JP6569521B2 - 成膜装置 - Google Patents
成膜装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6569521B2 JP6569521B2 JP2015252081A JP2015252081A JP6569521B2 JP 6569521 B2 JP6569521 B2 JP 6569521B2 JP 2015252081 A JP2015252081 A JP 2015252081A JP 2015252081 A JP2015252081 A JP 2015252081A JP 6569521 B2 JP6569521 B2 JP 6569521B2
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 236
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 89
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGRVKSPUKAFTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-silylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN[SiH3] CGRVKSPUKAFTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si]Cl BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/511—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using microwave discharges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4412—Details relating to the exhausts, e.g. pumps, filters, scrubbers, particle traps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
- C23C16/45548—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus having arrangements for gas injection at different locations of the reactor for each ALD half-reaction
- C23C16/45551—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus having arrangements for gas injection at different locations of the reactor for each ALD half-reaction for relative movement of the substrate and the gas injectors or half-reaction reactor compartments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45578—Elongated nozzles, tubes with holes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/458—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4582—Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs
- C23C16/4583—Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs the substrate being supported substantially horizontally
- C23C16/4584—Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs the substrate being supported substantially horizontally the substrate being rotated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/0217—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon nitride not containing oxygen, e.g. SixNy or SixByNz
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02211—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound being a silane, e.g. disilane, methylsilane or chlorosilane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/02274—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition in the presence of a plasma [PECVD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/0228—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition deposition by cyclic CVD, e.g. ALD, ALE, pulsed CVD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68742—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by a lifting arrangement, e.g. lift pins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68764—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by a movable susceptor, stage or support, others than those only rotating on their own vertical axis, e.g. susceptors on a rotating caroussel
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- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68771—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by supporting more than one semiconductor substrate
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Description
一方で、成膜装置においては、ウエハに成膜される薄膜の面内均一性の向上が求められており、この要請は特許文献1に記載の成膜装置においても同様である。
このため、特許文献2には、特許文献1に記載の第2の領域のように、広い領域内で反応ガスの供給を行うにあたって、薄膜の面内均一性を向上させることを可能とする構成の開示はない。
前記真空容器内に設けられ、基板が載置される基板載置領域を公転中心周りに公転させるための回転テーブルと、
前記基板載置領域が通過する公転面を、当該基板載置領域の公転の方向と交差する方向に区画してなる第1の領域に、前記回転テーブルと対向するように設けられた吐出部から前記薄膜の原料ガスを供給する第1のガス供給部と、
前記吐出部の周囲を囲む第1の閉路に沿って延在するように形成された排気口から排気を行う排気部と、
前記排気口の周囲を囲む第2の閉路に沿って延在するように形成された分離ガス供給口から、前記第2の閉路の内外を分離するための分離ガスを供給する第2のガス供給部と、
前記基板載置領域の公転の方向と交差する方向に伸び、前記第2の閉路の外側に位置している前記回転テーブルの上方空間の一部の空間として設けられた第2の領域を挟んで、前記公転の方向に間隔を開けて配置されると共に、各々、前記原料ガスと反応する反応ガスを第2の領域側へ向けて吐出するためのガス吐出孔が形成された2本のガスインジェクターを備えた第3のガス供給部と、
前記第2の領域へ向けて吐出された反応ガスをプラズマ化するためのプラズマ形成部と、を備え、
前記2本のガスインジェクターの成す角度が180度未満であることを特徴とする。
(a)前記真空容器には、回転テーブルの周縁側から、前記第2の領域へ向けて前記反応ガスを吐出するガス吐出孔を備えた第4のガス供給部が設けられていること。
(b)前記第2の領域よりも回転テーブルの径方向外側の位置であって、前記真空容器と回転テーブルとの間に開口し、前記反応ガスの排気を行う排気口を備えた反応ガス排気部を備えたこと。
(c)前記プラズマ形成部は、前記第2の領域の平面形状に対応する領域内に、マイクロ波を放射するための多数のスロットが形成されたスロット板と、前記回転テーブルとスロット板との間に設けられ、当該スロット板から放射されるマイクロ波が透過する誘電体プレートと、を備えること。
(d)前記第1の領域は、基板載置領域の公転の方向と交差する方向に伸び、間隔を開けて配置された2辺を有し、これら2辺の成す角度が180度未満であること。
なお、ウエハ載置領域21の構成は、ウエハWを収容するだけの単純な凹部を設ける場合(例えば図7の模式図参照)に限定されるものではない。例えば上述の凹部に加え、ウエハWの周縁に沿って当該凹部より深い円環状の溝を設けることにより、原料ガスや反応ガスの滞留時間を調節する構成を採用してもよい。
図4、及び原料ガスユニット3を下面側から見た平面図である図5に示すように、原料ガス拡散空間33(原料ガスユニット3)の下面には、原料ガス拡散空間33から回転テーブル2側へ向けて原料ガスを供給するための多数の吐出孔331が穿設されている。
多数の吐出孔331が設けられた前記領域は、原料ガスの吐出部330に相当する。また、吐出部330、原料ガス拡散空間33、原料ガス供給路17、開閉弁V1、流量調節部521、原料ガス供給源52は、本例の第1のガス供給部を構成している。
上述の排気口321、排気空間32、排気路192、排気手段51は、本例の排気部を構成している。
上述の分離ガス供給口311、分離ガス拡散空間31、分離ガス供給路16、開閉弁V2、流量調節部531、分離ガス供給源53は、本例の第2のガス供給部を構成している。
そこで、本実施の形態の成膜装置では、2本のガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)を用いて反応ガスの高濃度領域を形成している。以下、ガスインジェクター7を用いてプラズマ化した反応ガスを供給する機構の構成例について説明する。
反応ガスの高濃度領域を形成するという観点では、2本のガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)が成す角度θ2は、180度未満に設定される。前記角度θ2は、好適には10〜110度の範囲内、さらに好適には40〜80度の範囲内の値となるように調節するとよい。
なお、第4のガス供給部から反応ガスを供給することは必須ではない。例えばガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)から回転テーブル2の周縁部側の領域に対しても十分に高濃度の反応ガスを供給できる場合などにおいては、第4のガス供給部の設置を省略してもよい。
図3、6に示すようにプラズマ形成部6は、真空容器11内へ向けてマイクロ波を放射するアンテナ部60と、アンテナ部60に向けてマクロ波を供給する同軸導波管65、及びマイクロ波発生器69を備える。アンテナ部60は、ガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)から反応ガスが供給される領域の上方位置の天板12に設けられ、前記領域に対応させた概略三角形の形状の開口を塞いでいる。
誘電体窓61はマイクロ波の波長を短縮させるものであり、例えばアルミナセラミックから構成され、天板12側の開口を塞ぐことが可能な概略三角形の平面形状を有する。誘電体窓61の周縁部は、天板12に形成された開口の周囲の部材によって支持されている一方、当該周縁部よりも内側の領域は、真空容器11内へ向けて露出している。誘電体窓61の下面には、所定の領域にマイクロ波のエネルギーを集中させることにより、プラズマを安定して発生させるための、テーパー面を備えた環状の凹部611を設けてもよい。
以上に説明した構成により、プラズマ形成部6においては、マイクロ波発生器69にて発生させたマイクロ波が、同軸導波管65を通って、誘電体プレート63に供給され、スロット板62のスロット孔621を介して誘電体窓61からその下方側の空間に供給される。
従って、ガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)は、第2の領域R2を挟んで間隔を開けて配置されると言い替えることができる。またプラズマ形成部6についても当該第2の領域R2へ向けて吐出された反応ガスをプラズマ化する構成となっていると言える。そして既述のように、ガスインジェクター7はウエハ載置領域21の公転の方向と交差する方向に伸びるように設けられ、また反応ガス吐出孔701はウエハWの全面に反応ガスを供給可能な範囲に亘って形成されている。従って、回転テーブル2を回転させると、各ウエハ載置領域21に載置されたウエハWが第2の領域R2を通過し、原料ガスを吸着したウエハWの全面に対してプラズマ化した反応ガスを供給することができる。
排気溝191、排気口190、排気路19、及び排気手段55は、本例の反応ガス排気部に相当する。また第2の領域R2の外方側へ均等に排気が行われるように、排気溝191の上面に、例えば多数の開口が形成された整流板を設けてもよい。
初めに、搬入出部101のゲートバルブを開き、外部の搬送機構によって真空容器11内にウエハWを搬入した後、不図示の昇降ピンを用いて回転テーブル2のウエハ載置領域21に受け渡す。ウエハWの受け渡しは、回転テーブル2を間欠的に回転させて行い、全てのウエハ載置領域21にウエハWを載置する。
しかる後、時計回りに回転テーブル2を回転させ、予め設定された回転速度を維持しながら、ヒーター46によりウエハWを加熱する。図示しない温度センサによりウエハWの温度が所定の設定温度になったことを確認したら、吐出部330から原料ガスの供給を開始すると共に、ガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)、周縁側反応ガス吐出孔702から反応ガスの供給を開始する。また、反応ガスの供給開始と共に、プラズマ形成部6のアンテナ部60からのマイクロ波の供給を行う。
例えば、成膜後のウエハWの膜厚分布を測定したとき、回転テーブル2の回転方向に見て、先に第2の領域R2に進入するウエハWの端部(上流端部)側の膜厚が相対的に薄く、後から第2の領域R2に進入するウエハWの端部(下流端部)側の膜厚が相対的に厚くなる結果が得られたとする。この場合には、例えば上流側に配置された第1のインジェクター71から供給する反応ガスの流量が、下流側に配置された第2のインジェクター72から供給する反応ガスの流量よりも大きくなるように流量調節を行うことより、上述の膜厚分布を平坦化することが可能であることが分かっている。
また、第1の領域R1の形状が扇形ではない場合についても、ウエハ載置領域21の公転の方向と交差する方向に伸びる2辺の成す角度は、ガスインジェクター7の場合と同様に定義することができる。
実施の形態に係る成膜装置を用いた場合と、ガスインジェクター7を用いない従来法にて反応ガスを供給する成膜装置を用いた場合とで、ウエハWに成膜される窒化ケイ素膜の膜厚分布を測定した。
A.実験条件
(実施例)図1〜図9を用いて説明した成膜装置を用いてシリコン窒化膜の成膜を行った。第1の領域R1に供給される原料ガス(ジクロロシラン濃度100vol%)の供給流量は1000ccm、反応ガス(アンモニア濃度100vol%)の供給流量は800ccmであり、ウエハWの加熱温度は475℃に設定した。回転テーブル2の回転速度は20rpmに設定し、回転テーブル2が積算で87回転する期間、成膜処理を行った。扇形の第1の領域R1において、回転テーブル2の半径方向に伸びる2辺の成す角度はθ1=50度であり、2本のガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)の成す角度はθ2=70度であった。成膜された窒化ケイ素膜の膜厚分布を膜厚計により計測した。
(比較例)図10を用いて説明した構成の成膜装置において、ガスインジェクター7(第1、第2のインジェクター71、72)を設けずに、回転テーブル2の周縁部側、及び回転軸14側から第1の領域R1以外の領域全体に反応ガスを供給した。原料ガス(ジクロロシラン濃度100vol%)の供給流量は800ccm、反応ガス(アンモニア濃度100vol%)の供給流量は200ccmであり、ウエハWの加熱温度は475℃に設定した。回転テーブル2の回転速度は10rpmに設定し、回転テーブル2が積算で81回転する期間中、成膜処理を行った。成膜された窒化ケイ素膜の膜厚分布を膜厚計により計測した。
実施例に係る膜厚分布測定結果を図11に示し、比較例に係る同様の結果を図12に示す。実施例、及び比較例の結果によれば、実施例の方がウエハWの面内でより均一な膜厚の窒化ケイ素膜が得られた一方、比較例ではウエハWの周縁部側から中央部側へ向けて膜厚が薄くなる傾向が顕著であった。平均の膜厚(Å)に対する±3σ(Å)の値の割合で比較すると、実施例は1.6%であり、比較例は6.5%であった。
従って、実施の形態に係る成膜装置はウエハWに成膜される薄膜の面内均一性を向上させる効果があることを確認できた。
R2 第2の領域
W ウエハ
2 回転テーブル
21 基板載置領域
330 吐出部
6 プラズマ形成部
7 ガスインジェクター
8 制御部
Claims (5)
- 真空容器内にて基板に薄膜を成膜するための成膜装置において、
前記真空容器内に設けられ、基板が載置される基板載置領域を公転中心周りに公転させるための回転テーブルと、
前記基板載置領域が通過する公転面を、当該基板載置領域の公転の方向と交差する方向に区画してなる第1の領域に、前記回転テーブルと対向するように設けられた吐出部から前記薄膜の原料ガスを供給する第1のガス供給部と、
前記吐出部の周囲を囲む第1の閉路に沿って延在するように形成された排気口から排気を行う排気部と、
前記排気口の周囲を囲む第2の閉路に沿って延在するように形成された分離ガス供給口から、前記第2の閉路の内外を分離するための分離ガスを供給する第2のガス供給部と、
前記基板載置領域の公転の方向と交差する方向に伸び、前記第2の閉路の外側に位置している前記回転テーブルの上方空間の一部の空間として設けられた第2の領域を挟んで、前記公転の方向に間隔を開けて配置されると共に、各々、前記原料ガスと反応する反応ガスを第2の領域側へ向けて吐出するためのガス吐出孔が形成された2本のガスインジェクターを備えた第3のガス供給部と、
前記第2の領域へ向けて吐出された反応ガスをプラズマ化するためのプラズマ形成部と、を備え、
前記2本のガスインジェクターの成す角度が180度未満であることを特徴とする成膜装置。 - 前記真空容器には、回転テーブルの周縁側から、前記第2の領域へ向けて前記反応ガスを吐出するガス吐出孔を備えた第4のガス供給部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜装置。
- 前記第2の領域よりも回転テーブルの径方向外側の位置であって、前記真空容器と回転テーブルとの間に開口し、前記反応ガスの排気を行う排気口を備えた反応ガス排気部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の成膜装置。
- 前記プラズマ形成部は、前記第2の領域の平面形状に対応する領域内に、マイクロ波を放射するための多数のスロットが形成されたスロット板と、前記回転テーブルとスロット板との間に設けられ、当該スロット板から放射されるマイクロ波が透過する誘電体プレートと、を備えることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか一つに記載の成膜装置。
- 前記第1の領域は、基板載置領域の公転の方向と交差する方向に伸び、間隔を開けて配置された2辺を有し、これら2辺の成す角度が180度未満であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか一つに記載の成膜装置。
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