JP6548230B2 - 近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ - Google Patents
近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ Download PDFInfo
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Description
[1]大気中で半導体単層カーボンナノチューブに直接紫外線を照射することにより、オゾンを発生させて半導体単層カーボンナノチューブを酸化処理することを特徴とする近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法。
[2]前記紫外線を、基板上に薄膜状に形成された半導体単層カーボンナノチューブに照射することを特徴とする[1]に記載の近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法。
[3]前記酸化処理を、密閉された空間で行うことを特徴とする[1]又は[2]に記載の近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法。
[4][1]〜[3]のいずれかの製造方法で製造された近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブであって、発光エネルギーが低エネルギーシフト化していることを特徴とする近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ。
[5]発光エネルギーが296±10meV低エネルギーシフトしていることを特徴とする[4]に記載の近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ。
[6]発光波長のピークが1280±13nm(=0.9686±0.01eV)にあることを特徴とする[4]又は[5]に記載の近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ。
[7]半導体単層カーボンナノチューブに酸素原子が導入されている[4]〜[6]のいずれかに記載の近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ。
[8]前記酸素原子が主としてエポキシドとして導入されている[7]に記載の近赤外発光する半導体単層カーボンナノチューブ。
紫外線を照射する手法はSWCNTにも用いられており、例えば、特許文献1では、SWCNTに特定の単波長の光を照射して励起状態とし、励起状態にあるSWCNTを酸素で酸化させることにより、特定の構造のCNTを選択的に燃焼して消滅させ、該CNTとは異なる構造を有するCNTを選択的に得るとしている。
該非特許文献6の記述によれば、非特許文献1,2等の従来の湿式による方法では、ほとんどの酸素はSWCNTとエーテル結合しているために290meVを超える低エネルギーシフトが不可能であったが、本発明の方法によれば、導入された酸素はほとんどがSWCNTとエポキシドを形成し、これによりSWCNTの発光エネルギーを296±10meV低エネルギーシフトさせることが可能となったものと推定することができる。
また、紫外光の照射条件は、用いる装置によって異なるが、後述する実施例2のように、照射によりSWCNTが破壊されない条件下で行うことが必要である。
本実施例では、元試料に、CoMoCAT法により合成された、カイラル指数(6,5)をもつSWCNTが中心のものを用いた。
該SWCNT1.0mgを、直径47mmのメンブレンフィルター上に広げ、UVオゾンクリーナ(PC―450,Meiwafosis Co.,Ltd.)(光源:水銀ランプ、波長184.9、253.7nm等;電源:100V、0.5A)で0〜600秒、酸化処理をおこなった。
その後、ナトリウムドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸塩(SDBS)0.1mgと重水10mL中で混合し、超音波処理(VIBRA−CELL VCX−500,Sonics and Materials Inc.)を10分間おこなうことで酸化SWCNTを分散させた。この分散液を1時間、超遠心処理(Himac CS100GXII,Hitachi Koki)(ローター:S52ST、回転数:35000rpm)した後、上澄み液中に存在する酸化SWCNTを取り出した。
図の上段に示すとおり、酸化処理前の試料においては、カイラル指数(6,5)のSWCNTのバンド間遷移に由来する励起波長約570nm、発光波長約980nmの発光ピークが主に観測される。一方、図の下段に示すとおり、180秒処理したものでは、励起波長は変わらず、発光波長が約1280nmに長波長シフトした発光ピークが観測され、この発光波長のシフトはSWCNTに酸素原子が導入されたことによるものである。
本実施例では、前述のカイラル指数(6,5)をもつSWCNTが中心の試料の980nmと1280nmの発光強度の、酸化処理時間依存性を調べた。
図2は、発光強度の酸化処理時間依存性を示す図であり、縦軸は発光強度、横軸は照射時間である。
図2に示すとおり、酸化SWCNT由来の1280nm発光(−●−)は、バンド間遷移に伴う980nm発光(−▲−)の減少と共に増加し、180秒で極大に達する。そして、その後反応時間の増大と共に強度が減少する。この発光強度減少は過度な酸化反応によってSWCNTの構造が壊されていっているためと推測される。
図3は、非特許文献1、2で示されている従来法によって酸化処理したSWCNT試料から得られた2次元発光マップである。
具体的には、オゾン発生器(SO−03UN−OX05,Hamanetsu)より取り出した酸素・オゾン混合ガスを、3mLの重水中に約1分間通し、オゾンに由来する波長260nmの吸収ピークの吸光度がおよそ1.0になるまでバブリングした。このオゾン含有重水2mLと、SWCNTを1重量%SDBS重水溶液に分散し、超遠心処理によって得られた上澄み溶液400μL、重水1.6mLを混合し、波長254nmの紫外光をトランスイルミネータ(CSF−20AC,コスモバイオ)(強度:6400μW/cm2)で1分間照射し、酸化SWCNT溶液を得た。
図3に示すとおり、従来法で調整した酸化SWCNT溶液では、酸化処理により、主として約1140nm(約1.088eV)の発光が観察され、酸素がSWCNT壁にエーテル結合していると推測される。
また、この方法では、混合するオゾン水の量、光照射の時間や波長を変更しても、実施例1のような、SWCNTと酸素をエポキシド化させたことに由来すると推測される1280nmの発光のピークの増大は確認できなかった。
Claims (8)
- 酸素原子がエポキシドとして導入された半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブを溶媒中に分散させてなる分散液であって、前記半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブは、励起光の照射に対して波長1200nm〜1400nmで発光することを特徴とする分散液。
- 前記溶媒は、水であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の分散液。
- 前記分散液は、少なくともナトリウムドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸塩を混合してなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の分散液。
- 前記励起光の波長は、450nm〜1000nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の分散液。
- 前記半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブは、近赤外光を発光することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の分散液。
- 半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブを溶媒中に分散させてなる組織又は生体用の透過性近赤外蛍光プローブ用の分散液の製造方法であって、
前記半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブに酸化処理を施して半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブに酸素原子をエポキシドとして導入する工程を備え、
前記酸化処理は、大気中で前記半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブに紫外線を照射してオゾンを発生させることを特徴とする組織又は生体用の透過性近赤外蛍光プローブ用の分散液の製造方法。 - 前記紫外線の照射時間は、600秒以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の組織又は生体用の透過性近赤外蛍光プローブ用の分散液の製造方法。
- 前記半導体型単層カーボンナノチューブは、励起光の照射に対して波長1200nm〜1400nmで発光することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の組織又は生体用の透過性近赤外蛍光プローブ用の分散液の製造方法。
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