JP6529633B1 - Eave back ceiling material and eaves back ceiling structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve the fire resistance of an eaves back ceiling material 21 and make the base material 22 permeable to moisture and moisture, and the surface layer 30 is provided on the surface of the base material 22. Moisture is prevented from accumulating on the back side of the roof, and the appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is maintained well over a long period of time. SOLUTION: An eaves back ceiling material 21 is a base material 22 made of a volcanic glass multi-layered board, and a non-woven material formed on a surface of the base material 22 opposite to the eaves back space 5 in a construction state. A water-permeable surface layer 30 and an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 laminated on the back surface located on the eaves back space 5 side in the installed state are provided. In the aluminum multilayer sheet 24, a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 for moisture proofing is integrally bonded to the side of the base 22 of the aluminum foil 25, and pulp paper 27 for moisture proofing is integrally adhered to the side opposite to the base 22. It has a three-layer structure, and the waterproof function of the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 prevents the moisture itself from invading from the back surface to the base material 22 itself. [Selected figure] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an eaves back ceiling material and an eaves back ceiling structure on which it is constructed.

  In general, in areas where buildings are concentrated, such as in urban areas, fires can cause great damage by fire spread, and such areas are considered as fire zones or quasi fire zones, and the number of floors and total area of buildings It is obliged to build by the standard with the fireproof performance required according to.

  In the eaves back of a building, incombustible materials, such as a calcium silicate board and a slag gypsum board, are used as an eaves back ceiling material, and it is made to prevent the spread of fire by the next house.

  In order to improve the fire resistance of such an eaves, as shown in Patent Document 1 conventionally, as an eaves ceiling member applied to the eaves back, it faces the eaves back space of a base material made of calcium silicate plate etc. It has been proposed to laminate a fireproof reinforcing layer in which any one of a fireproof heat insulating layer, a heat blocking layer, and a heat absorbing layer is laminated on the back surface side. Then, an aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.2 mm is exemplified as the heat blocking layer.

  In the case of Patent Document 1, since aluminum foil is used as the heat blocking layer, the heat blocking effect of the aluminum foil makes it difficult for heat of combustion gas to be transmitted to the eaves back space at the time of fire in the next house. The effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the space and preventing the spread of the eaves is obtained.

Patent No. 5135133 gazette

  By the way, in the eaves back ceiling material, the surface located on the opposite side to the eaves back space in the construction state is a portion exposed to the outside and visible from the lower side. It is performed to provide a surface layer for makeup by pasting of a decorative sheet on which a wood grain pattern or the like is printed, or by a finish coating process.

  However, in such a case, if the base material of the eaves and back ceiling material is a calcium silicate plate or the like which allows water or the like to permeate, the following problems occur. That is, the eaves back space communicates with the shed of the building, and when the indoor water vapor moves to the eaves back space via the shed and cools, condensation water is generated in the eaves back space. In addition, outdoor moisture may infiltrate the eaves back space through a vent provided for ventilation of the eaves back space and a ventilation device. Furthermore, the eave is a part close to the roof of the building, and if the rain is insufficient, it is easy for rainwater to infiltrate the eaves back space.

  If the infiltration of water into such an eaves back space is sporadic, the water is discharged by a vent or a ventilating device, so there is no serious problem, but the infiltration of water continues and the water However, if the condition that the eaves back space is not discharged even by the vent, the ventilating device, etc. continues, the moisture will infiltrate from the back side into the base material of the eaves back ceiling material under the eaves back space. Thus, when water intrudes into the eaves and back ceiling material, the water moves downward inside the base material, but if there is a surface layer of a decorative sheet or a decorative coating on the surface, the surface layer is impermeable. The presence of water prevents the movement of moisture and the like, and the moisture and the like accumulate at the interface with the surface layer. As a result, the appearance of the surface layer may be impaired by the moisture accumulated on the back side of the surface layer, and the color change and the stretching deformation may occur, and the freezing of the accumulated moisture may cause peeling of the surface layer, etc. when excessive. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such various points, and its object is to improve the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material by adding a device to the structure of the eaves back ceiling material, while the base material is moisture and the like Even if the material is permeable and the surface of the substrate is provided with an impermeable surface layer, it prevents moisture from accumulating in the substrate on the back side of the surface layer, resulting in a good appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material It is to be able to maintain stably over a long period of time.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the base material of the eaves and back ceiling material is a non-water permeable surface layer on the surface as a volcanic glass multi-layered board which has small dimensional change and does not break when heated. On the back surface, a multilayer sheet of aluminum foil and a moisture-proof material adhered to the both sides was laminated, and the multilayer sheet was made to be a waterproof layer to the base material.

Specifically, the first invention is an eaves back ceiling material applied to the eaves back of a building, and a volcanic glassy material in which a rock wool layer is integrally laminated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer. A base material comprising a multi-layered board, a non-permeable surface layer provided on the surface opposite to the eaves back space in the installation state, and a evanescent back space side in the installation state for the base material to a aluminum double layer sheet as a waterproof layer laminated on the back surface, the aluminum double layer sheet, an aluminum foil, respectively are integrally bonded to the substrate side and the counter substrate surface of the aluminum foil, the aluminum foil have a and the substrate side and the counter substrate side moisture barrier to moisture, the surface layer comprises a non-flammable coating film made of non-flammable coating having a gas shielding effect that is applied to the surface of the substrate, that Cosmetic sheet stuck on the surface of nonflammable coating Or characterized by chromatic and decorative coating applied to the surface of the non-combustible coating.

In the first aspect of the invention , the non-combustible coating film is provided on the surface of the base material of the eaves-back ceiling material, and the decorative coating film applied on the surface of the decorative sheet or non-combustible coating film attached to the surface. An impermeable surface layer is provided, but an aluminum multilayer sheet is laminated on the back surface of the substrate, and the aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally formed on the aluminum foil and both sides of the aluminum foil. It functions as a waterproof layer by a three-layer structure having a bonded moisture-proof material. Therefore, even if the base material of the eaves back ceiling material is a material that is easy to transmit moisture such as a volcanic glass multi-layered board, the aluminum multi-layer sheet prevents itself from infiltration of moisture from the back surface into the base material. It is possible to prevent moisture from entering the substrate from the back side and accumulating between the surface layer and the appearance of the surface layer from being impaired, and the good appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material is long. It can be stably maintained over a period of time.

  In addition, the aluminum multilayer sheet laminated on the back surface of the substrate not only functions as a waterproof layer, but also functions as a heat blocking layer that blocks the combustion gas, and the heat blocking effect (gas shielding of aluminum foil) As a result, the combustion gas at the time of fire becomes less likely to be transmitted to the eaves back space, temperature rise in the eaves back space can be suppressed, and fire spread of the eaves can be prevented.

  The above-mentioned base material is a volcanic vitreous double-layered board in which a rock wool layer is integrally laminated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous sediment layer, and this volcanic vitreous double-layered board is lightweight and It has the property that it does not crack even if it is heated. That is, unlike a vitreous vitreous double-layered board, which is different from cement-based and calcium-silicate-based boards, these board-based cement-based and calcium-silicate-based boards contain free water and bound water, and the free water and bound water While the plate material is cracked as it evaporates and shrinks rapidly as it heats up during a fire, the volcanic vitreous multi-layer plate is less susceptible to the occurrence of such cracks, and its shrinkage due to heat is also small. Therefore, even if heated for a long time of 45 minutes or more at the time of fire, the base material is not broken, and the aluminum multilayer sheet (aluminum foil) on the back side is separated from the base material due to the cracking or shrinkage of the base material. Also, the possibility of the eaves back ceiling material falling off from the eaves base material is extremely low, and the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling structure can be improved without requiring a separate heat insulating material.

  In addition, since the aluminum multilayer sheet has a three-layer structure in which the substrate side and the non-base side moisture-proof material are integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil, the aluminum foil contacts surrounding moisture and moisture. This is suppressed by the substrate side and the non-substrate side moisture-proof material, and corrosion of the aluminum foil can be prevented in advance. As a result, even if a long period of time passes, the aluminum foil does not have holes due to corrosion, and its original heat blocking effect (gas blocking effect) can be reliably exhibited.

In addition, the surface layer has a non-combustible coating film made of a non-combustible coating material having a gas shielding effect applied to the surface of a substrate, and a decorative sheet or a decorative coating film provided on the surface, When the back ceiling material is constructed, the surface of the eaves ceiling is exposed to a flame such as a fire, and high temperature gas penetrates the eaves back ceiling material directly from the surface of the eaves back ceiling material and enters the eaves back space Even if it tries, the high temperature gas will be shielded by the above-mentioned nonflammable coating on the surface side of a substrate (eaves back ceiling material). This prevents the high-temperature gas from entering the eaves back space, and can suppress the rise in temperature of the eaves back space.

  A second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the substrate-side moisture-proof material is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film, and the opposite substrate-side moisture-proof material is pulp paper.

  In the second aspect of the invention, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is disposed on the substrate side of the aluminum foil, and the pulp paper is disposed on the non-substrate side. While the side can be dampproofed, the pulp paper can dampen the aluminum foil from the non-substrate side by being impregnated with the adhesive.

  Also, since the aluminum multilayer sheet is formed by integrally bonding the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and the pulp paper to the aluminum foil, it is assumed that the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and the pulp paper burn in the event of a fire. Even the spread of fire is suppressed by the integral structure with the aluminum foil. In addition, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper both generate lower heat during combustion than other resins etc., the temperature of the eaves back space will rise excessively when they burn. It can prevent and stop the spread of fire.

  The third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the aluminum multilayer sheet of the eaves / back ceiling material is integrally adhered and laminated to the back surface of the base material.

In the third invention, since the aluminum multilayer sheet is laminated in advance in a state of being integrally bonded to the back surface of the substrate, the aluminum multilayer sheet should always be handled as integrated with the substrate. It is possible to carry out the construction well .

A fourth invention relates to an eaves back ceiling structure, and the eaves back ceiling structure is characterized in that the eaves back ceiling material according to any one of the first to third inventions is constructed. In this invention as well, the same function and effect as those of the first invention can be obtained.

A fifth invention is characterized in that, in the fourth invention, a ventilating hole or a ventilating device for the eaves back space is provided.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the vent or ventilating device in the eaves back space is provided, the outside air can be circulated in the eaves back space to prevent the wood from being corroded due to the accumulation of moisture. If there is severe rain, rainwater infiltrates the back of the eaves back ceiling material, and it will be in the environment where water collects on the back of the eaves back ceiling material. Even so, the aluminum multilayer sheet can prevent the substrate from coming into contact with moisture and moisture, and it can prevent water from being accumulated in the substrate in advance, thereby reducing the appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material Can be reliably prevented.

As described above, according to the present invention , a non-combustible coating film and its surface are attached to the surface of a substrate made of a volcanic glass double-layered board as an eaves back ceiling material applied to the eaves back of a building. A water-impermeable surface layer having a decorative coating applied on the surface of the decorative sheet or the non-combustible coating, and a moisture-proof material on the substrate side and the anti-substrate side on both sides of the aluminum foil on the back side By laminating an aluminum multilayer sheet integrally bonded to each other, even if it is a substrate which is a moisture-permeable substrate such as a volcanic glassy multilayer plate, moisture infiltrates from the back surface into the substrate Can be blocked by an aluminum multi-layer sheet to prevent moisture from infiltrating from the back in the substrate from accumulating with the surface layer and impairing the appearance of the surface layer, resulting in a good appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material Maintain stable over a long period of time It can be. Moreover, the heat blocking effect of the aluminum foil prevents the combustion gas from entering the eaves back space, thereby suppressing the temperature rise of the eaves back space and preventing the fire spreading of the eaves. In addition, due to the characteristics of the base material made of the volcanic glass multi-layered board, the base material breaks even if heated for a long time at the time of fire, and the aluminum foil is detached from the base material or the eaves back ceiling material falls off. Can improve the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material. Furthermore, the aluminum multilayer sheet in which the moisture-proof material is integrally bonded to the base material side and the non-base material side of the aluminum foil, respectively, prevents the aluminum foil from coming into contact with surrounding moisture and moisture by the moisture-proof material, The corrosion of the aluminum foil can be prevented in advance for a long time, and the heat shielding effect inherent to the aluminum foil can be reliably exhibited. Thus, the fire resistance of the eaves back-ceiling material can be enhanced, and therefore, the maintenance of the good appearance finish of the eaves-back ceiling material and the fire resistance can be simultaneously achieved.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an eaves back ceiling structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the main part of the ventilation metal of the eaves back space. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the eaves back ceiling material. FIG. 4: is sectional drawing which shows roughly the state which the aluminum multilayer sheet of eaves back ceiling material is exhibiting the waterproof function with respect to a base material. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the eaves back ceiling structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention in a state where a ventilation metal is removed. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the temperature rise and state when a sample of eaves-backceiling material is heated for 45 minutes for quasi-refractory test in Test 1. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing test results according to Test 2.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The following description of the embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present invention, its applications, or its applications.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows an eaves back ceiling structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and the eaves back ceiling structure is constructed, for example, on an eave of a wooden detached house (building). This eave projects outside the outer wall W of the house, and has a rafter 2 and a rafter 2 hung around the eaves girder 1 outside the figure according to the slope of the roof as a main structure, which are made of wood materials . An eaves tip of the rafter 2, an eaves girder 1 supporting the rafter 2, a nose hide 3 disposed parallel to the eaves girder 1 outside the eaves girder 1 and fixed to the rafter 2 so as to hide its tip The eaves are composed of. On the lower side of the eaves, an eaves back space 5 having a triangular cross-sectional shape is defined and formed in a portion surrounded by the rafter 2, the eaves girder 1 and the nose cover 3. Between W and the nose cover 3) are closed by a plurality of rectangular plate-like eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21,.

  A nose hide base material 7 is attached to the tip surface of the rafter 2 on the back side (inner side) of the nose hide 3. The eaves front rim 8 is suspended and supported at the lower end part of the nose hide base material 7. ing. An eaves former edge 11 is fixed to the eaves girder 1 by means of a screw V or the like via an outer wall foundation material 10 made of a facing and an upper shell edge 9 thereon, and the eaves former edge 11 is also made of wood. As the outer wall base material 10, for example, facing materials such as "Dye light" manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd., a sheathing board, a structural plywood, an OSB and the like are used. Between the eaves front edge 8 and the eaves former edge 11 are connected a plurality of eaves attachment areas 12, 12,... Made of wood material arranged at regular intervals along the eaves girder 1. Wooden eaves base material for construction of eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21, ... by the nose hide base material 7, eaves field edge 8, eaves original field edge 11 and eaves attachment field edge 12, 12, ... Is configured.

  And, a plurality of eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21, ... are arranged in the width direction without gap between each other in the opening 5a of the eaves back space 5, and the peripheral portion of each is fixed by nails, screws or the like It fixes to upper eaves attachment field edge 12 and eaves field edge 8 with (not shown), and, thereby, eaves back ceiling material 21 is constructed on eaves back. An inner wall foundation 13 is constructed on the indoor side of the eaves girder 1, and the inner wall foundation 13 is made of, for example, facing materials such as "Dyelight" manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd., gypsum board, plywood, etc. An interior wall is formed by sticking a cloth or a decorative board on the wall. Moreover, in FIG. 1, 14 is an indoor ceiling material.

  The inner end of each of the eaves back ceiling materials 21 is constructed with a gap between the eaves back ceiling material 21 and the outer wall W, and the eaves back space 5 is provided in the eaves base between the eaves back ceiling material 21 and the outer wall W. A ventilation metal 15 (ventilating device) is provided for ventilation. The ventilation metal 15 has a metal body 16 made of, for example, a galvanized steel sheet or a stainless steel sheet extending along the direction in which the eaves back ceiling material is arranged. The metal body 16 extends horizontally and is mounted and fixed to the upper end of the outer wall W at the inner end, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2, and the outer end of the lower horizontal portion 16a. And an inner vertical wall portion 16b extending upward from the portion. At the upper end of the inner vertical wall portion 16b, an upper horizontal portion 16c which extends horizontally outward and then is folded back and extends horizontally inward is continued, and at this upper horizontal portion 16c, the metal body 16 is exposed It is attached and fixed in the state pinched | interposed between the eaves attachment field edge 12 and the eaves back ceiling material 21 with respect to the attachment field edge 12. Connected to the inner end of the lower portion of the upper horizontal portion 16c is an outer longitudinal wall 16d extending obliquely inward toward the lower side, and the lower end of the outer longitudinal wall 16d is The parting part 16e bent so as to extend upward and then extend outward is connected. The parting portion 16e extends outward at the same height position as the lower horizontal portion 16a, and the outer end portion (tip portion) thereof approaches or abuts on the lower surface of the eaves back ceiling member 21. A plurality of ventilation holes 17, 17, ... are formed through the upper horizontal portion 16c located between the inner vertical wall portion 16b and the outer vertical wall portion 16d along the length direction of the hardware main body 16 The space between the ventilation hole 17 and the space between the inner and outer vertical wall portions 16b and 16d is used as the ventilation passage 18 to ventilate the eaves back space 5 with the outside space (atmosphere).

  Further, in the upper and lower intermediate portions of the inner vertical wall portion 16b of the above-mentioned hardware main body 16, a recessed groove portion 16f opened toward the outer vertical wall portion 16d is formed. A foam material 19 made of expanded graphite or the like, which is expanded (foamed) at a predetermined temperature (for example, 180 ° C.) or more and filled in the ventilation passage 18, is filled in the recessed groove portion 16f. By closing the ventilation passage 18 by the expansion 19, it is possible to prevent the flame and the high temperature gas from entering the eaves back space 5 via the ventilation passage 18.

  It is needless to say that the ventilating hardware 15 is an example, and ventilating hardware having another structure can be used.

  Each of the eaves back ceiling materials 21 has a rectangular plate-like base material 22 and the back surface side of the base material 22, that is, the eaves back space 5 side in the installation state of the eaves back ceiling structure, as shown in FIG. The aluminum multilayer sheet 24 laminated in a state of being integrally adhered to the upper side by an adhesive, and the surface side of the base material 22, that is, the opposite side of the eaves back space 5 in the installation state of the eaves back ceiling structure And a non-permeable surface layer 30 integrally formed on the lower side thereof. The adhesive for bonding the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 to the substrate 22 is, for example, a urethane resin.

The base material 22 is made of a volcanic glass multi-layered board (for example, "Dyelight" manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and has a property of easily transmitting moisture, humidity, gas or gas. Specifically, the volcanic vitreous multilayer board is a multilayer board having a thickness of 12 mm, for example, in which the rock wool layers 22b and 22b are integrally laminated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a. In each of the layers 22a and 22b, aluminum hydroxide is mixed as an inorganic powder. The base material 22 has a density of, for example, 0.5 to 0.9 g / cm ³ . In addition, as for the thickness of the base material 22, 9-18 mm is preferable.

  The above-mentioned aluminum multilayer sheet 24 functions as a waterproof layer for the base material 22 and is a base material side moisture-proof material integrally bonded to the aluminum foil 25 and the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 by an adhesive. Three-layer structure of polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and pulp paper 27 as a non-substrate side moisture-proof material integrally bonded by an adhesive on the opposite side (non-substrate side) of aluminum foil 25 to substrate 22 It consists of a sheet of

The aluminum foil 25 functions as a heat blocking material, and its thickness is, for example, as thin as 0.025 to 0.035 mm, and its weight is about 72.9 to 89.1 g / m ² . The reason for making the aluminum foil 25 thinner in this way is that the volcanic vitreous double-layered board which is the base material 22 laminated in the bonded state is not easily cracked and is excellent in dimensional stability, and has a specific gravity compared to a rock wool board etc. Since the substrate 22 is high in strength and high in strength, there is very little possibility that the substrate 22 will be broken and the high temperature combustion gas will infiltrate from that part to cause holes in the aluminum foil 25. However, considering that the thermal conductivity of aluminum is extremely high, it is possible to reduce the heat transmitted to the back of the eaves as thin as possible.

  Further, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 adhered to the base 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 and the pulp paper 27 adhered to the non-base side both inhibit the influence of moisture on the aluminum foil 25. , The aluminum foil 25 is intended to prevent corrosion by moisture (moisture).

The polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 has a thickness of, for example, about 0.012 mm and a weight of, for example, about 17.0 g / m ² .

On the other hand, the pulp paper 27 has a thickness of, for example, about 0.033 mm and a weight of, for example, about 0.6 to 23.0 g / m ² .

  The adhesive for bonding the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 (base side moisture proofing material) and the pulp paper 27 (non base side moisture proofing material) to the aluminum foil 25 has moisture proofness, for example, urethane resin series. Adhesive is used.

  The surface layer 30 on the surface of the substrate 22 is integrated with an incombustible coating film 31 applied to the surface of the substrate 22 and an adhesive on the surface of the noncombustible coating film 31 (surface opposite to the substrate 22). And the non-combustible coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32 are both made of an impermeable material.

  The noncombustible coating film 31 is made of a noncombustible paint having a gas shielding effect. That is, the nonflammable coating 31 has a gas shielding effect (gas barrier effect) and is formed by applying a nonflammable coating having the same effect on the surface of the substrate 22. In order to enhance the adhesion of the noncombustible coating 31 to the substrate 22, after forming an undercoating with an undercoating on the surface of the base 22, the noncombustible coating 31 is formed on the undercoating. It is desirable to form.

  The noncombustible coating film 31 (noncombustible coating material) includes, for example, a layered clay mineral having a swelling property which is swelled in water as the coating material is formed, and a resin for fixing the same. That is, as the layered clay mineral, for example, layered clay minerals (silicate minerals) having high swelling properties such as vermiculite and bentonite are used. The swelling property of this layered clay mineral is preferably, for example, 20 ml / 2 g or more in the swelling test of the 15th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia.

  The composition ratio of the layered clay mineral in the noncombustible paint is preferably 20 to 80% by weight. If the amount is less than 20% by weight, the non-combustible performance is lowered and the function is not exhibited. If the amount is more than 80% by weight, it is relatively difficult for the resin to enter.

  On the other hand, as the resin, for example, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin or the like is used. The composition ratio of this resin is preferably 20 to 50% by weight. If the amount is less than 20% by weight, the strength of the coating is too low and the coating is peeled off. If the amount is more than 50% by weight, the resin as the flammable material is relatively increased relatively and the nonflammability can not be ensured. .

  In addition, about 0 to 60% by weight of an inorganic powder such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, aluminum hydroxide or the like may be added to the noncombustible paint as an extender or a colorant.

The application amount of the noncombustible paint may be, for example, about 30 to 150 g / m ^{2 in} solid content, and can be appropriately selected according to the design. If the coating amount is too small, the non-combustible effect can not be obtained, and if it is too large, the coating becomes difficult.

  The mechanism by which the noncombustible coating film 31 (noncombustible coating material) shields gases and gases will be described schematically. The particles of clay mineral have many layers of flakes layered, and water is added when it is made into a coating When the clay mineral particles are absorbed in the paint, the clay mineral particles absorb water and swell, and the layer of the flake component spreads, and the flake component (layer) gets in between the other flake components (layer) as it is mixed. When this paint is applied to the surface (and the back surface) of the base material 22 and dried with a dryer, the thin film components (interlayers) shrink and become narrow, and the thin film components of the particles enter and interlock with each other. Even if it is fixed by the resin and the flammable high temperature gas tries to permeate between the particles, it is shielded by the interlocked flake component, and the gas shielding effect can be obtained. The noncombustible coating film 31 is not broken even if it gets wet.

  On the other hand, the decorative sheet 32 attached to the surface of the non-combustible coating film 31 is printed with, for example, a grain pattern on the surface, and is used to finish the design of the surface of the eaves back ceiling 21 with high designability. For example, it is stuck by a urethane resin adhesive. Specifically, the decorative sheet 30 is made of, for example, resin reinforced paper, and its thickness is, for example, about 0.1 mm.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the eaves back ceiling member 21 has the surface layer 30 having the non-combustible coating 31 and the decorative sheet 32 formed on the surface of the base material 22. In the state of construction applied to the eaves base material below the eaves back space 5 of the building, when the eaves back ceiling member 21 is viewed from the lower side, the decorative sheet 32 on the surface achieves a high design finish.

  And since the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 consists of a volcanic vitreous double layer board which is easy to permeate moisture, the indoor water vapor which moved via the shed of the building in the eaves back space 5 is cold Water will enter the back space 5 through the ventilation hardware 15 for ventilation, or rain water will enter the back space 5 due to insufficient rain on the eaves. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, those moisture wts tend to intrude from the back surface into the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 under the eaves back space 5. However, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated in a bonded state on the back surface of the base material 22, and the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is integrally bonded to the aluminum foil 25 and both sides of the aluminum foil 25. It has a terephthalate resin film 26 and pulp paper 27, and functions as a waterproof layer by the three-layer structure including the aluminum foil 25. Therefore, even if the base material 22 is a volcanic glassy multi-layer board that easily transmits moisture, the aluminum multi-layer sheet 24 can prevent the phenomenon that the moisture wt infiltrates from the back surface into the base material 22. become. As a result, the moisture wt does not infiltrate into the base material 22 from the back surface and is not accumulated at the interface with the impermeable surface layer 30, and the appearance of the surface layer 30 is prevented from being impaired, and the eaves back The good appearance finish of the ceiling material 21 can be stably maintained over a long period of time.

  Moreover, since the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is a volcanic vitreous double-layered board, it can be easily cut and its processability is good, and even if a stopper penetrates the peripheral part There is no cracking, and excellent workability can be obtained.

  Further, the eaves back ceiling material 21 to be applied to the lower side of the eaves back space 5 of the building in this way is an aluminum multi-layer sheet 24 including the aluminum foil 25 laminated on the back surface of the base 22. The material 22 (volcanic vitreous multilayer board) is a material through which the combustion gas passes through (permeates not only moisture but also gas) at the time of fire, etc., and even if the combustion gas tries to pass to the back side of the substrate 22, The aluminum foil 25 functions as a heat blocking layer for blocking the combustion gas, and the heat blocking effect (gas blocking effect) of the aluminum foil 25 makes it difficult for the combustion gas and its heat to be transmitted to the eaves back space 5 at the time of fire. It is possible to prevent the spread of the eaves by suppressing the rise of the wooden eaves base material to the ignition temperature and the rise of the temperature of the eaves back space 5.

  The base material 22 is a lightweight volcanic vitreous multilayer board in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are integrally laminated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a. And, if the base material is a plate material of cement type or calcium silicate type, since these plate materials contain free water or bound water, the free water or bound water evaporates rapidly with heating at the time of fire. The shrinkage causes the plate to crack. On the other hand, unlike the cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate, the base material 22 made of this volcanic glass-like multi-layered board is less likely to cause cracking like the cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate, and heat Since shrinkage due to heat is also small, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 on the back side is detached due to cracking, shrinkage, etc. due to heating of the base material 22, or the nonflammable coating 31 in the surface layer 30 is cracked or peeled off Or, the possibility of the substrate 22 falling off is extremely low. As a result, the heat blocking function of the aluminum foil 25 and the gas blocking function of the nonflammable coating 31 in the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 can be stabilized even if the eaves back ceiling member 21 is heated for 45 minutes or more during a fire. Can be maintained. Therefore, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material 21 can be improved without requiring a separate heat insulating material.

  In addition, since aluminum hydroxide is mixed in the volcanic glass multi-layered board as the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21, the crystal water is thermally decomposed and released during heat generation, and the temperature rise is caused by the endothermic reaction. It can be lowered.

  Then, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 adhered to the back surface of the base material 22 made of this volcanic glassy multilayer plate is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 as a base side moisture-proof material on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25. In addition, since the pulp paper 27 is integrally bonded to the non-substrate side as a non-substrate side moisture-proof material, even if the aluminum foil 25 tries to contact the surrounding moisture or moisture, it is polyethylene terephthalate resin based Pulp that is suppressed by the film 26 and the pulp paper 27 and can protect the aluminum foil 25 from the base 22 side by the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and is impregnated with the urethane resin adhesive having moisture resistance from the non-base side. The paper 27 can be moisture proof. Moreover, since the adhesive for bonding the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 to the aluminum foil 25 is also moisture proof, for example, urethane resin, the aluminum foil 25 is also moisture proofed by the adhesive. Ru. As a result, the corrosion of the aluminum foil 25 can be effectively prevented in advance, and even if a long period of time has passed after construction, the aluminum foil 25 does not have holes due to the corrosion, and its inherent heat shielding effect It can be made to exhibit reliably at time etc.

  Furthermore, since the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is one in which the polyethylene terephthalate resin-based film 26 and the pulp paper 27 are integrated with the aluminum foil 25 by adhesion with an adhesive, the polyethylene terephthalate resin-based film should be Even if 26 or pulp paper 27 burns, the structure in which they are integrated with the aluminum foil 25 suppresses further fire spreading. Moreover, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 both have lower calorific value at the time of combustion than other resins etc. (for example, the polyethylene terephthalate resin is about 5500 kcal / kg, and the paper is about 5000 kcal / kg) On the other hand, polyethylene resin is about 11000 kcal / kg, polypropylene resin is about 11100 kcal / kg), it is possible to prevent the temperature of eaves back space 5 from rising excessively when these are burned, thereby spreading fire. You can stop it.

  In addition, since the surface layer 30 provided on the surface of the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 has the non-combustible coating film 31 made of non-combustible paint having a gas shielding effect, the eaves back ceiling material 21 is applied In such a case, the surface of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is exposed to a flame such as a fire, and a high temperature gas directly penetrates the eaves back ceiling material 21 from the surface of the eaves back ceiling material 21 and enters the eaves back space 5 Even if (the decorative sheet 32 burns and disappears), the high temperature gas is shielded by the nonflammable coating 31 on the surface side of the base material 22 (eaves back ceiling material 21). This prevents the high temperature gas from entering the space 5 at the back of the eaves, and the temperature rise of the space 5 at the back of the eaves can be further suppressed.

  And the eaves back ceiling material 21 is a thing of the structure by which the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 containing the aluminum foil 25 is previously laminated | stacked by adhesion | attachment on the back surface side (upper side) of the base material 22, For the purpose of improving the fire resistance, the eaves back-ceiling material itself is used as a base material, and the structure is different from a structure in which an aluminum foil is laminated on the back surface. That is, in the case of laminating the aluminum foil on the back surface using the eaves-back ceiling material itself as the base material, the aluminum foil is not damaged during construction (this failure eliminates the waterproof effect and heat blocking effect of the aluminum foil). If the non-adhesion part where aluminum foil needs to be adhered and installed over the whole material and aluminum foil partially does not adhere to the substrate, and if a crack occurs in the eaves back ceiling material at the time of fire, it will be from the non-adhesion part Combustion gas (flame) will intrude. However, since the handling property of a thin aluminum foil of about 0.03 mm as in the present embodiment is low, such construction becomes substantially difficult. If it is made to laminate using aluminum thin plate with a certain thickness instead of aluminum foil for handling property, then it becomes difficult for nails and screws to penetrate the aluminum thin plate at the time of construction, Construction is reduced.

  On the other hand, in the eaves back ceiling material 21 according to the present embodiment, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including the aluminum foil 25 is integrally laminated in advance on the back surface side of the base material 22 made of the volcanic vitreous multilayer plate. Therefore, while using the thin aluminum foil 25, the handleability of the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is enhanced, there is almost no room for the problems as described above to occur, and the installation of the eaves back ceiling material 21 becomes easy. There is a big advantage over the structure which carries out adhesion construction of aluminum foil on the back side by using eaves back ceiling material itself as a substrate.

  Moreover, since the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 of the eaves and back ceiling material 21 is laminated in advance in a state of being integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material 22 with an adhesive, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is always the base material 22. It will be handled in the integrated state, and the construction of the eaves back ceiling material 21 can be performed better.

  Incidentally, according to the present invention, specifically, a substrate having a thickness of 12 mm comprising a volcanic vitreous multilayer plate in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are integrally laminated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a. An aluminum multilayer in which a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 is adhered to the back side of an aluminum foil 25 having a thickness of 0.03 mm and a pulp paper 27 is adhered to the back side by a urethane resin adhesive. The eaves back ceiling structure in which the single eaves back ceiling material 21 to which the sheet 24 is adhered is constructed, the qualification of the eaves back semi-refractory structure for 45 minutes is obtained.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 5 shows an eaves back ceiling structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention (note that the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as in FIGS. 1 to 3 and detailed description thereof is omitted) The ventilation structure has been changed.

  In this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the ventilating hardware 15 is applied to an intermediate portion between the eaves and the eaves at the eaves. The plurality of eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21,... Are arranged so that the length direction is along the eaves front edge 8 and eaves original edge 11, and the eaves front edge 8 and eaves original edge 11 and eaves It is attached and fixed over the mounting field edge 12. There is a space between adjacent eaves and back ceiling members 21, 21 and a ventilation metal 15 is disposed at this space. The ventilation metal 15 has a metal body 16 made of an elongated plate material having a substantially hat-shaped cross section having a recessed groove portion 16f recessed toward the upper side in the width direction middle portion, and the groove width of the groove bottom side of the recessed groove portion 16f is a groove It has a dovetail shape wider than the opening side. And in the state which inserted the outer surface of the ditch part 16f into the space between the eaves back ceiling materials 21 and 21 and pressed the end part of the eaves back ceiling material 21 in the width direction both ends other than the ditch part 16f. , And are screwed to the eaves mounting edge 12 at both ends and the middle in the longitudinal direction with a screw V. Further, a plurality of ventilation holes (not shown in FIG. 5) are formed in the bottom of the concave groove portion 16f in a row along the longitudinal direction of the concave groove portion 16f. Ventilated between the atmosphere). The longitudinal direction both end portions of the recessed groove portion 16 f are closed by an end cap (not shown) attached to one end portion of the hardware main body 16. The other configurations of the eaves back ceiling material 21 and the eaves back ceiling structure are the same as in the first embodiment.

  Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, even in the eaves back-ceiling structure in which the ventilating hardware 15 is in the middle part of the eaves, the same function and effect as those of the first embodiment can be achieved.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, the water impermeable surface layer 30 provided on the surface of the substrate 22 has a composite structure of the noncombustible coating 31 and the decorative sheet 32. It may be a composite structure of the membrane 31 and a non-permeable decorative coating film formed on the surface thereof by coating .

  In each of the above embodiments, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 has the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 as the substrate side moisture proof material on the side of the base 22 of the aluminum foil 25 and the opposite substrate side moisture proof on the side opposite to the substrate. The paper has a three-layer structure in which pulp paper 27 as a material is integrally bonded by an adhesive, but, conversely, pulp paper 27 is on the side of base 22 of aluminum foil 25 and polyethylene terephthalate resin is on the other side. The base film 26 may be integrally bonded by an adhesive. Alternatively, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 or 26 or the pulp paper 27 or 27 may be adhered to both the substrate side and the opposite substrate side of the aluminum foil 25. Furthermore, as the moistureproof material on the side of the base and the side opposite to the base, materials other than the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 can be used.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the eaves back ceiling material 21 is integrally laminated on the back surface of the base material 22 made of a volcanic vitreous multilayer board in which the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is bonded and integrated. Alternatively, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 may have a structure that is simply laminated on the back surface of the base material 22. That is, for example, in a construction site, a structure in which the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is not simply adhered to the back surface of the base material 22 but is simply stacked is laminated, or the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is stuck on the back surface of the base material 22 It is good also as a structure laminated | stacked in the state. In this case, although the function and effect by the structure in which the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is integrally laminated on the back surface of the base material 22 in an adhesive state can not be exhibited, other function and effect can be obtained.

  Furthermore, although the ventilating hardware 16 for ventilating the eaves back space 5 of the eaves back ceiling structure is provided in each of the above embodiments, the ventilating apparatus of another structure may be used, or the eaves may be provided. The back space 5 may be ventilated.

  Next, the Example implemented concretely regarding the fireproof performance of the eaves back ceiling material is described.

[Test 1]
(Example)
The base material of the eaves-backing material is a 12 mm thick volcanic glass multi-layer board in which 2.5 mm thick rock wool layers are integrally laminated on both sides of the 7 mm thick volcanic glassy deposit layer. ("Dailight" manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) The aluminum multilayer sheet has a 0.012 mm thick polyethylene terephthalate resin film bonded to one side of a 0.03 mm thick aluminum foil, and a 0.033 mm thick pulp paper bonded to a urethane resin based film to the other side. It was a composite sheet of a three-layer structure integrally bonded by an agent. Then, this aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally adhered to the back surface of the substrate with a urethane resin adhesive so that the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is on the substrate side and the pulp paper is on the opposite side of the substrate. It was a sample of the eaves back ceiling material. The density of this eaves back ceiling material was 0.6 g / cm ³ .

(Comparative example 1)
In the examples, it is assumed that there is no aluminum multilayer sheet, and a 12 mm thick volcanic glass multilayer board itself is used as a sample of the eaves back ceiling material.

(Comparative example 2)
A calcium silicate board with a thickness of 14 mm is used as the base material, the same aluminum multilayer sheet as in the example is used on the back side, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is on the base side, and the pulp paper is on the opposite side. Were bonded integrally with an adhesive to make a sample of the eaves back ceiling material. The density of this eaves back ceiling material was 1.1 g / cm ³ .

  The flame of the burner was continuously applied to the samples of the example and the comparative examples 1 and 2 from the surface side of the substrate to conduct a quasi fire resistance test. The temperature of the sample 45 minutes after the start of the test at that time and its state are shown in FIG.

  As is apparent from FIG. 6, in the embodiment in which the aluminum multilayer sheet is adhered to the back surface of the base made of the volcanic glass multi-layered board, the temperature rise is low even after 45 minutes, and the base is cracked. There is no dropout due to Although Comparative Example 1 of the volcanic glassy multi-layered board itself does not come off due to cracking as in the example, the temperature is higher than that of the example. And in the comparative example 2 whose base material is a calcium silicate board, even if the aluminum multilayer sheet of the example is adhered to the back surface, the base material is broken and dropped off, and the heat blocking effect of the aluminum multilayer sheet I can not use it. Thus, as in the present invention, in the eaves and back ceiling material, the heat insulating function of the aluminum foil is stabilized by integrally bonding the aluminum multilayer sheet to the back surface of the volcanic glassy laminate as the base material. It can be seen that the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material can be improved.

[Test 2]
In addition, the back side (surface facing the eaves back space side) of a 12 mm thick base material consisting of a volcanic glass double layer board in which a rock wool layer is integrally laminated on both sides of the volcanic glass layer is used. The layer sheets were bonded together. At that time, the aluminum multi-layer sheet is a test piece of “Even back sheet” eaves material where the moistureproof polyethylene terephthalate resin film is adhered to the aluminum foil substrate side and the pulp paper is adhered to the opposite substrate side. And, conversely, two kinds of test samples of "Even back film" eaves material made by adhering pulp paper to the substrate side of aluminum foil and polyethylene terephthalate resin based film to the opposite substrate side did. With any type, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film has a specific gravity of 1.4 and a thickness of 12 μm, and has a weight of 17 g / m ² . On the other hand, pulp paper used a thin paper of 23 g / m ^{2 in} basis weight.

  The eaves back-ceiling structure used for the fire resistance test was constructed by a wooden frame construction method, and a standard plate consisting of a fiber-containing calcium silicate board with a thickness of 8 mm was provided in the part facing the hut back The outer coating was made by laminating two 25-mm thick fiber-containing calcium silicate boards, and the indoor coating was a gypsum board with a thickness of 12.5 mm. The eaves roof had a slope of 3/10, and two 45-mm-thick rafters and a 25-mm-thick fiber-containing calcium silicate board were stacked and ground. A 45 x 45 mm field edge is constructed in a grid on a rafter and fixed with a steel nail of 65 mm in length, and in this field edge, the above-mentioned "eaves backing paper" epen sample test piece or "eaves back film" eaves The test specimen of the top material was fixed with a 38 mm long stainless steel nail. The nose hide consists of a 130 x 30 mm wooden base and two 25 mm thick fiber-containing calcium silicate boards stacked and stretched. The width of the eaves is 1820 mm, the eaves 500 mm, the height to the ceiling surface of the eaves is 1800 mm, the tree species is rice and pine, and the tree species of the other parts (rafters, field rims, base material for nose coverings) is rice and pine Or it was rice bran.

  Then, with the hot junctions of the thermocouple for measuring the temperature being arranged at three places on the non-heating surface of the standard plate, the lower surface of the test body is heated and the temperature when heating for 45 minutes is continued by the thermocouple It measured every one minute. In this way, we show the data of temperature rise change when heat burning test of the eaves back quasi-refractory structure for 45 minutes is done for each eaves material of "eaves back paper" and "eaves back film" in this way It shows in 7. In the figure, the unit of the column of elapsed time is "minute". The other columns all show temperature, and the unit is "° C". The column of temperature difference shows the value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the eaves backing material from the eaves material of the eaves backing film.

  It should be noted that neither the eaves backing paper nor the eaves backing film had any flame sprays continuing for more than 10 seconds on the non-heated side of the standard plate during heating. The judgment conditions of no fire continued for more than 10 seconds on the non-heated surface, and no damage to the flame through the standard plate were satisfied.

  As apparent from FIG. 7, when comparing the temperature changes of the eaves backing materials of “eaves back paper” and “eaves back film”, the temperature when reaching 45 minutes for each is lower than the reference value (140 ° C.) It has become.

  In both cases, except for a part of the initial stage of heating, the temperature of the eaves backing paper is lower than the temperature of the eaves backing film eaves material, and for 45 minutes, it is 7. There is a temperature difference of 4 ° C. Considering the reason why this temperature difference occurs, the calorific value of the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is about 5500 kcal, while the pulp paper is about 3200 kcal, which is about 30% different. In addition, since all the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is a resin component, the film burns completely, whereas the pulp paper (thin paper) contains inorganic components, so the calorific value decreases. Specifically, pulp paper contains a filler, which is a chemical that improves the whiteness, opacity, formation, surface smoothness of the paper, and prevents ink loss during printing. It consists of natural or synthetic white pigments such as (clay and clay), kaolin, calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide. In high quality paper, the filler is used at a weight of about 10% with respect to dry pulp. That is, the paper contains not only the raw material wood but also the inorganic matter. And the above-mentioned temperature difference has arisen due to the difference in calorific value of such polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper, and the temperature of the "back sheet of the eaves" eaves material of the eaves "the back of the epen film" eaves It is lower than that and is superior in terms of fire resistance performance.

  Therefore, as in the present invention, the eaves back ceiling material having a structure in which an aluminum multilayer sheet in which polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper are disposed on both sides of aluminum foil is laminated on eaves back ceiling structure The fireproof of the eaves back ceiling structure can be made high.

  The present invention prevents the retention of water on the back side of the surface layer, even if the base material of the eaves and back ceiling material is a material that transmits moisture and moisture and the surface of the substrate is provided with a non-water permeable surface layer. Since it is possible to maintain the good appearance finish of the eaves and back ceiling material, it is extremely useful and highly industrially applicable.

5 back space 15 ventilation hardware (ventilating equipment)
Reference Signs List 21 eaves 22 base material 22a volcanic glassy deposit layer 22b rock wool layer 24 aluminum multilayer sheet 25 aluminum foil 26 polyethylene terephthalate resin film 27 pulp paper 30 surface layer 31 noncombustible coating film 32 decorative sheet wt moisture

Claims (5)

Eaves back ceiling material to be constructed in the eaves of the building,
A substrate comprising a volcanic glassy multi-layered board in which a rock wool layer is laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer;
A non-permeable surface layer provided on the surface of the above-mentioned base material opposite to the eaves back space in the installed state;
And an aluminum multi-layer sheet as a waterproof layer laminated on the back surface located on the eaves back space side in the construction state in the above-mentioned base material,
The aluminum multilayer sheet has an aluminum foil, and a substrate side and an anti-base side moisture-proof material which are integrally bonded to the base side and the anti-base side of the aluminum foil, respectively , to protect the aluminum foil from moisture. And
The surface layer is a nonflammable coating comprising a nonflammable coating having a gas shielding effect applied to the surface of a substrate, a decorative sheet attached to the surface of the nonflammable coating, or a nonflammable coating soffit ceiling material, which comprises organic and decorative coating applied to the surface. In claim 1,
The substrate side moisture proof material is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film,
An eaves back ceiling material characterized in that the anti-base material side moisture-proof material is pulp paper. In claim 1 or 2,
An eaves back ceiling material characterized in that the aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally adhered and laminated on the back surface of the base material. An eaves back ceiling structure characterized in that the eaves back ceiling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is constructed. In claim 4 ,
An eaves back ceiling structure characterized in that a vent or ventilating device for the eaves back space is provided.

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