JP6482932B2 - Rooster for combustion furnace of wood pellet heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a heater that is effective as a heater for a house and does not increase CO2 (carbon dioxide) because it uses renewable energy, and is a so-called wood pellet (woody biomass fuel). The present invention relates to a rooster for a heating furnace of a heater.

  In recent years, there has been a demand for a global warming problem due to greenhouse gases such as CO2, that is, reduction of CO2. In view of this, a combustion furnace using woody biomass fuel is required as a heating means for a house.

  In this main combustion furnace, after the secondary combustion, the exhaust gas is exhausted into the air, so that it is not sufficient for complete combustion, and there is scattering of combustion gas, and countermeasures are urgently needed. Also, it is a structure that can not ensure the optimal negative pressure state in the combustion furnace, for example, to send (move) combustion efficiency and combustion ash / gas from the inlet side to the sending side of the combustion furnace It is conceivable that, for example, it is not sufficient, and the supply (push) of air into the combustion furnace is insufficient, so that, for example, the combustion efficiency is reduced and combustion gas / scum rises and combustion cannot be expected.

  : In the wood pellet combustion apparatus (reference (1)) described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-198071, a nozzle for sending a large number of combustion air to the combustion bed of the combustion chamber is provided, and combustion ash is secured while ensuring combustion accuracy. This structure is intended to prevent the scattering of water.

  In the wood pellet combustion method and apparatus (reference (2)) described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-275301, the combustion bed of the combustion chamber is provided with a ceramic layer of a perforated plate, and fluidized combustion of wood pellets It is a structure for preventing scattering of combustion ash while improving combustion and fluidization of combustion ash with combustion gas to achieve complete combustion.

  : Gun type burner for burning wood pellets as described in Utility Model Registration No. 3088942 (Reference (3)). In the burner device of the combustion chamber, the outside air is ignited, partially burned and gasified in the primary combustion chamber. For this purpose, an appropriate amount is supplied from the lower part of the pellet stack, and the combustible gas blown out from the primary combustion chamber is completely burned in the combustion chamber of the thermal equipment such as the downstream weir plate and throttle plate. A structure in which secondary combustion air is blown from the downstream end of the primary combustion chamber is disclosed.

JP 2009-198071 A JP 2006-275301 A Utility Model Registration No. 3088942

In view of the above, the present invention aims to solve the conventional problems while aiming at the following.
1. ) Providing a roaster for wood pellet heater combustion furnaces, increasing combustion efficiency to eliminate burning debris, and leaving only combustion ash, reducing the number of cleanings in the furnace and treating only combustion ash The combustion state can be maintained.
2. ) A structure that blows off combustion ash / burnt residue into the tertiary pit for tertiary combustion without leaving any combustion residue in the combustion furnace by the blowout slit (blow-off port) for air provided on the bottom of the rooster for secondary combustion It is.
3. ) Burn residue is burned by the tertiary pit and the external combustion air intake slit (intake port) for tertiary combustion provided in the tertiary pit so that no burn residue remains in the combustion furnace.
4). ) Burned burnt residue becomes ash and is collected by the cyclone dust collector, so that no incineration ash remains in the roastr for the combustion furnace of the heater. Therefore, cleaning of burnt residue and ash in the combustion furnace is only once a month or unnecessary.

  The present invention is the above-described 1. ) To 4. In order to achieve the above, claims 1 to 4 are proposed.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a primary combustion pit provided with an ignition burner, a combustion fan, and a wood pellet charging cylinder, a combustion furnace for secondary combustion connected to the primary combustion pit, and a delivery side of the combustion furnace. there, at least, tertiary combustion pit burning by diffusing combustion gases and cinders in the air, and the wood pellet burning furnace comprising a quaternary combustion pit,
The combustion furnace is equipped with a rooster that is inclined downward from the inlet side toward the delivery side, and the wind from the combustion fan is supplied to the vertical direction of the rooster through the blow slit formed in multiple stages in the short direction of the rooster. It is a combustion furnace for the wood pellet heating machine that enables combustion and combustion gas and combustion debris from the combustion furnace toward the delivery side, and performs primary to quaternary combustion and tertiary combustion. In the above, by burning the combustion gas in the air, it is possible to achieve efficient combustion of the wood pellets and almost no burning residue, and to reduce the cleaning and avoid pollution without this. And it has the characteristics which can achieve promotion of combustion and improvement of combustion efficiency. Further, a quaternary combustion pit that is one step lower than the tertiary combustion pit is formed. In the quaternary combustion pit, the pellets accumulated in the tertiary combustion pit can be lifted, and combustion can be further promoted.

  The invention of claim 2 is a roaster for a combustion furnace of a wood pellet heater, wherein the rooster is configured to form both a bottom surface and both side surfaces that spread in the direction of inclination on the side surface side from both ends of the bottom surface. It is useful for achieving the purpose of No. 1 and, for that purpose, to reliably and quickly lead the combustion gas and combustion residue to the delivery side, and for the combustion combustion of the combustion gas residue in the third combustion (third combustion pit). There are features such as that.

The invention of claim 3 divides the wind from the combustion fan into two in a chamber attached to the combustion furnace, supplies the air to the combustion furnace and the rooster, two passages provided in the chamber, and a damper provided in the passage. in a combustion furnace, on the grate, a combustion furnace for grate structure as the wood pellets heater that can be supplied by dividing the slide and achieving the objects according to claim 1, for which, the air volume regulation of the combustion fan Optimum combustion state by adjusting and / or balancing the amount of air required for the combustion burner (pellet combustion burner) and the amount of air required for the rooster that controls the secondary combustion. Can be secured. In addition, the combustion fan has a feature that an optimum air amount can be achieved when a fan having a structure capable of increasing or decreasing the air flow rate is employed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the blowing slit of the rooster is formed at the joint of a large number of bottom plates, and the first bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second to nth bottom plates sequentially, The inlet side of the second bottom plate is laminated below the outlet side of the first bottom plate, and the first outlet slit (the first outlet slit (first side) is formed on the outlet side of the first bottom plate and the inlet side of the second bottom plate. Wood pellet heating comprising a second bottom plate delivery side and an nth bottom plate inlet side, and an nth front blow slit (nth front blowway). It is a roaster for a combustion furnace of a machine, and it is possible to provide an optimum structure of each bottom plate, each blowing slit, and a blowing air passage for achieving the object of claim 1. In addition, there is an actual benefit that the burning of pellets accumulated in the third combustion pit can be lifted to promote air combustion and combustion.

Schematic diagram showing the entire heater in cross section Expanded bird's-eye view of the entire device showing the state of installation in the house including the entire heating air FIG. 1B is an overhead view of the entire apparatus shown in FIG. 1-1, but is an enlarged overhead view as viewed from the opposite side (the silo side). The main part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1-2, the bird's-eye view which showed the combustion part (an ignition burner, a combustion fan, etc.) and a combustion furnace of a heater The main part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1-2, the bird's-eye view which showed the combustion part of a heater, a combustion furnace, and a flue An enlarged schematic diagram showing the concept of the combustion section and furnace of the heater FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view showing a concept of a combustion section and a combustion furnace of the heater shown in FIG. 2, but is an overhead view seen from the opposite side (silo side) In the main part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1-2, an enlarged overhead view showing the delivery side of the combustion furnace of the heater and the tertiary / quaternary combustion pits and flues on the delivery side An enlarged overhead view as seen from the delivery side showing the roast and second combustion pit extracted from FIG. An enlarged overhead view seen from the inlet side showing the rooster and second combustion pit extracted from FIG. Further enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the rooster that becomes the second combustion pit extracted from FIG. An enlarged overhead view showing the delivery side of the combustion furnace of the heater and the tertiary and quaternary combustion pits on the delivery side in the main part of the apparatus shown in FIG. A perspective view showing the tertiary and quaternary combustion pits shown in FIG. 5-1 overhead view

  1 to FIG. 1-2 showing an example of the entire apparatus of the present invention, the outline of the components (parts) is a box-shaped (an example) wood pellet combustor main body A and the main components of the combustor main body A. A combustion section B (combustion mechanism) having an ignition burner and a combustion fan connected to a combustion furnace C, which will be described later, and the combustion section B on one side (combustion furnace inlet side X1), and the other side ( Combustion furnace C installed in the lower part of the combustor main body A with the suction side Y1) of the combustion furnace closed and the upper surface (outer peripheral upper side Z1) of the combustion furnace, and the combustor main body A and the combustion furnace C An induction fan D provided in a pipe connected to one side surface (back surface O of the combustion furnace C), a dust collector E provided between the pipe and the induction fan D, and a wood pellet W (pellet) connected to the inlet side X1 And a transport mechanism F that supplies (controls) the pellet W in a fixed amount. A tank G connected to the transport mechanism F, consisting of a chimney I. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually. Note that incidental facilities such as a dust collector E and a transport mechanism F are included in the entire apparatus, but this is just an example.

  The combustor body A has a box shape as shown in FIGS. 1 to 1-3 and FIG. 4, and a front surface X that becomes the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C and a rear surface Y that becomes the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C. And the top plate surface Z that becomes the outer peripheral upper side Z1 of the combustion furnace C, the back surface O that becomes the outer peripheral back side O1 of the combustion furnace C, and the surface P that becomes the outer peripheral front side P1 of the combustion furnace C. The top plate surface Z includes an air suction hole 1 and a fan 2 immediately above the hole 1. Accordingly, the rotation of the fan 2 allows the outside air to be fed into the space R (the upper portion of the combustion furnace C) formed by the inner surface A1 of the combustor body A and the outer peripheral upper side Z1 of the combustion furnace C through the hole 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 1-3, the combustion section B has a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical primary combustion pit 3 projecting from the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C, and the primary combustion pit 3 And an ignition burner 4 attached thereto, a combustion fan 6 (push-in fan), and a pellet charging cylinder portion 7 having an inlet connected to the upper surface and projecting from the upper surface. Therefore, after the pellet W is supplied from the pellet charging cylinder portion 7 to the grate 11, it is burned by the action of the ignition burner 4. Note that the air volume of the combustion fan 6 may be adjusted by the control means B1. This is for adjusting the combustion efficiency and negative pressure. The control unit B1 regulates the chamber 8 connected to the combustion fan 6 provided under the primary combustion pit 3, the branched passages 9a and 9b provided in the chamber 8, and the amount of intake air passing through the passages 9a and 9b. And the damper 10 to be configured. This passage 9a is connected to the temporary combustion pit 3, and the other passage 9b is connected to the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1, by the switching control of the damper 10, as shown in FIG. ) To control the air volume. A grate 11 is provided in the primary combustion pit 3.

  As shown in the drawings, the front part C3 of the combustion furnace C is cylindrical (as an example) as a whole, and the structure of the outer peripheral surface thereof is the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C and the combustion furnace C. Of the combustion furnace C, the outer peripheral back side O1 of the combustion furnace C, and the outer peripheral front side P1 of the combustion furnace C. And in the main-body part C1 of the combustion furnace C, the primary combustion pit 3 and the warm air blower outlet 12 are provided in the inlet side X1, and the duct H is attached to the warm air blower outlet 12. FIG. Moreover, the structure of the inner peripheral surface has a bowl shape in a transverse section (cross section in the short direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) installed in a low slope shape from the inlet side X1 toward the longitudinal direction of the delivery side Y1. A rooster 16 which will be described later, a blow slit 17 which is opened laterally in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface 16a of the rooster 16 and a side surface 16b which is the flow direction (synonymous with the longitudinal direction) of the bottom surface 16a. (Weir) and the inlet side Q1 of the rooster 16 are configured to extend to the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C and to a mounting portion 16c installed on the lower surface of the grate 11 on the opening side. On the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C, the outlet of the primary combustion pit 3 is provided. Moreover, the sending side R1 of the rooster 16 is connected to the upper surface of the room of the tertiary combustion pit 30 described later. In the present invention, the pellet W or the combustion gas, etc., which has been burned or is in combustion, floating in at least the space between the bottom surface 16a and the main body C1 of the combustion furnace C of the rooster 16 is pushed by the combustion fan 6 and is sent to the sending side Y1. It is transported toward. The main component is the wind (blowing air) from the blowing slit 17 of the rooster 16. This wind has a function of pressing the burned and in-combusted pellets W or the combustion gas, etc., transporting the surface thereof toward the delivery side Y1, and a function of floating the pellets W or the combustion gas in the space. As a result, complete combustion and efficient combustion are ensured.

  The preferred configuration of the rooster 16 will be described. The bottom 16a is formed of a bottom surface 16a and both side surfaces 16b and 16b that are oppositely widened in an inclined direction from both ends of the bottom surface 16a. And this bottom face 16a forms the 1st blowing slit 17 in the joint of many sheets of the baseplates 16a1. In this example, the first bottom plate 16a1-a is provided with a plurality of second bottom plates 16a1-b to nth bottom plates 16a1-n sequentially, and the delivery side R1 of the first bottom plate 16a1-a. The inlet side Q1 of the second bottom plate 16a1-b is stacked below the second bottom plate 16a1-a, and the second bottom plate 16a1-a has an inclination angle on the sending side R1 (set as a downward inclination angle). The inclination angle of the inlet side Q1 of the bottom plate 16a1-b is reduced (bent to the bottom C2 of the combustion furnace C) to form the first blowing slit 17, that is, the first blowing air passage 17a, and the first The delivery side R1 of the second bottom plate 16a1-b1 and the entrance side Q1 of the nth bottom plate 16a1-n constitute the nth front blowing slit 17, that is, the nth front blowing air passage 17a. From the blown air passages 17a of the blowout slits 17, the pellets W, which have been burned and burned in the space, and the combustion gas, etc., floated in the space by the blown wind and the soot-shaped space band surrounded by the side plates 16b. Is transferred toward the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C by at least the synergistic effect of the pushing force and the soot shape. Further, floating in the space and / or the third combustion pit 30 is guaranteed.

  In the rear part C4 of the combustion furnace C, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5, the delivery side Y1 has a bottom surface 31 that is one step lower and / or two steps lower than the bottom C2. A secondary combustion pit 30 having a bottom surface 41 and a tertiary combustion pit 40 having a bottom surface 41 are formed. In the tertiary combustion pit 30, suction grooves 32 and 32 (inlet slits) opened in the front and back surfaces P and O of the bottom surface 31 of the combustion furnace C are formed. Further, the quaternary combustion pit 40 is provided with a suction groove 42 opened on the bottom surface 41 and a lid 43 that is useful for discharging burned debris or for repairing. Accordingly, the combustion gas or burnt gas sent to the tertiary / quaternary combustion pits 30, 40 is from the suction groove 32 opened on the bottom surface 31 and / or the suction groove 42 (inlet slit) opened on the bottom surface 41. As shown in FIG. 4, the ascending air flow sucked in and the suction force of the induction fan D soar into the space of the combustion furnace C (the third and fourth combustion pits 30 and 40 in the air) and burn. In other words, it is almost completely burned and led to the flue 50 provided in the upper part of the combustor main body A. Hot air is generated through heat exchange between the combustion gas flowing through the flue 50 and the outside air sucked into the space R from the hole 1, and this hot air is passed through the hot air outlet 10 and the duct H to the house. It releases into the interior and heats it up.

  The induction fan D is connected to the dust collector E via a pipe 52 on the back surface O side (an example) of the combustor main body A, and sucks the combustion gas and / or combustion debris of the combustion furnace C through the dust collector E. To do. The negative pressure of the combustion furnace C is adjusted based on the relationship between the suction amount, the push-out amount of the combustion fan 6 and the amount of pellets W present in the combustion furnace C. In addition, after separating the burnt debris (fine particles) centrifuged by the dust collector E connected to the piping 52 connected to the induction fan D, beautiful air is diffused from the chimney I.

  The conveyance mechanism F was provided with the 1st screw conveyor 60 connected to the tank G, its motor 61, and the sensor for the purpose of supplying the pellet W quantitatively as described in FIGS. 1-2. The silo 62, the second screw conveyor 63, its motor 64, and a shooter 65 are included. Accordingly, the pellets W accumulated at the bottom of the tank G are sent to the silo 62 by driving the first screw conveyor 60 and are quantitatively stored by the function of the attached sensor. Thereafter, when there is a command from the control panel J (control mechanism) provided on the surface P of the combustion furnace C, the second screw conveyor 63 is driven, and the pellet W of the silo 62 is passed through the pellet input cylinder portion 7. To the temporary combustion pit 3.

  The control panel J controls the operations of at least the amount of pellets W, the motor 64, the ignition burner 4, the combustion fan 6, and the induction fan D as other functions. Negative pressure adjustment (maintenance of the negative pressure state) is attempted, and complete combustion and / or ensuring of combustion efficiency, use of pellets W, and the like are intended. The operation of the combustion furnace C and the operation and adjustment of the ignition burner 4, the combustion fan 6, and the induction fan D are performed.

  Next, a preferred example of combustion, wind (air), flow of combustion gas, etc., movement of the present invention will be described. The pellets W stored in the silo 62 are moved by the first screw conveyor 60 and the second screw conveyor 63 is moved so that the pellets W are sent from the pellet charging cylinder portion 7 to the primary combustion pit 3 and from the ignition burner 4. With the flame, the pellet W is ignited and starts to burn. In synchronization with this, the induction fan D and the combustion fan 6 function to bring the inside of the combustion furnace C into a negative pressure state, the pushing force of the combustion fan 6 and the air in the combustion furnace C of the induction fan D (combustion) Gas and combustion debris), or in some cases, flame / flame gas (combustion) from the inlet side X1 to the delivery side Y1 of the combustion furnace C by the force of pulling (pulling in) the outside air from the suction grooves 32 and 34 Gas) flow. The wind (air volume adjustment) of the combustion fan 6 is determined by adjusting the damper 10 and adjusting the balance of the amount of air flowing through the branch passages (passages 9a and 9b). That is, the amount of air from below the grate 11 required for the primary combustion of the pellet W and the amount of air necessary for the secondary combustion rooster 16 are determined to obtain an optimal combustion state. As shown in FIG. 1, the rooster 16 and the bottom portion are formed by the blown air from the blowing slit 17 (blowing groove) of the rooster 16, the negative pressure state (negative pressure) in the combustion furnace C, and the pushing of air by the combustion fan 6. The pellets W supplied by being blown out sequentially toward the main body C1 of the combustion furnace C from the inlet side X1 at a high position with C2 toward the delivery side Y1 at a low position between the rooster 16 and the bottom C2. The combustion pellet W is transported and the combustion gas and combustion residue are pushed smoothly from the inlet side X1 of the combustion furnace C toward the delivery side Y1 (with the inclined installation of the rooster 16). As described above, the structure is such that the wind from the blowout slit 17 and the structure converged toward the delivery side Y1 and the saddle shape formed by the bottom surface 16a and the side surface 16b are the structure for delivering as described above.

  Then, the blown-out combustion gas and burnt gas are sent toward the tertiary combustion pit 30 so as to scatter in the main body C of the combustion furnace C (and sent so as to be blown off), and the number of the tertiary combustion pits 30. In the tertiary combustion pit 30 through the outside air from the suction groove 32 at the location, as shown in FIG. 5, turbulence and complete combustion are achieved (the burning residue of the pellet W accumulated in the tertiary combustion pit 30 is raised, Further promote combustion). This turbulence is caused by the fact that the quaternary combustion pit 40 is made one step lower than the tertiary combustion pit 30 and that the suction groove 42 is provided on the rear side (inlet side X1), as shown in FIG. Therefore, it can be surely achieved. Moreover, it has been confirmed in the implementation of the present invention at the manufacturing plant.

  The fourth combustion pit may be the same height as the third combustion pit.

  Thereafter, the combustion gas is sucked (flowed) into a large number of smoke pipes 70. Hot air is generated by heat exchange with the air present in the space R surrounding the smoke pipe 70. The warm air is diffused into the house through the warm air outlet 12 and the duct H.

  Then, the combustion gas, combustion residue, and combustion ash are guided to the dust collector E through the pipe 52, and are separated into combustion particles, combustion ash, and clear combustion air by, for example, centrifugal separation. Accumulated in the box part, clear combustion air is diffused into the air from the chimney I.

  Incidentally, by providing the fourth combustion pit 40 and / or configuring the fourth combustion pit 40 one step lower than the third combustion pit 30, the flow of the suction air shown in FIG. It is considered that a swirl flow and an upflow sufficient to cause combustion gas and combustion ash to rise are generated (see FIG. 5).

  Each structure described above is a description of a preferred example of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and structures that change a part of the configuration within the scope of the invention, structures that can achieve the same features and effects, and the like are within the scope of the present invention. It is.

A Combustor main body A1 Inner surface 1 hole 2 Fan X Front surface Y Rear surface Z Top plate surface O Back surface P Front surface R Space B Combustion unit 3 Primary combustion pit 4 Ignition burner 6 Combustion fan 7 Pellet injection tube unit 8 Chamber 9a Passage 9b Passage 10 Damper DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Grate B1 Control means C Combustion furnace C1 Main part C2 Bottom part C3 Front part C4 Rear part 12 Hot air outlet 16 Rooster 16a Bottom surface 16a1-a First bottom plate 16a1-b Second bottom plate 16a1-n nth bottom plate 16b Side surface 16c Mounting portion 17 Blowing slit 17a Blowing air path X1 Inlet side Y1 Outlet side Z1 Outer peripheral upper side O1 Outer peripheral back side P1 Outer peripheral front side Q1 Inlet side R1 Outlet side 30 Third combustion pit 31 Bottom surface 32 Suction groove 40 Fourth combustion pit 41 Bottom surface 42 Suction groove 43 Lid D Induction fan 50 Flue 52 Piping E Dust collector F Transport mechanism 0 first screw conveyor 61 motor 62 silo 63 Second screw conveyor 64 motor 65 chute 70 smoke G tank H duct I chimney J Control Release W wood pellets

Claims (4)

A primary combustion pit provided with an ignition burner, a combustion fan, and a wood pellet injection cylinder, a combustion furnace for secondary combustion connected to the primary combustion pit, and at least combustion gas on the delivery side of the combustion furnace and burning tertiary combustion pit burning diffuse debris into the air, and the wood pellet burning furnace comprising a quaternary combustion pit,
The combustion furnace is provided with a rooster that is inclined downward from the inlet side toward the delivery side, and the wind from the combustion fan is supplied in the vertical direction of the rooster from the blow slit formed in a plurality of stages in the short direction of the rooster. And a combustion furnace rooster for a wood pellet heater that enables the secondary combustion, and allows the combustion gas of the combustion furnace and the combustion residue to be conveyed toward the delivery side ,
Forming the fourth combustion pit that is one step lower than the third combustion pit;
A roaster for a combustion furnace of a wood pellet heating machine characterized in that, in the fourth combustion pit, the burnt residue of pellets accumulated in the third combustion pit is caused to rise and further promote combustion.   The rooster for a combustion furnace of a wood pellet heating machine according to claim 1, wherein the rooster is configured to form a bottom surface and both side surfaces that are oppositely spread in an inclined direction on a side surface side from both end portions of the bottom surface. The wind from the combustion fan is divided into two by a chamber attached to the combustion furnace, and supplied to the combustion furnace and the rooster, and a branched passage (9a), a passage (9b) connected to the chamber, The damper provided in the passage (9a) and the passage (9b) and the air sent to the champ can be supplied separately to the combustion furnace and the rooster by the damper operation. The rooster for the combustion furnace of the wood pellet heating machine according to 1. The blowout slit of the rooster is formed at the joint of a large number of bottom plates. The first bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second to nth bottom plates sequentially, and the first bottom plate is fed out. Under the side, the inlet side of the second bottom plate is configured to be stacked, and the first outlet plate and the inlet side of the second bottom plate constitute the first blowing slit, The roaster for a combustion furnace of a wood pellet heating machine according to claim 1, wherein an nth front blowing slit is formed on a delivery side of the second bottom plate and an inlet side of the nth bottom plate.