JP6551927B2 - Combustion furnace burning and ash treatment and clinker countermeasure method - Google Patents
Combustion furnace burning and ash treatment and clinker countermeasure method Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、ハウス用の暖房機として有効であり、かつ、再生可能なエネルギーを使用している為ＣО２（二酸化炭素）を増加させない暖房機であって、所謂、木質ペレット（木質系バイオマス燃料）の火格子、又は燃焼炉（燃焼機）等への燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法に関する。 The present invention is a heater that is effective as a heater for a house and that uses renewable energy and does not increase CO2 (carbon dioxide), so-called wood pellet (wood-based biomass fuel) The present invention relates to a method of treating ash and clinker, and a method of treating ash and cinders of the grate of the present invention or combustion furnace (burner).
近年、ＣО２等の温室効果ガスによる地球温暖化問題、即ち、ＣО２の削減が求められている。これに鑑み、木質系バイオマス燃料（木質ペレット）による燃焼機が、ハウスの暖房手段として必要とされている。 In recent years, there has been a demand for the reduction of CO2 which is a problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gases such as CO2. In view of this, a combustor using woody biomass fuel (wood pellets) is required as a heating means for the house.
しかしながら、この種の暖房機においては、ペレット燃焼機の燃焼速度が遅く、かつ灰が多くなる特性があり、燃焼炉内に灰が残る。この灰はガラス塊（クリンカ）となり、問題である。例えば、火格子、内面へのガラス塊（ガラス質）が付着し、かつ火格子、及び燃焼筒体、燃焼ピットの内面等の機器の酸化による劣化が発生する。又は暖房機の効率的な連続燃焼と暖房とが図れない、等が考えられる。 However, this type of heater has the characteristics that the burning speed of the pellet combustor is slow and the amount of ash increases, and ash remains in the combustion furnace. This ash becomes a glass lump (clinker) and is a problem. For example, a grate, a glass lump (glassy substance) adhere to the inner surface, and deterioration due to oxidation of equipment such as the grate, the combustion cylinder, the inner surface of the combustion pit occurs. Or the efficient continuous combustion and heating of a heater can not be aimed at, etc. are considered.
この問題を解決するためには、ガラス塊（クリンカ）対策が必要である。 In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to take measures for the glass lump (clinker).
このクリンカ対策としては、例えば、燃焼炉内（炉内とする）での灰、燃えカスの堆積を無くす方法（前者）と、炉内を高温としない方法（後者）とが考えられる。 As measures against this clinker, for example, a method (the former) for eliminating the deposition of ash and burnt in the combustion furnace (in the furnace) and a method (the latter) in which the temperature in the furnace is not raised can be considered.
前者として、例えば、特開２００５−２０１５７５号公報（文献１）は、固形燃料の灰（燃焼残渣）を、燃焼皿の内側で粉砕する粉砕手段と，灰を排出する回転軸を設けた構造である。従って、粉砕手段等を設ける必要と、燃焼容器に工夫を要し、装置の複雑化と、コストの大幅な上昇が考えられる。特開２００８−２８１２１７号公報（文献２）は、燃焼流動層と旋回流層によって、炉内の燃焼後の排気ガスと、排気ガス中の不燃焼分や灰を巻き上げて合流煙室に導出し、炉内に不燃焼分や灰が残らず、もって、クリンカの発生を防止する構造である。しかし、缶体内に円管状燃焼炉を配備する構造であり、構造の複雑化と、コストの上昇、並びに保守管理の複雑化等を招来する虞がある。また、特開２００９−１９８０７１号公報（文献３）は、炉内に堆積した灰を、高圧空気を利用して排除する構造である。しかしながら、多数本のノズルを配備する構造であるので、前述の文献と同じような問題を抱えていると考えられる。 As the former, for example, JP-A-2005-201575 (Document 1) has a structure provided with a grinding means for grinding solid fuel ash (combustion residue) inside a combustion plate and a rotary shaft for discharging the ash. is there. Therefore, it is necessary to provide crushing means and the like, which requires devising of the combustion container, which may increase the complexity of the apparatus and the cost. JP 2008-281217 A (Document 2) winds up the exhaust gas after combustion in the furnace and the non-combustion and ash in the exhaust gas by the combustion fluidized bed and the swirling bed, and leads it to the combined smoke chamber This is a structure that prevents the generation of clinker without leaving unburned matter and ash in the furnace. However, this is a structure in which a circular tubular combustion furnace is disposed in the can, which may lead to a complicated structure, an increase in cost, and a complicated maintenance management. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2009-198071 (Document 3) has a structure in which ash deposited in a furnace is excluded using high-pressure air. However, since it is the structure which deploys many nozzles, it is thought that it has the same problem as the above-mentioned literature.
また、後者として、例えば、特開２００６−２７５３０１号公報（文献４）は、燃焼炉を、熱媒水内に設け、燃焼温度も低くすることと、木質ペレットを流動し、かつ燃焼部に対して一次燃焼空気を均一に供給し、局所的な高温部の発生を回避し、灰をセラミック層外へ飛散し、燃焼室内のクリンカ生成を回避し、かつ継続的に安定して燃焼し、かつ炉の焼損防止を図る構造で有る。しかし、温水ボイラの構造であって、下部に熱媒水を設けることから、構造の複雑化と、コストの上昇、並びに保守管理の複雑化等を招来する虞がある。特開２０１０−１８５６３１号公報（文献５）は、二次燃焼室の外壁に二重の水冷壁を設けた構造であり、文献４と軌を一にする。従って、同じような問題を抱えていると考えられる。 Further, as the latter, for example, JP-A-2006-275301 (Document 4) provides a combustion furnace in heat transfer water, lowers the combustion temperature, flows wood pellets, and Supply the primary combustion air uniformly, avoid the generation of local high temperature parts, ash is scattered out of the ceramic layer, avoid the generation of clinker in the combustion chamber, and continuously and stably burn, and It has a structure that prevents burning of the furnace. However, since the structure of the hot water boiler is provided with heat transfer water at the lower part, the structure may be complicated, the cost may be increased, and the maintenance management may be complicated. Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2010-185631 (Document 5) has a structure in which a double water-cooled wall is provided on the outer wall of the secondary combustion chamber. Therefore, it is thought that it has the same problem.
先行文献の問題解決を図るために、本発明は、以下のことを目的とする。 In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention has the following object.
１．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体へとペレットを瞬時に投入し、その後に、誘引ファン、及び／又は、燃焼ファンを同時に働かせ、燃焼筒体、及び／又は、燃焼炉内の温度上昇を回避しつつ、灰を二次燃焼用の炉内に送ることで、燃焼筒体への灰、燃えカスの堆積を回避できる（灰が、略残らない）構造であり、実用性が発揮できる。 1. The pellets are instantaneously introduced into the combustion cylinder of the heater, and thereafter the induction fan and / or the combustion fan are simultaneously operated to prevent the temperature rise in the combustion cylinder and / or the combustion furnace. By sending ash into the furnace for secondary combustion, it is possible to avoid the accumulation of ash and burning residue on the combustion cylinder (the ash does not substantially remain), and practicality can be exhibited.
２．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体へとペレットを瞬時に投入し、併せて、誘引ファン、及び／又は、燃焼ファンを同時に働かせる方法であり、一次燃焼の燃焼筒体での確実な燃焼を図りつつ、かつ高温燃焼を皆無とする方法である。 2. A method of instantaneously feeding the pellets into the combustion cylinder of the heater and simultaneously causing the induction fan and / or the combustion fan to work simultaneously, while ensuring reliable combustion in the combustion cylinder of the primary combustion, In addition, this method eliminates high-temperature combustion.
３．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体において、灰、燃えカスの堆積がなく、従来の如く、灰が高温の熱に晒され変形することや、火格子、内面へのガラス質（ガラス塊）の付着が無くなり、かつ火格子、及び燃焼筒体、燃焼ピットの内面等の機器の酸化による劣化が無くなる。 3. There is no accumulation of ash and burnt in the combustion cylinder of the heater, and as in the conventional case, the ash is exposed to high temperature heat and is deformed, grate, adhesion of glass (glass lump) to the inner surface The deterioration due to oxidation of the equipment such as the grate, the combustion cylinder and the inner surface of the combustion pit is eliminated.
４．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体において、燃焼効率を上げて燃焼ガス及び燃えカスを無くし、残留する灰を略無くすこと（灰を、可及的に０とすること）で、この灰の排出に要する装置の設置を無くし、簡略化と低コスト化、又は保守管理の容易化等に寄与できる。 4. ) In the combustion cylinder of the heater, the combustion efficiency is increased to eliminate the combustion gas and the embers, and the residual ash is substantially eliminated (the ash is made as zero as possible), which is required for the discharge of the ash. It is possible to eliminate the installation of the device and contribute to simplification and cost reduction or facilitation of maintenance management.
５．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体において、燃焼効率を上げて燃焼ガス及び燃えカスを無くし、残留する灰を略無くすこと（灰を、可及的に０とすること）で、燃焼筒体内の掃除回数を少なくし、保守管理の容易化が図れる。 5. ) In the combustion cylinder of the heater, the combustion efficiency is increased to eliminate combustion gas and embers, and the remaining ash is substantially eliminated (the ash is made as zero as possible). The maintenance management can be facilitated.
本発明は、前述した１．）〜５．）を達成するために、請求項１〜３を提案する。 The present invention is the above-described 1. ) -5. In order to achieve the above, claims 1 to 3 are proposed.
請求項１の発明では、点火バーナ及び燃焼ファン、並びに木質ペレット投入管を備えた一次燃焼用の燃焼筒体と、この燃焼筒体に連設された二次燃焼用の燃焼炉、及び／又は、この燃焼炉の送出側にある三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットと、四次燃焼用の燃焼ピットでなる燃焼機本体であって、
投入管からのペレットの投入を、燃焼筒体に短時間に行い、その後、ペレットの投入を、一時的に、止めるか、又は僅少とするとともに、燃焼機本体に設けた誘引ファン、及び燃焼筒体に設けた燃焼ファンを稼働した状態で、点火バーナをオンし、その後、ペレットを燃焼筒体に供給し、燃焼機本体を連続運転しつつ、誘引ファン、及び燃焼ファンを稼働するとともに、燃焼機本体を負圧に維持しながら、高温燃焼し、ポストパージに入ると、ペレットの投入を停止するが、誘引ファン、及び燃焼ファンの稼働を維持して、所定時間、二次燃焼を継続する燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法において、
燃焼炉より吹出された燃焼ガスと燃えカスを、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットに向かって、燃焼炉の本体部内を乱舞するように送り込む（吹き飛ばすように送り込む）とともに、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットの数箇所の吸込溝からの外気を介して、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットにおいて、乱舞させ、完全燃焼を達成するために、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピット内に溜まった木質ペレットの燃えカスを舞い上がらせ、さらに燃焼を促進し、乱舞のために、四次燃焼用の燃焼ピットを三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットより一段低くしたことと、後側（入口側）に吸込溝を設け、後側より吸込み風を送る構成とした燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法であり、
１．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体へのペレットを瞬時に投入し、その後に、誘引ファン、及び／又は、燃焼ファンを同時に働かせ、燃焼筒体、及び／又は、燃焼炉内の温度上昇を回避しつつ、灰を二次燃焼用の炉内に送ることで、燃焼筒体への灰、燃えカスの堆積を回避できる（灰が、略残らない）。
In the invention of claim 1, a combustion cylinder for primary combustion provided with an ignition burner, a combustion fan, and a wood pellet input pipe, a combustion furnace for secondary combustion connected to the combustion cylinder, and / or , A combustion body having a combustion pit for tertiary combustion on the delivery side of the combustion furnace and a combustion pit for quaternary combustion ,
The pellets are charged from the charging pipe into the combustion cylinder in a short time, and then the pellets are temporarily stopped or reduced to a small amount, and the induction fan provided in the combustor main body and the combustion cylinder Turn on the ignition burner with the combustion fan installed on the body running, then supply the pellets to the combustion cylinder, operate the combustion machine continuously, operate the induction fan and the combustion fan, and burn While maintaining the main body at a negative pressure, high-temperature combustion is performed, and when the post-purge is started, the charging of the pellets is stopped, but the operation of the induction fan and the combustion fan is maintained, and the secondary combustion is continued for a predetermined time. In the treatment of burnt residue and ash in the combustion furnace and clinker countermeasures ,
The combustion gas and the burnt from the combustion furnace are sent to the combustion pits for tertiary combustion so as to disperse in the main body of the combustion furnace (blowing away) and the number of combustion pits for tertiary combustion In the combustion pit for tertiary combustion through external air from the suction groove at the location, to make the flames flutter and achieve complete combustion, burn up debris of wood pellets accumulated in the combustion pit for tertiary combustion, and further The combustion pit for quaternary combustion is made one step lower than the combustion pit for tertiary combustion, and a suction groove is provided on the rear side (inlet side) to send combustion air from the rear side. It is a method of processing and clinker of combustion residue and ash of the combustion furnace which is composed ,
1. ) Instantly throw pellets into the combustion cylinder of the heater, and then simultaneously actuate the induction fan and / or combustion fan to avoid temperature rise in the combustion cylinder and / or combustion furnace By sending ash into the furnace for secondary combustion, it is possible to avoid the accumulation of ash and burning residue on the combustion cylinder (the ash is hardly left).
２．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体へのペレットを瞬時に投入し、併せて、誘引ファン、及び／又は、燃焼ファンを同時に働かせる方法であり、一次燃焼の燃焼筒体での確実な燃焼を図りつつ、かつ高温燃焼を皆無とする方法である。 2. A method of instantaneously injecting pellets into the combustion cylinder of the heater and simultaneously causing the induction fan and / or the combustion fan to simultaneously work, while ensuring reliable combustion in the combustion cylinder of the primary combustion, In addition, this method eliminates high-temperature combustion.
３．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体において、灰、燃えカスの堆積がなく、従来の如く、灰が高温の熱に晒され変形することや、火格子、内面へのガラス質（ガラス塊）の付着が無くなり、かつ火格子、及び燃焼筒体、燃焼ピットの内面等の機器の酸化による劣化が無くなる。 3. There is no accumulation of ash and burnt in the combustion cylinder of the heater, and as in the conventional case, the ash is exposed to high temperature heat and is deformed, grate, adhesion of glass (glass lump) to the inner surface The deterioration due to oxidation of the equipment such as the grate, the combustion cylinder and the inner surface of the combustion pit is eliminated.
４．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体において、燃焼効率を上げて燃焼ガス及び燃えカスを無くし、残留する灰を略無くすこと（灰を、可及的に０とすること）で、この灰の排出に要する装置の設置を無くし、簡略化と低コスト化、又は保守管理の容易化等に寄与できる。 4. ) In the combustion cylinder of the heater, the combustion efficiency is increased to eliminate the combustion gas and the embers, and the residual ash is substantially eliminated (the ash is made as zero as possible), which is required for the discharge of the ash. It is possible to eliminate the installation of the device and contribute to simplification and cost reduction or facilitation of maintenance management.
５．） 暖房機の燃焼筒体において、燃焼効率を上げて燃焼ガス及び燃えカスを無くし、残留する灰を略無くすこと（灰を、可及的に０とすること）で、燃焼筒体内の掃除回数を少なくし、保守管理の容易化が図れる。 5. ) In the combustion cylinder of the heater, the combustion efficiency is increased to eliminate combustion gas and embers, and the remaining ash is substantially eliminated (the ash is made as zero as possible). The maintenance management can be facilitated.
請求項２の発明は、点火バーナ及び燃焼ファン、並びに木質ペレット投入管を備えた一次燃焼用の燃焼筒体と、燃焼筒体に連設された二次燃焼用の燃焼炉、及び燃焼炉の送出側にある三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットと、四次燃焼用の燃焼ピットでなる燃焼機本体であって、
投入管からのペレットの投入は、モータ回転数を５０〜６０Ｈｚ（モータ／各種ファン等の回転は、モータ／各種ファン等の機器の種類・大小、或いは装置の大小とか、木質ペレット投入量等の種々の要素により、最適な数値を選択する。以下、同じ）で、燃焼筒体に短時間に行い、その後、ペレットの投入を、一時的に、止めるか、又は僅少とするとともに、燃焼機本体に設けた誘引ファンのモータ回転数を５０〜６０Ｈｚで、燃焼筒体に設けた燃焼ファンのモータ回転数を４０〜６０Ｈｚで維持した状態で、点火バーナをオンし、その後、ペレットの投入は、モータ回転数を３０〜４０Ｈｚの間の一定値まで徐々に増やしながら燃焼筒体に供給し、燃焼機本体を連続運転しつつ、誘引ファンのモータ回転数を５５Ｈｚ〜６０Ｈｚに、燃焼ファンのモータ回転数を４０Ｈｚ〜５０Ｈｚに維持するとともに、燃焼機本体を負圧−２０〜３０ｍｍＨ２О（好ましい範囲の一例である）とし、高温燃焼し、ポストパージに入ると、ペレットの投入を停止するが、誘引ファンのモータ回転数を５５Ｈｚ〜６０Ｈｚに、燃焼ファンのモータ回転数を３０〜６０Ｈｚに維持して、所定時間、二次燃焼を継続する燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法において、
燃焼炉より吹出された燃焼ガスと燃えカスを、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットに向かって、燃焼炉の本体部内を乱舞するように送り込む（吹き飛ばすように送り込む）とともに、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットの数箇所の吸込溝からの外気を介して、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットにおいて、乱舞させ、完全燃焼を達成するために、三次燃焼用の燃焼ピット内に溜まった木質ペレットの燃えカスを舞い上がらせ、さらに燃焼を促進し、乱舞のために、四次燃焼用の燃焼ピットを三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットより一段低くしたことと、後側（入口側）に吸込溝を設け、後側より吸込み風を送る構成とし、かつ燃焼ガスと燃えカスを舞い上がらせるに十分な旋回流と上昇流を発生する構成とした燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法であり、請求項１と、略同じ特徴がある。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustion cylinder for primary combustion provided with an ignition burner, a combustion fan, and a wood pellet injection pipe, a combustion furnace for secondary combustion connected to the combustion cylinder, and a combustion furnace a combustion pit for tertiary combustion in the delivery side, met combustor main body formed in the combustion pit for quaternary combustion,
Pellet is charged from the injection tube at a motor rotation speed of 50-60 Hz (motor / various fan rotation is the type / size of the motor / various fan, etc., the size of the device, the amount of wood pellets, etc. The optimum numerical value is selected according to various factors (hereinafter the same), and then the combustion cylinder is put into the combustion cylinder in a short time. The ignition burner was turned on while maintaining the motor speed of the induction fan provided in the combustion cylinder at 50 to 60 Hz and the motor speed of the combustion fan provided in the combustion cylinder at 40 to 60 Hz. While gradually increasing the motor speed to a constant value between 30 and 40 Hz, supplying it to the combustion cylinder and continuously operating the combustor body, the motor speed of the induction fan is combusted to 55 Hz to 60 Hz. The fan rotation speed is maintained at 40 Hz to 50 Hz, and the burner main body is set to a negative pressure of -20 to 30 mm H2O (which is an example of a preferable range), and high temperature combustion is performed. However, the induction fan motor rotation speed is maintained at 55 Hz to 60 Hz, the combustion fan motor rotation speed is maintained at 30 to 60 Hz, and secondary combustion is continued for a predetermined time. In the clinker countermeasure method ,
The combustion gas and the burnt from the combustion furnace are sent to the combustion pits for tertiary combustion so as to disperse in the main body of the combustion furnace (blowing away) and the number of combustion pits for tertiary combustion In the combustion pit for tertiary combustion through external air from the suction groove at the location, to make the flames flutter and achieve complete combustion, burn up debris of wood pellets accumulated in the combustion pit for tertiary combustion, and further The combustion pit for quaternary combustion is made one step lower than the combustion pit for tertiary combustion, and a suction groove is provided on the rear side (inlet side) to send combustion air from the rear side. configuration and then, and a configuration and combustion furnace cinders, and processing the clinker countermeasures of ash generated upflow sufficient swirling flow in order Maiagara debris burning with the combustion gases, in claim 1, It has the same features.
請求項３の発明は、燃焼ファンは、燃焼中はオフにし、木質ペレットの冷えを防止しつつ、かつ燃えカスの発生量の軽減化を図るとともに、ポストパージ時に、燃焼ファンを、オンとする構成とした請求項１、又は請求項２に記載の燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法であり、下記の特徴がある。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, the combustion fan is turned off during combustion, the wood pellet is prevented from being cooled, and the amount of generated combustion debris is reduced, and at the time of post purge, the combustion fan is turned on. A combustion furnace and ash treatment and clinker countermeasure method according to claim 1 or claim 2 configured as described above, and has the following characteristics.
請求項４の発明は、点火バーナのファンは、燃焼中は、オフにし、木質ペレットの冷えを防止しつつ、かつ燃えカスの発生量の軽減化を図るとともに、ポストパージ時に、ファンを、オンとする燃焼炉のクリンカ対策方法であり、下記の特徴がある。 According to the invention of claim 4, the fan of the ignition burner is turned off during combustion to prevent cooling of the wood pellet and reduce the amount of burnt residue, and at the time of post purge, the fan is turned on. It is a clinker countermeasure method for combustion furnaces, and has the following features.
１．）〜５．）の特徴を達成できる。
７．） 実施に即した、点火バーナの制御方法を提供できる。
1. ) -5. ) Can be achieved.
7). It is possible to provide a method for controlling the ignition burner in line with the implementation.
本発明の装置全体の一例を示した図１〜図１−３において、構成要素（部品）の概要は、箱形（一例である）であり、かつ天板面Ｚ（外周上側Ｚ１）に吸込み穴１を備えた木質ペレット燃焼機本体Ａと、燃焼機本体Ａの要部で、かつ後述する燃焼炉Ｃに繋がる後述する（以下、この段落では、省略する）点火バーナと燃焼ファン等を備えた燃焼機構Ｂ（燃焼筒体）と、この燃焼機構Ｂを一面（燃焼炉の入口側Ｘ１）に有しかつ他面（燃焼炉の送出側Ｙ１）が煙道に連通する、燃焼機本体Ａに内設した燃焼炉Ｃと、燃焼機本体Ａの一側面（裏面Ｏ）に接続した煙道と連通する、配管に設けた誘引ファンＤと、この配管と誘引ファンＤとの間に設けた集塵機Ｅと、前記入口側Ｘ１に繋がる木質ペレットＷ（木質ペレットＷとする）の投入口を備え、かつ木質ペレットＷを定量供給（制御）する搬送機構Ｆと、搬送機構Ｆに繋がるタンクＧと、煙突Ｉとでなる。以下、個別に説明する。尚、集塵機Ｅ、搬送機構Ｆ等の付帯設備を装置全体に含めたが、一例である。 In FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an example of the entire apparatus according to the present invention, the outline of the components (parts) is a box (which is an example) and is drawn into the top plate surface Z (peripheral upper side Z1) A wood pellet burner main body A provided with a hole 1, and an ignition burner and a combustion fan, which will be described later (it will be omitted in this paragraph) connected to a combustion furnace C described later Combustor main body A having the combustion mechanism B (combustion cylinder) and the combustion mechanism B on one side (combustion furnace inlet side X1) and the other side (combustion furnace delivery side Y1) communicating with the flue Provided between the pipe and the induction fan D, and the induction fan D provided in the pipe communicating with the combustion furnace C installed inside and the flue connected to one side surface (back surface O) of the combustion machine main body A A dust collector E and an inlet for wood pellet W (referred to as wood pellet W) connected to the inlet side X1 are provided. And a transport mechanism F for dispensing (control) wood pellets W, a tank G connected to the transport mechanism F, consisting of a chimney I. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually. Incidentally, incidental facilities such as the dust collector E and the transport mechanism F are included in the entire apparatus, but this is an example.
燃焼機本体Ａは、図１〜図１−３に示したように、箱形であり、燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１となる前面Ｘ、燃焼炉Ｃの送出側Ｙ１となる後面Ｙ、及び燃焼炉Ｃの外周上側Ｚ１となる天板面Ｚ、燃焼炉Ｃの外周裏側Ｏ１となる裏面Ｏ、並びに燃焼炉Ｃの外周表側Ｐ１となる表面Ｐとでなる。天板面Ｚには、空気吸込み穴１と、穴１の直上にファン２を備える。従って、ファン２の回転で、穴１より、燃焼機本体Ａの内面Ａ１と燃焼炉Ｃの外周上側Ｚ１とで形成された空間Ｒ（燃焼炉Ｃの上部）に、外気の送り込みができる。 The combustor main body A has a box shape as shown in FIGS. 1 to 1-3, a front surface X that becomes the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C, a rear surface Y that becomes the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C, and the combustion It consists of a top plate surface Z which is an outer peripheral upper side Z1 of the furnace C, a back surface O which is an outer peripheral back side O1 of the combustion furnace C, and a front surface P which is an outer peripheral front side P1 of the combustion furnace C. The top plate surface Z is provided with an air suction hole 1 and a fan 2 immediately above the hole 1. Accordingly, the rotation of the fan 2 allows the outside air to be fed into the space R (the upper portion of the combustion furnace C) formed by the inner surface A1 of the combustor body A and the outer peripheral upper side Z1 of the combustion furnace C through the hole 1.
燃焼機構Ｂは、図１−１〜図１−４と、図２に示したように、筒状であり、燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１（後述する前部）に突設した筒状の一次燃焼用の燃焼筒体３と、この燃焼筒体３の一方を開閉する開閉扉３ａと、開閉扉３ａに付設される点火バーナ４（バーナ４とする）と、燃焼ファン６（押込みファン）と、ペレット投入シュータ７とで構成する。従って、木質ペレットＷが、ペレット投入シュータ７より火格子１１の入口１１ａより内部１１ｂ（燃焼筒体３の当接開口壁面３ａ−１より、火格子１１の内部１１ｂ）に供給された後、点火バーナ４の働きで、燃焼する。尚、燃焼ファン６の風量を、制御手段Ｂ１で調整することも有り得る。燃焼効率と負圧調整等のためである。制御手段Ｂ１は、燃焼筒体３の下に設けた燃焼ファン６に繋がるチャンバー８と、このチャンバー８に設けた分岐した通路９ａ、９ｂと、通路９ａ、９ｂへの吸込み空気の通過量を規制するダンパ１０とで構成する。この通路９ａは、燃焼筒体３に繋がり、他の通路９ｂは、燃焼炉Ｃの送出側Ｙ１に繋がる構成である。従って、ダンパ１０の切換え制御で、図１に示したように、燃焼筒体３から燃焼炉Ｃの本体部Ｃ１への空気量と、燃焼炉Ｃの後述するロストル下部（燃焼炉Ｃの底部Ｃ２の上側空間）への空気量と、をコントロールする。
The combustion mechanism B is cylindrical as shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 1-4 and FIG. 2 , and is a cylindrical primary projecting on the inlet side X1 (front portion described later) of the combustion furnace C. A combustion cylinder 3 for combustion, an open / close door 3a that opens and closes one of the combustion cylinders 3, an ignition burner 4 (referred to as burner 4) attached to the open / close door 3a, and a combustion fan 6 (push-in fan) And a pellet charging shooter 7. Therefore, after the wood pellet W is supplied from the pellet charging shooter 7 to the inside 11b from the inlet 11a of the grate 11 (from the contact opening wall surface 3a-1 of the combustion cylinder 3 to the inside 11b of the grate 11), ignition is performed. It burns by the action of the burner 4. Note that the air volume of the combustion fan 6 may be adjusted by the control means B1. This is for adjusting the combustion efficiency and negative pressure. The control means B1 regulates the chamber 8 connected to the combustion fan 6 provided under the combustion cylinder 3, the branched passages 9a and 9b provided in the chamber 8, and the amount of intake air passing through the passages 9a and 9b. And the damper 10 to be configured. This passage 9a is connected to the combustion cylinder 3, and the other passage 9b is connected to the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, by switching control of the damper 10, the amount of air from the combustion cylinder 3 to the main body C <b> 1 of the combustion furnace C and the lower part of the combustion furnace C, which will be described later (the bottom part C <b> 2 of the combustion furnace C). Control the amount of air to the upper space).
燃焼炉Ｃの全体形態の一例は、各図で示した如く、全体視して筒状で、外周面の構造は、燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１と、燃焼炉Ｃの送出側Ｙ１、及び燃焼炉Ｃの外周上側Ｚ１と、燃焼炉Ｃの外周裏側Ｏ１、並びに燃焼炉Ｃの外周表側Ｐ１とでなる。そして、燃焼炉Ｃの本体部Ｃ１のその入口側Ｘ１には、一次燃焼筒体３が設けられている。なお燃焼機本体Ａの前面Ｘと後面Ｙにおける、燃焼機構Ｂの下方にあたる位置には、温風吹出口１２が設けられており、温風吹出口１２にはダクトＨを取り付ける。燃焼炉Ｃの前部Ｃ３には、前述した燃焼筒体３が設けられている。また、その内周面の構造は、入口側Ｘ１から送出側Ｙ１の長手方向に向かって低いスロープ形状に設置された横断面（長手方向と直交する短手方向の断面）において樋形状となった、空気通路９ｃを備えたロストル１６を設ける。このロストル１６は、後述する本体部Ｃ１にスペースをおいて設けられる外郭底板１６ａと、外郭底板１６ａの上に間隔をおいて設けた内底板１６ｂと、この外郭底板１６ａと内底板１６ｂとの間に形成された通路９ｃ（間隔）と、内底板１６ｂの長手方向に、間隔をおいて横設して開設した吹出スリット１７と、この内底板１６ｂの流れ方向（長手方向と同義）となった側面１６ｃ（堰）と、また、このロストル１６の入口側Ｑ１を、前記燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１に延設するとともに、火格子１１の開口側の下面に設置する取付部１６ｄと、で構成する。燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１の上には、燃焼筒体３の吹出口が設けられる。また、ロストル１６の送出側Ｒ１は、後述する三次燃焼ピット３０の部屋の上面に繋がる。本発明ではロストル１６の、少なくとも、内底板１６ｂと燃焼炉Ｃの本体部Ｃ１との空間を浮遊する燃焼済・燃焼中等の木質ペレットＷとか燃焼ガス等は、燃焼ファン６の押込力で、送出側Ｙ１に向かって移送される。その主体となるのが、ロストル１６の吹出スリット１７からの風（吹出空気）である。この風は、その表面を移送する燃焼済・燃焼中等の木質ペレットＷとか燃焼ガス等を、送出側Ｙ１に向かって押圧する働きと、木質ペレットＷとか燃焼ガス等を、空間に浮遊させる働きと、を有しており、結果として、完全燃焼と、効率的燃焼が担保される。 One example of the entire form of the combustion furnace C is a cylinder as a whole, as shown in the respective drawings, and the structure of the outer peripheral surface is the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C, the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C, and the combustion The outer peripheral upper side Z1 of the furnace C, the outer peripheral back side O1 of the combustion furnace C, and the outer peripheral front side P1 of the combustion furnace C. The primary combustion cylinder 3 is provided on the inlet side X1 of the main body portion C1 of the combustion furnace C. A hot air outlet 12 is provided at a position on the front surface X and the rear surface Y of the combustion machine main body A below the combustion mechanism B, and a duct H is attached to the hot air outlet 12. At the front portion C3 of the combustion furnace C, the above-described combustion cylinder 3 is provided. In addition, the structure of the inner circumferential surface became a wedge shape in a cross section (a cross section in the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) installed in a low slope shape from the inlet side X1 toward the longitudinal direction of the delivery side Y1. A rooster 16 having an air passage 9c is provided. The rooster 16 includes an outer bottom plate 16a provided with a space in a main body C1, which will be described later, an inner bottom plate 16b provided on the outer bottom plate 16a with a space therebetween, and between the outer bottom plate 16a and the inner bottom plate 16b. In the passage 9c (space) formed in the above, the blowout slit 17 opened horizontally spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the inner bottom plate 16b and the flow direction (equivalent to the longitudinal direction) of the inner bottom plate 16b The side surface 16c (weir), and the inlet side Q1 of the rooster 16 are extended to the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C, and the mounting portion 16d is installed on the lower surface of the grate 11 on the opening side. To do. On the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C, the outlet of the combustion cylinder 3 is provided. Further, the delivery side R1 of the rooster 16 is connected to the upper surface of the room of a tertiary combustion pit 30 described later. In the present invention, the wood pellet W or the combustion gas, etc., which has been burned or is in combustion, floating in at least the space between the inner bottom plate 16b and the main body C1 of the combustion furnace C, is sent out by the pushing force of the combustion fan 6. It is transferred toward the side Y1. The main component is the wind (blowing air) from the blowing slit 17 of the rooster 16. This wind has the function of pressing the burned and burning wood pellets W or the combustion gas, etc., which are transported on the surface, toward the sending side Y1, and the function of floating the wood pellets W or the combustion gas in the space. As a result, complete combustion and efficient combustion are secured.
ロストル１６の好ましい構成を説明すると、ロストル１６は、外郭底板１６ａと、内底板１６ｂと、この内底板１６ｂの両端部より傾斜方向に逆末広がりとなる両側面１６ｃ、１６ｃで形成される。内底板１６ｂは、多数枚の底板１６ｂ１の繋ぎ目に、下り傾斜角度を、順次備えた第一の吹出スリット１７ａ〜第ｎの吹出スリット１７ｎ（吹出スリット１７）を形成する。この一例では、各吹出スリット１７（各吹出風路）から、吹出された風と、両側面１６ｃで囲繞された樋形状の空間帯域とにより、空間で浮遊する燃焼済・燃焼中等の木質ペレットＷとか、燃焼ガス等は、少なくとも、この押込み力と樋形状との相乗効果で、燃焼炉Ｃの送出側Ｙ１に向かって移送される。また、空間、及び／又は、三次燃焼ピット３０での浮遊が保証されている。 The preferable configuration of the rooster 16 is described. The rooster 16 is formed of an outer bottom plate 16a, an inner bottom plate 16b, and both side surfaces 16c and 16c which are reversely spread in the direction of inclination from both ends of the inner bottom plate 16b. The inner bottom plate 16b forms a first blowout slit 17a to an nth blowout slit 17n (a blowout slit 17) sequentially provided with a downward inclination angle at the connection of a large number of bottom plates 16b1. In this example, the wood pellets W in a state of burning or burning floating in a space by the wind blown out from each blowing slit 17 (each blowing air passage) and the bowl-shaped space zone surrounded by both side surfaces 16c. In addition, the combustion gas or the like is transferred toward the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C at least by a synergistic effect of the pushing force and the soot shape. In addition, floating in space and / or tertiary combustion pits 30 is guaranteed.
尚、燃焼炉Ｃの後部Ｃ４で、図１と、図３、図４で示したように、その送出側Ｙ１には、底部Ｃ２より一段、及び／又は、二段低い底面３１（一段より、低いのが二段である）を備えた三次燃焼ピット３０と、底面４１を備えた四次燃焼ピット４０を形成する。三次燃焼ピット３０には、燃焼炉Ｃの底面３１の、表裏面Ｐ、Ｏ側にそれぞれ開設した吸込溝３２、３２（吸気口スリット）を形成する。また、四次燃焼ピット４０には、底面４１に開設した吸込溝４２と、燃えカスＷ１の排出、又は修理用等として役立つ蓋４３とを設ける。従って、三次燃焼ピット３０・四次燃焼ピット４０に送られた燃焼ガス、又は燃えカスＷ１は、底面３１に開設した吸込溝３２、及び／又は、底面４１に開設した吸込溝４２（吸気口スリット）より吸込んだ上昇気流と、誘引ファンＤの吸引力とにより、図４に示すように、燃焼炉Ｃの空間（三次・四次燃焼ピット３０、４０の空中）に舞い上がり燃焼する。換言すると、略完全燃焼し、燃焼機本体Ａの上部に複数本設けた煙道５０に導かれる。この煙道５０を流れる燃焼ガスと、穴１より空間Ｒに吸込んだ外気との熱交換を介して温風を生成し、この温風を、温風吹出口１２及びダクトＨを経由して、ハウス内に放出し、その暖房を図る。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 3 and 4 at the rear portion C4 of the combustion furnace C, the bottom surface 31 (one stage lower than the bottom portion C2 at one stage and / or two stages To form a third combustion pit 30 with two stages lower) and a fourth combustion pit 40 with a bottom surface 41. In the tertiary combustion pit 30, suction grooves 32, 32 (intake port slits) opened respectively on the front and back surfaces P, O side of the bottom surface 31 of the combustion furnace C are formed. In addition, the fourth combustion pit 40 is provided with a suction groove 42 opened on the bottom surface 41 and a lid 43 useful for discharging the burnt residue W1, or for repair. Therefore, the combustion gas or burnt W1 sent to the third combustion pit 30 and the fourth combustion pit 40 has the suction groove 32 opened on the bottom surface 31 and / or the suction groove 42 opened on the bottom surface 41 (intake slit 4.) As shown in FIG. 4, the air is taken up into the space of the combustion furnace C (the air in the tertiary / quaternary combustion pits 30 and 40) and burns up, as shown in FIG. In other words, the gas is almost completely burned and is guided to the plurality of flues 50 provided in the upper portion of the combustor body A. A hot air is generated through heat exchange between the combustion gas flowing through the flue 50 and the outside air sucked into the space R from the hole 1, and this hot air is transmitted through the hot air outlet 12 and the duct H to the house It releases into the interior and heats it up.
誘引ファンＤは、燃焼機本体Ａの裏面Ｏ側（一例である）で配管５２を介して集塵機Ｅに接続されており、燃焼炉Ｃの燃焼ガス、及び／又は、燃えカスＷ１は集塵機Ｅを通して吸引する。この吸引量と、燃焼ファン６の押出し量、及び燃焼炉Ｃに存在する木質ペレットＷの量との関係で、燃焼炉Ｃの負圧調整を図る。また、誘引ファンＤに接続した配管５２に接続された集塵機Ｅで遠心分離した燃えカスＷ１から燃え尽きた灰（燃えカス、即ち、微粒子）を分離した後、美麗な空気を煙突Ｉより放散する。 The induction fan D is connected to the dust collector E via the pipe 52 on the back surface O side (as an example) of the combustion machine main body A, and the combustion gas of the combustion furnace C and / or the waste W1 passes through the dust collector E Suction. The negative pressure of the combustion furnace C is adjusted based on the relationship between the suction amount, the extrusion amount of the combustion fan 6, and the amount of wood pellets W present in the combustion furnace C. Further, after burning ash (burned debris, that is, fine particles) is separated from the burnt residue W1 centrifuged by the dust collector E connected to the pipe 52 connected to the induction fan D, beautiful air is diffused from the chimney I.
搬送機構Ｆは、図１〜図１−２に記したように、木質ペレットＷを定量供給することを目的とし、木質ペレットＷを収容したタンクＧに接続した第一スクリューコンベア６０と、そのモータ６１と、センサを備えたサイロ６２、及び第二スクリューコンベア６３と、そのモータ６４と、並びに木質ペレットＷのシュータ６５（投入管）とで構成されている。従って、タンクＧの底部に溜まった木質ペレットＷは、第一スクリューコンベア６０の駆動で、サイロ６２に送られるとともに、付設したセンサの働きで、定量貯留される。その後、燃焼機本体Ａの表面Ｐに設けた制御盤Ｊ（制御機構）の指令があった際に、第二スクリューコンベア６３が駆動して、サイロ６２の木質ペレットＷを、ペレット投入シュータ６５を介して、燃焼筒体３に供給する。 The transport mechanism F has a first screw conveyor 60 connected to a tank G containing the wood pellets W for the purpose of quantitatively supplying the wood pellets W as described in FIGS. A sensor 61, a silo 62 equipped with a sensor, a second screw conveyor 63, a motor 64 of the second screw conveyor 63, and a shooter 65 (input pipe) of wood pellets W are provided. Therefore, the wood pellets W collected at the bottom of the tank G are sent to the silo 62 by the drive of the first screw conveyor 60 and are quantitatively stored by the function of the attached sensor. Thereafter, when there is a command from a control panel J (control mechanism) provided on the surface P of the combustor main body A, the second screw conveyor 63 is driven, and the wood pellet W of the silo 62 is replaced with the pellet charging shooter 65. To supply to the combustion cylinder 3.
制御盤Ｊは、その他の働きとして、少なくとも、木質ペレットＷの投入量とか、モータ６４と、点火バーナ４と、燃焼ファン６、及び誘引ファンＤの働きを、コントロールすることで、燃焼炉Ｃ内の負圧調整（負圧状態維持）を図り、完全燃焼、及び／又は、燃焼効率の確保、又は供給前の木質ペレットＷのバックファイア（逆火）防止等を図る。燃焼炉Ｃの運転と、点火バーナ４、燃焼ファン６、及び誘引ファンＤ等の操作、調整等を図る。 The control panel J controls the functions of at least the input amount of wood pellet W, the motor 64, the ignition burner 4, the combustion fan 6, and the induction fan D as other functions, thereby the inside of the combustion furnace C. The negative pressure adjustment (negative pressure state maintenance) is performed to ensure complete combustion and / or securement of combustion efficiency or backfire prevention of wood pellets W before supply. The operation of the combustion furnace C, and the operation, adjustment, etc. of the ignition burner 4, the combustion fan 6, the induction fan D, etc. are planned.
次に、本発明の燃焼と風（空気）、燃焼ガス等の流れ、動き等の好ましい一例を説明すると、制御盤Ｊのスイッチをオンする。第一スクリューコンベア６０により、サイロ６２に貯留されている木質ペレットＷが、第二スクリューコンベア６３が動いて、ペレット投入シュータ６５より一次燃焼筒体３に送られるとともに、点火バーナ４からの炎で、木質ペレットＷに着火し、燃焼を始める。これに同期して、誘引ファンＤ・燃焼ファン６が機能して、燃焼炉Ｃ内を負圧状態とするとともに、燃焼ファン６の押込力と、誘引ファンＤの燃焼炉Ｃ内の空気（燃焼ガスと燃えカスＷ１等）、又は場合により、吸込溝３２、４２からの外気を強力に引張する（引込む）力により、燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１から送出側Ｙ１に向かって、火炎・火炎ガス（燃焼ガス）の流れを形成する。燃焼ファン６の風（風量調節）は、ダンパ１０を調整し、分岐通路（通路９ａ、９ｂ）を流れる空気量を、バランス調整して決定する。即ち、木質ペレットＷの一次燃焼に必要とする火格子１１の下からの空気量と、ロストル１６（二次燃焼ピット２０）に必要な空気量を、決定して、最適な燃焼状態にする。図１の如く、このロストル１６の吹出スリット１７（吹出溝）からの吹出し風と、燃焼炉Ｃ内の負圧状態（マイナス圧）と、燃焼ファン６による空気の押込みとで、ロストル１６と底部Ｃ２との高い位置の入口側Ｘ１から、ロストル１６と底部Ｃ２との低い位置の送出側Ｙ１に向かって、順次、燃焼炉Ｃの本体部Ｃ１に向かって吹出すことで、供給された木質ペレットＷを燃焼しつつ、燃焼木質ペレットＷの搬送、並びに燃焼ガスと燃えカスＷ１とを、スムーズに、かつ燃焼炉Ｃの入口側Ｘ１から送出側Ｙ１に向かって押込む構造である（ロストル１６の傾斜設置と、吹出スリット１７からの風、及び送出側Ｙ１に向かって収れんされた構造、並びに内底板１６ｂと側面１６ｃでなる樋形状とで、前述の如く、送出す構造である）。 Next, a preferred example of combustion, wind (air), flow of combustion gas, etc., movement of the present invention will be described. The switch of the control panel J is turned on. The wood pellet W stored in the silo 62 is sent by the first screw conveyor 60 to the primary combustion cylinder 3 from the pellet charging shooter 65 as the second screw conveyor 63 is moved, and the flame from the ignition burner 4 The wood pellet W is ignited and starts to burn. In synchronization with this, the induction fan D and the combustion fan 6 function to bring the inside of the combustion furnace C into a negative pressure state, and also the pushing force of the combustion fan 6 and the air in the combustion furnace C of the induction fan D (combustion Flame and flame gas from the inlet side X1 to the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C by the force that strongly pulls (retracts) the air from the suction grooves 32 and 42 or the gas from the suction grooves 32, 42 if necessary. (Combustion gas) flow is formed. The wind (air volume adjustment) of the combustion fan 6 is determined by adjusting the damper 10 and adjusting the balance of the amount of air flowing through the branch passages (passages 9a and 9b). That is, the amount of air from below the grate 11 required for the primary combustion of the wood pellets W and the amount of air required for the rooster 16 (secondary combustion pit 20) are determined to obtain an optimal combustion state. As shown in FIG. 1, the blowout air from the blowout slit 17 (blowing groove) of this rooster 16, the negative pressure state (minus pressure) in the combustion furnace C, and the pushing of air by the combustion fan 6 The wood pellets supplied by being blown out sequentially toward the main body C1 of the combustion furnace C from the inlet side X1 at a high position with C2 toward the delivery side Y1 at a low position between the rooster 16 and the bottom C2. It is a structure that transports the burning wood pellet W and pushes the combustion gas and the waste W1 smoothly from the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C toward the delivery side Y1 while burning W (Rostor 16 (It is a structure for sending out as described above, with the inclined installation, the wind from the blowout slit 17 and the structure converged toward the sending side Y1, and the bowl shape formed by the inner bottom plate 16b and the side face 16c).
そして、この吹出された燃焼ガスと燃えカスＷ１を、三次燃焼ピット３０に向かって、燃焼炉Ｃの本体部Ｃ１内を乱舞するように送り込む（吹き飛ばすように送り込む）とともに、この三次燃焼ピット３０の数箇所の吸込溝３２からの外気を介して、この三次燃焼ピット３０において、図４の如く、乱舞し、完全燃焼を達成する（三次燃焼ピット３０内に溜まった木質ペレットＷの燃えカスＷ１を舞い上がらせ、さらに燃焼を促進する）。この乱舞は、四次燃焼ピット４０を三次燃焼ピット３０より一段低くしたことと、後側（入口側Ｘ１）に吸込溝４２を設けたことと相俟って、図４に示したような流れとなり、確実に達成できると考えられる。また、本発明の製造工場での実施において確認されている。 Then, the blown-out combustion gas and burnt residue W1 are sent toward the tertiary combustion pit 30 so as to fluctuate in the main body C1 of the combustion furnace C (injected so as to be blown off), and the tertiary combustion pit 30 In the tertiary combustion pit 30 through the outside air from several suction grooves 32, the turbulence as shown in FIG. 4 is achieved and complete combustion is achieved (the burned residue W1 of the wood pellets W accumulated in the tertiary combustion pit 30 is obtained). Make them fly and further promote combustion). This turbulence is caused by the fact that the quaternary combustion pit 40 is made one step lower than the tertiary combustion pit 30 and that the suction groove 42 is provided on the rear side (inlet side X1), as shown in FIG. It is believed that this can be achieved with certainty. Also, it has been confirmed in the implementation of the present invention in a manufacturing plant.
また、四次燃焼ピット４０は三次燃焼ピット３０と同じ高さでもよい。 Also, the fourth combustion pit 40 may have the same height as the third combustion pit 30.
その後、燃焼ガスは、多数本の煙道５０に吸引される（流れる）。この煙道５０と燃焼炉Ｃを取り巻く空間Ｒに存在する空気との熱交換で、温風が生成される。この温風は温風吹出口１２とダクトＨを介してハウス内に拡散される。 Thereafter, the combustion gas is drawn (flowed) into the multiple flues 50. Heat exchange between the flue 50 and the air present in the space R surrounding the combustion furnace C generates warm air. The warm air is diffused into the house through the warm air outlet 12 and the duct H.
そして、燃焼ガスと燃えカスＷ１及び燃えカスＷ１が燃え尽きてできた燃えカス、又は灰は、燃焼炉Ｃに設けた燃焼ガス吹出口５３を介して集塵機Ｅに導き、例えば、遠心分離で、燃えカス等と清澄な燃焼空気に分離し、燃焼灰を集塵機により所定の箱部に蓄積させ、清澄な燃焼空気を煙突Ｉより空気中に拡散する。 Then, the combustion gas, the combustion residue W1, and the combustion residue or ash produced by burning the combustion residue W1 are led to the dust collector E through the combustion gas outlet 53 provided in the combustion furnace C. The combustion ash is separated by the dust collector into a predetermined box portion, and the clean combustion air is diffused from the stack I into the air.
尚、四次燃焼ピット４０を設けること、及び／又は、四次燃焼ピット４０を、三次燃焼ピット３０より一段低く構成することで、図４示した吸込み風の流れと、この風の衝突等が発生し、燃焼ガスと燃焼灰等を舞い上がらせるに十分な旋回流と上昇流が発生するものと考えられる（図４照）。 Incidentally, by providing the fourth combustion pit 40 and / or configuring the fourth combustion pit 40 one step lower than the third combustion pit 30, the flow of the suction air shown in FIG. It is considered that a swirl flow and an upflow sufficient to cause the combustion gas and combustion ash to rise are generated (see FIG. 4).
次に、図５の（イ）〜（ト）のペレット燃焼タイムチャートを示したフローチャートを基に、燃焼の基本的な工程と、その時間配分とを説明すると、例えば、この実施例では、（イ）に示した工程表において、１〜５の工程が、ワンパターンであり、暖房中は、順次、繰り返される。そして、（ロ）に示した燃料工程表の如く、木質ペレットＷの燃焼出力に要する、各時間が設定されている。その結果として、（ハ）は、ペレット投入量のフローチャートであり、前記１において、モータの回転数を６０Ｈｚという投入量で短時間一気に投入した後に、点火を容易にするために、点火バーナ４の着火を、２の如く、モータの回転数を４Ｈｚで、木質ペレットＷを、最小の投入量とする（少量ずつ送る）。その後、順次、３の如く、木質ペレットＷの燃焼が向上し、４の如く、モータの回転数を３０Ｈｚの投入量で高燃焼領域に達する。例えば、１０万ｋｃａｌ投入し、５に示したポストパージへと到る。また、（ホ）は、誘引ファンＤの動作のタイミングのフローチャートであり、誘引ファンＤの働きで、燃焼炉Ｃ内の圧力調整を図るが、１〜５のフローチャートとなる。このワンパターンは、暖房中においては、順次、繰り返される。そして、この（ホ）に示したフローチャートの如く、誘引ファンＤのモータの回転数（吸込力）を調整する。その結果として、前記１の如く、モータの回転数を６０Ｈｚで短時間に一気に誘引ファンＤを働かせて、燃焼炉Ｃの燃焼ガス、空気を吸い込むとともに、木質ペレットＷの燃焼と、点火を容易にするために、２の如く、モータの回転数を３０Ｈｚで待つ（木質ペレットＷを、切らさずに少量ずつ送る）。その後、順次、３の様に、木質ペレットＷの燃焼の向上に併せて、４の高燃焼到達領域で示す如く、誘引ファンＤのモータの回転数を５５Ｈｚから６０Ｈｚに維持しつつ、望ましくは、静圧（負圧）を−２０ｍｍＨ２О程度にキープしながら（バックファイアの回避）、高燃焼領域に達する。例えば、二次燃焼を確保する。そして、５の如く、モータの回転数を６０Ｈｚに維持して、ポストパージへと到る。さらに、また、（ヘ）は、燃焼ファン６の動作のタイミングのフローチャートであり、燃焼ファン６の働きで、燃焼炉Ｃ内の圧力調整を図るが、１〜５のフローチャートとなる。このワンパターンは、暖房中においては、順次、繰り返される。そして、この（ヘ）に示したフローチャートの如く、燃焼ファン６のモータの回転数を調整する。その結果として、前記１の如く、モータの回転数を６０Ｈｚで短時間に一気に燃焼ファン６を働かせて、燃焼炉Ｃの燃焼ガス、空気を送出すとともに、木質ペレットＷの燃焼と、点火を容易にするために、２の如く、モータの回転数を１０Ｈｚで待つ（木質ペレットＷを、最小の投入量とするため、少量ずつ送る）。その後、順次、３の様に、木質ペレットＷの燃焼の向上に併せて、４の高燃焼到達領域で示す如く、燃焼ファン６のモータの回転数を４０Ｈｚから５０Ｈｚに維持しつつ、望ましくは、静圧を−２０ｍｍＨ２О程度にキープしながら、高燃焼領域に達する。例えば、二次燃焼を確保する。そして、５の如く、モータの回転数を６０Ｈｚに維持して、ポストパージへと到る。そして、肝要なことは、（ト）に示したフローチャートの如く、点火バーナ４のファン（符号なし）は、燃焼中は、オフにし、木質ペレットＷの冷えを防止しつつ、かつ燃えカスＷ１、及び／又は、灰の発生量の軽減化を図る。また、ポートパージ時に、ファンをオンとする。尚、二次燃焼は、モータの回転数を６０Ｈｚ内に留めることが、肝要である。 Next, the basic steps of combustion and the time distribution thereof will be described based on the flowchart showing the pellet combustion time charts of (i) to (g) of FIG. 5, for example, in this embodiment In the process chart shown in a), the processes 1 to 5 are one pattern, and are repeated sequentially during heating. Each time required for the combustion output of the wood pellets W is set as shown in the fuel process chart shown in FIG. As a result, (c) is a flow chart of the pellet charging amount. In the above 1, in order to facilitate ignition after the motor rotation speed is quickly charged at a charging rate of 60 Hz, As for ignition, the number of rotations of the motor is 4 Hz as in 2, and the wood pellets W are set to the minimum input amount (send in small amounts). After that, the combustion of the wood pellet W is improved sequentially as shown in 3, and as shown in 4, the rotational speed of the motor reaches the high combustion area with the input amount of 30 Hz. For example, after 100,000 kcal injection, the post purge shown in 5 is reached. (E) is a flow chart of the timing of the operation of the induction fan D, and the pressure adjustment in the combustion furnace C is attempted by the function of the induction fan D, but it is a flow chart of 1-5. This one pattern is sequentially repeated during heating. And the rotation speed (suction force) of the motor of the induction fan D is adjusted like the flowchart shown to this (e). As a result, as described in 1 above, the induction fan D works at a stroke in a short time at a motor rotation speed of 60 Hz, and the combustion gas and air of the combustion furnace C are sucked, and the wood pellets W are easily burned and ignited. In order to do this, the motor waits at 30 Hz as in 2 (wood pellets W are fed in small portions without being cut). After that, as shown in 3 in conjunction with the improvement of the combustion of the wood pellet W, while maintaining the rotational speed of the motor of the induction fan D from 55 Hz to 60 Hz, as shown by the high combustion arrival area of 4, preferably, While maintaining the static pressure (negative pressure) at about -20 mmH2O (avoidance of backfire), the high combustion region is reached. For example, secondary combustion is ensured. Then, as in 5, the number of revolutions of the motor is maintained at 60 Hz to reach the post purge. Furthermore, (f) is a flow chart of the operation timing of the combustion fan 6, and the pressure adjustment in the combustion furnace C is attempted by the function of the combustion fan 6, but it is a flow chart of 1-5. This one pattern is sequentially repeated during heating. Then, the rotational speed of the motor of the combustion fan 6 is adjusted as shown in the flow chart (f). As a result, as described in 1 above, the combustion fan 6 is operated in a short period of time at a motor rotation speed of 60 Hz to send the combustion gas and air of the combustion furnace C, and the wood pellet W is easily burned and ignited. Wait at 10 Hz for the number of revolutions of the motor as shown in 2 (send the wood pellets W little by little in order to achieve the minimum loading). After that, as shown in 3, as the combustion of the wood pellets W is improved, the motor speed of the combustion fan 6 is maintained from 40 Hz to 50 Hz, as shown in the high combustion arrival region of 4, preferably, The high combustion area is reached while keeping the static pressure at about -20 mmH2O. For example, secondary combustion is ensured. Then, as in 5, the number of revolutions of the motor is maintained at 60 Hz to reach the post purge. What is important is that, as shown in the flowchart shown in (g), the fan (not indicated) of the ignition burner 4 is turned off during the combustion to prevent the wood pellets W from being cooled, and the burning residue W1, And / or reduce the amount of ash generated. Also, turn on the fan during port purge. In the secondary combustion, it is important to keep the rotational speed of the motor within 60 Hz.
尚、図６は、灰軽減とクリンカ対策の運転状況を示したフローチャートであり、例えば、この実施例では、（イ）は、高燃焼時において、長時間燃焼による灰とクリンカ発生状況を示したグラフであり、例えば、木質ペレットＷの投入を行う、モータの回転数を３０Ｈｚとし、誘引ファンＤのモータの回転数を、６０Ｈｚで、かつ燃焼ファン６のモータの回転数を、５０Ｈｚとした条件下では、燃焼時間を長時間、例えば、１時間以上とした実験例では、燃焼炉Ｃが高温となり、クリンカの発生率が高く、かつその量も多くなる傾向である。（ロ）は、この実験例を基にして、燃焼時間を６０分とした例では、燃焼炉Ｃが高温とならず、クリンカの発生率が低く、かつその量も極めて少なくなることが判明した。以上の考えを基に、（ハ）は、本発明が目的とする、暖房機の効率的な暖房を、ハウスの容積との関係を考慮して設定し、理想の燃焼サイクルを確保するために必要とする状況を示したフローチャートであり、燃焼サイクルは、例えば、燃焼が４５分以内で、ポストパージが１５分とし、燃焼停止時間が１０分以上のパターンが、繰り返されることが良いとの結論に達した。 FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation status of ash mitigation and clinker countermeasures. For example, in this embodiment, (a) shows the ash and clinker generation status due to long-time combustion during high combustion. It is a graph, for example, a condition in which the wood pellet W is charged, the motor speed is 30 Hz, the motor speed of the induction fan D is 60 Hz, and the motor speed of the combustion fan 6 is 50 Hz. Below, in the experimental example which made combustion time a long time, for example, 1 hour or more, the combustion furnace C becomes high temperature, the generation rate of a clinker tends to be high, and its quantity also increases. (B) Based on this experimental example, it was found that in the example in which the combustion time was 60 minutes, the combustion furnace C did not reach a high temperature, the clinker generation rate was low, and the amount thereof was extremely small. . Based on the above idea, (c) is to set the efficient heating of the heater, which is the object of the present invention, in consideration of the relationship with the volume of the house, and to ensure an ideal combustion cycle It is a flowchart showing the required situation, and the combustion cycle is, for example, a conclusion that it is good that a pattern with combustion within 15 minutes, post purge 15 minutes, and combustion stop time 10 minutes or more is repeated. Reached.
前述した各構造は、本発明の好ましい一例の説明である。従って、本発明は上述した各実施例に限定されるものではなく、発明の趣旨の範囲において構成の一部を変更する構造とか、同じ特徴と効果を達成できる構造、等は、本発明の範疇である。 Each structure described above is a description of a preferred example of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and structures that change a part of the configuration within the scope of the invention, structures that can achieve the same features and effects, and the like are within the scope of the present invention. It is.
Ａ 燃焼機本体
Ａ１ 内面
１ 穴
２ ファン
Ｘ 前面
Ｙ 後面
Ｚ 天板面
Ｏ 裏面
Ｐ 表面
Ｒ 空間
Ｂ 燃焼筒体
３ 燃焼筒体
３−１ 入口
３−２ 内部
３−３ 通路
３００ 傾斜山部
３００ａ 頂点
３００ｂ 傾斜面
３００ｃ 窪み
３ａ 開閉扉
３ａ−１ 当接開口壁面
４ 点火バーナ
６ 燃焼ファン
７ 投入シュータ
８ チャンバー
９ａ 通路
９ｂ 通路
９ｃ 通路
１０ ダンパ
１１ 火格子
１１ａ 入口
１１ｂ 内部
１２ 温風吹出口
Ｂ１ 制御手段
Ｃ 燃焼炉
Ｃ１ 本体部
Ｃ２ 底部
Ｃ３ 前部
Ｃ４ 後部
１２ 温風吹出口
１６ ロストル
１６ａ 外郭底板
１６ｂ 内底板
１６ｃ 側面
１６ｄ 取付部
１７ 吹出スリット
１７ａ 第一の吹出スリット
１７ｂ 第二の吹出スリット
１７ｎ 第ｎの吹出スリット
Ｘ１ 入口側
Ｙ１ 送出側
Ｚ１ 外周上側
Ｏ１ 外周裏側
Ｐ１ 外周表側
Ｑ１ 入口側
Ｒ１ 送出側
２０ 二次燃焼ピット
３０ 三次燃焼ピット
３１ 底面
３２ 吸込溝
４０ 四次燃焼ピット
４１ 底面
４２ 吸込溝
４３ 蓋
Ｄ 誘引ファン
５０ 煙道
５２ 配管
５３ 燃焼ガス吹出口
Ｅ 集塵機
Ｆ 搬送機構
６０ 第一スクリューコンベア
６１ モータ
６２ サイロ
６３ 第二スクリューコンベア
６４ モータ
６５ シュータ
Ｇ タンク
Ｈ ダクト
Ｉ 煙突
Ｊ 制御盤
Ｋ 熱交換パイプ
Ｗ 木質ペレット
Ｗ０ ガラス塊
Ｗ１ 燃えカス
A Combustor body A1 Inner surface 1 hole 2 Fan X Front surface Y Rear surface Z Top plate surface O Back surface P Surface R Space B Combustion cylinder 3 Combustion cylinder 3-1 Inlet 3-2 Internal 3-3 Passage 300 Inclined mountain part 300a Apex 300b inclined surface 300c depression 3a door 3a-1 contact opening wall 4 ignition burner 6 combustion fan 7 injection chute 8 chamber 9a passage 9b passage 9c passage 10 damper 11 grate 11a inlet 11b inside 12 hot air outlet B1 control means C combustion Furnace C1 Body C2 Bottom C3 Front C4 Rear 12 Warm air outlet 16 Rooster 16a Outer bottom plate 16b Inner bottom plate 16c Side 16d Mounting portion 17 Blow slit 17a First blow slit 17b Second blow slit 17n n blow slit X1 Inlet side Y1 Outlet side Z1 Outer circumference upper side O1 Outer circumference back side P1 Outer surface side Q1 Inlet side R1 Delivery side 20 Secondary combustion pit 30 Tertiary combustion pit 31 Bottom 32 Suction groove 40 Quaternary combustion pit 41 Bottom 42 Suction groove 43 Cover D Induction fan 50 Flue 52 Piping 53 Combustion gas outlet E Dust collector F Transport mechanism 60 First screw conveyor 61 Motor 62 Silo 63 Second screw conveyor 64 Motor 65 Shutter G Tank H Duct I Chimney J Control panel K Heat exchange pipe W Wood pellet W0 Glass lump W1 Burning residue
Claims (3)
前記投入管からのペレットの投入を、前記燃焼筒体に短時間に行い、その後、ペレットの投入を、一時的に、止めるか、又は僅少とするとともに、この燃焼機本体に設けた誘引ファン、及び当該燃焼筒体に設けた燃焼ファンを稼働した状態で、点火バーナをオンし、その後、前記ペレットを前記燃焼筒体に供給し、前記燃焼機本体を連続運転しつつ、前記誘引ファン、及び前記燃焼ファンを稼働するとともに、この燃焼機本体を負圧に維持しながら、高温燃焼し、ポストパージに入ると、前記ペレットの投入を停止するが、前記誘引ファン、及び前記燃焼ファンの稼働を維持して、所定時間、二次燃焼を継続する燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法において、
前記燃焼炉より吹出された燃焼ガスと燃えカスを、前記三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットに向かって、前記燃焼炉の本体部内を乱舞するように送り込む（吹き飛ばすように送り込む）とともに、前記三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットの数箇所の吸込溝からの外気を介して、当該三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットにおいて、乱舞させ、完全燃焼を達成するために、この三次燃焼用の燃焼ピット内に溜まった木質ペレットの燃えカスを舞い上がらせ、さらに燃焼を促進し、前記乱舞のために、前記四次燃焼用の燃焼ピットを前記三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットより一段低くしたことと、後側（入口側）に前記吸込溝を設け、前記後側より吸込み風を送る構成とした燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法。 An ignition burner and a combustion fan, and a combustion cylinder for primary combustion provided with a wood pellet charging pipe, a combustion furnace for secondary combustion continuously connected to the combustion cylinder, and a third order on the delivery side of the combustion furnace and burning pit for combustion, met combustion machine body made of a burning pit for four primary combustion,
The introduction of pellets from the introduction pipe is performed on the combustion cylinder in a short time, and then the introduction of the pellets is temporarily stopped or reduced, and an induction fan provided in the main body of the combustion machine, And while the combustion fan provided in the combustion cylinder is in operation, the ignition burner is turned on, and then the pellet is supplied to the combustion cylinder, while the combustor body is continuously operated, and the induction fan, and While operating the combustion fan and maintaining the combustion body at a negative pressure, high temperature combustion is performed, and when the post purge is performed, the introduction of the pellets is stopped, but the induction fan and the combustion fan are operated. In the treatment of clinker and clinker countermeasures for burning residue and ash of a combustion furnace that maintains and continues secondary combustion for a predetermined time ,
The combustion gas and the burnt that are blown out from the combustion furnace are sent to the combustion pits for the third combustion so as to disperse in the main body of the combustion furnace so as to be scattered (blown away), and for the third combustion In the combustion pit for the third combustion through the external air from the suction grooves of several places of the combustion pit, the wood pellet accumulated in the combustion pit for the third combustion burns in a turbulent manner to achieve complete combustion. The scum is thrown up, the combustion is further promoted, and the combustion pit for the fourth combustion is made one step lower than the combustion pit for the third combustion for the random dance, and the suction groove on the rear side (inlet side) And a clinker countermeasure and a method for treating ash and ash in a combustion furnace configured to send suction air from the rear side .
前記投入管からのペレットの投入は、モータ回転数を５０〜６０Ｈｚで、前記燃焼筒体に短時間に行い、その後、ペレットの投入を、一時的に、止めるか、又は僅少とするとともに、前記燃焼機本体に設けた誘引ファンのモータ回転数を５０〜６０Ｈｚで、この燃焼筒体に設けた燃焼ファンのモータ回転数を４０〜６０Ｈｚで維持した状態で、点火バーナをオンし、その後、前記ペレットの投入は、モータ回転数を３０〜４０Ｈｚの間の一定値まで徐々に増やしながら当該燃焼筒体に供給し、前記燃焼機本体を連続運転しつつ、前記誘引ファンのモータ回転数を５５Ｈｚ〜６０Ｈｚに、前記燃焼ファンのモータ回転数を４０Ｈｚ〜５０Ｈｚに維持するとともに、当該燃焼機本体を負圧−２０〜３０ｍｍＨ２Оとし、高温燃焼し、ポストパージに入ると、このペレットの投入を停止するが、前記誘引ファンのモータ回転数を５５Ｈｚ〜６０Ｈｚに、前記燃焼ファンのモータ回転数を３０〜６０Ｈｚに維持して、所定時間、二次燃焼を継続する燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法において、
前記燃焼炉より吹出された燃焼ガスと燃えカスを、前記三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットに向かって、前記燃焼炉の本体部内を乱舞するように送り込む（吹き飛ばすように送り込む）とともに、前記三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットの数箇所の吸込溝からの外気を介して、当該三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットにおいて、乱舞させ、完全燃焼を達成するために、この三次燃焼用の燃焼ピット内に溜まった木質ペレットの燃えカスを舞い上がらせ、さらに燃焼を促進し、前記乱舞のために、前記四次燃焼用の燃焼ピットを前記三次燃焼用の燃焼ピットより一段低くしたことと、後側（入口側）に前記吸込溝を設け、前記後側より吸込み風を送る構成とし、かつ前記燃焼ガスと前記燃えカスを舞い上がらせるに十分な旋回流と上昇流を発生する構成とした燃焼炉の燃えカス、及び灰の処理とクリンカ対策方法。 A combustion cylinder for primary combustion provided with an ignition burner, a combustion fan, and a wood pellet input pipe, a combustion furnace for secondary combustion connected to the combustion cylinder, and a tertiary on the delivery side of the combustion furnace and burning pit for combustion, met combustion machine body made of a burning pit for four primary combustion,
The pellets are charged from the charging pipe at a motor rotation speed of 50 to 60 Hz in a short time to the combustion cylinder, and then the pellet charging is temporarily stopped or slightly reduced. The ignition burner was turned on with the motor speed of the induction fan provided in the combustor body maintained at 50-60 Hz and the motor speed of the combustion fan provided in the combustion cylinder maintained at 40-60 Hz, and then The pellets are charged by gradually increasing the motor rotational speed to a constant value between 30 and 40 Hz while supplying the combustion cylinder body, and continuously operating the combustor main body while setting the motor speed of the induction fan to 55 Hz or higher. At 60 Hz, the motor speed of the combustion fan is maintained at 40 Hz to 50 Hz, the main body of the combustor is set to a negative pressure of -20 to 30 mmH2O, high temperature combustion is performed, and post purge Once, but stops the insertion of the pellet, the motor speed of the induction fan to 55Hz～60Hz, to maintain the motor speed of the combustion fan 30 Hz to 60 Hz, the predetermined time to continue the secondary combustion In the treatment of burnt residue and ash in the combustion furnace and clinker countermeasures ,
The combustion gas and the burnt that are blown out from the combustion furnace are sent to the combustion pits for the third combustion so as to disperse in the main body of the combustion furnace so as to be scattered (blown away), and for the third combustion In the combustion pit for the third combustion through the external air from the suction grooves of several places of the combustion pit, the wood pellet accumulated in the combustion pit for the third combustion burns in a turbulent manner to achieve complete combustion. The combustion pits are further raised, combustion is further promoted, and the combustion pit for the fourth combustion is made one step lower than the combustion pit for the third combustion because of the turbulence, and the suction groove on the rear side (inlet side) the provided, a structure for sending the incoming wind from the rear, and burning of the combustion the combustion furnace configured to generate upward flow sufficient swirling flow in the order Maiagara the cinders and gas Kas And processing and clinker countermeasures of ash.
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