JP2008038556A - Ventilation wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation wall structure having a heat shielding function, a heat insulation function, a humidity discharging function, a gas discharging function, a dew proof function, and a waterproof function. <P>SOLUTION: In this ventilation wall structure, a vertical outer wall member A in which a synthetic resin foam body C1 is used as a core C and in which a recess A1 is formed on the rear surface is mounted on a wall backing material α to form a ventilation passage γ between the outer wall member A and the wall backing material α. The acting width W of the outer wall member A is adapted to the pitch P of a skeleton 3. A groove D1 is vertically formed in the rear surface of the outer wall member A in contact with the wall backing material α. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation wall structure having a heat insulation function, a heat insulation function, a moisture exhaust function, an exhaust function, a dew condensation prevention function, a waterproof function, and the like.

  When the wall is hermetically sealed, there is no place for water vapor to escape, and condensation occurs on the back of the outer wall material or on the wall if the outside air temperature is low. Therefore, a method of providing an air layer with a thickness of about 20 mm between the outer wall material and the housing in order to discharge water vapor in the wall to the outside air to prevent internal dew condensation and to discharge moisture that has soaked into the base and pillars to the outside air. A so-called aeration method has been developed. Originally, the ventilation method is a method for preventing dew condensation in the wall. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 6).

JP 09-119175 A JP 09-144152 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241427 JP 11-293801 A JP 2000-291169 A JP 2003-328460 A

  However, Patent Documents 1 to 6 discharge moisture, but the ceramic industry outer wall material has a large specific gravity, so it accumulates heat and has a property of gradually releasing heat, releasing heat at night, and comfortable It was not possible to form a comfortable living space, and energy loss and cost were increased. Moreover, in order to prevent the leakage of ceramic outer wall materials, a ventilation method is often adopted, and many people are now considering it as a method for finishing rain.

  In order to solve such drawbacks, the present invention attaches a vertical outer wall material having a synthetic resin foam as a core material and a recess on the back side to the wall base, thereby providing a ventilation path between the outer wall material and the wall base. In the wall structure in which the outer wall material is formed, the working width of the outer wall material is formed corresponding to the pitch of the housing, and a ventilation wall structure is provided in which a groove is provided vertically on the back surface of the outer wall material in contact with the wall base.

  The ventilation wall structure according to the present invention has (1) an exhaust function for releasing moisture, contaminated air, waste heat, etc. in the wall to the outdoors. (2) The moisture of the base and pillar can be released outdoors. (3) The air passage functions as an air layer and can make use of heat insulation. (4) The waterproofness can be maintained. (5) No condensation occurs in the air passage (wall). (6) Since condensation does not occur, it is difficult for the enclosure to decay. (7) The outer wall material in which the air passage (air layer) is formed functions as a heat insulating material. (8) Since the outer wall material functions as a heat insulating material, the cooling efficiency in summer and the heating efficiency in winter can be improved. (9) Due to the heat insulating property of the outer wall material, the temperatures of the back surface and the wall of the outer wall material are kept high, and the occurrence of internal condensation is further suppressed. (10) Since the outer wall material formed with the working width corresponding to the pitch of the frame of the wall base is used, it is not necessary to form a horizontal trunk edge on the wall base, and the cost is reduced and the workability is improved. (11) Since the core material of the outer wall material is formed of a synthetic resin foam, it accumulates daytime heat and does not dissipate heat at night as when a ceramic outer wall material is used as a conventional outer wall material. In summer, air-conditioner cooling efficiency is improved, and in winter, heating efficiency is improved, saving energy and reducing costs. (12) By providing a groove vertically on the back surface of the outer wall material in contact with the wall base, there is no condensation on the outer wall material and under the wall, and even if it occurs, the groove will vent the condensation. Functions as a road. There are features and effects.

  The ventilation wall structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a vent wall structure according to the present invention, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing the air flow of the vent wall structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vent wall structure according to the present invention. FIGS. 3A and 3B are explanatory views showing an example of the outer wall material A used in the vent wall structure according to the present invention. In the figure, α is a wall base, β is a fixture such as a nail, γ is an air passage, and γ1 is exhaust air. The exhaust air γ1 is moisture, polluted air, waste heat, etc. and should be exhausted outdoors.

As an example of the wall base α, the interior material 1, a moisture-proof layer 2 such as a polyethylene sheet (indicated by a one-dot chain line), a main body 3 such as a main pillar and a stud, and a heat insulating material 4 such as glass wool formed between the main bodies 3 are formed. Is. Note that the frame 3 includes a wooden shaft method, a wooden frame method (two-by-four method), a steel shaft method, and the like.

  5 is a wind-proof and moisture-permeable layer (indicated by a two-dot chain line), a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (nonwoven fabric that passes only moisture without passing through wind and rain), or a moisture-permeable waterproof board (a highly moisture-permeable sizing board, sizing insulation) Board, etc.) and formed from a member having moisture permeability, windproof property, waterproof property, and the like.

  A is an outer wall material, which is a member having functions such as heat insulation, heat insulation, waterproofness, airtightness, weather resistance, etc. For example, a metal-based outer wall material as shown in FIG. Therefore, it also functions as the air passage forming member 6 that forms the air passage γ. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (b), if the formation pitch of the casing 3 is P and the working width of the outer wall material A is W, W = P or W = n × P (n is a positive integer). The working width W of the outer wall material A is formed corresponding to the formation pitch P of the housing 3. Specifically, the dimensions of W and P are 455 mm (1 scale 5 dimensions), 910 mm (3 scales), 500 mm, 1000 mm, and the like.

  Thus, by forming the working width W of the outer wall material A corresponding to the formation pitch P of the housing 3, the outer wall material A can be installed vertically without forming a fixed base such as a trunk edge on the housing 3. The air passage γ is also continuously formed from the base toward the eaves. Of course, even when a heat insulating material such as a board is formed on the wall base α, the location of the housing 3 can be specified by the fixing position of the board, so that the construction of the outer wall material A is not hindered.

  More specifically, the outer wall material A is a vertically stretched metal outer wall material formed integrally from a surface material B, a core material C, and a back material D, and is a long plate material having a male-female connection structure at the end ( 8 scale, 9.5 scale, 10 scale, 12 scale, 12.5 scale, 18 scale, 24 scale, 3 m, 3.8 m, 4 m, 6 m, etc.).

  The surface material B and the back material D are thin metal plates such as iron, aluminum, copper, stainless steel, titanium, aluminum / zinc alloy plated steel plate, galvalume steel plate, enamel steel plate, clad steel plate, laminated steel plate (PVC steel plate, etc.), sandwich steel plate (control) Corrugated steel sheets, etc.), vinyl chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, etc. (including color plates coated with various colors, of course) formed into various shapes by roll molding, press molding, extrusion molding, etc., or inorganic materials Are formed into various arbitrary shapes by extrusion molding, press molding, autoclave nurturing and the like.

Further, as the back material D, aluminum vapor-deposited paper, kraft paper, asphalt felt, metal foil (Al, Fe, Pb, Cu), synthetic resin sheet, rubber sheet, cloth sheet, gypsum paper, aluminum hydroxide paper, glass fiber nonwoven fabric Or a laminate of two or more types, or a sheet-like material that has been waterproofed or flame-retardant treated.

  The core material C is made of, for example, a synthetic resin foam C1 such as polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, vinyl chloride foam, polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam, urea foam, etc., and particularly when fire resistance is required. Is formed by mixing a stock solution of a resol type phenol, a curing agent, and a foaming agent, discharging the mixture onto the back surface side of the surface material B or the back material D, and heating, reacting, foaming, and curing.

Further, in the core material C, lightweight aggregates (perlite grains, glass beads, gypsum slag, talc stone, shirasu balloon, aluminum hydroxide, etc.), fibrous materials (glass wool, rock wool, carbon fiber, Graphite and the like) can be mixed to improve fire resistance and fire resistance.

  Synthetic resin foam C1 does not accumulate heat during the day and does not dissipate heat at night as in the case of using a ceramic outer wall material as the conventional outer wall material A in summer. In this way, the efficiency of cooling is improved, and the efficiency of heating is improved in winter, thereby saving energy and reducing costs. This is because the ceramic-type outer wall material has a property of storing heat and gradually releasing heat because the specific gravity of the ceramic-based outer wall material is large, whereas the ventilation wall according to the present invention using the synthetic resin foam C1 as the core material C Since the outer wall material A used in the structure does not store heat, it does not release heat at night, forms a comfortable living space, and saves energy and reduces costs.

  The air passage γ is formed by a portion in which the back surface of the outer wall material A is recessed to form a recess A1, and is a space for exhausting indoor moisture, contaminated air, waste heat, etc. to the outdoors. It is. The dimension H is about H = 7 mm to 12 mm.

  D1 is a groove, which is formed so as to prevent the outer wall material A and the wall base α from coming into surface contact with each other by forming a plurality of grooves vertically, thereby preventing condensation between the outer wall material A and the wall base α. In addition, the dew condensation water generated by any chance is discharged to the outside through the vertically formed groove D1.

  7 is an upper opening, 8 is a lower opening, communicates with the air passage γ formed by the outer wall material A, and is an outlet for exhausting exhaust air γ1 such as indoor humidity, contaminated air, waste heat, etc. to the outside, Or it is a part which functions as an entrance. Of course, in the figure, since the upper opening 7 is exposed inside the eaves, the exhaust air γ1 is sent from the eaves-perforated plate 10 formed in the eaves, or from the building ventilation port (not shown). As shown by the arrows in FIG.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a drainer, which is a member for accommodating the lower end portion of the outer wall material A.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes an eaves-perforated plate for discharging moisture, polluted air, waste heat, and the like that have passed through the air passage γ to the outside, and formed a ventilation portion 10a having a plurality of holes. Is.

  Next, the construction method of the ventilation wall structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). First, on the wall base α formed by the interior material 1, the moisture-proof layer 2 such as a polyethylene sheet, the frame 3 such as the main pillar and the inter-column, and the heat insulating material 4 such as glass wool formed between the frames 3, the wind-proof and moisture-permeable layer 5 ( A moisture permeable waterproof sheet). The formation pitch P of the wall base α is 455 mm.

When the formation of the windproof moisture permeable layer 5 is completed, the drainer 10 is formed.

  Thereafter, the outer wall material A having a working width W = 455 mm (1 scale 5 dimensions) and a thickness H = 10 mm of the air passage γ is vertically arranged, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). As shown in FIG. 2, a wall surface is formed by fixing a plurality of pieces vertically to the housing 3 through the fasteners β at a pitch of 455 mm as shown in FIG. The construction is done on the eaves and the construction is completed.

  The above description is only one embodiment of the vent wall structure according to the present invention, and it can be formed as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to (e) to FIG.

  FIGS. 5A to 5E and FIGS. 6A to 6D are cross-sectional views showing other examples of the outer wall material A. FIG.

  7 (a) and 7 (b) show a board 11 formed on the housing 3, which improves seismic resistance, heat insulation, condensation resistance, soundproofing, heat insulation, and the like. 7A shows a ventilation wall structure in which a wind-proof and moisture-permeable layer 5 is formed on a housing 3 and a board 11 and an outer wall material A are formed thereon. FIG. 7B shows a board 11 and an outer wall material on the housing 3. A ventilation wall structure in which A is formed.

  The material of the board 11 is, for example, a structural plywood, and is a plywood used for a main portion in terms of structural strength of a building. Structural plywood class 1 (specialty, class 1) is a plywood used for parts required for the load-bearing structure of buildings such as 2x4 houses (two-by-four). is there. The dimensions are 7.5 to 24 mm in thickness, width = 910 · 1220 mm, etc. (width is arbitrary), length = 1820/2430/2730 mm, etc. (length is arbitrary). The thickness of the veneer is specified, thereby guaranteeing the strength of the plywood. Further, the structural plywood class 2 (special class 1) of the structural plywood is used in the same manner as the first class, but is mainly composed of softwood plywood. The dimensions are thickness = 5.5-24 mm, width = 910/1220 mm, etc. (width is arbitrary), length = 1800/1820 / 2430-2730 mm, etc. (length is arbitrary). It is better to use “special” for the exterior.

Other materials of the board 11 include, for example, a synthetic resin foam such as urethane foam, extruded polystyrene, phenol foam, or the like, or a synthetic resin foam made of a sheet material (craft paper, asphalt felt, aluminum vapor-deposited paper, Metal foil (Al, Fe, Pb, Cu), synthetic resin sheet, rubber sheet, cloth sheet, plaster paper, aluminum hydroxide paper, laminated one or more glass fiber nonwoven fabrics, or a waterproof treatment , Flame retardant treated sheet, etc.), sandwiched with board material (gypsum board, cement board, calcium carbonate board, calcium silicate board, wood chip cement board, magnesium carbonate board, sieving board, sieving insulation board, plywood, etc.) It is a composite board.

  FIG. 8 shows a ventilation wall structure in which a normal eaves top plate is used in place of the eaves-perforated plate 10 and discharge from the ventilation path γ is made from the building ventilation port.

  FIG. 9 shows a vent wall structure in which a gas vent edge 12 having a plurality of holes communicating with the vent path γ is formed in the girders so that the exhaust air γ1 can be discharged to the outside from the eaves. is there.

It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the outer wall material used for the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the back surface part of the outer wall material used for the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the outer wall material used for the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the outer wall material used for the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the ventilation wall structure which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

α Wall base β Fixture γ Ventilation path γ1 Exhaust air A Outer wall material A1 Recess B Surface material C Core material C1 Synthetic resin foam D Back surface material D1 Groove 1 Interior material 2 Moisture-proof layer 3 Housing 4 Heat-insulating material 5 Wind-proof and moisture-permeable layer 6 Ventilation channel forming member 7 Upper opening 7a Upper ventilation portion 8 Lower opening 8a Lower ventilation portion 9 Draining 10 Eaves perforated plate 10a Hole 11 Board 12 Ventilation stop

Claims (1)

In a wall structure in which a ventilating path is formed between the outer wall material and the wall substrate by attaching a vertical outer wall material with a synthetic resin foam as a core and a recess on the back side to the wall substrate, the working width of the outer wall material Is formed corresponding to the pitch of the housing, and a vertical groove is provided on the back surface of the outer wall material in contact with the wall base.

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