JP2016216971A - Fall-off prevention device and fall-off prevention structure for railroad rail fastener - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively prevent fall-off of a fastener fitted at a joint between rails, while enhancing fitting work efficiency.SOLUTION: A fall-off prevention device 5 for a railroad rail fastener is provided, to be fitted on a splice plate between rails for preventing fall-off of a plurality of fasteners fitted on the splice plate. The fall-off prevention device 5 is formed by bending a wire material, and includes a plurality of bent parts 5a provided leaving an interval, a straight part 5b connecting the adjacent bent parts 5a to each other, and a pair of hook parts 5c provided at an end of the wire material, each of which is engaged to an end of the splice plate. Each of the bent parts 5a has a bent form that surrounds a bolt head part or a nut constituting the fastener, and prevents fall-off of the fastener fitted on the splice plate by coming into contact with the bolt head part or the nut.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a railroad rail fastener fastener falling-off prevention device and a rail-off prevention structure that are attached to a railroad joint plate.

Generally, a railway track is configured by connecting rails having a predetermined length. As disclosed in Patent Document 1, the joints of the front and rear rails are connected by sandwiching the inside and outside of the rails with a pair of joint plates and fastening them at a plurality of locations with bolts and nuts as fasteners.
Moreover, although it is not related to the joint structure of a rail joint, Patent Document 2 discloses a connecting plate or a mounting bracket for a tongrail (a pointed rail for branching a train) at a branch portion (point) of a railway track. The structure which prevents the drop-off of the diver bolt connected to the rolling rod via the pin is disclosed.

JP-A-9-143904 JP 2003-193401 A

By the way, in a railway track, vibrations are repeatedly applied to the rail as the train passes, so that the fastener that connects the rail joints becomes loose. If this is left unattended, an unexpected situation may occur, so safety is ensured by regularly performing rail maintenance.
However, for example, in the unlikely event that a rail joint fastener used in a bridge loosens and falls off, it is assumed that people and vehicles passing under the bridge may be at risk. From the viewpoint of fail-safety, it is desirable to employ a structure that prevents the rail joint fastener from falling off.

  In addition, the joints of the rails are fastened at a total of two places, one at each of the front and rear rails, usually four places at two places at the front and rear, or six places at a total of three places at the front and rear. However, if the drop-off prevention metal fittings are attached separately one by one, there is a problem that the installation work becomes complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its purpose is to effectively prevent the fasteners attached to the joints of the rails from dropping while improving the efficiency of the attachment work. is there.

1st invention provides the fall prevention apparatus of the fastener for railroad rails which prevents the fall of the several fastener attached to the joint board by attaching to the joint board of a rail.
This drop-off prevention device is formed by bending a wire, and is provided at a plurality of refracting parts provided at intervals, a straight part connecting adjacent bent parts, and an end part of the wire, And a pair of hook portions locked to the end portions of the joint plate.
Each bent part has a bent shape that covers the head or nut of the bolt that constitutes the fastener, and prevents the fastener attached to the seam plate from falling off by contacting the head or nut of the bolt. To do.

Here, in the first invention, each bent portion may have a pair of projecting portions projecting in a substantially L shape or a substantially U shape from the straight portion toward the attachment direction of the fastener.
In this case, the pair of projecting portions preferably extend so as to face the end face of the bolt head or the end face of the nut, and are connected to each other.

The distance between the pair of projecting portions is preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt head or the outer diameter of the nut, and is preferably larger than the shaft diameter of the bolt.
Furthermore, it is desirable that the protruding height of the pair of protruding portions with respect to the straight portion is larger than the height of the end face of the bolt head or the end face of the nut.

  The second invention comprises front and rear rails, a pair of seam plates that sandwich the joint portions of the front and rear rails inside and outside, each of which comprises a bolt and a nut, and the front and rear rails are connected via the pair of seam plates. Provided is a railroad rail fastener prevention structure that includes a plurality of fasteners to be fixed and a dropout prevention device according to the first aspect of the present invention that is attached to a seam plate and prevents the fasteners from falling off.

Here, in the second invention, the drop-off prevention device may be attached to each of the pair of seam plates that sandwich the inside and outside of the rail.
Moreover, you may interpose an elastic member between the bending part in a drop-off prevention apparatus, and the end surface of the head part of a volt | bolt, or the end surface of a nut.

According to the present invention, even if the fastener attached to the joint plate of the railroad rail is loosened and displaced in the drop-off direction side, the bolt head or nut abuts against the bent portion of the drop-off prevention device, and more Therefore, the fastener can be effectively prevented from falling off.
In addition, since the drop prevention device is provided with a plurality of bent portions for preventing the respective fasteners from falling off, it is not necessary to attach each fastener, and only one installation work is required. Can be increased.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a dropout prevention structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a dropout prevention device used in the dropout prevention structure of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nut portion. FIG. 4 is a front view of the nut portion. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bolt portion. FIG. 6 is a front view of the bolt portion. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the dropout prevention device according to the first modification. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a nut portion according to a first modification. FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a dropout prevention device according to the second modification. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of extension of the dropout prevention structure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a railroad rail fastener dropout prevention device and dropout prevention structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drop-off prevention structure 1 is provided at a joint portion between adjacent rails 2 a and 2 b constituting a railway track, and includes a plate-like joint plate 3, a plurality of fasteners 4, and the like. The dropout prevention device 5 is mainly configured.

The joint plate 3 straddles the front and rear rails 2a and 2b and is arranged inside and outside the rail. The pair of joint plates 3 sandwich the rails 2a and 2b inside and outside. In addition, the joint plate 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the fasteners 4 in a line at predetermined intervals in correspondence with the through holes (not shown) on the rails 2a and 2b side. It has been.
In the present embodiment, as an example, the configuration in which the fasteners 4 are inserted into a total of four places, two at each of the front and rear rails 2a and 2b, is shown. It suffices if there are multiple places.

The fastener 4 includes a bolt 4a and a nut 4b. The front and rear rails 2a and 2b are fastened and fixed via the pair of joint plates 3 by inserting the bolts 4a into the mounting holes of the joint plates 3 and screwing the nuts 4b into the holes.
In the present embodiment, the bolts 4a are inserted so that the direction of the bolts 4a is changed at each fastening portion (the bolts 4a and the nuts 4b are alternately arranged).
The drop prevention device 5 is attached to the joint plate 3, thereby preventing the plurality of fasteners 4 attached to the joint plate 3 from dropping out.

2A and 2B are configuration diagrams of the drop-off prevention device 5, in which FIG. 2A is a top view and FIG. 2B is a side view. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, that is, a nut portion.
As shown in FIG. 2, the drop-off prevention device 5 is formed by bending a single wire, and includes a plurality of bent portions 5a, straight portions 5b that connect adjacent bent portions 5a, and both ends of the wire. And a hook portion 5c provided in the main body. The wire is preferably a steel wire from the viewpoint of strength.

The plurality of bent portions 5a are provided at intervals in the middle of the wire. Each bent portion 5a has a bent shape surrounding the head of the bolt 4a or the nut 4b.
Specifically, each bent portion 5a protrudes from the straight portion 5b in a substantially U-shape as shown in FIG. 3 in the attachment direction of the fastener 4 (direction connecting both side surfaces of the rails 2a and 2b). A pair of projecting portions, and these projecting portions are connected to each other in the upper part.

In the illustrated configuration, the plurality of bent portions 5a all have the same shape. Further, the adjacent bent portions 5a are connected by a straight portion 5b extending linearly.
Further, each hook portion 5c has a hook shape that can fix the drop-off prevention device 5 to the seam plate 3, for example, as shown in FIG. Locked and fixed.
The protruding portion may be formed in a substantially L shape instead of a substantially U shape.

As described above, the bent portion 5a protrudes in a substantially U shape as shown in FIG. 3 from the straight portion 5b toward the attachment direction of the fastener 4 (direction connecting both side surfaces of the rails 2a and 2b). It has a pair of protrusion parts.
Specifically, after projecting outward from the straight portion 5b, it stands up and extends so as to face the end surface of the nut 4b.
When the nut 4b is displaced in the direction in which the nut 4b is dropped, the bent portion 5a is in contact with the end surface of the nut 4b, thereby restricting further displacement of the nut 4b, thereby effectively preventing the nut 4b from dropping off. The

Next, the dimensional relationship between the bent portion 5a and the nut 4b will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the nut portion.
Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the pair of projecting portions in the bent portion 5a extend substantially in parallel, the interval between them is L, the shaft diameter of the bolt 4a is R1, and the outer diameter of the nut 4b is R2. Then, the interval L is preferably smaller than the outer diameter R2 of the nut 4b and larger than the shaft diameter R1 of the bolt 4a.
By setting such a relationship, it is possible to effectively prevent the nut 4b from falling off.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the bent portion 5a, like the nut portion shown in FIG. 3, protrudes outward from the straight portion 5b and then stands upward and faces the end surface of the head of the bolt 4a. So as to extend.
Then, when the bolt 4a is displaced in the direction in which the bolt 4a is dropped, the bent portion 5a abuts against the end surface of the head of the bolt 4a, thereby restricting further displacement of the bolt 4a. Is effectively prevented.

Next, the dimensional relationship between the bent portion 5a and the bolt 4a will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the bolt portion.
Here, assuming that the outer diameter of the head of the bolt 4a (the length of one side of the rectangular shape) is R3, the distance L between the pair of protruding portions in the bent portion 5a is smaller than the outer diameter R3 of the head of the bolt 4a. It is preferable.
By setting such a relationship, it is possible to effectively prevent the nut 4b from falling off.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the protrusion height H of the pair of protrusion portions with respect to the straight portion 5ba is the height H1 of the end face of the nut 4b or the height H2 of the end face of the head of the bolt 4a. It is desirable to be larger.
By setting such a relationship, it is possible to effectively prevent the bolt 4a and the nut 4b from dropping off.

Thus, according to this embodiment, even if the fastener 4 attached to the seam plate 3 is loosened and displaced in the drop-off direction side, the head of the bolt 4a or the nut 4b is bent in the drop-off prevention device 5. Since it abuts on 5a and further displacement is restricted, it is possible to effectively prevent the fastener 4 from falling off.
In addition, since the dropout prevention device 5 is provided with a plurality of bent portions 5a for preventing the respective fasteners 4 from coming off, it is not necessary to attach each fastener 4 and only one attachment work is required. Therefore, work efficiency can be improved.

  Note that the shape of the dropout prevention device 5 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various forms can be adopted including the following modifications.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a dropout prevention device 5 ′ according to the first modification. In the dropout prevention device 5 shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the bent portion 5a is the same even though the height H2 of the head of the bolt 4a is smaller than the height H1 of the nut 4b.
On the other hand, in this drop-off prevention device 5 ′, as shown in FIG. 8, since the height H2 of the bolt 4a is low, the protrusion height H ′ of the corresponding bent portion 5a ′ is also reduced. The clearance of the bolt 4a is restricted to a narrower range.
Thereby, the drop-off of the bolt 4a can be more effectively prevented. In addition, since it is the same as that of embodiment mentioned above about the point other than that, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description here is abbreviate | omitted (same also about the following modifications etc.).

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a dropout prevention device 5 ″ according to the second modification. In this drop-off preventing device 5 ″, a diameter-enlarged portion 5d is provided by partially expanding the middle of the bent portions 5a, 5a ′, and this enlarged-diameter portion 4d covers the head of the bolt 4a and the side of the nut 4b. Thus, it is made to recede back (back side of the paper) diagonally.
As a result, the bent portions 5a and 5a ′ come into contact with the end surface of the head of the bolt 4a and the end surface of the nut 4b more appropriately and uniformly, so that the fastener 4 can be more effectively prevented from falling off. In addition, you may change the shape of the enlarged diameter part 5d according to the shape of the head of the volt | bolt 4a, or the shape of a nut.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an extension example of the above-described dropout prevention structure 1. This drop-off preventing structure 1 ′ is formed by interposing an elastic member 6 such as a rubber material between the bent portion 5b and the end face of the head of the bolt 4a or the end face of the nut 4b. By doing so, the nut 4b (the bolt 4a when used on the bolt 4a side) is always urged by the elasticity of the elastic member 6, so that the fastener 4 can be prevented from loosening.
In addition, you may utilize the elastic deformation of the wire itself which is a constituent material of drop-off prevention apparatus 5 and 5 ', without using the elastic member 6. FIG.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the dropout prevention devices 5 and 5 ′ are attached to the joint plate 3 outside the rail has been described. However, the same dropout prevention devices 5 and 5 ′ are also attached to the joint plate 3 inside the rail. May be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Fall-off prevention structure 2a, 2b Rail 3 Seam plate 4 Fastening tool 4a Bolt 4b Nut 5, 5', 5 '' Fall-off prevention device 5a, 5a 'Bending part 5b Straight part 5c Hook part 6 Elastic member

Claims (8)

In the rail-rail fastener drop-off prevention device, which is formed by bending a wire, and is attached to a rail joint plate to prevent a plurality of fasteners attached to the joint plate from falling off.
A plurality of them are provided at intervals, each of which has a bent shape surrounding the head or nut of the bolt constituting the fastener, and is brought into contact with the head of the bolt or the nut. A plurality of bent portions for preventing the attached fastener from falling off;
A straight portion that connects the bent portions adjacent to each other;
An apparatus for preventing a rail rail fastener from falling off, wherein the rail rail fastener includes a pair of hook portions which are provided at both ends of the wire rod and are respectively engaged with end portions of the joint plate. The bent portion is
A pair of projecting portions projecting in an approximately L shape or approximately U shape from the straight portion toward the attachment direction of the fastener;
2. The railroad rail rail according to claim 1, wherein the pair of projecting portions extend so as to face an end surface of a head portion of the bolt or an end surface of the nut and are connected to each other. Fastening prevention device for fasteners.   The apparatus for preventing a railroad rail fastener from falling off according to claim 2, wherein an interval between the pair of projecting portions is smaller than an outer diameter of a head of the bolt or an outer diameter of the nut.   The apparatus for preventing the railroad rail fastener from falling off according to claim 3, wherein an interval between the pair of projecting portions is larger than a shaft diameter of the bolt.   5. The protruding height of the pair of protruding portions with respect to the straight portion is higher than the height of the end face of the head of the bolt or the height of the end face of the nut. A device for preventing the rail rail fastener from falling off. The front and rear rails next to each other,
A pair of seam plates that sandwich the seam portion of the front and rear rails inside and outside;
A plurality of fasteners each configured of a bolt and a nut and fixing the front and rear rails via the pair of seam plates;
A structure for preventing a rail-rail fastener from falling off, comprising: a drop-off preventing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is attached to the joint plate and prevents the plurality of fasteners from falling off.   The structure for preventing a rail-rail fastener from falling off according to claim 6, wherein the drop-off prevention device is attached to each of the pair of joint plates sandwiching the inside and outside of the rail.   The railway according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an elastic member interposed between the bent portion in the drop-off prevention device and an end surface of the head of the bolt or an end surface of the nut. Rail fall-off prevention structure.

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