JP2007198576A - Bearing with internal condition detecting function - Google Patents

Bearing with internal condition detecting function Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007198576A
JP2007198576A JP2006021109A JP2006021109A JP2007198576A JP 2007198576 A JP2007198576 A JP 2007198576A JP 2006021109 A JP2006021109 A JP 2006021109A JP 2006021109 A JP2006021109 A JP 2006021109A JP 2007198576 A JP2007198576 A JP 2007198576A
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Prior art keywords
bearing
lubricant
detection circuit
seal
detection
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Kazunari Maeda
和成 前田
Toru Takahashi
亨 高橋
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2006021109A priority Critical patent/JP2007198576A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6622—Details of supply and/or removal of the grease, e.g. purging grease
    • F16C33/6625—Controlling or conditioning the grease supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7843—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing with an internal condition detecting function capable of accurately detecting an internal condition such as infiltration of water into the bearing, or a moisture content of a lubricant in the bearing. <P>SOLUTION: The bearing 1 with the internal condition detecting function is a bearing provided with seals 5, 6 sealing a bearing space, and electrode patterns 9, 10 for detection on a whole inner side face to be a face of a bearing space side of the seal 5. A detection circuit 11 is connected to the electrode patterns 9, 10, and infiltration of water into the bearing space, or the like is detected by the detection circuit 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、シールで密封された軸受空間内への水の浸入等を検出する機能を有する軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受、例えば鉄道車両用、自動車用、産業機械用等の軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受に関する。   The present invention relates to a bearing-with-in-bearing situation detecting function having a function of detecting water intrusion into a bearing space sealed with a seal, for example, a bearing in-situation detecting function for a railway vehicle, an automobile, an industrial machine, etc. Related to bearings

潤滑剤を封入した軸受では、軸受内部の潤滑剤（グリース、油など）が劣化すると転動体の潤滑不良が発生し、軸受寿命が短くなる。転動体の潤滑不良を、軸受の振動状態などから判断するのでは、寿命に達して動作異常が発生してから対処することになるため、潤滑状態の異常をより早く検出できない。そこで、軸受内の潤滑剤の状態を定期的あるいはリアルタイムに観測し、異常やメンテナンス期間の予測を可能にすることが望まれる。   In a bearing in which a lubricant is enclosed, if the lubricant (grease, oil, etc.) inside the bearing deteriorates, the rolling element will be poorly lubricated and the bearing life will be shortened. Judging the poor lubrication of the rolling elements from the vibration state of the bearing, etc., will be dealt with after an operational abnormality occurs due to the end of the life, so the abnormality of the lubricating state cannot be detected earlier. Therefore, it is desired to observe the state of the lubricant in the bearing periodically or in real time so that the abnormality or the maintenance period can be predicted.

潤滑剤の劣化の主要な要因として、軸受の使用に伴って発生する摩耗粉が潤滑剤に混入することが挙げられる。
軸受の摩耗状態を検出するものとしては、軸受のシールの内側にセンサを配置し、摩耗粉の混入する潤滑剤の電気的特性を前記センサで検出するようにしたセンサ付き軸受が提案されている（例えば特許文献１）。
特開２００４−２９３７７６号公報 As a major factor in the deterioration of the lubricant, wear powder generated with use of the bearing is mixed into the lubricant.
As a means for detecting the wear state of the bearing, a sensor-equipped bearing in which a sensor is arranged inside the seal of the bearing and the electrical characteristics of the lubricant mixed with wear powder is detected by the sensor has been proposed. (For example, patent document 1).
JP 2004-293776 A

しかし、特許文献１のセンサ付き軸受は、潤滑剤に混入した摩耗粉を検出するのみで、軸受空間内への水の浸入や、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の含水率、潤滑剤の酸化等の軸受内状況を検出することはできない。また、特許文献１のセンサ付き軸受は、シールの内面の一部にセンサを設けたものであるため、摩耗粉の他の各種の検出に応用しようとした場合に、限られたシール内面を十分に検出に利用することができず、精度や感度の良い安定した検出を行うことが難しい。   However, the sensor-equipped bearing disclosed in Patent Document 1 only detects wear powder mixed in the lubricant, such as intrusion of water into the bearing space, moisture content of the lubricant in the bearing space, oxidation of the lubricant, and the like. The situation inside the bearing cannot be detected. Moreover, since the bearing with a sensor of patent document 1 has provided the sensor in a part of inner surface of a seal | sticker, when it is going to apply to various other detections of abrasion powder, the limited inner surface of a seal | sticker is enough Therefore, it is difficult to perform stable detection with high accuracy and sensitivity.

この発明の目的は、簡易な構成で、軸受内の状況を精度良く、また感度良く、安定して検出することのできる軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受を提供することである。
この発明の他の目的は、簡易な構成で、軸受内への水の浸入、または軸受内の潤滑剤の含水率の検出を可能とすることでなる。
この発明のさらに他の目的は、簡易な構成で、軸受内の潤滑剤の酸化を検出可能とすることである。
この発明のさらに他の目的は、簡易な構成で、軸受内の潤滑剤の異物混入を検出可能とすることである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing with an in-bearing state detection function that can detect the state in the bearing with high accuracy, sensitivity, and stability with a simple configuration.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to detect water intrusion into the bearing or the moisture content of the lubricant in the bearing with a simple configuration.
Still another object of the present invention is to enable detection of oxidation of a lubricant in a bearing with a simple configuration.
Still another object of the present invention is to enable detection of contamination of a lubricant in a bearing with a simple configuration.

この発明の軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受は、軸受空間を密封するシールを設けた軸受において、前記シールの軸受空間側の面となる内側面の全面に、検出用の電極パターンを設けたことを特徴とする。
この構成によると、シールの内側面の全面に検出用の電極パターンを設けたため、電極パターンを大きくすることができて、軸受空間内の状況を、精度、および感度良く、安定して検出することができる。また、リアルタイムで検出することができる。シールに電極パターンを設けたものであるため、構成も簡易なものとなる。 In the bearing with a bearing internal state detection function according to the present invention, in the bearing provided with a seal that seals the bearing space, an electrode pattern for detection is provided on the entire inner surface that is the bearing space side surface of the seal. Features.
According to this configuration, since the electrode pattern for detection is provided on the entire inner surface of the seal, the electrode pattern can be enlarged, and the situation in the bearing space can be detected stably with high accuracy and sensitivity. Can do. It can also be detected in real time. Since the electrode pattern is provided on the seal, the configuration is also simple.

この発明において、前記電極パターンに接続された検出回路を設けても良い。この検出回路は、軸受空間内への水の浸入を検出するものとしても良い。また、前記検出回路として、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の含水率を検出するものとしても良い。
前記電極パターンに検出回路を接続することで、電極パターン間に介在する軸受空間内の潤滑剤の静電容量あるいは電気抵抗を測定することにより、その測定値から軸受空間内への水の浸入や、軸受空間内に封入された潤滑剤の含水率を検出することができる。シール内側の電極パターンで検出するため、水分の浸入をより早く検出できる。 In the present invention, a detection circuit connected to the electrode pattern may be provided. The detection circuit may detect water intrusion into the bearing space. The detection circuit may detect the moisture content of the lubricant in the bearing space.
By connecting a detection circuit to the electrode pattern, by measuring the electrostatic capacity or electrical resistance of the lubricant in the bearing space interposed between the electrode patterns, water intrusion into the bearing space from the measured value or The moisture content of the lubricant sealed in the bearing space can be detected. Since the detection is performed with the electrode pattern inside the seal, the intrusion of moisture can be detected earlier.

前記検出回路は、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の酸化を検出するものとしても良い。潤滑剤の静電容量あるいは電気抵抗を測定することにより、潤滑剤の酸化を検出することもできる。この酸化の状況により、潤滑剤の劣化を判断することができる。   The detection circuit may detect oxidation of the lubricant in the bearing space. It is also possible to detect the oxidation of the lubricant by measuring the electrostatic capacity or electrical resistance of the lubricant. The deterioration of the lubricant can be determined from the state of oxidation.

前記検出回路は、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の異物混入を検出するものとしても良い。上記静電容量あるいは電気抵抗の測定により、潤滑剤の異物混入を検出することもできる。この異物混入により、潤滑剤の異物混入による劣化を検出することができる。   The detection circuit may detect contamination of the lubricant in the bearing space. It is also possible to detect foreign matter contamination in the lubricant by measuring the capacitance or electrical resistance. By this foreign matter contamination, it is possible to detect deterioration due to foreign matter contamination of the lubricant.

この発明の軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受は、軸受空間を密封するシールを設けた軸受において、前記シールの軸受空間側の面となる内側面の全面に、検出用の電極パターンを設けたため、簡易な構成で、軸受内の状況を精度良く、また感度良く、安定して検出することのできる。特に、軸受内への水の浸入や、潤滑剤の含水率を早期に検出することができる。   According to the bearing with the in-bearing state detection function of the present invention, in the bearing provided with a seal for sealing the bearing space, the electrode pattern for detection is provided on the entire inner surface which becomes the bearing space side surface of the seal. With a simple configuration, the situation in the bearing can be detected with high accuracy, high sensitivity and stability. In particular, the intrusion of water into the bearing and the moisture content of the lubricant can be detected at an early stage.

この発明の一実施形態を図１ないし図４と共に説明する。この軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受１は図１に概略構成を示すように、転動体４を介して互いに相対回転自在な内輪２および外輪３と、これら内外輪２，３間の環状空間の両端を密封する一対のシール５，６を備えた転がり軸受であって、一方のシール５の軸受空間側の面となる内側面の全面に設けた一対の検出用の電極パターン９，１０と、この電極パターン９，１０に接続されて軸受内の状況を検出する検出回路１１とで構成される検出装置８を備えたものである。この軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受１は深溝玉軸受からなり、転動体４は保持器７で保持されている。
図２（Ａ），（Ｂ）には、リング状のシール５の内側面の全面に、このシール５と同心に環状の電極パターン９，１０を設けた例の平面図および断面図を示す。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown schematically in FIG. 1, the bearing 1 with a bearing internal state detection function includes an inner ring 2 and an outer ring 3 that are rotatable relative to each other via a rolling element 4, and both ends of an annular space between the inner and outer rings 2 and 3. A pair of electrode patterns 9 and 10 for detection provided on the entire inner surface of the seal 5 on the bearing space side. A detection device 8 that is connected to the electrode patterns 9 and 10 and that includes a detection circuit 11 that detects a situation inside the bearing is provided. This bearing 1 with a function for detecting the in-bearing condition is a deep groove ball bearing, and the rolling elements 4 are held by a cage 7.
2A and 2B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of an example in which annular electrode patterns 9 and 10 are provided concentrically with the seal 5 on the entire inner surface of the ring-shaped seal 5.

図３は、前記検出装置８の原理構成を示す。この検出装置８では、両電極パターン９，１０間に挟まれた軸受１内の潤滑剤１２の静電容量を検出回路１１で測定し、測定された静電容量から、潤滑剤１２に浸入あるいは混入した水分量を検出する。すなわち、両電極パターン９，１０に挟まれた潤滑剤１２に例えば水分が混入すると、水の誘電率が高いため、図４のように水分の混入量に比例して静電容量が増加する。そこで、測定される静電容量から、潤滑剤１２に混入した水分量を検出することができる。なお、この検出装置８によると、軸受１の外部から軸受内に浸入した水分に限らず、軸受内に封入された潤滑剤１２の含水率を検出することもできる。   FIG. 3 shows a principle configuration of the detection device 8. In the detection device 8, the electrostatic capacitance of the lubricant 12 in the bearing 1 sandwiched between the electrode patterns 9 and 10 is measured by the detection circuit 11, and the lubricant 12 enters or is introduced from the measured electrostatic capacitance. The amount of mixed water is detected. That is, for example, when water is mixed in the lubricant 12 sandwiched between the electrode patterns 9 and 10, the dielectric constant of water is high, so that the capacitance increases in proportion to the amount of water mixed as shown in FIG. Therefore, the amount of water mixed in the lubricant 12 can be detected from the measured capacitance. In addition, according to this detection apparatus 8, not only the water | moisture content permeated into the bearing from the outside of the bearing 1, but also the moisture content of the lubricant 12 sealed in the bearing can be detected.

また、以上の説明では、検出回路１１により、両電極パターン９，１０間に挟まれた潤滑剤１２の静電容量を測定するものとしたが、静電容量の代わりに電気抵抗を測定しても良い。この場合、潤滑剤１２に混入する水分量が増加すると電気抵抗が減少するので、測定される電気抵抗値から潤滑剤１２に混入した水分量を検出することができる。   In the above description, the capacitance of the lubricant 12 sandwiched between the electrode patterns 9 and 10 is measured by the detection circuit 11, but the electrical resistance is measured instead of the capacitance. Also good. In this case, when the amount of water mixed in the lubricant 12 increases, the electric resistance decreases, so that the amount of water mixed in the lubricant 12 can be detected from the measured electric resistance value.

軸受内に封入された潤滑剤１２には、軸受１の使用に伴って摩耗粉等の異物が混入するが、異物の混入量が増加すると上記した電気抵抗の測定値も増加するので、その測定値から軸受空間内の潤滑剤１２の異物混入量を検出するようにしても良い。また潤滑剤１２は劣化に伴い酸化が進み、その酸化の程度により上記した静電容量や電気抵抗が変化するので、測定される静電容量や電気抵抗から軸受空間内の潤滑剤１２の酸化を検出するようにしても良く、このようにして検出される異物混入量や酸化の程度から潤滑剤１２の劣化状態を推定することもできる。
このように、軸受１内の潤滑剤１２の水の浸入、あるいは異物混入等による劣化をリアルタイムで正確に検出できるため、軸受に動作異常が発生する前に潤滑剤の交換の必要性を判断でき、軸受１の潤滑不良による破損を防ぐことができる。また、潤滑剤交換の必要性を判断できるため、使用期限前に廃棄される潤滑剤の量が減少する。 The lubricant 12 enclosed in the bearing is mixed with foreign matter such as wear powder as the bearing 1 is used. However, as the amount of foreign matter increases, the measured value of the electrical resistance also increases. The amount of foreign matter mixed in the lubricant 12 in the bearing space may be detected from the value. In addition, the lubricant 12 is oxidized with deterioration, and the capacitance and electrical resistance described above change depending on the degree of oxidation. Therefore, the lubricant 12 in the bearing space is oxidized from the measured capacitance and electrical resistance. The deterioration state of the lubricant 12 can also be estimated from the amount of foreign matter mixed and the degree of oxidation detected in this way.
As described above, since deterioration of the lubricant 12 in the bearing 1 due to water intrusion or foreign matter contamination can be accurately detected in real time, it is possible to determine the necessity of replacement of the lubricant before the bearing malfunctions. The damage due to poor lubrication of the bearing 1 can be prevented. In addition, since the necessity of replacing the lubricant can be determined, the amount of lubricant discarded before the expiration date is reduced.

図５（Ａ），（Ｂ）は、前記シール５の内側面に設けられる電極パターン９，１０の他の例の平面図および断面図を示す。この例の電極パターン９，１０では、図５（Ｃ）に概略図で示すように、三重のリング構造で各リング部９ａ，９ｂ，９ｃが一部９ｄで連続する電極パターン９と、二重のリング構造で各リング部１０ａ，１０ｂが一部１０ｃで連続する電極パターン１０とを、一方の電極パターン９の各リング部９ａ〜９ｃと他方の電極パターン１０の各リング部１０ａ，１０ｂとが径方向に交互に並ぶように同心状に配置したものである。このように構成することにより、両電極パターン９，１０の対向面を増大させることができる。そのため、限られたシール５の内側面の面積の中で、できるだけ電極パターン９，１０の面積を大きくして、それだけ精度の良い検出を行うことができる。   5A and 5B show a plan view and a cross-sectional view of another example of electrode patterns 9 and 10 provided on the inner surface of the seal 5. In the electrode patterns 9 and 10 of this example, as schematically shown in FIG. 5C, the electrode patterns 9 each having a ring structure 9a, 9b and 9c continuous in a part 9d in a triple ring structure, In the ring structure, each ring portion 10a, 10b has an electrode pattern 10 continuous in part 10c, each ring portion 9a-9c of one electrode pattern 9 and each ring portion 10a, 10b of the other electrode pattern 10 They are arranged concentrically so as to be arranged alternately in the radial direction. By configuring in this way, the opposing surfaces of both electrode patterns 9 and 10 can be increased. Therefore, within the limited area of the inner surface of the seal 5, the area of the electrode patterns 9 and 10 can be increased as much as possible, and detection with higher accuracy can be performed.

図６（Ａ），（Ｂ）は、前記シール５の内側面に設けられる電極パターン９，１０のさらに他の例の平面図および断面図を示す。この例の電極パターン９，１０では、図６（Ｃ）に部分拡大平面図で示すように、リング部９ｅの内径側に複数の櫛歯９ｆを突出させた外周側の電極パターン９と、リング部１０ｄの外径側に複数の櫛歯１０ｅを突出させた内周側の電極パターン１０とを、両電極パターン９，１０の櫛歯９ｆ，１０ｅが周方向に交互に並ぶように同心状に配置したものである。このように構成することにより、両電極パターン９，１０の対向面を増大させることができる。   6A and 6B show a plan view and a cross-sectional view of still another example of the electrode patterns 9 and 10 provided on the inner surface of the seal 5. In the electrode patterns 9 and 10 of this example, as shown in a partially enlarged plan view in FIG. 6C, the electrode pattern 9 on the outer peripheral side in which a plurality of comb teeth 9f protrude on the inner diameter side of the ring portion 9e, and the ring The electrode pattern 10 on the inner peripheral side, in which a plurality of comb teeth 10e are projected on the outer diameter side of the portion 10d, is concentrically so that the comb teeth 9f, 10e of the electrode patterns 9, 10 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. It is arranged. By configuring in this way, the opposing surfaces of both electrode patterns 9 and 10 can be increased.

上記検出装置８を搭載したこの軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受１では、軸受空間内への水の浸入、軸受空間内に封入された潤滑剤の含水率，酸化、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の異物混入など広い範囲にわたる軸受内状況を、リアルタイムで正確に検出することができる。   In this bearing 1 equipped with the above-described detection device 8 and having a function for detecting the in-bearing condition, water enters the bearing space, the moisture content of the lubricant sealed in the bearing space, oxidation, and foreign matters in the lubricant in the bearing space. It is possible to accurately detect in-bearing conditions over a wide range such as contamination in real time.

図７は、上記した検出装置８を搭載した軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受を、鉄道車両用ユニットに用いた断面図である。この場合の鉄道車両用軸受ユニットは、軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受１Ａとその内輪３４の両側に各々接して設けられた付属部品である油切り３２および後ろ蓋３３とで構成される。軸受１Ａは、ころ軸受、詳しくは複列の円すいころ軸受からなり、各列のころ３６，３６に対して設けた分割型の内輪３４，３４と、一体型の外輪３５と、前記ころ３６，３６と、保持器３７とを備える。
後ろ蓋３３は、車軸４０に軸受１Ａよりも中央側で取付けられて外周のオイルシール３８を摺接させたものである。油切り３２は、車軸４０に取付けられて外周にオイルシール３９を摺接させたものである。これら軸受１Ａの両端部に配置される両オイルシール３８，３９により軸受１Ａの内部に潤滑剤が封止され、かつ防塵・耐水性が確保される。 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in which the bearing with the in-bearing state detection function equipped with the above-described detection device 8 is used for a railway vehicle unit. The railroad vehicle bearing unit in this case includes a bearing 1A with a bearing internal state detection function and an oil drainer 32 and a rear lid 33 which are accessory parts provided on both sides of the inner ring 34 respectively. The bearing 1A is a roller bearing, specifically, a double row tapered roller bearing. The inner ring 34, 34 provided for each row of rollers 36, 36, the outer ring 35 of an integral type, the rollers 36, 36 and a retainer 37.
The rear lid 33 is attached to the axle 40 on the center side with respect to the bearing 1 </ b> A, and is brought into sliding contact with an outer peripheral oil seal 38. The oil drain 32 is attached to the axle 40 and has an oil seal 39 slidably contacted on the outer periphery. A lubricant is sealed inside the bearing 1A by both oil seals 38 and 39 disposed at both ends of the bearing 1A, and dust and water resistance are ensured.

検出装置８の電極パターン９，１０はオイルシール３９の内側面に取付けられ、軸受１Ａの外部に設けられた検出回路１１に接続される。
上記検出装置８を搭載したこの軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受１Ａでも、軸受空間内への水の浸入、軸受空間内に封入された潤滑剤の含水率，酸化、軸受空間内の潤滑剤への異物混入など広い範囲にわたる軸受内状況を、リアルタイムで正確に検出することができる。 The electrode patterns 9 and 10 of the detection device 8 are attached to the inner surface of the oil seal 39 and are connected to a detection circuit 11 provided outside the bearing 1A.
Even in this bearing 1A equipped with the above-described detection device 8 and having a function for detecting the in-bearing condition, water enters the bearing space, the moisture content of the lubricant enclosed in the bearing space, oxidation, and the lubricant in the bearing space. It is possible to accurately detect in-bearing conditions over a wide range such as foreign matter contamination in real time.

この発明の一実施形態にかかる軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受の概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a bearing with an in-bearing state detection function according to an embodiment of the present invention. （Ａ）は同軸受における検出装置の電極パターンの一例の平面図、（Ｂ）は同断面図である。(A) is a top view of an example of the electrode pattern of the detection apparatus in the bearing, (B) is the cross-sectional view. 同検出装置の原理構成図である。It is a principle block diagram of the same detection apparatus. 同検出装置における電極パターン間に挟まれる潤滑剤の静電容量と潤滑剤の水分含有量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the electrostatic capacitance of the lubrication agent pinched | interposed between the electrode patterns in the detection apparatus, and the moisture content of a lubrication agent. （Ａ）は電極パターンの他の例の平面図、（Ｂ）は同断面図、（Ｃ）は同概略図である。(A) is the top view of the other example of an electrode pattern, (B) is the same sectional drawing, (C) is the same schematic. （Ａ）は電極パターンのさらに他の例の平面図、（Ｂ）は同断面図、（Ｃ）は部分拡大平面図である。(A) is a plan view of still another example of the electrode pattern, (B) is a sectional view thereof, and (C) is a partially enlarged plan view. この発明の他の実施形態にかかる軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受を鉄道車両用ユニットに用いた断面図である。It is sectional drawing which used the bearing with the condition detection function in a bearing concerning other embodiment of this invention for the unit for rail vehicles.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１，１Ａ…軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受
５…シール
８…検出装置
９，１０…電極パターン
１１…検出回路
１２…潤滑剤
３９…オイルシール DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A ... Bearing with a state detection function 5 ... Seal 8 ... Detection device 9, 10 ... Electrode pattern 11 ... Detection circuit 12 ... Lubricant 39 ... Oil seal

Claims (5)

軸受空間を密封するシールを設けた軸受において、前記シールの軸受空間側の面となる内側面の全面に、検出用の電極パターンを設けたことを特徴とする軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受。   A bearing provided with a seal for sealing a bearing space, wherein a detection electrode pattern is provided on the entire inner surface of the seal on the bearing space side. 請求項１において、前記電極パターンに接続された検出回路を設け、この検出回路は、軸受空間内への水の浸入を検出するものとした軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受。   2. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein a detection circuit connected to the electrode pattern is provided, and the detection circuit detects water intrusion into the bearing space. 請求項１において、前記電極パターンに接続された検出回路を設け、この検出回路は、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の含水率を検出するものとした軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受。   2. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein a detection circuit connected to the electrode pattern is provided, and the detection circuit detects a moisture content of the lubricant in the bearing space. 請求項１において、前記電極パターンに接続された検出回路を設け、この検出回路は、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の酸化を検出するものとした軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受。   2. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein a detection circuit connected to the electrode pattern is provided, and the detection circuit detects oxidation of the lubricant in the bearing space. 請求項１において、前記電極パターンに接続された検出回路を設け、この検出回路は、軸受空間内の潤滑剤の異物混入を検出するものとした軸受内状況検出機能付き軸受。
2. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein a detection circuit connected to the electrode pattern is provided, and the detection circuit detects contamination of the lubricant in the bearing space.
JP2006021109A 2006-01-30 2006-01-30 Bearing with internal condition detecting function Pending JP2007198576A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015178826A1 (en) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-26 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing
DE102016204977A1 (en) 2015-03-27 2016-09-29 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing housing
DE102016204979A1 (en) 2015-03-27 2016-09-29 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing housing
DE102016223196A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Humidity measuring module for measuring moisture in a bearing as well as sensor set and bearing arrangement
CN108533622A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-14 无锡民联汽车零部件有限公司 Automobile bearing with water inlet detection function

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015178826A1 (en) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-26 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing
CN106460921A (en) * 2014-05-19 2017-02-22 斯凯孚公司 Capacitance measurement in a bearing
US9995344B2 (en) 2014-05-19 2018-06-12 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing
DE102016204977A1 (en) 2015-03-27 2016-09-29 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing housing
DE102016204979A1 (en) 2015-03-27 2016-09-29 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing housing
US9644684B2 (en) * 2015-03-27 2017-05-09 Aktiebolaget Skf Capacitance measurement in a bearing housing
DE102016223196A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Humidity measuring module for measuring moisture in a bearing as well as sensor set and bearing arrangement
DE102016223196B4 (en) * 2016-11-23 2020-08-13 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Sensor bearing with a moisture measuring module
CN108533622A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-14 无锡民联汽车零部件有限公司 Automobile bearing with water inlet detection function

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