JP6542841B2 - 汚水処理 - Google Patents
汚水処理 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6542841B2 JP6542841B2 JP2017122476A JP2017122476A JP6542841B2 JP 6542841 B2 JP6542841 B2 JP 6542841B2 JP 2017122476 A JP2017122476 A JP 2017122476A JP 2017122476 A JP2017122476 A JP 2017122476A JP 6542841 B2 JP6542841 B2 JP 6542841B2
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- Prior art keywords
- wastewater
- strain
- waste
- sewage
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
本発明は、一般的に汚水処理、及びにおいを制御し、化学的酸素要求量(COD)を減少させ、特に汚水に含まれる化合物を分解する方法に関する。
本発明は、寄託微生物に関する。寄託微生物の内容は、参考として本明細書に十分に援用される。
関連技術の説明
汚水中の主な化学物質は、窒素、リン、脂肪、油及びグリースである。
本発明は、ムコル・ラセモサス(Mucor racemosus)、パエシロマイセス・リラシヌス(Paecitomyces lilacinus)、アスペルギルス・アスタス(Aspergillus ustus)又はトリコデルマ・インハマタム(Trichoderma inhamatum)(無性世代は、ヒポクレア・ゲラチノサ(Hypocrea gelatinosa))の株を含む、汚水処理組成物に関する。
汚水処理組成物
本発明は、ムコル・ラセモサス(Mucor racemosus)、パエシロマイセス・リラシヌス(Paecitomyces lilacinus)、アスペルギルス・アスタス(Aspergillus ustus)又はトリコデルマ・インハマタム(Trichoderma inhamatum)の株を含む汚水処理組成物、ムコル・ラセモサス、パエシロマイセス・リラシヌス、アスペルギルス・アスタス又はトリコデルマ・インハマタムの株を汚水に添加することを含む汚水処理方法に関する。
ムコル・ラセモサス NRRL 50031
パエシロマイセス・リラシヌス NRRL 50032
アスペルギルス・アスタス NRRL 50033
トリコデルマ・インハマタム NRRL 50034
本発明はまた、本発明の汚水処理組成物で汚水を処理するための方法に関する。
上記の各々の真菌株又は混合物は、該株を培養するために使用される最初の媒体物質に上に提供され、あるいは様々な物理的メカニズムによって最初の成長基質から除かれ、所定の適用のために所望の濃度を達成するために別個の基質又は添加物上に再混合され得る。例えば、真菌胞子又は他の目立たない珠芽は、超音波処理、洗浄又は基質破壊によって、次いで当業者に公知の、篩、遠心分離又は他のサイズ排除法のような濃縮ステップ(strep)によって除かれ得る。かかる分離された及び/又は濃縮された珠芽は、直接的に混合され適用されるか、あるいは適用のために別個の基質上に配置されることがある。このようにして、最初の成長基質の望ましくない物理的性質、例えば非溶解性又は低液体ポンプ特性は改善することができ、そして生成物は、より簡便に、容易に又は経済的に適用されてよい。好ましい実施態様では、ムコル・ラセモサス(Mucor racemosus)の真菌胞子は、超音波処理によって成長媒体から除かれ、篩及び遠心分離によって濃縮され、次いで1以上の他の株と組合わされて、所望の汚水反応領域にポンプによって自動的に送達されることがある液状濃縮物懸濁液を提供する。様々な懸濁剤及び/又は界面活性剤は、濃縮された真菌珠芽混合物の汲み上げを助け、又はその沈殿を減少させるために添加され得る。
本発明はまた、ムコル・ヒエマリス(Mucor hiemalis)、パエシロマイセス・バリオチイ(Paecitomyces variottii)、アスペルギルス・ニガー(Aspergillus niger)、及びトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride)の株の生物学的に純粋な培養物に関する。本発明の具体例としてそれに限定する意図ではないが、以下の実施例を示す。
本明細書において他に示さない限り、すべての部分、パーセント等は重量基準である。
材料及び方法:
媒体及び基質:
パルプ製紙工場廃棄物:研究室試験で使用された汚水は、米国及びフランスの様々なパルプ製紙工場から得られた。汚水流物質は、SSC基準の栄養素(N&P)補正媒体の添加によってpH 7.8に調整した(以下の表参照)。
純粋培養物での実験:個々の真菌の役割を評価するために、真菌の純粋かつ混合培養物は、パルプ製紙工場の「強烈な沼」由来の廃棄物でインキュベートした。各真菌の種類及び濃度を以下の表に示す。真菌コンソーシアムについて、競合の真菌をより高濃度で加えたことに着目するのは重要である。
この実験のために、総数60個の150ml血清バイアルを使用し、ブチル化ゴムストッパーで蓋をした。各サンプルは3点で行った。バイアルは、次いで121℃で30分間オートクレーブによって殺菌した。
汚水中に存在する特定の化合物を検出するために、SPME(固相マイクロ抽出)を用いて、サンプルのGC/MS(ガスクロマトグラフィー/質量分光分析)分析を行った。各サンプルのCOD分析の後に、サンプルの残り(約9ml)を20mlのヘッドスペースバイアルに加えた。ジビニルベンゼン/カルボキセン/ポリジメチルシロキサン(DVB/CAR/PDMS)ファイバ(灰色容器)を選択した。このサンプルを60℃まで5分間加熱し、同時に320rpmで5秒間攪拌し、30秒間静置し、気化させた。次いで、サンプルを60℃で30分間抽出し、同時に先に記載したようにして攪拌した。サンプルを250℃で1分間脱着した。スプリット比を1:2に設定し、セプタムパージを2.5ml/分に設定した。においの原因となるイオウ化合物がサンプル中に存在すると考えられたので、このサンプルをSPB−1イオウカラムで分析した。脱着後、カラムを40℃で3分間維持した。次いで、温度を4℃/分の速度で125℃まで上昇させた。次いで、25℃/分〜200℃/分のより速い傾斜で上昇させた。質量分光分析は、新たな調整の後、45〜1000amuでスキャンするように設定した。
化合物がSPME装備GC/MSを用いて検出され得ることを確認した後、汚水中の未知化合物の分解能を示すために第2試験を設定した。NZB−Cが分解することができた場合に、非処理サンプル対処理サンプルから得られたクロマトグラムに示されるだろうと予測した。例えば、非処理サンプルにおいて16.382分の保持時間を有するピークは、処理サンプルでは16.382分で理論上現れるはずである。3つのピークの面積を分析し、真菌生成物の分解能についての結論を導き出すことができた。この具体的な試験のために、Norampac由来の出口水は、0.2ミクロン殺菌フィルタで濾過し、次いで各々の20mlヘッドスペースバイアルに加えた。これは3点で行った。SSC濃度を1xにするために、各バイアルにSSCを加えた。そのために以下の手段を用いた。
ある化合物がSPMEによるGC/MSヘッドスペース分析を用いて検出され得ることを確認した後、処理サンプルと非処理サンプルとの単純なピーク比較によって化合物の分解の比較を行った。3つのピークをこの比較試験のために単離した。これらのピークの同一性は、使用したShimadzu GC/MS装置(GCMS−QC2010S)の内部化合物ライブラリーによって提供された。この結果を表2に示す。これは、NZB−Cがこれらの検出化合物を分解することができる証拠である。
フランス、ボンデュエル(Bonduelle)でのパルプ製紙工場の潟湖処理施設中のにおい発生及びある厄介な廃棄化合物を減少させるNZB−C真菌コンソーシアムの能力の評価分野が画された。上記のようにして調製されたNZB−C材料は、1.5g NZB−C/処理潟湖に存在する1.0Kgの総CODの割合で、7,500m3/日の流速で加えた。位置が類似しているが別個の潟湖は、NZB−Cで処理せず、対照とした。実験の最初に(0日目)及び23日目に、潟湖出口でサンプルを採取した。これらは、実施例1に記載のSPME分析法を有するGC/MSを用いて評価した。結果を表3に示す。これは、あるにおい関連化合物の相当のかつ顕著な減少がこの時間に起こったことを示している。
Claims (1)
- ムコル・ラセモサス(Mucor racemosus)NRRL 50031株の生物的に純粋な培養物。
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