JP6577189B2 - 硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法、硬質ポリウレタン又はポリイソシアヌレートフォーム及びその使用方法、ポリオール成分 - Google Patents
硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法、硬質ポリウレタン又はポリイソシアヌレートフォーム及びその使用方法、ポリオール成分 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6577189B2 JP6577189B2 JP2014552542A JP2014552542A JP6577189B2 JP 6577189 B2 JP6577189 B2 JP 6577189B2 JP 2014552542 A JP2014552542 A JP 2014552542A JP 2014552542 A JP2014552542 A JP 2014552542A JP 6577189 B2 JP6577189 B2 JP 6577189B2
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- Prior art keywords
- rigid
- component
- polyol
- foam
- acid
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 101
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims description 94
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- -1 ester polyol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCO SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005903 polyol mixture Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N elaidic acid methyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N methyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940073769 methyl oleate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005896 rigid polyol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 90
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 26
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 9
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 5
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- AATNZNJRDOVKDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[ethoxy(ethyl)phosphoryl]oxyethane Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(CC)OCC AATNZNJRDOVKDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YWDFOLFVOVCBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dimethoxyphosphorylpropane Chemical compound CCCP(=O)(OC)OC YWDFOLFVOVCBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)[O-] WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ZYMLPCYLTMMPQE-UHFFFAOYSA-J tris(2,2-diethylhexanoyloxy)stannyl 2,2-diethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+4].CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O ZYMLPCYLTMMPQE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010497 wheat germ oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
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- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Description
(B)下記(b1)〜(b4)のエステル化により得られる、少なくとも1種のポリエーテルエステルポリオール、
(b1)下記(b11)、(b12)を含むジカルボン酸組成物10〜70mol%、
(b11)1種以上の芳香族ジカルボン酸又はその誘導体を、前記ジカルボン酸組成物に対し50〜100mol%、及び
(b12)1種以上の脂肪族ジカルボン酸又はその誘導体を、前記ジカルボン酸組成物に対し0〜50mol%、
(b2)1種以上の脂肪酸又は脂肪酸誘導体2〜30mol%、
(b3)1種以上の、炭素原子2〜18を持つ脂肪族又は脂環式ジオール又はそのアルコキシレート10〜70mol%、及び
(b4)2を超える官能価(functionality)を持つポリオールのアルコキシ化により生成された2以上の官能価を持つポリエーテルポリオール2〜50mol%、
(それぞれ成分(b1)〜(b4)の合計に対するものであって、当該成分(b1)〜(b4)の合計を100%とする。)
(C)任意に、成分(B)以外の更なるポリエステルポリオール、
(D)ポリエーテルポリオール、
(E)任意に難燃剤、
(F)1種以上の発泡剤、
(G)触媒、及び
(H)任意に差なる助剤又は添加剤。
本願開示の範囲内では、用語「ポリエステルポリオール」及び「ポリエステロール」は、用語「ポリエーテルポリオール」及び「ポリエーテルオール」と同義語である。
本発明の目的のためのポリイソシアネートは、1分子中に2以上の反応性イソシアネート基を含み、例えばその感応性が2以上である有機化合物を示すと考えられる。使用するポリイソシアネート又は2種以上のポリイソシアネートの混合物が単一の官能価を持たない場合、化合物(A)の数−重みつき平均官能価は少なくとも2になる。
ii)ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、特に2,2′−MDI又は2,4′−MDI又は4,4′−MDI若しくはオリゴマーのMDI(ポリフェニル−ポリメチレンイソシアネートとしても公知)、又は上記ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートの2又は3種の混合物、又は粗MDI(MDIの生成で得られる)、又は少なくとも1種のMDIのオリゴマーと少なくとも1種の上記低分子量MDI誘導体の混合物を基にした多官能性イソシアネート;
iii)具体例i)による少なくとも1種の芳香族イソシアネートと、具体例ii)による少なくとも1種の芳香族イソシアネートとの混合物。
好適なポリエステルポリオール(C)は、ポリエーテルエステルポリオール(B)とは異なり、例えば、2〜12の炭素原子を持つ有機ジカルボン酸(好ましくは、芳香族であるもの、又は芳香族及び脂肪族ジカルボン酸の混合物)と、多価アルコール(好ましくは炭素原子2〜12、より好ましくは炭素原子2〜6を含むジオール)とから生成される。
本発明によれば、硬質PUフォームの生成に、ポリエーテルポリオール(D)が使用される。ポリエーテルオール(D)は、公知の方法で生成可能であり、例えば、結合された態様中に2〜8、好ましくは2〜6の反応性水素原子を平均で含む少なくとも1種の出発分子又は出発分子混合物の使用により、アルカリ金属水酸化物(水酸化ナトリウム又は水酸化カリウム等)又はアルカリ金属アルコキシド(ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド、カリウムエトキシド又はカリウムイソプロポキシド)、若しくはアミンアルコキシ化触媒(ジメチルエタノールアミン(DMEOA)、イミダゾール又はイミダゾール誘導体)を用いて、炭素原子2〜4を含む1種以上のアルキレンオキシドのアニオン重合により得られ、若しくは、ルイス酸(五塩化アンチモン、弗化ホウ素エーテラート又は漂白土等)を用いたカチオン重合により得られる。
難燃剤(E)としては、通常、従来技術により公知の難燃剤を使用することが可能である。好ましい難燃剤は、例えば、臭素化エステル、臭素化エーテル(Ixol)又は臭素化アルコール(ジブロモネオペンチルアルコール、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール及びPHT−4−ジオールなど)、そしてまた塩素化ホスフェート(トリス(2−クロロエチル)ホスフェート、トリス(2−クロロプロピル)ホスフェート(TCPP)、トリス(1,3−ジクロロプロピル)ホスフェート、トリクレシルホスフェート、トリス(2,3−ジブロモ−プロピル)ホスフェート、テトラキス(2−クロロエチル)エチレンジホスフェート、ジメチルメタンホスフェート、ジエチルジエタノールアミノメチルホスフェート、及び商業的なハロゲン含有難燃ポリオールである。更なるホスフェート(リン酸塩)又はホスホネート(ホスホン酸塩)としては、液状難燃剤として、ジエチルエタンホスホネート(DEEP)、トリエチルホスフェート(TEP)、ジメチルプロピルホスホネート(DMPP)又はジフェニルクレシルホスフェート(DPK)を使用可能である。
硬質ポリウレタンフォームを製造するための発泡剤(F)は、好ましくは水、ギ酸及びそれらの混合物を含む。これらは、イソシアネート基と反応して二酸化炭素を生成する(ギ酸の場合は二酸化炭素及び一酸化炭素)。加えて、低沸点炭化水素のような物理発泡剤も使用可能である。好適な発泡剤は、ポリイソシアネート(A)に対し注入される液体であって、大気圧で100℃未満、好ましくは50℃未満の沸点を具備するものであり、そのため、それらは発熱重付加反応条件で蒸発される。好ましく使用可能な、そのような液体の例は、ヘプタン、ヘキサン、n−ペンタン及びイソペンタンのようなアルカンであり、好ましくは、nーペンタンとイソペンタン、n−ブタンとイソブテンとプロパンの産業的な混合物と、シクロペンタン及び/又はシクロヘキサンのようなシクロアルカンと、フラン、ジメチルエーテル及びジエチルエーテルのようなエーテルと、アセトン及びメチルエチルケトンのようなケトンと、ギ酸エチル、ジメチルオキシレート及び酢酸エチルジメチルのようなアルキルカルボキシレートと、メチレンクロライド、ジクロロモノ−フルオロメタン、ジフルオロメタン、トリフルオロメタン、ジフルオロエタン、テトラフルオロエタン、クロロジフルオロエタン、1,1−ジクロロ−2,2,2−トリフルオロエタン、2,2−ジクロロ−2−フルオロエタン及びヘプタフルオロプロパンのようなハロゲン化炭化水素である。これら低沸点液体同士の混合物、及び/又は、これら低沸点化合物と他の置換又は非置換炭化水素の混合物も使用可能である。ギ酸、酢酸、シュウ酸、リシノール酸及びカルボキシル−含有化合物のような有機カルボン酸もまた好ましい。
硬質ウレタンフォームの製造に使用する触媒(G)は、反応性水素原子、特にヒドロキシル基を含む成分(B)〜(H)化合物と、ポリイソシアネート(A)との反応を実質的に加速する化合物である。
硬質ポリウレタンフォームを製造するため、更なる助剤及び/又は添加剤(H)を、反応混合物に任意に添加することができる。例えば、表面−活性物質、泡安定剤、気泡調整剤、繊維、染料、顔料、加水分解防止剤、静真菌薬及び静菌性物質について言及される。
・0〜30質量%の更なるポリエステルポリオール(C)、
・25〜55質量%のポリエーテルポリオール(D)、
・10〜40質量%の難燃剤(E)、
・1〜30質量%の発泡剤(F)、
・0.5〜10質量%の触媒(G)、及び
・0〜20質量%、特に、0.5〜20質量%の更なる助剤及び添加剤(H)。
・0質量%の更なるポリエステルポリオール(C)、
・29〜45質量%のポリエーテルポリオール(D)、
・15〜30質量%の難燃剤(E)、
・3〜15質量%の発泡剤(F)、
・0.5〜10質量%の触媒(G)、及び
・0.5〜5質量%の更なる助剤及び添加剤(H)。
硬化はボルトテストにより判定した。このため、ポリスチレンビーカー中でポリウレタンフォームの成分を混合してから2.5、3、4、5、6及び7分後に、半径10mm球冠を持つ鋼ボルトを、張力/圧縮テスターにより、形成されたマッシュルーム−型に深さ10mm押圧した。ここで、必要とされる最大力Nを、フォームの硬化の基準とした。
下記のポリウレタン系システムは、単一繊維時間(unitary fiber time)に応じ、ポリウレタン触媒濃度を変えることで調整した。系が低濃度触媒を必要とする場合、これはその系が高い自己反応性を持つことを意味する。
寸法安定性は、発泡後の要素厚の測定により判定される。このため、外層材料として0.05mm厚アルミニウム箔を備えたサンドイッチ要素を、二重ベルト工程で製造し、要素厚さは、製造5分後に、要素中央の厚さで測定した。このように測定される要素厚さが仕様要素厚(この場合は170mm)に近づくに従って、寸法安定性が良好になる。
・硬質ポリウレタンフォームの製造(変形例1)
イソシアネートと、イソシアネートに対し反応性の成分とを、発泡剤、触媒並びに全ての更なる添加剤と共に、ポリオールのイソシアネートに対する一定の混合比100:180で発泡させた。
本発明実施例又は比較例としてのポリエステロール30質量部;
OH価が490mgKOH/gであり、出発分子としてのショ糖/グリセロール混合物に対するプロピレンオキシドの重付加により生成され、平均官能価が4.3のポリエーテルオール36.5質量部;
ヒドロキシル官能価が2、ヒドロキシル価が190mgKOH/gの、エトキシル化エチレングリコールからのポリエーテルオール6質量部;
難燃剤としてのトリスクロロイソプロピルホスフェート(TCPP)25質量部;及び、
モメンティブ社のNiax Silicone L6635安定剤2.5質量部、そして更に、
S80:20ペンタン(n‐ペンタン80質量%とイソペンタン20質量%とからなる)5.5質量部;
水約2.2質量部;及び、
酢酸カリウム溶液(エチレングリコール中47質量%)1.0質量部。
更にまた、以下でも触媒1とする、繊維時間調整用のジメチルシクロヘキシルアミン(DMCHA)。
Lupranat(登録商標)M50(BASF社製、25℃での粘度が約500mPa・sの高分子メチレン(ジフェニルジイソシアネート)(PMDI))180質量部
・硬質ウレタンフォームの製造(変形例2)
ポリオール成分のイソシアネートに対する一定の比率100:160で、イソシアネート及びイソシアネート−反応性成分を、発泡剤、触媒並びに全ての更なる添加剤と一緒に発砲させた。
本発明または比較例としてのポリエステロール30質量部;
OH価が490mgKOH/gであり、出発分子としてのショ糖/グリセロール混合物に対するプロピレンオキシドの重付加により生成され、平均官能価が4.3のポリエーテルポリオール37質量部;
ヒドロキシル官能価が2、ヒドロキシル価が190mgKOH/gの、エトキシル化エチレングリコールからのポリエーテルオール6質量部;
難燃剤としてのトリスクロロイソプロピルホスフェート(TCPP)25質量部;及び、
モメンティブ社のNiax Silicone L6635安定剤2質量部、そして更に、
S80:20ペンタン5.5質量部;
水約1.8質量部;及び、
酢酸カリウム溶液(エチレングリコール中47質量部)1.2質量部。
Lupranat(登録商標)M50を160質量部
二重ベルト工程により、170mm厚のサンドイッチ要素を製造した。ペンタン含量を5.5部で一定に維持したまま水の量を変え、泡密度を38+/−1g/Lに調整した。ジメチルシクロヘキシルアミンの割合を変え、繊維時間を更に、35+/−s(秒)に調整した。その結果を表2にまとめた。
Claims (18)
- (A)少なくとも1種のポリイソシアネートと、
(B)少なくとも1種のポリエーテルエステルポリオールであって、それぞれ成分(b1)〜(b4)の合計量100mol%に対し、
(b1)ジカルボン酸組成物であって、(b11)当該ジカルボン酸組成物に対し50〜100mol%の1種以上の芳香族ジカルボン酸又はその誘導体と、(b12)当該ジカルボン酸組成物に対し0〜50mol%の1種以上の脂肪族ジカルボン酸又はその誘導体と、を含むジカルボン酸組成物を10〜70mol%と、
(b2)1種以上の脂肪酸又は脂肪酸誘導体を2〜30mol%と、
(b3)1種以上の、炭素原子2〜18を含む脂肪族又は脂環式ジオール、若しくはそのアルコキシレートを10〜70mol%と、
(b4)官能価が2を超えるポリオールのアルコキシ化により生成される、官能価が2以上のポリエーテルポリオールを2〜50mol%と、
をエステル化して得られるポリエーテルエステルポリオールと、
(C)任意に成分(B)以外の更なるポリエステルポリオールと、
(D)ポリエーテルポリオールと、
(E)任意に難燃剤と、
(F)1種以上の発泡剤と、
(G)触媒と、
(H)任意に更なる助剤又は添加剤と、
を反応させる工程を含み、
成分(B)及び任意に(C)の合計の、成分(D)に対する質量比が、1.6未満である硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。 - 成分(B)及び(C)の合計の、成分(D)に対する前記質量比が、0.1を超える請求項1に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- ポリエーテルエステルポリオール(B)の、ポリエーテルエステルポリオール(B)及び(C)中の割合は、少なくとも25質量%である請求項1又は請求項2に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 更なるポリエステルポリオール(C)を反応させない請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- ポリエーテルポリオール(b4)の官能価は2よりも大きい請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- ポリエーテルポリオール(b4)は、ソルビトール、ペンタエリトリトール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセロール、ポリグリセロール及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択されるポリオールのアルコキシ化により製造される請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール(b4)は、エチレンオキシドとのアルコキシ化により製造される請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール(b4)は、アミンアルコキシ化触媒の存在下で、エチレンオキシドとのアルコキシ化により製造される請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記成分(b11)は、テレフタル酸、ジメチルテレフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、フタル酸、無水フタル酸及びイソフタル酸からなる群より選択されるいずれか1種以上の化合物を含む請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記ジカルボン酸組成物(b1)は、脂肪族ジカルボン酸(b12)を含まない請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記脂肪酸又は脂肪酸誘導体(b2)は、オレイン酸とオレイン酸メチルとからなる群より選択される請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族又は脂環式ジオール、若しくはそのアルコキシレート(b3)は、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,5−ペンタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、2−メチル−1,3−プロパンジオール及び3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオール並びにそれらのアルコキシレートからなる群より選択される請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール(D)は、当該ポリエーテルポリオール成分(D)のうちの一部がプロピレンオキシドを原料にして製造され(ポリエーテルポリオール成分(D1))、その余のポリエーテルポリオール成分(D)がエチレンオキシドを原料にして製造された(ポリエーテルポリオール成分(D2))、ポリエーテルポリオール混合物からなる請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール成分(D1)は、平均OH官能価が3を超え、かつ、OH価が300mgKOH/gを超える、請求項13に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール成分(D1)は、平均OH官能価が6未満であり、かつ、OH価が600mgKOH/g未満である、請求項13又は14に記載の硬質ポリウレタンフォーム又は硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームの製造方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法で製造される硬質ポリウレタン又はポリイソシアヌレートフォーム。
- 請求項16記載の硬質ポリウレタン又はポリイソシアヌレートフォームを、硬質又は軟質外層を持つサンドイッチ要素の製造に使用する方法。
- それぞれ成分(B)〜(H)の合計質量100質量%に対し、
10〜50質量%のポリエーテルエステルポリオール(B)、
0〜30質量%の成分(B)以外の更なるポリエステルポリオール(C)、
25〜55質量%のポリエーテルポリオール(D)、
10〜40質量%の難燃剤(E)、
1〜30質量%の発泡剤(F)、
0.5〜10質量%の触媒(G)、及び
0〜20質量%の更なる助剤又は添加剤(H)を含み、
前記成分(B)〜(H)は、それぞれ請求項1〜15のいずれか1項で定義されるものであり、成分(B)及び(C)の合計の、成分(D)に対する質量比は1.6未満であるポリオール成分。
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US9475220B2 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2016-10-25 | Basf Se | Process for producing composite elements |
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