JP2010229650A - Wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall structure which enhances a humidity exhaust function, a dew condensation prevention function, a heat insulation function, a waterproof function, etc. <P>SOLUTION: In this wall structure in which a humidity exhaust layer &gamma; communicating with an attic space K from a bedsill D is formed between a substrate &alpha; and an exterior wall material A, a strong-wind intrusion prevention plate 11, which includes a fixed portion 11a and a movable portion 11b and which includes the fixed portion 11a and the movable portion 11b composed of a sheet-like material integrally formed of a bent recess 16 made by concavely depressing the area between the fixed surface 12 and a step 13. The fixed portion includes a perpendicular plane-like fixed surface 12 formed at the lower end of the humidity exhaust layer &gamma;; and the movable portion includes the step 13 which is formed by inclining the lower end of the fixed surface 12 downward on an outdoor side G and protruding it, a receiving surface 14 which is formed by suspending the leading end of the step 13 downward, and an inclined plane 15 which is formed by inclining the lower end of the receiving surface 14 downward on the outdoor side G and protruding it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall structure with improved moisture exhaustion function, dew condensation prevention function, heat insulation function, waterproof function, and the like.

  When the wall is hermetically sealed, there is no place for water vapor to escape, and condensation occurs on the back of the outer wall material or on the wall if the outside air temperature is low. Therefore, an air layer (ventilation layer) having a thickness of about 20 mm is provided between the outer wall material and the housing in order to discharge water vapor in the wall to the outside air to prevent internal dew condensation and to discharge moisture that has soaked into the base and pillars to the outside air. ), A so-called ventilation method was developed. Originally, the ventilation method is a method for preventing dew condensation in the wall. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 6).

JP 09-119175 A JP 09-144152 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241427 JP 11-293801 A JP 2000-291169 A JP 2003-328460 A

  However, Patent Documents 1 to 6 exhaust moisture, but since the outside air passes through the back surface of the outer wall material, even if a heat insulating member is formed on the outer wall material, the effect as a heat insulating material cannot be exhibited. It was supposed not to function as. Of course, it was assumed that there was no heat insulation in calculating the heat insulation of the outer wall of the house. In addition, a ventilation method is often employed to prevent the leakage of ceramic outer wall materials, and many people are now considering it as a rain closing method in order to prevent rain leakage. In addition, the amount of air that moves in the ventilation layer varies greatly depending on the outside wind. Especially when the wind is strong, the ventilation rate increases. There was a drawback that good thermal insulation could not be demonstrated. For this reason, even when the wind is strong, it has been a big problem to suppress the amount of ventilation in the ventilation layer.

  In order to solve such drawbacks, the present invention provides a wall structure in which a moisture exhaust layer is formed between the foundation and the outer wall material and communicated from the base portion to the back of the hut. From the vertical flat fixed surface to the lower end of the moisture exhaust layer. The lower end of the fixed surface, a step that protrudes downwardly on the outdoor side, a receiving surface that hangs down the tip of the step, and a lower end that protrudes downward on the outdoor side Providing a wall structure that forms a strong wind intrusion prevention plate for sheet-like material, which consists of a movable part consisting of an inclined surface, and is formed integrally with a fixed part and a movable part by a bent concave part with a concave part between the fixed surface and the step. To do.

  According to the wall structure of the present invention, since the amount of air flowing through the moisture exhaust layer can be suppressed to the level of natural convection, (1) the outer wall material positioned outside the moisture exhaust layer (air layer) functions as a heat insulating material. . (2) Due to the heat insulation of the outer wall material, the temperature of the moisture removal layer, the back surface of the outer wall material and the wall is kept high, and the occurrence of internal dew condensation is further suppressed. (3) Since the strong wind intrusion prevention plate having a damper function is formed at the lower end of the moisture exhaust layer, even if the wind is strong, strong wind does not blow into the moisture exhaust layer, and the air flow rate in the moisture exhaust layer is reduced. Can be kept constant. There are features and effects.

It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the strong wind permeation prevention board used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction state of the strong wind intrusion prevention board used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the outer wall material used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention.

  The wall structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 are sectional views showing a wall structure according to the present invention, and FIGS. 7A to 7C and 8 are explanatory views showing a strong wind intrusion prevention plate 11 used in the wall structure according to the present invention. 9 (a) to (d) are explanatory views showing the outer wall material A. FIG. In the figure, α indicates a base, β indicates a fixture such as a nail, and γ indicates a moisture removal layer.

The base α is formed from the interior material 1, a moisture-proof layer 2 such as a polyethylene sheet, a housing 3 such as a main pillar and a stud, and a heat insulating material 4 such as glass wool formed between the housings 3.

  5 is a wind-proof moisture-permeable layer (indicated by a two-dot chain line), a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (nonwoven fabric that passes only moisture without passing through wind and rain), or a moisture-permeable waterproof board (a highly moisture-permeable sizing board, sizing insulation) Board, etc.) and formed from a member having moisture permeability, windproof property, waterproof property, and the like.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes a drainage layer forming member, which is formed so that the drainage layer γ communicates with the upper and lower openings, and is, for example, a longitudinal body edge formed vertically at regular intervals. Further, if the moisture exhaust layer γ is formed so as to communicate with the openings described later (upper opening 7, lower opening 8, shed back ventilation opening 9), a horizontal trunk edge formed horizontally at regular intervals may be used. . Of course, instead of the drainage layer forming member 6, a plate material on which the drainage layer γ (groove) is formed may be partially or entirely formed. The material of the moisture removal layer forming member 6 is wood, metal material, plastic material, or the like.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an upper opening, 8 denotes a lower opening, and 9 denotes an air vent opening in the hut. The room N communicates with the moisture layer γ formed by the moisture layer forming member 6 and is released from the indoor N to the moisture layer γ. It is an outlet for discharging the moisture from the outdoor G. Of course, the upper opening 7, the lower opening 8, and the attic ventilation opening 9 also function as an inflow port for air taken in to discharge moisture.

  The upper opening 7 is formed between the spar portion of the outer wall material A and the eaves ceiling 18 so as to communicate with the moisture exhaust layer γ. The upper opening 7 is formed.

  The lower opening 8 is formed by forming a drainer 17 between the outer wall material A and the base part D via the pier S in the figure, and in the figure, a moisture draining layer between the pier S formed for fixing the drainer 17 and the base part D. A lower opening 8 communicating with γ is formed.

The cabin back ventilation opening 9 is formed to exhaust moisture generated in the indoor N from the cabin back K to the outdoor G via the moisture removal layer γ.

  10 is a stop edge, 17 is a drainer, and is a member for accommodating the upper and lower ends of the outer wall material A, and is an upper opening 7 and lower opening 8 forming member. The material is made of a metal material or a plastic material. Reference numeral 18 denotes an eave sky.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a strong wind intrusion prevention plate, which includes a fixed portion 11a and a movable portion 11b. As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C (FIG. 7C is an enlarged view of part a in FIG. 7A), The fixed portion 11a is composed of a vertical flat fixed surface 12, and the movable portion 11b is a step 13 which protrudes by tilting the lower end of the fixed surface 12 downward on the outdoor G side, and a receiving surface where the tip of the step 13 is suspended downward. 14 and an inclined surface 15 that protrudes with the lower end of the receiving surface 14 inclined downward on the outdoor G side, and the fixed portion 11a and the movable portion 11b are bent concavely between the fixed surface 12 and the step 13 It is made of a sheet-like material integrally formed of 16 parts, and is made of, for example, a sheet-like plastic plate, waterproof paper, or the like.

  The strong wind intrusion prevention plate 11 is a damper that prevents strong wind from entering the exhaust layer γ, and as shown in FIG. 8, the width between the exhaust layer forming members 6 formed by the longitudinal body edges (the exhaust layer). It is formed with the same length as the width of γ. Of course, a minimal gap is formed between the strong wind intrusion prevention plate 11 and the wet layer forming member 6 to such an extent that the receiving surface 14 can be moved from the bent concave portion 16 by wind.

As shown in FIG. 5, the strong wind intrusion prevention plate 11 has a receiving surface 14 that does not bend from the bent concave portion 16 and closes the moisture exhaust layer γ when the outdoor G is not windy or breeze. Aeration volume is ensured. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, when the strong wind is blowing on the outdoor G, the receiving surface 14 is bent from the bent concave portion 16, and the inclined surface 15 comes into contact with the back surface of the pier S to block the moisture removal layer γ. This prevents the strong wind from entering the exhaust layer γ.

  The fixing part 11a formed by the fixing surface 12 is a part for fixing the strong wind intrusion prevention plate 11 to the base α by the fixing tool β.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the step 13 forms a space 14 a between the receiving surface 14 and the base α, takes in the strong wind that has entered from the outdoor G through this space 14 a, the receiving surface 14 rotates, and the inclined surface 15 at the tip thereof In the figure, it contacts the inner surface of the pier S and closes the exhaust layer γ.

  The receiving surface 14 receives the strong wind that has entered the space 14a due to the formation of the step 13, thereby rotating around the bent recess 16 as a fulcrum, and functions as an opening / closing valve for the base portion D portion of the moisture removal layer γ.

  The inclined surface 15 is formed so as to be inclined toward the outdoor G side as shown in the figure, so that the exhaust layer γ is surely blocked by the strong wind. It is formed in order to prevent the moisture exhaust layer γ from being pushed from the side and the strong wind to enter the moisture exhaust layer γ.

  A is an outer wall material having heat insulating properties (hereinafter simply referred to as an outer wall material), and is a member having functions such as waterproofness, airtightness, weather resistance, etc. as other functions. For example, a metal siding material as shown in FIGS. 9A to 9D is used. In particular, the outer wall material A made of a metal siding material has a particularly heat insulating property in which a core material A3 such as a synthetic resin foam (plastic foam) is sandwiched between a plate material obtained by roll-forming a metal surface material A1 and a back surface material A2. It is the outer wall material A which has.

  Furthermore, the effect | action of the wall structure based on this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 2 (a), (b). That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the air flows from the outdoor G to the hut K, the hut K has a negative pressure, the eaves 18 vicinity has a positive pressure, and the base D has a positive pressure. Is sucked mainly from the eaves 18 with a low resistance, and is not so much sucked from the base D direction (the exhaust layer γ) with a high resistance, so the temperature of the exhaust layer γ does not change, and the heat insulation of the outer wall material A Sex is demonstrated. Usually this is the state.

In addition, as shown rarely in FIG. 2 (b), when the air flows out from the cabin back K to the outdoor G, it is a case where the wind blows horizontally against the wall surface, and the cabin back K has a low negative pressure, The maximum negative pressure near the eaves 18 and the negative pressure near the base D near the ground, the air is sucked from the back of the hut K, the amount sucked from the base D direction (humidity exhaust layer γ) is suppressed, and the moisture is exhausted. The temperature of the layer γ does not change, and the heat insulating property of the outer wall material A is exhibited.

  Thus, since the inflow / outflow of air into the shed K does not affect the exhaust passage γ and the amount of air flowing in the exhaust layer γ can be suppressed to the level of natural convection, the exhaust layer γ It functions as a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulating property of the outer wall material A is also exhibited. The moisture generated from the indoor N and flowing into the moisture exhaust layer γ is always discharged to the outdoor G regardless of the outflow of air to the outdoor G and the inflow of air into the indoor N by the natural convection of the exhaust moisture layer γ. Is.

  Next, the construction method of the wall structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, a wind- and moisture-permeable layer 5 (permeating layer) is formed on an interior material 1, a moisture-proof layer 2 such as a polyethylene sheet, a frame 3 such as a main pillar and an inter-column, and a base α formed of a heat insulating material 4 such as glass wool formed between the frames 3. A wet waterproof sheet).

  After that, a plurality of the drainage layer forming members 6 having a thickness of about 18 mm and a width of about 45 mm are fixed vertically at a pitch of 455 mm. At this time, the drainage layer forming member 6 is formed so as to protrude inward from the eaves 18 forming part.

When the formation of the drainage layer forming member 6 is completed, the eaves top 18 is formed, and a plurality of strong wind intrusion prevention plates 11 are fixed to the lower end portion of the drainage layer γ between the drainage layer forming members 6. Thereafter, the stop edge 10, the crosspiece S, and the drainer 14 are fixed so that the upper opening 7 and the lower opening 8 are formed.

  Then, the outer wall material A as shown in FIG. 9A is constructed on the moisture layer forming member 6 by using various kinds of accessories, and the construction is completed.

  The above description is only one embodiment of the wall structure according to the present invention, and it can be formed as shown in FIGS.

  In FIG. 10, a waterproof layer 19 (indicated by a dotted line) is formed on the moisture exhaust layer forming member 6 so that rainwater or the like does not enter the moisture exhaust layer γ. For example, a waterproof sheet such as asphalt felt.

  FIG. 11 shows a wall structure in which the upper opening 7 formed in the eave ceiling 18 of FIG. 1 is removed, and ventilation between the cabin back K and the outdoor G is performed mainly by the eave ceiling vent 20 formed in the eave ceiling 18. It is the wall structure formed in.

  11 is a wall structure in which a strong wind intrusion prevention plate 11 as shown in the figure is formed in the middle of the moisture exhaust layer γ.

  According to the wall structure according to the present invention, in the wall structure in which the ventilation layer (exhaust layer γ) is formed on the back surface of the outer wall material A, the outer wall material A is thermally insulated even when a heat insulating member is formed as the outer wall material A. Although it was not recognized as a material, by forming three openings in the wall, the ventilating opening of the hut, the upper opening, and the lower opening so that the air moves only in a very small amount in the ventilation layer (humidification layer γ) Taking advantage of the effect of preventing internal dew condensation, which is the original significance of the ventilation layer (humidity removal layer γ), and further increasing the heat insulation effect of the heat insulating outer wall material A, the temperature of the outer wall material back surface and inside the wall is increased. It becomes possible to maintain, and it becomes a structure which can improve the energy saving and the prevention effect of dew condensation in the wall. Unlike conventional structures that prevent condensation by moving outside air through the ventilation path between the back of the outer wall material and the base, unlike conventional ventilation structures, only moisture is kept in a state where movement of outside air is minimized. Since the structure can be discharged to the outside, the performance of the outer wall material having heat insulation can be effectively utilized.

α Base β Fixture γ Dehumidifying layer A Outer wall material A1 with heat insulation A1 Metal surface material A2 Back material A3 Core material D Base part G Outdoor K Hut behind N Indoor S Pier 1 Interior material 2 Moisture-proof layer 3 Housing 4 Thermal insulation material DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Wind-proof moisture-permeable layer 6 Exhaust-moisture layer forming member 7 Upper opening 8 Lower opening 9 Hut back ventilation opening 10 Stop edge 11 Strong wind intrusion prevention board 11a Fixed part 11b Movable part 12 Fixed surface 13 Step 14 Receiving surface 14a Space 15 Inclined surface 16 Bending recess 17 Drainer 18 Eaves 19 Waterproof layer 20 Eve

Claims (1)

In a wall structure in which a moisture exhaust layer is formed between the foundation and the outer wall material that communicates from the base to the back of the hut, a fixed part consisting of a vertical flat fixed surface at the lower end of the moisture exhaust layer, and the lower end of the fixed surface on the outdoor side The fixed part is composed of a step formed by inclining and projecting downward, a receiving surface in which the tip of the step is suspended downward, and a movable part composed of an inclined surface projecting by tilting the lower end of the receiving surface downward on the outdoor side. A wall structure characterized in that a sheet-like strong wind intrusion prevention plate is formed integrally with a movable part and a bent concave part in which a step is recessed between a fixed surface and a step.

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