JP6536170B2 - Rolling bearing provided with vibration detection device and state detection device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rolling bearing (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a "bearing") provided with a vibration detecting device and a state detecting device.

When a bearing used in a steel plant, a paper machine, a chemical plant, or a pump of a power plant breaks down, the entire plant is shut down, and as the shutdown of the plant is prolonged, a great deal of money is generated. For this reason, in order to prevent long-term equipment shutdown, when the grease lubricating the bearing is lubricated regularly, or when a certain period of time passes, the entire bearing is replaced regardless of whether it is damaged or not. It is

In addition, in parallel with such regular maintenance, in many facilities, vibration of the bearing is monitored to prevent failure of the bearing. In this case, if a vibration different from the normal state is detected, it is necessary to see the situation until the next periodic maintenance or to immediately determine whether to perform lubrication or replace the bearing. In making this judgment, if there is information on the remaining life of the bearing, it is possible to make a more correct judgment. In order to evaluate the remaining life of the bearing, for example, it is necessary to confirm the state of the bearing by obtaining information on the degree of deterioration of the lubricant.

That is, in a bearing lubricated with a lubricant such as lubricant oil or grease, when the lubricant degrades, an increase in torque, an increase in wear, a temperature increase, etc. occur to cause an abnormality. As a main cause of lubricant deterioration, deterioration due to thermal decomposition or oxidation reaction (oxidative deterioration) may be mentioned. Oxidative deterioration is caused by the mixture of water into the lubricant and the reduction of the ambient temperature when the rolling bearing is shut down, and the water vapor in the air contacting the lubricant condenses and becomes water, and the moisture content of the lubricant is high Promotion, consumption of antioxidants, etc. In addition, when the lubricant is deteriorated, generation of acid, generation of volatile (low molecular weight) hydrocarbon accompanying decomposition of the lubricant component, formation of compound having a ketone group and the like, and wear amount due to reduction of thickness of the lubricating film Increase etc. will occur.

Therefore, the lubricant is measured by measuring the amount of water that is the cause of oxidative deterioration, the amount of wear that occurs as a result of deterioration, the amount of acid generation, the amount of hydrocarbon generation, and the amount of compounds containing ketone groups and the like. Can be determined. Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a bearing provided with such a lubricant deterioration detection device.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a monitoring device for a main shaft bearing for a wind turbine generator provided with vibration detection means for detecting the above-described vibration of the bearing. In this device, in addition to the load detection means, the vibration detection means is also used to make a judgment such as prediction of the maintenance required time.

JP 2003-166696 A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2010-159710

However, in order to evaluate the remaining life of the bearing with high accuracy by collecting various information, simply by juxtaposing various known detection devices, it is not always possible to perform accurate diagnosis. For example, a vibration detection device that detects vibration of a bearing is naturally assumed to be placed in an environment where the device itself is subjected to vibration. However, other detection devices are not necessarily assumed to be used in such an oscillating environment. Therefore, when abnormal vibration is applied to these other detection devices, the detection accuracy may be reduced, and in some cases, the device itself may be broken.

An object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing provided with a vibration detecting device and a state detecting device, which can accurately detect a failure of the bearing in view of such a situation.

In order to achieve the above object, a rolling bearing provided with a vibration detection device and a state detection device according to the present invention is configured as follows.
With the inner ring,
Outer ring,
A plurality of rolling elements provided between the inner ring and the outer ring;
A through hole formed in the outer ring and extending in the radial direction of the outer ring;
A tubular member having one end attached to the through hole;
A vibration detecting device attached to said outer ring,
A state detection device attached to a housing that accommodates the outer ring on the other end side of the tubular member and detecting a gas generated in the tubular member;
A rolling bearing provided with a vibration detection device and a state detection device characterized by having:

According to the bearing provided with the vibration detecting device and the state detecting device, the vibration detecting device for detecting the vibration of the bearing is attached to the outer ring or the tubular member, and the state detecting device for detecting the state of the bearing is attached to the housing. The vibration of the bearing can be detected directly and accurately, and the state detection device can detect the state without being affected by the vibration of the bearing. As a result, it is possible to detect the failure of the bearing with high accuracy.

It is a sectional view showing a self-aligning roller bearing provided with a vibration detecting device and a state detecting device of an embodiment of the present invention. It is an explanatory view expanding and showing a state detection device of an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. A self-aligning roller bearing 1 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a “bearing”) as a rolling bearing is arranged in two rows between the inner ring 2, the outer ring 3, the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 and rotated by a cage 4 A plurality of spherical rollers 5 freely held, a guide ring 6 disposed between the spherical rollers 5, a tubular member 7 having one end attached to the outer ring 3, and one end of the outer ring 3 or the tubular member 7 And the state detection device 9 provided on the other end side of the tubular member 7.

The inner ring 2 is formed with double rows of raceway surfaces 2a, 2a so that the center side in the axial direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1) is convex, and is substantially flat at the axial center between the two raceway surfaces 2a, 2a. The top surface 2b is formed. A pair of flanges 2c, 2c are provided at both axial end portions to prevent the spherical roller 5 from falling out of the bearing.

The outer race 3 has a concave spherical raceway surface 3a formed on the inner peripheral surface. Further, a lubricant injection hole 3b as a through hole extending in the radial direction of the outer ring 3 is formed at a plurality of circumferential positions at an axially central portion of the outer peripheral surface, and the lubricant is introduced into the bearing 1 from the injection hole 3b. Is to be supplied.

The spherical rollers 5 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "rollers") as rolling elements are disposed between the raceway surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and each raceway surface 2a of the inner ring 2, and are rotatably held by the cage 4. Be done.

The cage 4 is a bearing-guided brass machined cage, and is axially outward from an annular portion 4a disposed at a substantially central portion in the axial direction and both axial end portions of the annular portion 4a. And a column 4b extending to the A U-shaped pocket 4c is formed by the column portions 4b and the annular portion 4a adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the spherical roller 5 is rotatably held by the pocket 4c. Rollers 5 of each row are independently accommodated in each pocket 4c to form each roller row on both sides of the annular portion 4a, and each roller 5 of each roller row is uniformly spaced along its circumferential direction And is held rotatably.

In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the spherical roller 5 on the left is seen on the near side of the column 4b, while the spherical roller 5 on the right is seen on the back of the column 4b. As is apparent from this, each pocket 4c of the cage 4 is formed so as to be shifted by a half pitch in the circumferential direction between each row of rollers, and the spherical rollers 5 of each row alternate with the annular portion 4a interposed therebetween. It is arranged to (in a zigzag).

The guide wheel 6 is made of carbon steel (for example, S25C), and is located between two rows of spherical rollers 5, 5 in the axial direction, and between the top surface 2b of the inner ring 2 and the annular portion 4a of the retainer 4 in the radial direction. Is provided. The guide ring 6 has a pair of side surfaces 6 a and 6 a facing the two rows of spherical rollers 5, an outer peripheral surface 6 b facing the cage 4, and an inner peripheral surface 6 c facing the inner ring 2. It is guided by the surface 2b and made rotatable. Further, the retainer 4 is guided on the outer peripheral surface 6 b.

The tubular member 7 is preferably made of resin, and one end 7 a is fitted and attached to one of a plurality of lubricant injection holes 3 b formed in the outer ring 3. On the other end 7 b side of the tubular member 7, a state detection device 9 described later for detecting a gas flowing in the tubular member 7 is provided. The tubular member may be made of metal.

The vibration detection device 8 is for detecting the vibration generated in the bearing 1 and is attached to the outer ring 3 by, for example, a magnet or an adhesive. Specifically, the vibration detection device 8 includes a piezoelectric vibration sensor using a piezoelectric element, but is not limited thereto. Further, as a place to be attached, although the outer ring 3 is preferable in order to directly detect the vibration generated in the bearing 1, it is attached to the tubular member 7 (in particular, made of metal) integrally attached to the outer ring 3. May be

The state detection device 9 is for detecting the presence or absence of abnormality of the bearing 1 and the degree thereof by detecting the deterioration state of the lubricant that lubricates the bearing 1. Specifically, the deterioration state of the lubricant in the bearing 1 is detected by detecting the gaseous hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia generated with the deterioration of the lubricant by the gas sensor 9c (see FIG. 2). Gaseous hydrocarbons are generated as a result of decomposition of the lubricant component along with oxidative degradation of the lubricant to form low molecular weight hydrocarbons. When the compound forming the lubricant contains sulfur or nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia gas may be generated due to a tribochemical reaction on the rolling contact when the lubricant degrades.

Therefore, the deterioration state of the lubricant can be detected by detecting the gas of at least one of hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia by the gas sensor 9c. As the gas sensor 9c that can be used in the state detection device 9, for example, a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor using an oxide such as tin oxide or zirconia oxide can be used.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the state detection sensor 9 attached to the housing 10. As shown in this figure, the housing 10 is provided with a mounting recess 10a, and a state detection sensor 9 is mounted to the recess 10a. The state detection sensor 9 is composed of a cylindrical body 9a made of metal, a ceramic filter 9b, and a gas sensor 9c.

The ceramic filter 9b and the gas sensor 9c are disposed in the cylindrical body 9a. A ceramic filter 9 b is disposed on the bearing 1 side of the cylindrical body 9 a so as to close the entire end surface of the tubular member 7, and a gas sensor 9 c is disposed outside the ceramic filter 9 b. The ceramic filter 9 b is installed for the purpose of preventing the gas sensor 9 c from being contaminated by the scattering of the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1. An end of the cylindrical body 9 a on the ceramic filter 9 b side is disposed in the recess 10 a and fixed to the housing 10 by an adhesive.

The gas sensor 9c is made of tin oxide, and is a sensor that detects the amount of hydrocarbon by a resistance value. This resistance value is a value inversely proportional to the amount of hydrocarbons produced. An electrical signal indicating the resistance value from the gas sensor 9c is wirelessly transmitted to a computing device (not shown). The arithmetic unit is configured to calculate the amount of hydrocarbon generated inside the rolling bearing 1 from the input electric signal, and display the deterioration state of the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1 based on the amount of hydrocarbon. ing.

Next, the operation will be described.

In the self-aligning roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment, the inner ring 2 is attached to, for example, a shaft (not shown) supporting a papermaking roll, and the outer ring 3 is attached to the housing 10 and used. When the inner ring 2 rotates with the shaft, the spherical rollers 5 roll between the inner ring raceway surface 2a and the outer ring raceway surface 3a. At this time, the lubricant supplied into the bearing 1 from the lubricant injection hole 3b of the outer ring 3 is between the spherical roller 5 and the inner ring raceway surface 2a and between the spherical roller 5 and the outer ring raceway surface 3a. It is supplied between the top surface 2b and between the guide wheel 6 and the annular part 4a of the cage 4 to bring these contact surfaces into good lubricity.

During operation of the papermaking machine, the vibration generated in the bearing 1 is detected by the vibration detection device 8, and the detected signal is wirelessly transmitted to the computing device (not shown). Monitor. In parallel with this, the state detection device 9 detects the deterioration state of the lubricant, wirelessly transmits the detected result to the computing device, and displays the remaining life of the bearing 1 according to the computation result of the computing device (Not shown).

Normally, when an abnormality occurs in the bearing raceway surface or the like, the vibration detection device 8 detects abnormal vibration. At this time, the remaining life of the bearing 1 can be evaluated by detecting the deterioration state of the lubricant by the state detection device 9. Based on the detection result of the state detection device 9, when the remaining life of the evaluated bearing 1 comes before the time of the next periodic inspection, the bearing 1 is replaced at the present time. In addition, when the remaining life of the evaluated bearing 1 is later than the time of the next periodic inspection, a lubricant is newly enclosed and measures such as watching the situation are taken.

According to the present embodiment, on the other hand, the vibration detection device 8 is directly attached to the outer ring 3, so that the vibration generated in the bearing 1 can be detected with high accuracy. On the other hand, since the state detection device 9 is attached to the housing 10 accommodating the bearing 1 independently from the bearing 1, accurate detection can be performed without being affected by bearing vibration. For this reason, it is possible to detect the failure of the bearing 1 with high accuracy in advance by integrating the detection results from the detection devices 8 and 9.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate modifications, improvements, and the like can be made. For example, the target bearing is not limited to a self-aligning roller bearing, and may be a ball bearing, a tapered roller bearing, or a cylindrical roller bearing. In any case, it is preferable that the through hole to be attached to one end of the tubular member, which is formed in the outer ring, be provided at a position avoiding the rolling surface of the rolling element. Further, although the vibration detection device and the state detection device transmit the detection signal to the arithmetic device wirelessly, it is needless to say that transmission may be performed by wire.

1 Spherical Roller Bearing 2 Inner Ring 3 Outer Ring 4 Cage 5 Spherical Roller 6 Guide Wheel 7 Tubular Member 8 Vibration Detection Device 9 Condition Detection Device

Claims (1)

With the inner ring,
Outer ring,
A plurality of rolling elements provided between the inner ring and the outer ring;
A through hole formed in the outer ring and extending in the radial direction of the outer ring;
A tubular member having one end attached to the through hole;
A vibration detecting device attached to said outer ring,
A state detection device attached to a housing that accommodates the outer ring on the other end side of the tubular member and detecting a gas generated in the tubular member;
A rolling bearing provided with a vibration detection device and a state detection device characterized by having:

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