JP6588710B2 - Method for producing liquid manure and co-products from compostable surplus organic matter - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products from methane fermentation digestive liquid and compostable surplus organic matter.

Producing liquid fertilizer from current compostable organic waste is not economical because it involves complicated processes. In addition, the current method requires expensive equipment and machines in order to perform the process. As a result, current methods and processes make it difficult to produce liquid manure from compostable organic waste, which is impractical and difficult to implement and use economically.

On the other hand, although the storage technique is disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2006-265052 for effective utilization of methane fermentation digestive liquid, it is about preservation | save of methane fermentation digestive liquid, and is not about effective utilization.

JP 2006-265052 A

Producing liquid fertilizer from current compostable organic waste is not economical because it involves complicated processes. In addition, the current method requires expensive equipment and machines in order to perform the process. As a result, current methods and processes make it difficult to produce liquid manure from compostable organic waste, which is impractical and difficult to implement and use economically.

The present invention relates to a method for producing co-products in parallel with liquid fertilizer (liquid fertilizer) from compostable organic waste by the following steps: 1. Separate compostable organic waste from waste that cannot be composted; 2. Reduce the size of sorted compostable organic waste; 3. A predetermined amount of methane fermentation digestive juice is put into the tank / water tank. 4. Put the above-mentioned reduced sorted compostable organic waste in a certain ratio into the tank / water tank containing the methane fermentation digestive liquid. 5. Stir the compostable organic waste introduced into the tank reservoir containing the methane fermentation digestive juice into a small amount as described above. The resulting product (liquid fertilizer) and by-products are collected and separated.

1st invention reduces the magnitude | size of the compostable surplus organic substance, and throws into the methane fermentation digestive liquid in a tank the compostable organic substance in the range of the fixed ratio fixed with respect to the methane fermentation digestive liquid. Then, the mixture of compostable organic matter and methane fermentation digestion liquid is stirred and aged, and the by-product produced in parallel with the final product is separated and collected. It is a production method.
The second invention is a method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products from methane fermentation digestive liquid and compostable surplus organic matter, and includes the following steps.
A process for separating non-compostable waste and compostable surplus organic matter A process for reducing the size of the separated compostable surplus organic matter A predetermined amount of methane fermentation digestive liquid is put into a tank / water tank. The process of supplying the fractionated and refined compostable surplus organic matter in a certain fixed ratio range to the tank / water tank at regular intervals (daily) The fractionated and refined compostable surplus organic matter and The step of stirring the mixed liquid of the methane fermentation digestive fluid storage tank at regular intervals (daily) and the step of collecting and separating by-products produced in parallel with the final product. Alternatively, in the second invention, the liquid fertilizer and the co-products are produced from the compostable surplus organic matter that maintains the pH of the mixed liquid in the tank / water tank in a neutral region (PH 6-8).
4th invention produces liquid fertilizer and a co-product from the compostable surplus organic substance which makes compostable surplus organic substance quantity with respect to methane fermentation digestive liquid the range in 0.1-20 mass% in 2nd or 3rd invention It is a method to do.
5th invention is liquid fertilizer and co-fertilizer from compostable surplus organic substance which makes the amount of surplus organic substance compostable with respect to methane fermentation digestive liquid in the range of 0.1-10 mass% in any one of 2nd-4th invention. It is a method of producing products.
The sixth invention is the invention according to any one of the second to fifth inventions, wherein the concentrated methane fermentation digestive liquid and the compostable surplus organic matter in the tank / water tank are supplied with water in a range of 0.1-10% by mass. In addition, it is a method to produce liquid fertilizer and co-products from compostable surplus organic matter.
According to a seventh invention, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, the compostable surplus organic matter is made fine from the compostable surplus organic matter by a cutting machine (shredder) and / or a crusher (crusher). This is a method for producing co-products.
The eighth invention is a method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products from compostable surplus organic matter produced from waste liquid and sludge of an alcohol factory in any one of the first to seventh inventions.
A ninth invention is a method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products from compostable surplus organic matter produced from waste liquid and sludge of an alcohol factory in any one of the first to eighth inventions.
A tenth invention is a method of producing liquid fertilizer and a by-product from compostable surplus organic matter serving as a feed in an earthworm medium as a raw material for earthworm compost production in any one of the first to ninth inventions. is there.
The eleventh invention is a method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products from compostable surplus organic matter, which is a maggot as a feed for aquatic animals, in any one of the first to tenth inventions.

Although the present invention is a general method for producing liquid fertilizer, what is very rare is that liquid fertilizer and co-products can be produced from organic waste that is cheap, simple and efficient.

FIG. 1 is a general process diagram for producing liquid manure and co-products from the compostable organic waste of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how liquid fertilizer and co-products produced from the compostable organic waste of the present invention are produced. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of a tank / water tank for carrying out the present invention.

The first object of the present invention is to solve the technical problems and inefficiencies of the above-mentioned current method by producing a simple, efficient and inexpensive method for producing liquid manure from compostable organic waste. To do. Thus, in the present invention, only a compost production tank and a water storage tank that can be easily installed and maintained are required, and expensive and complicated equipment and machines are not required.

The next object of the present invention is to produce compostable organic waste from compostable organic waste that produces malodor in the currently used method, but compostable organic waste 10 by using a methane fermentation digestion solution in the method. Can be easily and efficiently decomposed in a short period of time, thereby suppressing the occurrence of bad odors in the vicinity.

Furthermore, the present invention can easily produce liquid manure (LIQUID) and co-products (CO-PRODUCTS) 15 from compostable organic waste. These and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent and more fully understood from the accompanying drawings.

With reference to FIG. 1 of the illustration, from a compostable organic waste 10, a liquid manure (LIQUID) coproduct 15 is manufactured in steps as shown in FIG. The following is an illustration of this.
a. Separate non-compostable organic waste from compostable organic waste.
(SEGRIGATION) 11
b. Reduce the size of compostable organic waste separated by crusher and cutting machine (CRUSHING / SCHREDDING) 12
c. Compost production tanks with fermented methane fermented digestion and water storage tanks that are separated into compostable organic waste at a predetermined rate (FEEDING INTO COMPOST TANK POND / DRUMS) 13
d. Separate and recover the final product (liquid fertilizer) and co-products 15 (SEPARATING / COLLECTING) 14

FIG. 2 shows a course for liquid fertilizer / co-products 15 manufactured from compostable organic waste 10.
The main product is high quality liquid fertilizer 16 produced by anaerobic activity (open system, not a complete anaerobic environment). As for this, the floating substance (FLOATINGS) 17 and the maggot (MAGGOTS) 18 are produced simultaneously.

The suspended matter 17 is fed to an earthworm medium (FEED TO VERMICULTURE) 19. More specifically, the suspended matter is a feed that can be digested by the earthworm that is fed to the earthworm medium that produces the COMPOST FERTILIZER 20.

The main product, high-quality liquid fertilizer 16, is mainly used for crops, especially fruits and vegetables produced in farms and gardens (FERTILIZER FOR HOME / GARDEN) 21. On the other hand, the maggot 18 is used as food for the fish pond 22.

In starting the method of the present invention, a tank / water tank P as shown in FIG. 3 is prepared. The tank / water tank P is composed of a concrete floor B, a bottom portion F, and a side wall W, and an upper portion is an open type T. A drain outlet for cleaning the tank / water tank P is attached to one of the side walls W (not shown in the figure). The composting tank / water tank P is preferably made of concrete and has a roofed facility. .

In the present invention, as the methane fermentation digestive liquid, for example, a digested liquid obtained by subjecting a waste liquid obtained by alcohol fermentation to an extract from sugarcane to methane fermentation can be used. In this case, a large amount of methane fermentation digestive juice with little variation in composition can be obtained. Others, households, restaurants, restaurants, hotels, retail stores (summer markets, convenience stores, etc.) wholesale stores, food processing factories, waste from various markets (fruits and vegetables market, fish market), farms, livestock farms, entertainment facilities Of course, it is possible to use digestive juice obtained by methane fermentation of compostable organic waste.

In the present invention, in order to produce liquid manure / co-products 15 from compostable organic waste 10, households, restaurants, canteens, hotels, retail stores (smart markets, convenience stores, etc.), food processing factories, various markets It begins with the collection of compostable organic waste from farms, livestock farms and recreational facilities (from the fruit and vegetable market, fish market). Also, non-compostable waste is removed manually or by sorting with conventional machines. The sorted compostable organic waste 10 needs to be sized for effective process and decomposition. This is preferably carried out by crushing and cutting equipment, but may also be manual or conventional crushing and cutting machines.

The next step is to fill the tank / water tank P with a predetermined amount of methane fermentation digestive juice. If the tank and the water storage tank P are filled with the methane fermentation digestive liquid, the compostable organic waste 10 that has become finer is put therein.

In the present invention, a compostable organic waste in a predetermined ratio with respect to the methane fermentation digestive liquid prepared and input in advance is input at regular intervals (daily). And it stirs at a fixed interval.

Importantly, in order to produce the final liquid fertilizer / co-products 15, it is necessary to maintain the fungal activity in the tank / water tank P, so that the compostable organic waste 10 at a fixed ratio can be determined at regular intervals. Is required.

The resulting product, liquid fertilizer / co-products 15 are high-quality liquid fertilizer 16, suspended matter 17 and maggot 18, and if they are used immediately, they need to be harvested and separated daily. The harvesting of the liquid fertilizer / co-products 15 may be performed manually or by a conventional machine.

More importantly, the PH of the mixture in the tank / water tank P is in the neutral range (PH6-8), and this determination is performed by the conventional method so far. PH depends on the ratio of methane fermentation digestive liquid and compostable organic waste that is input at a fixed ratio.

Although PH changes with the state of the compostable organic waste used as a raw material, it is preferable to maintain within this range. When PH is less than 6 or when PH exceeds 8, the reaction is slowed down. For this reason, it is preferable that the pH is in the range of 6 to 8, but the reaction proceeds even if the pH is slightly acidic or alkaline (PH is 5 to 9). The PH of the methane fermentation digestion liquid is estimated by measurement with an instrument or the surface state (such as the state of foam generation).

Another index in the present invention is to set the practical range of the compostable organic waste 10 to 0.1% by mass to 20% by mass with respect to the methane fermentation digestive juice. For example, if 1,000 kg of methane fermentation digestive liquid is prepared in a tank / water tank P, (1) up to 200 kg of compostable organic waste 10 is introduced into the tank water tank P at regular intervals. To stir. The upper and lower limits of this amount depend on the composition of the compostable organic waste 10 to be blended. The upper limit in the case of organic waste that can be composted from agricultural products (leaf vegetables, okra, etc.) is 200 kg, and the upper limit decreases as the proportion of livestock waste increases.

When the proportion of livestock waste increases in plant compostable organic waste, the PH increases, so the upper limit of input becomes lower. The index in this case is that the practical range of the compostable organic waste 10 with respect to the methane fermentation digestive juice is 0.1 mass% to 10 mass%. For example, if 1,000 kg of methane fermentation digestive liquid is prepared in a tank / water tank P, (1) 100 kg of compostable organic waste 10 is introduced into the tank water tank at regular intervals and stirred. It is to be. When the lower limit is 0.1% or less, the surface state is a value for maintaining the productivity because methane fermentation does not proceed.

It is desirable that the methane fermentation digestive liquid in the present invention is derived from waste liquid and residue from alcohol production. The methane fermentation digestive fluid contains a group of microorganisms that decompose the compostable organic waste 10 to produce the final product, liquid fertilizer / co-products 15. Adjustment when the concentration of the mixture of methane fermentation digestion liquid and compostable surplus organic matter 10 in the composting tank / water storage tank P is increased with respect to the methane fermentation digestion liquid at a predetermined rate. It is the method of the present invention that water is introduced into the mixture. If the concentration of the compostable surplus organic material is too high, the reaction rate decreases. The ratio of water is in the range of 0.1-10% by weight of the predetermined methane fermentation digestive fluid.

As for the ratio of water, a predetermined range of 0.1-10% by mass of the methane fermentation digestive juice is excessively diluted when 10% by mass or more is added, and the reaction rate decreases. The lower limit of 0.1% by mass is a value in consideration of substantial work efficiency. In addition, it is preferable to perform charging in a plurality of times and with stirring.

The concentration of the mixed liquid of methane fermentation digestive liquid and compostable surplus organic matter 10 in the tank / reservoir P described so far can be examined by a traditional method, and generation of bubbles in the mixture Judgment is also possible by a decrease in. The concentration in the tank / water tank P must be such that the required liquid fertilizer / co-products 15 are generated while maintaining anaerobic fermentation (not a complete anaerobic environment).

Modifications can be made in this manner to make the invention more advantageous. Since the present invention has a wide range of convenience, it does not stick to the case shown in this case. In other words, modifications can be made without departing from the basic idea shown in this case.

For the methane fermentation digestive juice, the waste liquid from the alcohol factory and the extract from sludge were used, but this is not the only option. As the target of the alcohol factory, corn, sugar cane, effluent from various breweries, and extract from sludge can be used.

In order to confirm the decomposition ability, without continuous input, changes after setting, agricultural use with the liquid, and whether soil where earthworms can inhabit have been secured (inspection effect of oecd's chemical residue In a manner close to the method). (Test A)
The results are shown in Tables 1-6.

The results are summarized as follows.
1. When raw garbage is crushed and put into methane fermentation digestive liquid, decomposition proceeds.
2. The situation can be confirmed in the form of bubbles.
3. The fiber is mainly suspended and takes time to decompose, but becomes soft. It was confirmed that it can be used as food for earthworms.
4). By using the suspended matter one after another, the concentration of methane fermentation digestion liquid decreased, and the application to continuous input became visible.
5. It was confirmed that there was no problem in fertilizing agricultural products.
It is a numerical value similar to the input ratio of methane fermentation power generation that generation | occurrence | production of foam has decreased in 6.25 days. Considering the amount of continuous input from now on, 4-5% would be an indicator.

From the result of Example 1 (Test A), the result of continuous charging, the generation of bubbles, and the change in PH are tested. (Test B) The results are shown in Tables 7 and 8.

Based on Example 1 (Test A), the garbage from normal households (mixed with various items) was subjected to a decomposition test. The pulverizer is small, does not become a paste, and is in a state of being cut. The results are shown in Tables 9 and 10.

The following conclusions were obtained from the above three test results (Examples 1 to 3).
1. It is possible to decompose raw garbage and surplus organic matter with methane fermentation digestive juice.
2. It is desirable to separate the decomposable substance, and if possible, to grind it into a paste, but it can be effective by cutting alone because of problems such as machine installation.
3. Cutting and crushing are necessary to increase the contact area between the methane fermentation digestive juice and the substance, but it is necessary to carry out appropriate stirring at the same time.
4). The activity of decomposition can be confirmed by the occurrence of bubbles. When decomposition proceeds and completes, the generation of bubbles stops. It has also been confirmed that the foam activity resumes when charged again (separately).
5. By maintaining the pH in a neutral range, the decomposition state can be maintained.
6). When the extracted excess methane digested liquid (enlarged) is given to vegetables as a liquid fertilizer, the same effect as the methane fermentation digested liquid generated from normal power generation is seen.
7). Suspensions are an effective bait in earthworm medium. This is because the moderately remaining fiber forms an air layer and is effective for the invasion of earthworms, and is at the PH level preferred by earthworms. When there are many spoilage bacteria etc., PH is strong acidity, and even if it releases a worm to a pile of garbage, it does not enter inside. The entry of earthworms is considered to indicate that it is already an effective raw material for compost production.

4400 methane fermentation digestive fluid (PH7.5) consisting of waste liquid from alcohol factory from sugarcane and residue in tank / water tank P of 5m × 1.1m × 1.2m (liquid depth is 0.8m) Added liters. Thereafter, 200 kg of crushed okra waste was added daily with stirring. Thereafter, the daily PH was 7.5, unchanged. After 20 days from the first charging, 700 kg of okra waste was added with stirring. As a result, PH was measured to be 5.5 and foam generation decreased. Lime was mixed as an impurity, PH became 8.5 and foam generation decreased. (Reaction rate decreased.)

Thereafter, liquid fertilizer / co-products 15 were extracted from the tank / water tank P, and then vegetables (cabbage): 100 kg, okra: 200 kg, and waste from fisheries factory (fish outline): 100 kg were introduced. In this case, since the concentration increased, the generation of bubbles decreased. Therefore, 100 kg of water was added to restore the normal state.

The industry that uses biological waste can flourish.

10 Compostable organic waste 11 Separation (SEGRIGATION)
12 Crushing and cutting (CRUSHING / SCHREDDING) 12
13 Input (FEEDING INTO COMPOST TANK POND / DRUMS)
14 Separation / Recovery (SEPARATING / COLLECTING)
15 Liquid fertilizer (LIQUID), Co-products (CO-PRODUCTS)
16 Liquid fertilizer (LIQUID)
17 FLOATINGS
18 Uzi (MAGGOTS)
19 FEED TO VERMICULTURE
20 Earthworm Compost Fertilizer (COMPOST FERTILIZER)
21 FERTILIZER FOR HOME / GARDEN
22 Aquaculture Pond (FISH POND)
P tank, water tank
B Concrete floor F Bottom of tank / water tank W Side wall of tank / water tank T Open part of tank / water tank

Claims (3)

A methane fermentation digestion liquid and a compostable surplus organic substance in an amount within a predetermined ratio range with respect to the methane fermentation digestion liquid are put into a tank, and the compostable surplus organic substance and the methane fermentation digestion liquid A method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products by stirring the mixture of the fertilizer and anaerobic fermentation to produce liquid manure and co-products. The method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products according to claim 1, wherein the tank has a shape with an open top. The method for producing liquid fertilizer and co-products according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of surplus organic matter that can be composted is 0.1 to 20% of the amount of the methane fermentation digestive liquid.