JP5431757B2 - Wall structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall structure with improved moisture exhaustion function, dew condensation prevention function, heat insulation function, waterproof function, and the like.

  When the wall is hermetically sealed, there is no place for water vapor to escape, and condensation occurs on the back of the outer wall material or on the wall if the outside air temperature is low. Therefore, an air layer (ventilation layer) having a thickness of about 20 mm is provided between the outer wall material and the housing in order to discharge water vapor in the wall to the outside air to prevent internal dew condensation and to discharge moisture that has soaked into the base and pillars to the outside air. ), A so-called ventilation method was developed. Originally, the ventilation method is a method for preventing dew condensation in the wall. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 6).

JP 09-119175 A JP 09-144152 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241427 JP 11-293801 A JP 2000-291169 A JP 2003-328460 A

  However, Patent Documents 1 to 6 exhaust moisture, but since the outside air passes through the back surface of the outer wall material, even if a heat insulating member is formed on the outer wall material, the effect as a heat insulating material cannot be exhibited. It was supposed not to function as. Of course, it was assumed that there was no heat insulation in calculating the heat insulation of the outer wall of the house. In addition, a ventilation method is often employed to prevent the leakage of ceramic outer wall materials, and many people are now considering it as a rain closing method in order to prevent rain leakage. In addition, the amount of air that moves in the ventilation layer varies greatly depending on the outside wind. Especially when the wind is strong, the ventilation rate increases. There was a drawback that good thermal insulation could not be demonstrated. For this reason, even when the wind is strong, it has been a big problem to suppress the amount of ventilation in the ventilation layer.

In order to solve such drawbacks, the present invention provides a vertical flat fixed surface and a lower end of the fixed surface in a wall structure in which a moisture exhaust layer is formed between the foundation and the outer wall material and communicated from the base portion to the back of the hut. A drainage surface that protrudes downwardly on the outdoor side and a decorative surface with the tip of the drainage surface hanging downward, and a drainage that is formed into a long shape, and a fixed surface of the drainage is formed at regular intervals with a lower end. Is formed so that it protrudes below the fixed surface, and is pressed against the base by being pushed by the wind pressure during strong winds. A wall structure that is formed at the lower end on the surface side of the layer, and has a lower opening that communicates with the drainage layer between the vent drainer and the base, and an upper opening that communicates with the drainage layer between the girder part of the outer wall material and the eaves Is to provide.

  According to the wall structure of the present invention, since the amount of air flowing through the moisture exhaust layer can be suppressed to the level of natural convection, (1) the outer wall material positioned outside the moisture exhaust layer (air layer) functions as a heat insulating material. . (2) Due to the heat insulating property of the outer wall material, the temperature of the moisture removal layer, the back surface of the outer wall material, and the wall is kept high, and the occurrence of internal dew condensation is further suppressed. (3) By forming the ventilating water drain, even if the wind is strong, strong wind does not blow into the moisture exhaust layer, and the air flow rate in the moisture exhaust layer can be kept constant. There are features and effects.

It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the aeration draining used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the aeration draining used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the outer wall material used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the ventilation water draining used for the wall structure which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the wall structure which concerns on this invention.

  The wall structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1-6 is sectional drawing which shows the wall structure based on this invention, FIG. 7 (a), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the ventilation drainer 11 used for the wall structure based on this invention, FIG. (D) is explanatory drawing which shows the outer wall material A. FIG. In the figure, α indicates a base, β indicates a fixture such as a nail, and γ indicates a moisture removal layer.

The base α is formed from the interior material 1, a moisture-proof layer 2 such as a polyethylene sheet, a housing 3 such as a main pillar and a stud, and a heat insulating material 4 such as glass wool formed between the housings 3.

  5 is a wind-proof and moisture-permeable layer (indicated by a two-dot chain line), a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (nonwoven fabric that passes only moisture without passing through wind and rain), or a moisture-permeable waterproof board (a highly moisture-permeable sizing board, sizing insulation) Board, etc.) and formed from a member having moisture permeability, windproof property, waterproof property, and the like.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes a drainage layer forming member, which is formed so that the drainage layer γ communicates with the upper and lower openings, and is, for example, a longitudinal body edge formed vertically at regular intervals. Further, if the moisture exhaust layer γ is formed so as to communicate with the openings described later (upper opening 7, lower opening 8, shed back ventilation opening 9), a horizontal trunk edge formed horizontally at regular intervals may be used. . Of course, instead of the drainage layer forming member 6, a plate material on which the drainage layer γ (groove) is formed may be partially or entirely formed. The material of the moisture removal layer forming member 6 is wood, metal material, plastic material, or the like.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an upper opening, 8 denotes a lower opening, and 9 denotes an air vent opening in the hut. The room N communicates with the moisture layer γ formed by the moisture layer forming member 6 and is released from the indoor N to the moisture layer γ. It is an outlet for discharging the moisture from the outdoor G. Of course, the upper opening 7, the lower opening 8, and the attic ventilation opening 9 also function as an inflow port for air taken in to discharge moisture.

  The upper opening 7 is formed between the spar portion of the outer wall material A and the eaves ceiling 21 so as to communicate with the moisture exhaust layer γ. The upper opening 7 is formed.

  The lower opening 8 is one in which an aeration drainer 11 is formed between the outer wall material A and the base part D, and the lower opening 8 that communicates with the moisture removal layer γ is formed between the aerial drainer 11 and the base part D.

The cabin back ventilation opening 9 is formed to exhaust moisture generated in the indoor N from the cabin back K to the outdoor G via the moisture removal layer γ.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes a stop edge, and 11 is a vent water drainer, which is a member for accommodating the upper and lower ends of the outer wall material A, and is an upper opening 7 and lower opening 8 forming member. The material is made of a metal material or a plastic material. 21 is the eaves.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B (a partially cut-away right side view of FIG. 7A), the ventilation drainer 11 is composed of two members, a drainer 12 and a windproof sheet 19. .

The drainer 12 includes a vertical flat fixing surface 13, a draining surface 14 that protrudes by tilting the lower end of the fixing surface 13 downward on the outdoor G side, a decorative surface 15 that hangs down the tip of the draining surface 14, The lower surface 16 that projects the lower end of the decorative surface 15 toward the indoor N side, the inner surface 17 that projects the tip of the lower surface 16 upward, and the upper end of the fixed surface 13 are folded back toward the indoor N side, and a windproof sheet 19 described later is sandwiched and fixed. It is the elongate board | plate material formed from the tongue piece 18 for this. The material is made of a metal material or a plastic material.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (b), the windproof sheet 19 forms cuts 19a at regular intervals. As shown in FIG. 6, when the strong wind is blown, between the vertically formed moisture layer forming members 6 It is formed to prevent the strong wind from being blown into the moisture exhaust layer γ by being pushed into the moisture exhaust layer γ by the wind pressure. In a normal case, natural convection is performed by a gap S between the base portion D and the windproof sheet 19 as shown in FIG. The material is a sheet-like member made of a foamed resin sheet having flexibility and resilience, a plastic sheet, a paper sheet, and the like, for example, EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber).

  The drainer 12 and the windproof sheet 19 are integrated by being sandwiched between the tongue pieces 18, or the upper end portion of the windproof sheet 19 is bonded to the fixed surface 13 with an adhesive. The portion is formed so as to protrude downward from the lower end of the fixed surface 13, and when the strong wind blows in as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the cut 19a is exhausted so that the strong wind does not enter into the exhaust layer γ. The layer γ is formed so as to be closed.

  The vent drainer 11 is an accessory for storing the lower end portion of the outer wall material A having heat insulation, which will be described later, and improves the aesthetics of the fit of the lower end portion, improves the workability, and serves as an air inlet to the exhaust layer γ. It is formed for the purpose of forming, preventing the sudden inflow of air into the moisture layer γ, and the like.

  A is an outer wall material having heat insulating properties (hereinafter simply referred to as an outer wall material), and is a member having functions such as waterproofness, airtightness, weather resistance, etc. as other functions. For example, a metal siding material as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D is used. In particular, the outer wall material A made of a metal siding material has a particularly heat insulating property in which a core material A3 such as a synthetic resin foam (plastic foam) is sandwiched between a plate material obtained by roll-forming a metal surface material A1 and a back surface material A2. It is the outer wall material A which has.

Furthermore, the effect | action of the wall structure based on this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 2 (a), (b). That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the air flows from the outdoor G to the hut K, the hut K has a negative pressure, the eaves 21 vicinity has a positive pressure, and the base portion has a positive pressure. It is sucked mainly from the eave heaven 21 portion having a low resistance and is not so much sucked from the direction of the ventilating drain 11 having a high resistance (humidity draining layer γ), so the temperature of the drainage layer γ does not change, and the heat insulation of the outer wall material A Is demonstrated. Usually this is the state.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), when the air flows out from the back of the hut K to the outdoor G, the wind blows in parallel to the wall surface, or the wall surface becomes leeward. The air pressure is lower in the vicinity of the eaves 21 and in the base part D near the ground than in the shed K, and the air flows from the shed K through the upper opening 7 to the outdoor G, and drains 11 direction (humidity layer γ ) Is suppressed, the temperature of the exhaust layer γ does not change, and the heat insulation of the outer wall material A is exhibited.

  Thus, since the inflow / outflow of air into the shed K does not affect the exhaust passage γ and the amount of air flowing in the exhaust layer γ can be suppressed to the level of natural convection, the exhaust layer γ It functions as a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulating property of the outer wall material A is also exhibited. The moisture generated from the indoor N and flowing into the moisture exhaust layer γ is always discharged to the outdoor G regardless of the outflow of air to the outdoor G and the inflow of air into the indoor N by the natural convection of the exhaust moisture layer γ. Is.

  Next, the construction method of the wall structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7A and 7B. First, a wind- and moisture-permeable layer 5 (permeating layer) is formed on an interior material 1, a moisture-proof layer 2 such as a polyethylene sheet, a frame 3 such as a main pillar and an inter-column, and a base α formed of a heat insulating material 4 such as glass wool formed between the frames 3. A wet waterproof sheet).

  After that, a plurality of the drainage layer forming members 6 having a thickness of about 18 mm and a width of about 45 mm are fixed vertically at a pitch of 455 mm. At this time, the moisture layer forming member 6 is formed so as to protrude into the cabin back K rather than the portion where the eaves 21 are formed.

When the formation of the drainage layer forming member 6 is completed, the eave heaven 21 is formed, and then the edge 10 is formed so that the upper opening 7 and the lower opening 8 are formed, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). The long ventilation drainer 11 is fixed. The aeration drainer 11 is fixed by forming a gap S between the base part D and the windproof sheet 19 so as to allow natural convection.

  Thereafter, the outer wall material A as shown in FIG. 8A is constructed on the moisture layer forming member 6 by using various accessories, and the construction is completed.

The above description is only one embodiment of the wall structure according to the present invention, and it can be formed as shown in FIGS . 9 (a), 9 (b) , and 10. FIG .

  FIGS. 9A and 9B are cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the vent drainer 11.

  In FIG. 10, a waterproof layer 22 (indicated by a dotted line) is formed on the moisture exhaust layer forming member 6 so that rainwater or the like does not enter the moisture exhaust layer γ. For example, a waterproof sheet such as asphalt felt.

  According to the wall structure according to the present invention, in the wall structure in which the ventilation layer (exhaust layer γ) is formed on the back surface of the outer wall material A, the outer wall material A is thermally insulated even when a heat insulating member is formed as the outer wall material A. Although it was not recognized as a material, by forming three openings in the wall, the ventilating opening of the hut, the upper opening, and the lower opening so that the air moves only in a very small amount in the ventilation layer (humidification layer γ) Taking advantage of the effect of preventing internal dew condensation, which is the original significance of the ventilation layer (humidity removal layer γ), and further increasing the heat insulation effect of the heat insulating outer wall material A, the temperature of the outer wall material back surface and inside the wall is increased. It becomes possible to maintain, and it becomes a structure which can improve the energy saving and the prevention effect of dew condensation in the wall. Unlike conventional structures that prevent condensation by moving outside air through the ventilation path between the back of the outer wall material and the base, unlike conventional ventilation structures, only moisture is kept in a state where movement of outside air is minimized. Since the structure can be discharged to the outside, the performance of the outer wall material having heat insulation can be effectively utilized.

α Base β Fixture γ Dehumidifying layer A Outer wall material with heat insulation A1 Metal surface material A2 Back surface material A3 Core material D Base part G Outdoor K Back of hut N Indoor S Gap 1 Interior material 2 Moisture proof layer 3 Housing 4 Heat insulation material DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Wind-proof moisture-permeable layer 6 Exhaust layer forming member 7 Upper opening 8 Lower opening 9 Vent opening of hut 10 Stop edge 11 Drain drainer 12 Drainer 13 Fixed surface 14 Drainer surface 15 Cosmetic surface 16 Lower surface 17 Inner surface 18 Tongue piece 19 Windproof sheet 19a Break 20 Windproof piece 21 heaven 22 waterproof layer 23 heaven vent

Claims (1)

In a wall structure in which a moisture exhaust layer is formed between the foundation and the heat-insulating outer wall material that communicates from the base to the back of the hut, the vertical flat fixed surface and the lower end of the fixed surface are inclined downward on the outdoor side and protrude The draining surface formed in an elongated shape from the surface of the draining surface and the decorative surface with the tip of the draining surface hanging downward, and the fixing surface of the draining system, cuts are formed at regular intervals, and the lower end protrudes below the fixing surface In the case of strong wind, it is pushed in by the wind pressure and hits the foundation, and in normal times, a ventilated drainer that integrally forms a sheet-like windproof sheet with a restoring force having a gap is formed at the lower end on the surface side of the moisture removal layer The wall structure is characterized in that a lower opening communicating with the moisture removal layer is formed between the vent drainer and the base portion, and an upper opening communicating with the moisture removal layer is formed between the girder portion of the outer wall material and the eaves .

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