 38 are set to the same groove depth. Since the height of the engine cover 40 can be reduced, the rear view of the operator seated on the cab 7 can be kept good.

  In addition, since the opening position of the engine cover 40 can be changed in two stages to the first opening position and the second opening position according to the purpose of inspection of the engine room 5, the maintainability is improved. Further, since the stopper 33 is provided close to the first groove 37 and the stopper 33 is structured to guide the front end 30a of the stay 30 to the first groove 37, the engine cover 40 is moved to the first opening position. The opening and holding operation is smooth. Furthermore, since the stopper 33 is fixed with the bolt 34, the engine cover 40 is not inadvertently fully opened, and the safety and efficiency of daily inspection can be improved.

  In addition, embodiment mentioned above is an illustration for description of this invention, and is not the meaning which limits the scope of the present invention only to those embodiment. Those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various other modes without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the opening positions of the first engine cover 40a and the second engine cover 40b may be set to different positions. In addition, although the opening position of the engine cover 40 is two stages, a configuration in which three or more opening positions are provided may be employed. Moreover, even if it is other than a hydraulic excavator, this invention is applicable with respect to construction machines, such as a wheel loader, for example.

1 Excavator (construction machine)
2 traveling body 3 revolving body 4 front work machine (working device)
5 Engine room 6 Counterweight 9 Exterior cover 11 Open 20 Step 30 Stay 30a Other end of stay 30b One end of stay 33 Stopper 35 Guide rail 36 Guide path 37 First groove 38 Second groove 40 Engine cover 50 Hinge G Center of gravity

Claims (4)

A traveling body,
A swivel body provided on the traveling body so as to be turnable;
A working device provided in front of the revolving structure;
A counterweight provided behind the revolving structure;
An engine room provided between the working device and the counterweight in the revolving structure, and having at least an engine inside;
An exterior cover that surrounds this engine room,
An engine cover that is provided on the upper side of the exterior cover and covers the upper part of the engine room and that can be opened and closed via a hinge.
In the engine room,
One end attached to the engine cover, a stay that follows the opening and closing operation of the engine cover,
A guide rail provided on the exterior cover side so as to bridge the inside of the engine room, and formed with a guide path that guides the movement of the stay in a state of being engaged with the other end of the stay,
The taxiway is
A first groove engaged with the other end of the stay to hold the engine cover in a first open position;
A second groove that engages with the other end of the stay to hold the engine cover at a second opening position having an opening larger than the first opening position;
A stopper for preventing the stay from moving in the guide path is detachably provided at a position between the first groove and the second groove in the guide path.
The first opening position is set so that the opening angle of the engine cover is an acute angle,
The construction machine characterized in that the second opening position is set such that the opening angle of the engine cover is an obtuse angle. In claim 1,
The stopper is provided close to the first groove;
The construction machine is characterized in that the other end of the stay is guided to the first groove while being guided by the stopper. In claim 1,
The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is provided at a central position in a left-right direction in the engine room, and the guide path is formed on at least one side surface of the guide rail. In claim 1,
A construction machine comprising a step on at least one side of the guide rail in the left-right direction.