JP6541426B2 - Falling prevention device and falling prevention structure for railway rail fastener - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fall prevention device and a fall prevention structure for a railway rail fastener that is attached to a joint plate of a railway rail.

In general, a railway track is configured by connecting rails having a predetermined length. The joints of the front and rear rails are connected by sandwiching the inside and outside of the rails with a pair of joint plates and fastening them at a plurality of points with bolts and nuts, which are fasteners, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 as well.
Moreover, although it does not relate to the fastening structure of a rail joint, Patent Document 2 discloses a tongue rail (a pointed rail for branching a train) at a junction (point) of a railway track as a connecting plate or a mounting bracket Discloses a structure for preventing the diver bolt connected to the rolling rod from falling off.

JP-A-9-143904 JP 2003-193401

By the way, in a railroad track, since vibrations are repeatedly applied to the rails as the train passes, loosening occurs in the fasteners connecting the joints of the rails. Since unforeseen situations may occur if this is left unchecked, safety is ensured by regularly carrying out maintenance inspections on the rails.
However, for example, in the event that the rail joint fasteners used for the bridge loosen and fall off, it is assumed that a person or a vehicle passing under the bridge may be in danger, thereby achieving security multiplexing. From the viewpoint of fail-safety, it is desirable to adopt a structure that prevents the falling off of the rail joint fastener as well.

  In addition, rail joints are fastened at a minimum of at least two points in total, one in each of the front and rear rails, or in total, four in total, two in front and back, or a total of six in three front and rear However, there is a problem that the installation work becomes complicated if the fall prevention fitting is attached separately one by one.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to effectively prevent the falling off of a fastener attached to a joint of rails while enhancing the efficiency of the attachment operation. is there.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anti-separating device for a railway rail fastener which prevents detachment of a plurality of fasteners attached to a joint plate by attaching the joint plate to the rail.
This fall-off prevention device is formed by bending a wire, and by attaching to a joint plate of a rail, the fall-off prevention device of a fastener for a railway rail that prevents the fall of a plurality of fasteners attached to the joint plate. A plurality of spaced apart members, each having a bending shape surrounding a head or a nut of a bolt constituting the fastener, the joint plate by abutting on the head of the bolt or the nut A plurality of bent portions for preventing the falling off of the fastener attached thereto, straight portions connecting the adjacent bent portions, and provided at both ends of the wire, each at an end portion of the joint plate A pair of hook portions to be locked, and the bent portion protrudes in a substantially L shape or a substantially U shape in a mounting direction of the fastener from the straight portion It has a pair of projecting portions which are extended, and the pair of projecting portions extend so as to be opposed to the end face of the head of the bolt or the end face of the nut, and are connected to each other. .
Each bending portion has a bending shape that surrounds the head or nut of the bolt that constitutes the fastener, and by coming into contact with the head or nut of the bolt, the falling off of the fastener attached to the joint plate is prevented Do.

In the first invention, each of the bent portions, and have a pair of projecting portions projecting in a substantially L shape or substantially U-shape toward the straight portion in the mounting direction of the fastener.
In this case, the pair of protruding portions extend opposite to the end face of the head of the bolt or the end face of the nut, and are connected to each other .

Here, the distance between the pair of projecting portions is preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the head of the bolt or the outer diameter of the nut, and more preferably larger than the axial diameter of the bolt.
Further, it is desirable that the projection heights of the pair of projection parts with reference to the straight part be larger than the height of the end face of the head of the bolt or the height of the end face of the nut.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the front and rear rails are constituted by a pair of joint plates for clamping the joint portions of the front and rear rails inside and outside, and a bolt and a nut respectively. There is provided a fall-off preventing structure for a railway rail fastener, comprising: a plurality of fasteners to be fixed; and the fall-off preventing device according to the first invention attached to the joint plate to prevent the fall-off of the plurality of fasteners.

Here, in the second invention, the dropout prevention device may be mounted on each of a pair of joint plates sandwiching the inside and the outside of the rail.
Further, an elastic member may be interposed between the bent portion in the fall-off preventing device and the end face of the head of the bolt or the end face of the nut.

According to the present invention, even if the fastener attached to the joint plate of the railway rail is loosened and displaced in the dropout direction side, the head of the bolt or the nut abuts on the bent portion of the dropout prevention device The displacement of the fastener is restricted, so that the falling off of the fastener can be effectively prevented.
In addition, since this fall-off prevention device is provided with a plurality of bent portions for preventing the fall-off of the respective fasteners, it is not necessary to attach each fastener, and only one attachment operation is required. Can be enhanced.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a fall-off preventing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a fall-off prevention device used in the fall-off prevention structure of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nut portion. FIG. 4 is a front view of the nut portion. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bolt portion. FIG. 6 is a front view of a bolt portion. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the fall-off prevention device according to the first modification. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a nut portion according to a first modification. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a fall-off prevention device according to a second modification. FIG. 10 is a view showing an extended example of the dropout prevention structure.

One embodiment of a fall prevention device and a fall prevention structure of a fastener for a railway rail according to the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 6.
As shown in FIG. 1, the falling-off preventing structure 1 is provided at a joint portion between adjacent front and rear rails 2 a and 2 b constituting a railway track, and includes a plate-like joint plate 3 and a plurality of fasteners 4. , And the fall-off prevention device 5 mainly.

The joint plates 3 straddle the front and rear rails 2a and 2b, and are respectively disposed inside and outside of the rails, and the rails 2a and 2b are held inside and outside by the pair of joint plates 3. Further, in the joint plate 3, a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the fasteners 4 are provided in a line at predetermined intervals in correspondence with the through holes (not shown) on the rail 2a, 2b side. It is done.
In the present embodiment, as an example, the configuration in which the fastener 4 is inserted into a total of four places of two places in each of the front and rear rails 2a and 2b is shown, but a total of six places of three places in front and back are included It is sufficient if there are multiple places.

The fastener 4 is composed of a bolt 4a and a nut 4b. By inserting the bolt 4a into the mounting hole of the joint plate 3 and screwing the nut 4b thereto, the front and rear rails 2a and 2b are fastened and fixed via the pair of joint plates 3.
In the present embodiment, the bolt 4a is inserted so that the direction of the bolt 4a changes every fastening point (the bolt 4a and the nut 4b are alternately arranged).
The anti-falling device 5 is mounted on the joint plate 3 to prevent the plurality of fasteners 4 attached to the joint plate 3 from coming off.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the fall-off preventing device 5, wherein FIG. 2 (a) is a top view and FIG. 2 (b) is a side view. Moreover, FIG. 3 is an AA cross section of FIG. 1, that is, a cross sectional view of a nut portion.
As shown in FIG. 2, the fall-off preventing device 5 is formed by bending a single wire, and a plurality of bent portions 5 a, straight portions 5 b connecting adjacent bent portions 5 a, and both ends of the wire And a hook portion 5c provided on the main body. As a wire, a wire made of steel is preferable from the viewpoint of strength.

The plurality of bent portions 5a are provided at intervals in the middle of the wire. Each bending portion 5a has a bending shape surrounding the head of the bolt 4a or the nut 4b.
Specifically, each of the bent portions 5a protrudes in a substantially U shape as shown in FIG. 3 from the straight portion 5b toward the mounting direction of the fastener 4 (the direction connecting the both side surfaces of the rails 2a and 2b). The protruding portions are connected to each other at the top.

In the illustrated configuration, the plurality of bending portions 5a all have the same shape. Further, adjacent bent portions 5a are connected by straight portions 5b extending linearly.
Furthermore, each hook portion 5c has a hook shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (a) so that the falloff preventing device 5 can be fixed to the joint plate 3, and an end portion of the joint plate 3 is provided. Locked and fixed.
The projecting portion may be formed in a substantially L-shape instead of the substantially U-shape.

As described above, the bent portion 5a protrudes in a substantially U shape as shown in FIG. 3 from the straight portion 5b in the mounting direction of the fastener 4 (the direction connecting the both side surfaces of the rails 2a and 2b). It has a pair of projecting portions.
Specifically, it protrudes outward from the straight portion 5b and then stands up and extends to face the end face of the nut 4b.
When the bent portion 5a is displaced in the direction in which the nut 4b is disengaging, the bending portion 5a abuts on the end face of the nut 4b to restrict further displacement of the nut 4b, thereby effectively preventing the disengaging of the nut 4b. Ru.

Next, the dimensional relationship between the bending portion 5a and the nut 4b will be described based on FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the nut portion.
Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the pair of projecting portions in the bending portion 5a extend substantially in parallel, and the distance is L, the shaft diameter of the bolt 4a is R1, and the outer diameter of the nut 4b is R2. Then, the distance L is preferably smaller than the outer diameter R2 of the nut 4b and larger than the axial diameter R1 of the bolt 4a.
By setting it in such a relationship, dropping of the nut 4 b can be effectively prevented.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the bent portion 5a protrudes outward from the straight portion 5b and then stands up upward and faces the end face of the head of the bolt 4a, similarly to the nut portion shown in FIG. As it extends.
Then, when the bent portion 5a is displaced in the direction in which the bolt 4a drops out, the bent portion 5a abuts on the end face of the head of the bolt 4a to restrict further displacement of the bolt 4a, thereby dropping the bolt 4b off Is effectively prevented.

Next, the dimensional relationship between the bending portion 5a and the bolt 4a will be described based on FIG.
6 is a front view of a bolt portion.
Here, assuming that the outer diameter (length of one side of the rectangular shape) of the head of the bolt 4a is R3, the distance L between the pair of projecting portions in the bending portion 5a is smaller than the outer diameter R3 of the head of the bolt 4a Is preferred.
By setting it in such a relationship, dropping of the nut 4 b can be effectively prevented.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the protrusion height H of the pair of protrusion portions with reference to the straight portion 5ba is the height H1 of the end face of the nut 4b or the height H2 of the end face of the head of the bolt 4a. Larger than is desirable.
By setting it in such a relationship, it is possible to effectively prevent the bolt 4a and the nut 4b from falling off.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, even if the fastener 4 attached to the joint plate 3 is loosened and displaced in the dropping direction side, the head of the bolt 4 a or the bent portion of the nut 4 b Further displacement is restricted by coming into contact with 5a, so that falling off of the fastener 4 can be effectively prevented.
Further, since a plurality of bending portions 5a for preventing the respective fasteners 4 from falling off are provided in the detachment preventing device 5, there is no need to attach each fastener 4 and one attachment operation is sufficient. Therefore, work efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, the shape of the fall-off prevention apparatus 5 is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A various form is employable including the following modification.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the fall-off prevention device 5 'according to the first modification. Although the height H2 of the head of the bolt 4a is smaller than the height H1 of the nut 4b in the detachment prevention device 5 shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the bending portion 5a is the same.
On the other hand, in the falling-off preventing device 5 ', as shown in FIG. 8, since the height H2 of the bolt 4a is low, the projecting height H' of the bending portion 5a 'corresponding to this is also low. The clearance of the bolt 4a is reduced, and the displacement of the bolt 4a is restricted to a narrower range.
This makes it possible to more effectively prevent the bolt 4a from falling off. The other points are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and therefore, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted (the same applies to the following modifications and the like).

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a fall-off preventing device 5 ′ ′ according to the second modification. In this fall-off preventing device 5 ′ ′, an enlarged diameter portion 5d is provided by partially enlarging the diameter of the bent portions 5a and 5a ′, and the enlarged diameter portion 4d is covered with the head of the bolt 4a and the side of the nut 4b. As such, it is retracted backward (back side on the paper surface).
Thereby, since bending part 5a, 5a 'contact | abuts to the end surface of the head of volt | bolt 4a, and the end surface of the nut 4b more appropriately and uniformly, drop-off | omission of the fastener 4 can be prevented much more effectively. The shape of the enlarged diameter portion 5d may be changed according to the shape of the head of the bolt 4a or the shape of the nut.

FIG. 10 is a view showing an expanded example of the above-described dropout prevention structure 1. This fall-off preventing structure 1 ′ has an elastic member 6 such as a rubber material interposed between the bent portion 5b and the end face of the head of the bolt 4a or the end face of the nut 4b. In this way, the elasticity of the elastic member 6 always urges the nut 4 b (the bolt 4 a when used on the bolt 4 a side), so that the loosening of the fastener 4 can be prevented.
In addition, without using the elastic member 6, you may utilize the elastic deformation of the wire itself which is a constituent material of drop-off prevention apparatuses 5 and 5 '.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, an example in which the anti-falloff device 5, 5 'is attached to the joint plate 3 outside the rail has been described, but similar anti-falling device 5, 5' is attached to the joint plate 3 inside the rail You may

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Fall prevention structure 2a, 2b Rail 3 joint | seam plate 4 Fastener 4a Bolt 4b Nut 5, 5', 5 '' Fall prevention device 5a, 5a 'bent part 5b straight part 5c hook part 6 elastic member

Claims (7)

In a fall-off preventing device for a railway rail fastener, which is formed by bending a wire and is attached to a joint plate of the rail to prevent the plurality of fasteners attached to the joint plate from falling off,
A plurality of gaps are provided, each having a bent shape that surrounds the head or nut of a bolt that constitutes the fastener, and abuts on the head of the bolt or the nut to contact the joint plate. A plurality of bends that prevent the attached fasteners from falling off;
A straight portion connecting the adjacent bent portions;
And a pair of hooks provided at both ends of the wire, each hooked to an end of the joint plate ;
The bent portion is
The straight portion has a pair of projecting portions projecting in a substantially L shape or a substantially U shape in a mounting direction of the fastener.
The pair of projecting portions extend so as to face the end face of the head of the bolt or the end face of the nut, and are connected to each other . The separation preventing device for a railway rail fastener according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between the pair of projecting portions is smaller than an outer diameter of a head of the bolt or an outer diameter of the nut. The separation prevention device for a railway rail fastener according to claim 2 , wherein a distance between the pair of projecting portions is larger than an axial diameter of the bolt. The projection height of the pair of projection parts based on the straight part is described in claim 2 or 3 characterized in that it is larger than the height of the end face of the head of the bolt or the end face of the nut. Fallout prevention device for railway rail fasteners. The front and back rails next to each other,
A pair of joint plates for clamping joint portions of the front and rear rails inside and outside;
A plurality of fasteners, each composed of a bolt and a nut, for fixing the front and rear rails via the pair of joint plates;
The fall-off preventing structure of a railway rail fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising: the fall-off preventing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 attached to the joint plate to prevent the fall of the plurality of fasteners. The said drop-off prevention apparatus is attached to each of the said pair of joint boards which clamp the inside and outside of the said rail, The drop-off prevention structure of the fastener for railway rails described in Claim 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The railway according to claim 5 or 6 , further comprising an elastic member interposed between the bent portion of the fall-off preventing device and the end face of the head of the bolt or the end face of the nut. Fall prevention structure for rail fasteners.

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