JP2019194405A - Eaves back ceiling material and eaves back ceiling structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To enhance the fire resistance of an eaves back ceiling material 21, prevents moisture from accumulating on the back side of a surface layer 30 even if a base material 22 is a material that allows moisture and humidity to permeate and the surface of the base material 22 is provided with a non-permeable surface layer 30, and maintain the excellent exterior finish of the eaves back ceiling material 21 over a long period of time.SOLUTION: An eaves back ceiling material 21 is provided with a base material 22 made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board, a non-permeable front surface 30 formed in the base material 22 on the surface opposite to an eaves space 5 in the constructed state, and an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 laminated on the back surface positioned on the side of the eaves space 5 in the constructed state. The aluminum multilayer sheet 24 has a three layer structure composed of a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 for moisture prevention and a pulp paper 27 for moisture prevention which are integrally bonded to the side of the base material 22 of the aluminum foil 25 and the side opposite to the base material 22, respectively. The waterproof function of the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 prevents water wt from entering the base material 22 from the back surface itself.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an eaves back ceiling material and an eaves back ceiling structure on which the eaves back ceiling material is constructed.

  In general, in areas where buildings are densely populated, such as urban areas, there is a possibility that great damage will occur due to the spread of fire if a fire breaks out, and such areas are considered to be fire prevention areas or semi-fire prevention areas, and the number of floors and total area of the buildings Buildings based on standards with fire resistance required according to the requirements are required.

  The building eaves also use non-combustible materials such as calcium silicate boards and slag gypsum boards as ceiling eaves to prevent the spread of fire due to a fire in the neighboring house.

  In order to improve the fire resistance of such eaves, conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, as an eaves top member constructed on the eaves, it faces the eaves space of a base material made of a calcium silicate plate or the like. It has been proposed to laminate a fireproof reinforcing layer in which any one of a fireproof heat insulating layer, a heat blocking layer, and an endothermic layer is laminated on the back side. An aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.2 mm is exemplified as the heat blocking layer.

  In the thing of this patent document 1, since the aluminum foil is used as a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation effect of the aluminum foil makes it difficult for heat of combustion gas at the time of a fire in a neighboring house to be transmitted to the eaves space. The effect of suppressing the spread of the eaves by suppressing the temperature rise of the space is obtained.

Japanese Patent No. 5135133

  By the way, in the eaves roof ceiling material, the surface located on the opposite side of the eaves space in the construction state is a part that is exposed to the outside and visible from below, so that for a high design finish, A decorative surface layer is provided by sticking a decorative sheet on which a wood grain pattern or the like is printed or by a finish painting process.

  However, in that case, the following problems arise when the base material of the eaves back ceiling material is a calcium silicate plate or the like that allows moisture and the like to pass therethrough. That is, the eaves space communicates with the shed of the building, and when indoor water vapor moves to the eaves space via the shed and is cooled, condensed water is generated in the eaves space. In addition, outdoor moisture may enter the eaves space through a vent or a ventilator provided for ventilation of the eaves space. Furthermore, the eave is a part close to the roof tip of the building, and if rain is not enough, rainwater can easily enter the space behind the eaves.

  If such intrusion of moisture into the eaves space is sporadic, the moisture is discharged by a vent or a ventilator, so there is no problem, but the ingress of moisture continues and the moisture enters. If the condition that the water is not discharged from the eaves space by the vent or the ventilator continues, the moisture enters the base material of the eaves ceiling material under the eaves space from the back side. In this way, when moisture enters the eaves ceiling material, the moisture moves down inside the base material, but if there is a surface layer of a decorative sheet or coating film on the surface, the surface layer is impermeable. As a result, the movement of moisture and the like is hindered, and the moisture and the like accumulate at the boundary surface with the surface layer. As a result, the appearance of the surface layer may be damaged by moisture accumulated on the back side of the surface layer, and discoloration or expansion / contraction deformation may occur. In extreme cases, the surface layer may be peeled off due to freezing of the accumulated moisture. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such various points, and its purpose is to improve the fire resistance of the eaves ceiling material by adding a device to the structure of the eaves ceiling material, while the base material absorbs moisture and the like. Even if a non-water-permeable surface layer is provided on the surface of the base material, it prevents water from accumulating in the base material on the back side of the surface layer, and provides a good appearance finish for the eaves ceiling material. The purpose is to enable stable maintenance over a long period of time.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the base material of the eaves ceiling material is a volcanic glassy multilayer board that is small in dimensional change when heated and does not break, and has a non-permeable surface layer on its surface. Provided on the back surface was a multilayer sheet of aluminum foil and a moisture-proof material adhered to both sides thereof, and the multilayer sheet was used as a waterproof layer for the substrate.

  Specifically, the first invention is an eaves roof ceiling material constructed on the eaves of a building, wherein the rock wool layer is laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer. A base material composed of a multilayer board, a non-permeable surface layer provided on the surface of the base material that is opposite to the eaves space in the construction state, and a base material located on the eaves space side in the construction state An aluminum multilayer sheet as a waterproof layer laminated on the back surface, the aluminum multilayer sheet comprising an aluminum foil and a substrate integrally bonded to the base material side and the non-base material surface of the aluminum foil. It has a material side and an anti-base material side moisture-proof material.

  In this 1st invention, although the water-impermeable surface layer is provided in the surface of the base material of an eaves back ceiling material, the aluminum multilayer sheet is laminated | stacked on the back surface of a base material, This aluminum multilayer The sheet functions as a waterproof layer by a three-layer structure having an aluminum foil and a moisture-proof material integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil. Therefore, even if the base material of the eaves back ceiling material is a material that easily transmits moisture, such as a volcanic glassy multilayer board, the aluminum multilayer sheet prevents moisture from entering the base material from the back side. It is possible to prevent moisture from penetrating into the base material from the back side and accumulating between the surface layer and damaging the appearance of the surface layer. It can be stably maintained over a period of time.

  In addition, the aluminum multilayer sheet laminated on the back surface of the base material not only functions as a waterproof layer, but also the aluminum foil functions as a heat blocking layer that blocks the combustion gas. (Effect) makes it difficult for combustion gas during a fire to be transmitted to the eaves space, to suppress the temperature rise of the eaves space, and to prevent the eaves from spreading.

  The base material is a volcanic glassy multilayer board in which rock wool layers are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer, and the volcanic glassy multilayer board is lightweight. It has the property of not cracking even when heated. In other words, volcanic glassy multilayer boards are different from cement-based and calcium silicate-based boards, and these board-based cement-based and calcium silicate-based boards contain free water and bound water. The plate material cracks due to evaporation and rapid shrinkage caused by heating during a fire, whereas volcanic vitreous multi-layer boards are less prone to such cracking and heat shrinkage is small. Therefore, even if it is heated for a long time of 45 minutes or more in a fire, the base material is not cracked, and the back side aluminum multilayer sheet (aluminum foil) is detached from the base material due to cracking or shrinkage of the base material. The possibility of the eaves-back ceiling material falling off from the eaves base material is extremely low, and the fire resistance of the eaves-back ceiling structure can be improved without requiring a separate heat insulating material.

  The aluminum multilayer sheet has a three-layer structure in which the base material side and the anti-base material side moistureproof material are integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil, so that the aluminum foil is in contact with surrounding moisture and moisture. This is suppressed by the base material side and the anti-base material side moisture-proof material, and corrosion of the aluminum foil can be prevented in advance. As a result, even if a long period of time elapses, no hole is opened in the aluminum foil due to corrosion, and the original heat shielding effect (gas shielding effect) can be reliably exhibited.

  The second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the substrate-side moisture-proof material is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film, and the anti-substrate-side moisture-proof material is pulp paper.

  In the second aspect of the invention, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is disposed on the base side of the aluminum foil and the pulp paper is disposed on the side opposite to the base material, the aluminum foil is made of the base material with the polyethylene terephthalate resin film. While it can be moisture-proof from the side, the pulp paper can moisture-proof the aluminum foil from the non-base material side by being impregnated with the adhesive.

  In addition, since the aluminum multilayer sheet is an aluminum foil in which a polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper are bonded and integrated, in the unlikely event that a polyethylene terephthalate resin film or pulp paper burns in the event of a fire However, further spread of fire is suppressed by the integral structure with the aluminum foil. Moreover, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper both have a lower calorific value at the time of combustion than other resins, the temperature of the eaves space rises excessively when they burn. It can prevent the spread of fire.

  A third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the aluminum multilayer sheet of the eaves-backing ceiling material is integrally bonded and laminated on the back surface of the base material.

  In this third invention, since the aluminum multilayer sheet is laminated in advance in a state of being integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material, the aluminum multilayer sheet is always handled as being integrated with the base material. The construction can be performed satisfactorily.

  A fourth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to third inventions, the surface layer has a nonflammable coating film made of a nonflammable paint having a gas shielding effect applied to the surface of the substrate. And

  Moreover, 5th invention is that in 4th invention, a surface layer has a decorative sheet affixed on the surface of the said nonflammable coating film, or a decorative coating film apply | coated to the surface of a nonflammable coating film It is characterized by.

  In this 4th or 5th invention, a non-water-permeable surface layer has a nonflammable coating film which consists of a nonflammable coating material apply | coated to the base-material surface. Therefore, when the eaves ceiling material is constructed, the surface of the eaves ceiling is exposed to flames such as fire, and high-temperature gas directly permeates the eaves ceiling material from the surface of the eaves ceiling material. Even when trying to enter the space, the high-temperature gas is shielded by the non-combustible coating film on the surface side of the base material (eave back ceiling material). This suppresses the entry of high-temperature gas into the eaves space and suppresses an increase in the temperature of the eaves space.

  In a sixth aspect based on any one of the first to third aspects, the surface layer has a decorative sheet affixed to the surface of the substrate or a decorative coating applied to the surface of the substrate. It is characterized by that. This prevents the deterioration of the appearance such as the non-permeable decorative sheet or decorative coating entering the base material from the back side and peeling off due to accumulated moisture, and improves the appearance of the eaves ceiling material. It can be maintained well over a period of time.

  A seventh invention relates to an eaves-back ceiling structure, and the eaves-back ceiling structure is characterized in that any one of the eaves-back ceiling materials according to the first to sixth inventions is constructed. This invention can achieve the same effects as the first invention.

  The eighth invention is characterized in that, in the seventh invention, a ventilation port or ventilation device for the eaves space is provided.

  According to the eighth aspect of the invention, when a vent hole or a ventilator for the eaves space is provided, it is possible to circulate outside air to the eaves space and prevent the corrosion of the wood due to moisture accumulation. When the weather is severe, rainwater infiltrates into the back of the eaves ceiling material and the water accumulates on the back of the eaves ceiling material. Even so, the aluminum multi-layer sheet prevents the base material from coming into contact with moisture and moisture, preventing water from accumulating in the base material and reducing the exterior finish of the eaves ceiling material. Can be surely prevented.

  As described above, according to the present invention, as an eaves roof ceiling material to be constructed on the eaves of a building, a non-permeable surface layer is provided on the surface of a base material composed of a volcanic glassy multilayer board, while on the back surface. By stacking the aluminum multilayer sheet with the moisture-proof material on the base material side and the anti-base material side integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil, it is easy to transmit moisture as a volcanic glassy multilayer board. Even if it is a base material, the aluminum multilayer sheet can prevent moisture from entering the base material from the back surface, and the water that has entered the base material from the back surface accumulates between the surface layer and the appearance of the surface layer. Is prevented, and a good appearance finish of the eaves ceiling material can be stably maintained over a long period of time. Further, by preventing the combustion gas from entering the eaves back space by the heat shielding effect of the aluminum foil, it is possible to suppress the elevating of the eaves while suppressing the temperature rise of the back space. In addition, due to the characteristics of the base material composed of volcanic glassy multilayer boards, the base material will crack and the aluminum foil may be detached from the base material or the eaves ceiling material may fall off even if heated for a long time during a fire. No, it can improve the fire resistance of the eaves ceiling material. Furthermore, by the aluminum multilayer sheet in which the moisture-proof material is integrally bonded to the base material side and the non-base material side of the aluminum foil, the moisture-proof material suppresses the aluminum foil from contacting the surrounding moisture and moisture, Corrosion of the aluminum foil can be prevented for a long period of time, and the original heat shielding effect of the aluminum foil can be reliably exhibited. Thus, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material can be enhanced, and therefore, maintenance of a good appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material and fire resistance can be achieved together.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an eaves back ceiling structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part of the ventilated hardware in the eaves back space. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the eaves back ceiling material. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the aluminum multilayer sheet of the eaves back ceiling material exhibits a waterproof function for the base material. FIG. 5: is a perspective view which shows the eaves back ceiling structure which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention in the state from which the ventilation metal fitting was removed. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a temperature rise and a state when a sample of the eaves-backed ceiling material is heated for 45 minutes for the semi-fire resistance test in Test 1. FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a test result according to Test 2. In FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description of the embodiments is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use at all.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows an eaves-in-ceiling structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and this eaves-in-ceiling structure is constructed, for example, in an eaves of a wooden detached house (building). This eave protrudes outward from the outer wall W of the house, and has a purlin 2 outside the figure and a rafter 2 stretched over the eaves girder 1 according to the slope of the roof as a main structure, and these are made of a wood material. . An eaves tip portion of the rafter 2, an eaves girder 1 that supports the rafter 2, and a nose cover 3 that is arranged outside the eaves girder 1 in parallel with the eaves girder 1 and is fixed to the rafter 2 so as to hide its tip. The eaves are made up of. On the lower side of the eaves, an eaves back space 5 having a triangular cross section is defined in a portion surrounded by the rafters 2, the eaves girder 1 and the nose cover 3, and a lower opening 5a (outer wall) of the eaves back space 5 is formed. .. Are closed by a plurality of rectangular plate-shaped eaves-back ceiling materials 21, 21,...

  A nose cover base material 7 is attached to the tip of the rafter 2 on the back side (inside) of the nose cover 3, and an eaves edge 8 is suspended and supported at the lower end of the nose cover base material 7. ing. An eaves field edge 11 is fixed to the eaves girder 1 with a screw V or the like through an outer wall base material 10 made of a face material and a trunk edge 9 thereon, and the eaves field edge 11 is also made of a wood material. As the outer wall base material 10, for example, a face material such as “Dielight” manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd., a shearing board, a structural plywood, and OSB is used. Between the eaves edge 8 and the eaves edge 11, a plurality of eaves mounting field edges 12, 12,... Made of wood materials arranged at regular intervals along the eaves girder 1 are connected. Wooden eaves base material for constructing eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21,... By nose-covering base material 7, eaves field edge 8, eaves field edge 11, and eaves top attachment field edge 12, 12,. Is configured.

  A plurality of eaves ceiling materials 21, 21,... Are arranged in the opening 5 a of the eaves space 5 in a state where they are abutted in the width direction without any gaps, and each peripheral edge is a stopper such as a nail or a screw. (It is not shown in figure) It fixes to the upper eaves top attachment field edge 12 and the eaves edge field edge 8, and the eaves back ceiling material 21 is constructed by the eaves back by this. In addition, an inner wall base material 13 is constructed on the indoor side of the eaves girder 1, and this inner wall base material 13 is made of a face material such as “Dielight”, gypsum board, plywood, etc. manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd. A cloth and a decorative board are affixed to the interior wall surface. Moreover, in FIG. 1, 14 is an indoor ceiling material.

  The inner end of each of the eaves ceiling materials 21 is constructed with a gap between the eaves ceiling material 21 and the outer wall W, and the eaves space 5 is formed between the eaves ceiling material 21 and the outer wall W. A ventilating hardware 15 (ventilator) is provided for ventilation. The ventilation hardware 15 has a long metal body 16 made of, for example, a galvanized steel plate or a stainless steel plate that extends along the direction in which the eaves-back ceiling materials are arranged. As shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner, the hardware main body 16 includes a lower horizontal portion 16a that extends horizontally and is mounted and fixed on the upper end of the outer wall W at the inner end portion, and an outer end of the lower horizontal portion 16a. And an inner vertical wall portion 16b extending upward from the portion. An upper horizontal portion 16c that extends horizontally outward and then folds back and extends horizontally inward is continuous with the upper end of the inner vertical wall portion 16b. It is attached and fixed to the attachment field edge 12 in a state of being sandwiched between the eave ceiling attachment field edge 12 and the eaves back ceiling material 21. An outer vertical wall portion 16d extending obliquely inward toward the lower side is connected to the inner end portion of the lower portion of the upper horizontal portion 16c, and a lower end portion of the outer vertical wall portion 16d is connected to the lower end portion of the outer horizontal wall portion 16d. The parting part 16e bent so as to extend upward after extending outward is connected. The parting portion 16e extends outward at the same height as the lower horizontal portion 16a, and an outer end portion (tip portion) thereof is close to or in contact with the lower surface of the eaves back ceiling material 21. And the upper horizontal part 16c located between the inner vertical wall part 16b and the outer vertical wall part 16d is formed with a plurality of ventilation holes 17, 17,. The eaves space 5 is ventilated between the outside space (atmosphere) using the ventilation hole 17 and the space between the inner and outer vertical wall portions 16b and 16d as a ventilation passage 18.

  A concave groove portion 16f that opens toward the outer vertical wall portion 16d is formed in the upper and lower intermediate portions of the inner vertical wall portion 16b of the hardware body 16. The recessed groove portion 16f is filled with a foam material 19 made of expanded graphite or the like which is expanded (foamed) at a predetermined temperature (for example, 180 ° C.) or more and is filled in the ventilation passage 18, and is expanded in the event of a fire. The ventilation passage 18 is blocked by the expansion of 19 so as to prevent flames and high-temperature gas from entering the eaves space 5 through the ventilation passage 18.

  In addition, the said ventilation metal fitting 15 is an illustration, and it cannot be overemphasized that the ventilation metal fitting of another structure can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 3 in an enlarged manner, each of the eaves roof ceiling materials 21 is a rectangular plate-like base material 22 and the back side of the base material 22, that is, the eaves back space 5 side in the construction state of the eaves back ceiling structure. The aluminum multi-layer sheet 24 laminated in an integrally bonded state with an adhesive on the upper side, and the surface side of the base material 22, that is, on the side opposite to the eaves space 5 in the construction state of the eaves ceiling structure And a non-water-permeable surface layer 30 integrally formed on the lower side. As an adhesive for adhering the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 to the base material 22, for example, a urethane resin-based adhesive is used.

The base material 22 is made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board (for example, “Dailite” manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and has a property of easily allowing moisture, moisture, gas, and gas to pass therethrough. Specifically, the volcanic glassy multilayer board is a multilayer board having a thickness of, for example, 12 mm, in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer 22a. In each of the layers 22a and 22b, aluminum hydroxide is mixed as an inorganic powder. The substrate 22 has a density of, for example, 0.5 to 0.9 g / cm ³ . In addition, as for the thickness of the base material 22, 9-18 mm is preferable.

  The aluminum multilayer sheet 24 functions as a waterproof layer for the base material 22, and serves as an aluminum foil 25 and a base material side moisture-proof material integrally bonded to the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 with an adhesive. A three-layer structure of a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and pulp paper 27 as an anti-base material-side moisture-proof material integrally bonded to the opposite side (the non-base side) of the aluminum foil 25 with an adhesive. It consists of sheets.

The aluminum foil 25 functions as a heat shielding material. For example, the thickness of the aluminum foil 25 is about 0.025 to 0.035 mm and is extremely thin, and the weight is about 72.9 to 89.1 g / m ² . The reason for thinning the aluminum foil 25 in this way is that the volcanic glassy multilayer board, which is the base material 22 laminated in an adhesive state, is difficult to break and has excellent dimensional stability, and has a specific gravity compared to a rock wool board or the like. Since the base material 22 is cracked and the strength is high, there is very little possibility that a high-temperature combustion gas enters from that portion and a hole is formed in the aluminum foil 25, and the thin-film aluminum foil 25 having the above-described thickness is very small. However, it is because sufficient strength can be secured, and on the other hand, considering that the thermal conductivity of aluminum is extremely high, the heat transmitted to the back of the eaves can be reduced with the thinnest foil.

  Moreover, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 adhered to the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 and the pulp paper 27 adhered to the non-base material side both prevent the influence of moisture on the aluminum foil 25. This is to prevent the aluminum foil 25 from being corroded by moisture (moisture).

The polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 has a thickness of, for example, about 0.012 mm and a weight of, for example, about 17.0 g / m ² .

On the other hand, the thickness of the pulp paper 27 is, for example, about 0.033 mm, and the weight is, for example, about 0.6-23.0 g / m ² .

  The adhesive for bonding the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 (base material side moisture-proof material) and the pulp paper 27 (anti-base material side moistureproof material) to the aluminum foil 25 is, for example, urethane resin type having moisture resistance. The adhesive is used.

  The surface layer 30 on the surface of the base material 22 is integrated with the non-combustible coating 31 applied on the surface of the base 22 and the surface of the non-combustible coating 31 (the surface opposite to the base 22) with an adhesive. The non-flammable coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32 are both made of a water-impermeable material.

  The nonflammable coating film 31 is made of a nonflammable paint having a gas shielding effect. That is, the nonflammable coating film 31 has a gas shielding effect (gas barrier effect), and is formed by applying a nonflammable coating material having the same effect on the surface of the substrate 22. In order to improve the adhesion of the nonflammable coating film 31 to the base material 22, after forming an undercoat film with an undercoat paint on the surface of the base material 22, the nonflammable paint film 31 is formed on the undercoat paint film. It is desirable to form.

  The non-combustible coating film 31 (non-combustible paint) includes, for example, a lamellar clay mineral that has a swelling property that swells in water as a paint is formed, and a fixing resin. That is, as the layered clay mineral, for example, a layered clay mineral (silicate mineral) having high swellability such as vermiculite or bentonite is used. The swelling property of the layered clay mineral is desirably 20 ml / 2 g or more in the swelling power test of the 15th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia, for example.

  The composition ratio of the layered clay mineral in the incombustible paint is desirably 20 to 80% by weight. If the amount is less than 20% by weight, the nonflammable performance is deteriorated and the function is not exhibited. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 80% by weight, the resin is relatively difficult to enter.

  On the other hand, as the resin, for example, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, or the like is used. The composition ratio of this resin is desirably 20 to 50% by weight. If it is less than 20% by weight, the strength of the coating film becomes too low and the coating film is peeled off. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by weight, the amount of resin as a combustible material increases relatively, and the nonflammability cannot be secured. .

  In addition, inorganic powders such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, and aluminum hydroxide may be added to the incombustible paint as an extender or colorant in an amount of about 0 to 60% by weight.

The application amount of the incombustible coating material may be, for example, about 30 to 150 g / m ² in terms of solid content, and can be appropriately selected according to the design. If the coating amount is too small, the incombustible effect cannot be obtained, and if it is too large, coating becomes difficult.

  The mechanism by which this non-combustible coating 31 (non-combustible paint) shields gas and gas will be explained briefly. The clay mineral particles are layered with a large number of flake components, and water is added during coating. Then, the clay mineral particles absorb water in the paint and swell, the layer between the flake components spreads, and the flake component (layer) enters between the other flake components (interlayer) with mixing. When this paint is applied to the front surface (and the back surface) of the base material 22 and dried with a dryer, the flake components (interlayers) shrink and narrow, and the flake components of the particles enter and mesh with each other. Even if the flammable high temperature gas fixed by the resin tries to permeate between the particles, it is shielded by the meshed flake components, and a gas shielding effect can be obtained. This incombustible coating film 31 is not destroyed even if it is splashed with water.

  On the other hand, the decorative sheet 32 attached to the surface of the non-combustible coating film 31 is printed with, for example, a wood grain pattern on the surface, so that the surface of the eaves ceiling material 21 has a high design finish. For example, it is affixed with a urethane resin adhesive. Specifically, the decorative sheet 30 is made of, for example, resin reinforced paper, and the thickness thereof is, for example, about 0.1 mm.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the eaves ceiling material 21 is formed by forming the surface layer 30 having the non-combustible coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32 on the surface of the base material 22. However, in the construction state where the eaves base material is constructed on the lower side of the eaves space 5 of the building, when the eaves back ceiling material 21 is viewed from the lower side, a high design finish is obtained by the decorative sheet 32 on the surface.

  And since the base material 22 of the eaves ceiling material 21 consists of a volcanic glassy multilayer board which is easy to permeate | transmit moisture, the indoor water vapor | steam which has moved via the shed of a building in the eaves space 5 is cooled. Condensed water is generated, moisture enters the eaves space 5 through the ventilation hardware 15 for ventilation, or rainwater enters the eaves space 5 due to insufficient rain of the eaves. In other words, as shown in FIG. 4, the moisture wt tends to enter the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling member 21 below the eaves back space 5 from the back surface. However, an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated in an adhesive state on the back surface of the base material 22. The aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is composed of an aluminum foil 25 and polyethylene integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil 25. It has a terephthalate resin film 26 and pulp paper 27, and functions as a waterproof layer by a three-layer structure including these aluminum foils 25. Therefore, even if the base material 22 is a volcanic glassy multilayer board that easily transmits moisture wt, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 can prevent the phenomenon of moisture wt from entering the base 22 from the back surface. become. As a result, moisture wt does not enter the base material 22 from the back surface and accumulate at the boundary surface with the water-impermeable surface layer 30, avoiding damage to the appearance of the surface layer 30, A good appearance finish of the ceiling material 21 can be stably maintained over a long period of time.

  Moreover, since the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is a volcanic glassy multilayer board, not only can it be easily cut and the workability is good, but even if a stopper penetrates the peripheral part. It is not cracked and excellent workability is obtained.

  Further, the eaves ceiling material 21 thus constructed under the eaves space 5 of the building is formed by laminating an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including an aluminum foil 25 on the back surface of the base material 22. The material 22 (volcanic vitreous multilayer board) is a material through which combustion gas passes in the event of a fire (permeating not only moisture but also gas). Even if the combustion gas tries to pass through the back side of the base material 22, The aluminum foil 25 functions as a heat blocking layer that blocks combustion gas, and the heat blocking effect (gas shielding effect) of the aluminum foil 25 makes it difficult for the combustion gas and its heat during a fire to be transmitted to the eaves space 5, It is possible to prevent the eaves from spreading by suppressing the wooden eaves base material from rising to the ignition temperature and the eaves back space 5 from rising in temperature.

  The base material 22 is a lightweight volcanic vitreous multilayer board in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a. And if the base material is a cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate material, these plate materials contain free water and bound water, so the free water and bound water evaporate with heating during a fire and rapidly By contracting, the plate material is cracked. On the other hand, unlike the cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate material, the base material 22 made of this volcanic vitreous multilayered plate is unlikely to generate cracks like the cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate material. Since the shrinkage due to heating is small, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 on the back side is detached due to cracking or shrinkage due to heating of the base material 22, or the nonflammable coating film 31 on the surface layer 30 is cracked or peeled off. Alternatively, the possibility that the base material 22 falls off becomes extremely low. As a result, even if the eaves ceiling material 21 is heated for a long time of 45 minutes or more during a fire, the heat shielding function of the aluminum foil 25 and the gas shielding function of the nonflammable coating 31 in the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 are stabilized. Can be maintained. Therefore, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material 21 can be improved without requiring a separate heat insulating material.

  In addition, since aluminum hydroxide is mixed in the volcanic glassy multilayer board as the base material 22 of the eaves ceiling material 21, crystal water is pyrolyzed and released when heat is generated, and the temperature rises due to the endothermic reaction. Can be reduced.

  And the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 adhere | attached on the back surface of the base material 22 which consists of this volcanic glassy multilayer board is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 as a base material side moisture-proof material on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25. In addition, since the pulp paper 27 is integrally bonded to the non-base material side as a moisture-proof material on the anti-base material side, even if the aluminum foil 25 tries to come into contact with surrounding moisture and moisture, it is a polyethylene terephthalate resin system. Pulp which is suppressed by the film 26 and the pulp paper 27, and the aluminum foil 25 can be moisture-proofed by the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 from the base material 22 side, and is impregnated with a moisture-proof urethane resin adhesive from the non-base material side. The paper 27 can prevent moisture. Moreover, since the adhesive for adhering the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 to the aluminum foil 25 is also moisture-proof, for example, urethane resin, the aluminum foil 25 is also moisture-proof by the adhesive. The As a result, corrosion of the aluminum foil 25 can be effectively prevented in advance, and even if a long period of time elapses after construction, no hole is opened in the aluminum foil 25 due to corrosion, and the original heat shielding effect is fired. It can be surely demonstrated at times.

  Further, since the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is obtained by integrating the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 with the aluminum foil 25 by bonding with an adhesive, in the unlikely event of a fire, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film Even if the 26 or the pulp paper 27 is burned, further fire spread is suppressed by the structure in which they are integrated with the aluminum foil 25. In addition, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 both have a lower calorific value during combustion than other resins (for example, polyethylene terephthalate resin is about 5500 kcal / kg, and paper is about 5000 kcal / kg). On the other hand, polyethylene resin is about 11000 kcal / kg, polypropylene resin is about 11100 kcal / kg), and accordingly, when these are burned, the temperature of the eaves space 5 can be prevented from excessively rising, thus spreading the fire. I can stop.

  Moreover, since the surface layer 30 provided on the base material 22 surface of the eaves-back ceiling material 21 has a non-flammable coating 31 made of a non-flammable paint having a gas shielding effect, the eaves-back ceiling material 21 is applied. The surface of the eaves ceiling material 21 is exposed to a flame such as a fire, and high-temperature gas directly penetrates the eaves ceiling material 21 from the surface of the eaves ceiling material 21 and enters the eaves space 5. Even so (the decorative sheet 32 burns and disappears), the high-temperature gas is shielded by the non-combustible coating 31 on the surface side of the base material 22 (eave back ceiling material 21). This suppresses the entry of high-temperature gas into the eaves space 5 and further suppresses the increase in the temperature of the eaves space 5.

  The eaves ceiling material 21 has a structure in which an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including an aluminum foil 25 is laminated in advance on the back side (upper side) of the base material 22. For the purpose of improving the fire resistance of the eaves, it is greatly different from the structure in which the eaves back ceiling material itself is used as a base material and aluminum foil is laminated on the back surface. In other words, when aluminum foil is laminated on the back surface of the eaves-backed ceiling material itself as a base material, the aluminum foil is a base that avoids damage during construction (the damage and loss of the waterproofing and thermal insulation effects of the aluminum foil due to this damage). It is necessary to work with the entire material in close contact, and if there is a non-adherent location where the aluminum foil does not partially adhere to the base material, if a crack occurs in the eaves ceiling material during a fire, Combustion gas (flame) will enter. However, since the handleability of a thin aluminum foil of about 0.03 mm as in this embodiment is low, such construction is substantially difficult. For handling, if you use an aluminum sheet with a certain thickness rather than an aluminum foil and stack it, this time, it will be difficult for nails and screws to penetrate the aluminum sheet during construction. Workability is reduced.

  On the other hand, in the eaves ceiling material 21 according to the present embodiment, an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including an aluminum foil 25 is integrally laminated in advance on the back side of the base material 22 made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board. Therefore, while using a thin aluminum foil 25, the handleability of the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is increased, there is almost no room for the above problems, and the construction of the eaves ceiling material 21 is facilitated. There is a great advantage over a structure in which an eaves back ceiling material itself is used as a base material and an aluminum foil is bonded to the back surface thereof.

  Moreover, since the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is laminated in advance in a state of being integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material 22 with an adhesive, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is always the base material 22. Thus, the eaves back ceiling material 21 can be constructed more satisfactorily.

  According to the present invention, specifically, a substrate having a thickness of 12 mm made of a volcanic vitreous multilayer plate in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a, respectively. An aluminum multilayer in which a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 is bonded to the base side of an aluminum foil 25 having a thickness of 0.03 mm, and a pulp paper 27 is bonded to the opposite side of the base paper 22 by a urethane resin adhesive on the back surface of 22. The eaves-back quasi-refractory structure for 45 minutes is obtained by the eaves-back ceiling structure in which the single eaves-back ceiling material 21 to which the sheet 24 is bonded is applied.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 shows an eaves-in-ceiling structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention (note that the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted). The ventilation structure is changed.

  In this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the ventilated hardware 15 is constructed at an intermediate portion of the eaves and the eaves. The plurality of eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21,... Are arranged so that the length direction is along the eaves edge edge 8 and the eaves edge edge 11, and the eaves edge edge 8, the eaves edge edge 11, and the eave sky. It is fixedly mounted over the mounting field edge 12. A space is provided between the adjacent eaves back and ceiling materials 21, 21, and ventilation hardware 15 is disposed at this space. The ventilated hardware 15 has a hardware main body 16 made of a long and thin plate material having a substantially hat-shaped cross section having a concave groove portion 16f recessed upward in the widthwise intermediate portion, and the concave groove portion 16f has a groove width on the groove bottom side. The dovetail shape is wider than the opening side. And the ventilation metal fitting 15 fits the outer surface of the concave groove portion 16f into the space between the eaves-back ceiling materials 21 and 21, and presses the end portion of the eaves-back ceiling material 21 at both ends in the width direction other than the concave groove portion 16f. Further, the both ends of the length direction and the intermediate portion are screwed to the eaves mounting attachment edge 12 with screws V. Further, a plurality of ventilation holes (not shown in FIG. 5) are formed through the bottom of the groove 16f along the length direction of the groove 16f. Ventilation with the atmosphere). Note that both end portions in the length direction of the recessed groove portion 16f are closed by end caps (not shown) attached to one end portion of the hardware main body 16. Other configurations of the eaves back ceiling material 21 and the eaves back ceiling structure are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be achieved even in the eaves back ceiling structure in which the ventilation hardware 15 is in the middle part of the eaves.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, the non-water-permeable surface layer 30 provided on the surface of the base material 22 has a composite structure of the non-flammable coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32. It may be a composite structure of the film 31 and a water-impermeable decorative coating film formed on the surface thereof by coating, or may be composed of only the nonflammable coating film 31. Alternatively, the nonflammable coating 31 may be eliminated, and only the decorative sheet 32 attached to the surface of the substrate 22 or only the decorative coating applied to the surface of the substrate 22 may be used.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, the polyethylene terephthalate resin-type film 26 as a base material side moisture-proof material is formed in the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25, and the anti-base material side moistureproof is provided on the anti-base material side. The pulp paper 27 as a material has a three-layer structure in which each is integrally bonded with an adhesive, but conversely, the pulp paper 27 is on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 and the polyethylene terephthalate resin is on the non-base material side. A structure in which the system films 26 are integrally bonded by an adhesive may be employed. Alternatively, polyethylene terephthalate resin films 26 and 26 or pulp paper 27 and 27 may be bonded to both the base material side and the non-base material side of the aluminum foil 25. Furthermore, as the moisture-proof material on the base material side and the anti-base material side, materials other than the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 can be used.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the eaves ceiling material 21 shall be laminated | stacked and integrated on the back surface of the base material 22 which consists of a volcanic glassy multilayer board 24, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is integrated, Instead, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 may have a structure simply laminated on the back surface of the base material 22. That is, for example, in a construction site, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated without being bonded on the back surface of the base material 22 or simply placed, or the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is pasted on the back surface of the base material 22. It is good also as a structure laminated | stacked in a state. In this way, the effect of the structure in which the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated and integrated on the back surface of the base material 22 in an adhesive state cannot be achieved, but other effects can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in each said embodiment, although the ventilation metal fitting 16 for ventilating the eaves space 5 of the eaves-rear ceiling structure is provided, the ventilator of another structure may be provided, or a vent is provided and eaves The back space 5 may be ventilated.

  Next, the Example implemented concretely regarding the fireproof performance of the eaves back ceiling material is demonstrated.

[Test 1]
(Example)
The base material of eaves back ceiling material is a 12mm thick volcanic glassy multilayer board in which a rock wool layer of 2.5mm thickness is laminated and integrated on both sides of a 7mm thick volcanic glassy sediment layer. ("Dailite" manufactured by Daiken Industry Co., Ltd.). The aluminum multilayer sheet is a urethane resin-based adhesive with 0.012 mm thick polyethylene terephthalate resin film on one side of 0.03 mm thick aluminum foil and 0.033 mm thick pulp paper on the other side. A composite sheet having a three-layer structure bonded integrally with the agent was obtained. Then, this aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material with a urethane resin adhesive so that the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is on the base material side and the pulp paper is on the anti-base material side. A sample of eaves ceiling material was used. The density of the eaves back ceiling material was 0.6 g / cm ³ .

(Comparative Example 1)
In the examples, it was assumed that there was no aluminum multilayer sheet, and a volcanic vitreous multilayer board itself having a thickness of 12 mm was used as a sample of eaves ceiling material.

(Comparative Example 2)
A calcium silicate plate having a thickness of 14 mm is used as a base material, and the same aluminum multilayer sheet as that of the example is formed on the back surface thereof, and a urethane resin system such that the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is on the base material side and the pulp paper is on the anti-base material side. A sample of eaves ceiling material was obtained by integrally bonding with an adhesive. The density of the eaves back ceiling material was 1.1 g / cm ³ .

  A quasi-fire resistance test was performed on the samples of Examples and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 by continuously applying a flame of a burner from the surface side of the substrate. FIG. 6 shows the temperature of the sample and its state when 45 minutes have elapsed from the start of the test.

  As is clear from FIG. 6, in the example in which the aluminum multilayer sheet was adhered to the back surface of the base material composed of the volcanic glassy multilayer board, the temperature rise was low even after 45 minutes, and the base material cracked. There is no dropout due to. In Comparative Example 1 of the volcanic vitreous multilayer board itself, the dropout due to cracking does not occur as in the Example, but the temperature is higher than in the Example. And in the comparative example 2 whose base material is a calcium silicate board, even if the aluminum multilayer sheet of an Example is adhere | attached on the back surface, a base material is cracking and falling off, The heat-blocking effect of an aluminum multilayer sheet Is not being utilized. Thus, as in the invention of the present application, in the eaves roof ceiling material, the heat shielding function of the aluminum foil is stabilized by using the volcanic glassy laminate as the base material and integrally bonding the aluminum multilayer sheet to the back surface thereof. It can be seen that the fire resistance of the eaves ceiling material can be improved.

[Test 2]
In addition, aluminum composite is formed on the back surface (surface on the eaves space side) of a 12 mm thick base material made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board in which rock wool layers are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer. The layer sheets were bonded together. At that time, the aluminum multi-layer sheet was bonded to a base material side of an aluminum foil with a polyethylene terephthalate resin film for moisture prevention, and a pulp paper was bonded to the non-base material side. 2 and the "eave back film" eaves test specimen in which pulp paper is bonded to the base side of the aluminum foil and polyethylene terephthalate resin film is bonded to the opposite base side. Kinds were made. In any type, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film has a specific gravity of 1.4, a thickness of 12 μm, and a weight of 17 g / m ² . On the other hand, a thin paper having a basis weight of 23 g / m ² was used as the pulp paper.

  The eaves roof ceiling structure used for the fire resistance test was constructed by a wooden frame construction method, and a standard plate made of 8mm thick fiber-mixed calcium silicate plate was installed on the part facing the back of the hut, As the outer coating, two fiber-mixed calcium silicate plates with a thickness of 25 mm were laminated and the indoor coating was a gypsum board with a thickness of 12.5 mm. The eaves roof had a gradient of 3/10, and two fibre-mixed calcium silicate plates with a thickness of 25 mm were spread over a 45 × 85 mm rafter. A 45x45mm field edge is constructed in a grid pattern on the rafter and fixed with a steel nail with a length of 65mm. On the field edge, the above-mentioned "eave back paper" eaves specimen or "eave back film" eaves The top specimen was fixed with a 38 mm long stainless steel nail. Nasal concealment is made of a wooden base material of 130 × 30 mm and two fiber-mixed calcium silicate plates with a thickness of 25 mm stacked on top of each other. The width of the eaves is 1820mm, the height of the eaves is 500mm, the height to the ceiling of the eaves is 1800mm, the tree species of the pillar is rice pine, and the tree species of other parts (rafters, field edges, nasal cover material) is Yonematsu Or it was rice bran.

  And in the state which has arrange | positioned the thermo-contact of the thermocouple for temperature measurement in three places on the non-heating surface of the said standard board, the temperature when the lower surface of a test body is heated and it continues heating for 45 minutes is thermocoupled. Measurements were taken every minute. In this way, specific temperature rise change data is shown when a 45-minute eaves quasi-refractory heat-burning test is performed on the eaves top materials of “eave back paper” and “eave back film”. 7 shows. In the figure, the unit of the elapsed time column is “minute”. All other columns indicate temperature, and the unit is “° C.”. The column of the temperature difference shows a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the “eave back paper” eave top material from the temperature of the “eave back film” eave top material.

  In addition, the eaves top materials of “eave back paper” and “eave back film” are not heated during the heating on the non-heated side of the standard plate for more than 10 seconds. Each determination condition that there was no flame that continued for more than 10 seconds on the non-heated surface and that the flame did not pass through the standard plate was satisfied.

  As is clear from FIG. 7, when the temperature changes of the eaves top materials of “eave back paper” and “eave back film” are compared, the temperature when reaching 45 minutes is lower than the reference value (140 ° C.). It has become.

  In addition, except for a part in the initial stage of heating, the temperature of the “eave back paper” eaves top material is lower than the temperature of the “eave back film” eaves top material. A temperature difference of 4 ° C. occurs. Considering the reason why this temperature difference occurs, the heat generation amount of the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is about 5500 kcal, whereas the pulp paper is about 3200 kcal, and there is a difference of about 30%. In addition, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is entirely made of resin, it is completely burned, whereas the pulp paper (thin paper) contains inorganic components, so that the amount of heat generation is reduced. Specifically, pulp paper contains a filler, which is a chemical that improves the whiteness, opacity, texture and surface smoothness of the paper and prevents ink loss during printing. (Clay or clay), natural or synthetic white pigments such as kaolin, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide. In fine paper, the filler is used in a weight of about 10% with respect to the dry pulp. That is, the paper contains not only the raw material wood but also inorganic matter. The above temperature difference is caused by the difference in calorific value between the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and the pulp paper, and the temperature of the eaves paper is the eaves material. Is lower and has an advantage in fire resistance.

  Therefore, as in the present invention, the eaves ceiling material having a structure in which an aluminum multilayer sheet in which polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper are arranged on both sides of an aluminum foil is laminated on a base material is applied to the eaves ceiling structure. Therefore, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling structure can be increased.

  The present invention prevents the retention of moisture on the back side of the surface layer even if the base material of the eaves ceiling material is a material that allows moisture and moisture to pass therethrough and a non-permeable surface layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. It is extremely useful and has high industrial applicability because it can maintain a good exterior finish of the eaves ceiling material.

5 Back space 15 Ventilation hardware (ventilator)
21 Back ceiling material 22 Base material 22a Volcanic glassy sediment layer 22b Rock wool layer 24 Aluminum multilayer sheet 25 Aluminum foil 26 Polyethylene terephthalate resin film 27 Pulp paper 30 Surface layer 31 Nonflammable coating film 32 Cosmetic sheet wt Moisture

  The present invention relates to an eaves back ceiling material and an eaves back ceiling structure on which the eaves back ceiling material is constructed.

  In general, in areas where buildings are densely populated, such as urban areas, there is a possibility that great damage will occur due to the spread of fire if a fire breaks out, and such areas are considered to be fire prevention areas or semi-fire prevention areas, and the number of floors and total area of the buildings Buildings based on standards with fire resistance required according to the requirements are required.

  The building eaves also use non-combustible materials such as calcium silicate boards and slag gypsum boards as ceiling eaves to prevent the spread of fire due to a fire in the neighboring house.

  In order to improve the fire resistance of such eaves, conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, as an eaves top member constructed on the eaves, it faces the eaves space of a base material made of a calcium silicate plate or the like. It has been proposed to laminate a fireproof reinforcing layer in which any one of a fireproof heat insulating layer, a heat blocking layer, and an endothermic layer is laminated on the back side. An aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.2 mm is exemplified as the heat blocking layer.

  In the thing of this patent document 1, since the aluminum foil is used as a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation effect of the aluminum foil makes it difficult for heat of combustion gas at the time of a fire in a neighboring house to be transmitted to the eaves space. The effect of suppressing the spread of the eaves by suppressing the temperature rise of the space is obtained.

Japanese Patent No. 5135133

  By the way, in the eaves roof ceiling material, the surface located on the opposite side of the eaves space in the construction state is a part that is exposed to the outside and visible from below, so that for a high design finish, A decorative surface layer is provided by sticking a decorative sheet on which a wood grain pattern or the like is printed or by a finish painting process.

  However, in that case, the following problems arise when the base material of the eaves back ceiling material is a calcium silicate plate or the like that allows moisture and the like to pass therethrough. That is, the eaves space communicates with the shed of the building, and when indoor water vapor moves to the eaves space via the shed and is cooled, condensed water is generated in the eaves space. In addition, outdoor moisture may enter the eaves space through a vent or a ventilator provided for ventilation of the eaves space. Furthermore, the eave is a part close to the roof tip of the building, and if rain is not enough, rainwater can easily enter the space behind the eaves.

  If such intrusion of moisture into the eaves space is sporadic, the moisture is discharged by a vent or a ventilator, so there is no problem, but the ingress of moisture continues and the moisture enters. If the condition that the water is not discharged from the eaves space by the vent or the ventilator continues, the moisture enters the base material of the eaves ceiling material under the eaves space from the back side. In this way, when moisture enters the eaves ceiling material, the moisture moves down inside the base material, but if there is a surface layer of a decorative sheet or coating film on the surface, the surface layer is impermeable. As a result, the movement of moisture and the like is hindered, and the moisture and the like accumulate at the boundary surface with the surface layer. As a result, the appearance of the surface layer may be damaged by moisture accumulated on the back side of the surface layer, and discoloration or expansion / contraction deformation may occur. In extreme cases, the surface layer may be peeled off due to freezing of the accumulated moisture. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such various points, and its purpose is to improve the fire resistance of the eaves ceiling material by adding a device to the structure of the eaves ceiling material, while the base material absorbs moisture and the like. Even if a non-water-permeable surface layer is provided on the surface of the base material, it prevents water from accumulating in the base material on the back side of the surface layer, and provides a good appearance finish for the eaves ceiling material. The purpose is to enable stable maintenance over a long period of time.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the base material of the eaves ceiling material is a volcanic glassy multilayer board that is small in dimensional change when heated and does not break, and has a non-permeable surface layer on its surface. Provided on the back surface was a multilayer sheet of aluminum foil and a moisture-proof material adhered to both sides thereof, and the multilayer sheet was used as a waterproof layer for the substrate.

Specifically, the first invention is an eaves roof ceiling material constructed on the eaves of a building, wherein the rock wool layer is laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer. A base material composed of a multilayer board, a non-permeable surface layer provided on the surface of the base material that is opposite to the eaves space in the construction state, and a base material located on the eaves space side in the construction state An aluminum multilayer sheet as a waterproof layer laminated on the back surface, and the aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally bonded to the aluminum foil and the base material side and the anti-base material surface of the aluminum foil, respectively , aluminum foil have a and the substrate side and the counter substrate side moisture barrier to moisture, the surface layer comprises a non-flammable coating film made of non-flammable coating having a gas shielding effect that is applied to the surface of the substrate, that Cosmetic seams attached to the surface of non-combustible coatings Or characterized by chromatic and decorative coating applied to the surface of the non-combustible coating.

In this 1st invention, it has a nonflammable coating film on the surface of the base material of the eaves back ceiling material, and a decorative coating applied on the surface of the decorative sheet or nonflammable coating film affixed to the surface Although a water-impermeable surface layer is provided, an aluminum multilayer sheet is laminated on the back surface of the substrate, and the aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally formed on each side of the aluminum foil and the aluminum foil. It functions as a waterproof layer by a three-layer structure having a bonded moisture-proof material. Therefore, even if the base material of the eaves back ceiling material is a material that easily transmits moisture, such as a volcanic glassy multilayer board, the aluminum multilayer sheet prevents moisture from entering the base material from the back side. It is possible to prevent moisture from penetrating into the base material from the back side and accumulating between the surface layer and damaging the appearance of the surface layer. It can be stably maintained over a period of time.

  In addition, the aluminum multilayer sheet laminated on the back surface of the base material not only functions as a waterproof layer, but also the aluminum foil functions as a heat blocking layer that blocks the combustion gas. (Effect) makes it difficult for combustion gas during a fire to be transmitted to the eaves space, to suppress the temperature rise of the eaves space, and to prevent the eaves from spreading.

  The base material is a volcanic glassy multilayer board in which rock wool layers are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer, and the volcanic glassy multilayer board is lightweight. It has the property of not cracking even when heated. In other words, volcanic glassy multilayer boards are different from cement-based and calcium silicate-based boards, and these board-based cement-based and calcium silicate-based boards contain free water and bound water. The plate material cracks due to evaporation and rapid shrinkage caused by heating during a fire, whereas volcanic vitreous multi-layer boards are less prone to such cracking and heat shrinkage is small. Therefore, even if it is heated for a long time of 45 minutes or more in a fire, the base material is not cracked, and the back side aluminum multilayer sheet (aluminum foil) is detached from the base material due to cracking or shrinkage of the base material. The possibility of the eaves-back ceiling material falling off from the eaves base material is extremely low, and the fire resistance of the eaves-back ceiling structure can be improved without requiring a separate heat insulating material.

  The aluminum multilayer sheet has a three-layer structure in which the base material side and the anti-base material side moistureproof material are integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil, so that the aluminum foil is in contact with surrounding moisture and moisture. This is suppressed by the base material side and the anti-base material side moisture-proof material, and corrosion of the aluminum foil can be prevented in advance. As a result, even if a long period of time elapses, no hole is opened in the aluminum foil due to corrosion, and the original heat shielding effect (gas shielding effect) can be reliably exhibited.

Further, the surface layer has a non-combustible coating film made of a non-combustible coating material having a gas shielding effect applied to the surface of the substrate, and a decorative sheet or a decorative coating film provided on the surface, When the back ceiling material is installed, the surface of the eaves ceiling is exposed to a flame such as a fire, and high-temperature gas directly permeates the eaves back ceiling material from the surface of the eaves back ceiling material and enters the eaves back space. Even if it tries, the high temperature gas will be shielded by the said nonflammable coating film in the surface side of a base material (eave back ceiling material). This suppresses the entry of high-temperature gas into the eaves space and suppresses an increase in the temperature of the eaves space.

  The second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the substrate-side moisture-proof material is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film, and the anti-substrate-side moisture-proof material is pulp paper.

  In the second aspect of the invention, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is disposed on the base side of the aluminum foil and the pulp paper is disposed on the side opposite to the base material, the aluminum foil is made of the base material with the polyethylene terephthalate resin film. While it can be moisture-proof from the side, the pulp paper can moisture-proof the aluminum foil from the non-base material side by being impregnated with the adhesive.

  In addition, since the aluminum multilayer sheet is an aluminum foil in which a polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper are bonded and integrated, in the unlikely event that a polyethylene terephthalate resin film or pulp paper burns in the event of a fire However, further spread of fire is suppressed by the integral structure with the aluminum foil. Moreover, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper both have a lower calorific value at the time of combustion than other resins, the temperature of the eaves space rises excessively when they burn. It can prevent the spread of fire.

  A third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the aluminum multilayer sheet of the eaves-backing ceiling material is integrally bonded and laminated on the back surface of the base material.

In this third invention, since the aluminum multilayer sheet is laminated in advance in a state of being integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material, the aluminum multilayer sheet is always handled as being integrated with the base material. The construction can be performed satisfactorily .

A fourth invention relates to an eaves-back ceiling structure, and this eaves-back ceiling structure is characterized in that any one of the eaves-back ceiling materials of the first to third inventions is constructed. This invention can achieve the same effects as the first invention.

The fifth invention is characterized in that, in the fourth invention, a ventilation port or ventilation device for the eaves space is provided.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, if an air vent or ventilator is provided in the eaves space, it is possible to circulate outside air through the eaves space and prevent the corrosion of the wood due to moisture accumulation. When the weather is severe, rainwater infiltrates into the back of the eaves ceiling material and the water accumulates on the back of the eaves ceiling material. Even so, the aluminum multi-layer sheet prevents the base material from coming into contact with moisture and moisture, preventing water from accumulating in the base material and reducing the exterior finish of the eaves ceiling material. Can be surely prevented.

As described above, according to the present invention, as an eaves ceiling ceiling material to be constructed on the eaves of a building, it is attached to the surface of a base material composed of a volcanic glassy multilayer board and a non-combustible coating film. A non-water-permeable surface layer having a decorative sheet or a non-flammable coating film applied on the surface of the non-flammable coating film, and a moisture-proof material on the back side and on the opposite side of the aluminum foil on the back side, respectively. By laminating aluminum multilayer sheets that are integrally bonded to each other, even if it is a base material that easily permeates moisture, such as a volcanic glassy multilayer board, moisture enters the base material from the back side. The aluminum multi-layer sheet prevents the moisture that has entered the base material from the back side from accumulating between the surface layer and the appearance of the surface layer. Maintain stable over a long period of time It can be. Further, by preventing the combustion gas from entering the eaves back space by the heat shielding effect of the aluminum foil, it is possible to suppress the elevating of the eaves by suppressing the temperature rise of the eaves back space. In addition, due to the characteristics of the base material composed of volcanic glassy multilayer boards, the base material will crack and the aluminum foil may be detached from the base material or the eaves ceiling material may fall off even if heated for a long time during a fire. No, it can improve the fire resistance of the eaves ceiling material. Furthermore, by the aluminum multilayer sheet in which the moisture-proof material is integrally bonded to the base material side and the non-base material side of the aluminum foil, the moisture-proof material suppresses the aluminum foil from contacting the surrounding moisture and moisture, Corrosion of the aluminum foil can be prevented for a long period of time, and the original heat shielding effect of the aluminum foil can be reliably exhibited. Thus, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material can be enhanced, and therefore, maintenance of a good appearance finish of the eaves back ceiling material and fire resistance can be achieved together.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an eaves back ceiling structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part of the ventilated hardware in the eaves back space. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the eaves back ceiling material. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the aluminum multilayer sheet of the eaves back ceiling material exhibits a waterproof function for the base material. FIG. 5: is a perspective view which shows the eaves back ceiling structure which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention in the state from which the ventilation metal fitting was removed. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a temperature rise and a state when a sample of the eaves-backed ceiling material is heated for 45 minutes for the semi-fire resistance test in Test 1. FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a test result according to Test 2. In FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description of the embodiments is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use at all.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows an eaves-in-ceiling structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and this eaves-in-ceiling structure is constructed, for example, in an eaves of a wooden detached house (building). This eave protrudes outward from the outer wall W of the house, and has a purlin 2 outside the figure and a rafter 2 stretched over the eaves girder 1 according to the slope of the roof as a main structure, and these are made of a wood material. . An eaves tip portion of the rafter 2, an eaves girder 1 that supports the rafter 2, and a nose cover 3 that is arranged outside the eaves girder 1 in parallel with the eaves girder 1 and is fixed to the rafter 2 so as to hide its tip. The eaves are made up of. On the lower side of the eaves, an eaves back space 5 having a triangular cross section is defined in a portion surrounded by the rafters 2, the eaves girder 1 and the nose cover 3, and a lower opening 5a (outer wall) of the eaves back space 5 is formed. .. Are closed by a plurality of rectangular plate-shaped eaves-back ceiling materials 21, 21,...

  A nose cover base material 7 is attached to the tip of the rafter 2 on the back side (inside) of the nose cover 3, and an eaves edge 8 is suspended and supported at the lower end of the nose cover base material 7. ing. An eaves field edge 11 is fixed to the eaves girder 1 with a screw V or the like through an outer wall base material 10 made of a face material and a trunk edge 9 thereon, and the eaves field edge 11 is also made of a wood material. As the outer wall base material 10, for example, a face material such as “Dielight” manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd., a shearing board, a structural plywood, and OSB is used. Between the eaves edge 8 and the eaves edge 11, a plurality of eaves mounting field edges 12, 12,... Made of wood materials arranged at regular intervals along the eaves girder 1 are connected. Wooden eaves base material for constructing eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21,... By nose-covering base material 7, eaves field edge 8, eaves field edge 11, and eaves top attachment field edge 12, 12,. Is configured.

  A plurality of eaves ceiling materials 21, 21,... Are arranged in the opening 5 a of the eaves space 5 in a state where they are abutted in the width direction without any gaps, and each peripheral edge is a stopper such as a nail or a screw. (It is not shown in figure) It fixes to the upper eaves top attachment field edge 12 and the eaves edge field edge 8, and the eaves back ceiling material 21 is constructed by the eaves back by this. In addition, an inner wall base material 13 is constructed on the indoor side of the eaves girder 1, and this inner wall base material 13 is made of a face material such as “Dielight”, gypsum board, plywood, etc. manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd. A cloth and a decorative board are affixed to the interior wall surface. Moreover, in FIG. 1, 14 is an indoor ceiling material.

  The inner end of each of the eaves ceiling materials 21 is constructed with a gap between the eaves ceiling material 21 and the outer wall W, and the eaves space 5 is formed between the eaves ceiling material 21 and the outer wall W. A ventilating hardware 15 (ventilator) is provided for ventilation. The ventilation hardware 15 has a long metal body 16 made of, for example, a galvanized steel plate or a stainless steel plate that extends along the direction in which the eaves-back ceiling materials are arranged. As shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner, the hardware main body 16 includes a lower horizontal portion 16a that extends horizontally and is mounted and fixed on the upper end of the outer wall W at the inner end portion, and an outer end of the lower horizontal portion 16a. And an inner vertical wall portion 16b extending upward from the portion. An upper horizontal portion 16c that extends horizontally outward and then folds back and extends horizontally inward is continuous with the upper end of the inner vertical wall portion 16b. It is attached and fixed to the attachment field edge 12 in a state of being sandwiched between the eave ceiling attachment field edge 12 and the eaves back ceiling material 21. An outer vertical wall portion 16d extending obliquely inward toward the lower side is connected to the inner end portion of the lower portion of the upper horizontal portion 16c, and a lower end portion of the outer vertical wall portion 16d is connected to the lower end portion of the outer horizontal wall portion 16d. The parting part 16e bent so as to extend upward after extending outward is connected. The parting portion 16e extends outward at the same height as the lower horizontal portion 16a, and an outer end portion (tip portion) thereof is close to or in contact with the lower surface of the eaves back ceiling material 21. And the upper horizontal part 16c located between the inner vertical wall part 16b and the outer vertical wall part 16d is formed with a plurality of ventilation holes 17, 17,. The eaves space 5 is ventilated between the outside space (atmosphere) using the ventilation hole 17 and the space between the inner and outer vertical wall portions 16b and 16d as a ventilation passage 18.

  A concave groove portion 16f that opens toward the outer vertical wall portion 16d is formed in the upper and lower intermediate portions of the inner vertical wall portion 16b of the hardware body 16. The recessed groove portion 16f is filled with a foam material 19 made of expanded graphite or the like which is expanded (foamed) at a predetermined temperature (for example, 180 ° C.) or more and is filled in the ventilation passage 18, and is expanded in the event of a fire. The ventilation passage 18 is blocked by the expansion of 19 so as to prevent flames and high-temperature gas from entering the eaves space 5 through the ventilation passage 18.

  In addition, the said ventilation metal fitting 15 is an illustration, and it cannot be overemphasized that the ventilation metal fitting of another structure can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 3 in an enlarged manner, each of the eaves roof ceiling materials 21 is a rectangular plate-like base material 22 and the back side of the base material 22, that is, the eaves back space 5 side in the construction state of the eaves back ceiling structure. The aluminum multi-layer sheet 24 laminated in an integrally bonded state with an adhesive on the upper side, and the surface side of the base material 22, that is, on the side opposite to the eaves space 5 in the construction state of the eaves ceiling structure And a non-water-permeable surface layer 30 integrally formed on the lower side. As an adhesive for adhering the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 to the base material 22, for example, a urethane resin-based adhesive is used.

The base material 22 is made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board (for example, “Dailite” manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and has a property of easily allowing moisture, moisture, gas, and gas to pass therethrough. Specifically, the volcanic glassy multilayer board is a multilayer board having a thickness of, for example, 12 mm, in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer 22a. In each of the layers 22a and 22b, aluminum hydroxide is mixed as an inorganic powder. The substrate 22 has a density of, for example, 0.5 to 0.9 g / cm ³ . In addition, as for the thickness of the base material 22, 9-18 mm is preferable.

  The aluminum multilayer sheet 24 functions as a waterproof layer for the base material 22, and serves as an aluminum foil 25 and a base material side moisture-proof material integrally bonded to the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 with an adhesive. A three-layer structure of a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and pulp paper 27 as an anti-base material-side moisture-proof material integrally bonded to the opposite side (the non-base side) of the aluminum foil 25 with an adhesive. It consists of sheets.

The aluminum foil 25 functions as a heat shielding material. For example, the thickness of the aluminum foil 25 is about 0.025 to 0.035 mm and is extremely thin, and the weight is about 72.9 to 89.1 g / m ² . The reason for thinning the aluminum foil 25 in this way is that the volcanic glassy multilayer board, which is the base material 22 laminated in an adhesive state, is difficult to break and has excellent dimensional stability, and has a specific gravity compared to a rock wool board or the like. Since the base material 22 is cracked and the strength is high, there is very little possibility that a high-temperature combustion gas enters from that portion and a hole is formed in the aluminum foil 25, and the thin-film aluminum foil 25 having the above-described thickness is very small. However, it is because sufficient strength can be secured, and on the other hand, considering that the thermal conductivity of aluminum is extremely high, the heat transmitted to the back of the eaves can be reduced with the thinnest foil.

  Moreover, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 adhered to the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 and the pulp paper 27 adhered to the non-base material side both prevent the influence of moisture on the aluminum foil 25. This is to prevent the aluminum foil 25 from being corroded by moisture (moisture).

The polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 has a thickness of, for example, about 0.012 mm and a weight of, for example, about 17.0 g / m ² .

On the other hand, the thickness of the pulp paper 27 is, for example, about 0.033 mm, and the weight is, for example, about 0.6-23.0 g / m ² .

  The adhesive for bonding the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 (base material side moisture-proof material) and the pulp paper 27 (anti-base material side moistureproof material) to the aluminum foil 25 is, for example, urethane resin type having moisture resistance. The adhesive is used.

  The surface layer 30 on the surface of the base material 22 is integrated with the non-combustible coating 31 applied on the surface of the base 22 and the surface of the non-combustible coating 31 (the surface opposite to the base 22) with an adhesive. The non-flammable coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32 are both made of a water-impermeable material.

  The nonflammable coating film 31 is made of a nonflammable paint having a gas shielding effect. That is, the nonflammable coating film 31 has a gas shielding effect (gas barrier effect), and is formed by applying a nonflammable coating material having the same effect on the surface of the substrate 22. In order to improve the adhesion of the nonflammable coating film 31 to the base material 22, after forming an undercoat film with an undercoat paint on the surface of the base material 22, the nonflammable paint film 31 is formed on the undercoat paint film. It is desirable to form.

  The non-combustible coating film 31 (non-combustible paint) includes, for example, a lamellar clay mineral that has a swelling property that swells in water as a paint is formed, and a fixing resin. That is, as the layered clay mineral, for example, a layered clay mineral (silicate mineral) having high swellability such as vermiculite or bentonite is used. The swelling property of the layered clay mineral is desirably 20 ml / 2 g or more in the swelling power test of the 15th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia, for example.

  The composition ratio of the layered clay mineral in the incombustible paint is desirably 20 to 80% by weight. If the amount is less than 20% by weight, the nonflammable performance is deteriorated and the function is not exhibited. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 80% by weight, the resin is relatively difficult to enter.

  On the other hand, as the resin, for example, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, or the like is used. The composition ratio of this resin is desirably 20 to 50% by weight. If it is less than 20% by weight, the strength of the coating film becomes too low and the coating film is peeled off. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by weight, the amount of resin as a combustible material increases relatively, and the nonflammability cannot be secured. .

  In addition, inorganic powders such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, and aluminum hydroxide may be added to the incombustible paint as an extender or colorant in an amount of about 0 to 60% by weight.

The application amount of the incombustible coating material may be, for example, about 30 to 150 g / m ² in terms of solid content, and can be appropriately selected according to the design. If the coating amount is too small, the incombustible effect cannot be obtained, and if it is too large, coating becomes difficult.

  The mechanism by which this non-combustible coating 31 (non-combustible paint) shields gas and gas will be explained briefly. The clay mineral particles are layered with a large number of flake components, and water is added during coating. Then, the clay mineral particles absorb water in the paint and swell, the layer between the flake components spreads, and the flake component (layer) enters between the other flake components (interlayer) with mixing. When this paint is applied to the front surface (and the back surface) of the base material 22 and dried with a dryer, the flake components (interlayers) shrink and narrow, and the flake components of the particles enter and mesh with each other. Even if the flammable high temperature gas fixed by the resin tries to permeate between the particles, it is shielded by the meshed flake components, and a gas shielding effect can be obtained. This incombustible coating film 31 is not destroyed even if it is splashed with water.

  On the other hand, the decorative sheet 32 attached to the surface of the non-combustible coating film 31 is printed with, for example, a wood grain pattern on the surface, so that the surface of the eaves ceiling material 21 has a high design finish. For example, it is affixed with a urethane resin adhesive. Specifically, the decorative sheet 30 is made of, for example, resin reinforced paper, and the thickness thereof is, for example, about 0.1 mm.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the eaves ceiling material 21 is formed by forming the surface layer 30 having the non-combustible coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32 on the surface of the base material 22. However, in the construction state where the eaves base material is constructed on the lower side of the eaves space 5 of the building, when the eaves back ceiling material 21 is viewed from the lower side, a high design finish is obtained by the decorative sheet 32 on the surface.

  And since the base material 22 of the eaves ceiling material 21 consists of a volcanic glassy multilayer board which is easy to permeate | transmit moisture, the indoor water vapor | steam which has moved via the shed of a building in the eaves space 5 is cooled. Condensed water is generated, moisture enters the eaves space 5 through the ventilation hardware 15 for ventilation, or rainwater enters the eaves space 5 due to insufficient rain of the eaves. In other words, as shown in FIG. 4, the moisture wt tends to enter the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling member 21 below the eaves back space 5 from the back surface. However, an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated in an adhesive state on the back surface of the base material 22. The aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is composed of an aluminum foil 25 and polyethylene integrally bonded to both sides of the aluminum foil 25. It has a terephthalate resin film 26 and pulp paper 27, and functions as a waterproof layer by a three-layer structure including these aluminum foils 25. Therefore, even if the base material 22 is a volcanic glassy multilayer board that easily transmits moisture wt, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 can prevent the phenomenon of moisture wt from entering the base 22 from the back surface. become. As a result, moisture wt does not enter the base material 22 from the back surface and accumulate at the boundary surface with the water-impermeable surface layer 30, avoiding damage to the appearance of the surface layer 30, A good appearance finish of the ceiling material 21 can be stably maintained over a long period of time.

  Moreover, since the base material 22 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is a volcanic glassy multilayer board, not only can it be easily cut and the workability is good, but even if a stopper penetrates the peripheral part. It is not cracked and excellent workability is obtained.

  Further, the eaves ceiling material 21 thus constructed under the eaves space 5 of the building is formed by laminating an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including an aluminum foil 25 on the back surface of the base material 22. The material 22 (volcanic vitreous multilayer board) is a material through which combustion gas passes in the event of a fire (permeating not only moisture but also gas). Even if the combustion gas tries to pass through the back side of the base material 22, The aluminum foil 25 functions as a heat blocking layer that blocks combustion gas, and the heat blocking effect (gas shielding effect) of the aluminum foil 25 makes it difficult for the combustion gas and its heat during a fire to be transmitted to the eaves space 5, It is possible to prevent the eaves from spreading by suppressing the wooden eaves base material from rising to the ignition temperature and the eaves back space 5 from rising in temperature.

  The base material 22 is a lightweight volcanic vitreous multilayer board in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a. And if the base material is a cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate material, these plate materials contain free water and bound water, so the free water and bound water evaporate with heating during a fire and rapidly By contracting, the plate material is cracked. On the other hand, unlike the cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate material, the base material 22 made of this volcanic vitreous multilayered plate is unlikely to generate cracks like the cement-based or calcium silicate-based plate material. Since the shrinkage due to heating is small, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 on the back side is detached due to cracking or shrinkage due to heating of the base material 22, or the nonflammable coating film 31 on the surface layer 30 is cracked or peeled off. Alternatively, the possibility that the base material 22 falls off becomes extremely low. As a result, even if the eaves ceiling material 21 is heated for a long time of 45 minutes or more during a fire, the heat shielding function of the aluminum foil 25 and the gas shielding function of the nonflammable coating 31 in the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 are stabilized. Can be maintained. Therefore, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling material 21 can be improved without requiring a separate heat insulating material.

  In addition, since aluminum hydroxide is mixed in the volcanic glassy multilayer board as the base material 22 of the eaves ceiling material 21, crystal water is pyrolyzed and released when heat is generated, and the temperature rises due to the endothermic reaction. Can be reduced.

  And the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 adhere | attached on the back surface of the base material 22 which consists of this volcanic glassy multilayer board is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 as a base material side moisture-proof material on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25. In addition, since the pulp paper 27 is integrally bonded to the non-base material side as a moisture-proof material on the anti-base material side, even if the aluminum foil 25 tries to come into contact with surrounding moisture and moisture, it is a polyethylene terephthalate resin system. Pulp which is suppressed by the film 26 and the pulp paper 27, and the aluminum foil 25 can be moisture-proofed by the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 from the base material 22 side, and is impregnated with a moisture-proof urethane resin adhesive from the non-base material side. The paper 27 can prevent moisture. Moreover, since the adhesive for adhering the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 to the aluminum foil 25 is also moisture-proof, for example, urethane resin, the aluminum foil 25 is also moisture-proof by the adhesive. The As a result, corrosion of the aluminum foil 25 can be effectively prevented in advance, and even if a long period of time elapses after construction, no hole is opened in the aluminum foil 25 due to corrosion, and the original heat shielding effect is fired. It can be surely demonstrated at times.

  Further, since the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is obtained by integrating the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 with the aluminum foil 25 by bonding with an adhesive, in the unlikely event of a fire, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film Even if the 26 or the pulp paper 27 is burned, further fire spread is suppressed by the structure in which they are integrated with the aluminum foil 25. In addition, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 both have a lower calorific value during combustion than other resins (for example, polyethylene terephthalate resin is about 5500 kcal / kg, and paper is about 5000 kcal / kg). On the other hand, polyethylene resin is about 11000 kcal / kg, polypropylene resin is about 11100 kcal / kg), and accordingly, when these are burned, the temperature of the eaves space 5 can be prevented from excessively rising, thus spreading the fire. I can stop.

  Moreover, since the surface layer 30 provided on the base material 22 surface of the eaves-back ceiling material 21 has a non-flammable coating 31 made of a non-flammable paint having a gas shielding effect, the eaves-back ceiling material 21 is applied. The surface of the eaves ceiling material 21 is exposed to a flame such as a fire, and high-temperature gas directly penetrates the eaves ceiling material 21 from the surface of the eaves ceiling material 21 and enters the eaves space 5. Even so (the decorative sheet 32 burns and disappears), the high-temperature gas is shielded by the non-combustible coating 31 on the surface side of the base material 22 (eave back ceiling material 21). This suppresses the entry of high-temperature gas into the eaves space 5 and further suppresses the increase in the temperature of the eaves space 5.

  The eaves ceiling material 21 has a structure in which an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including an aluminum foil 25 is laminated in advance on the back side (upper side) of the base material 22. For the purpose of improving the fire resistance of the eaves, it is greatly different from the structure in which the eaves back ceiling material itself is used as a base material and aluminum foil is laminated on the back surface. In other words, when aluminum foil is laminated on the back surface of the eaves-backed ceiling material itself as a base material, the aluminum foil is a base that avoids damage during construction (the damage and loss of the waterproofing and thermal insulation effects of the aluminum foil due to this damage). It is necessary to work with the entire material in close contact, and if there is a non-adherent location where the aluminum foil does not partially adhere to the base material, if a crack occurs in the eaves ceiling material during a fire, Combustion gas (flame) will enter. However, since the handleability of a thin aluminum foil of about 0.03 mm as in this embodiment is low, such construction is substantially difficult. For handling, if you use an aluminum sheet with a certain thickness rather than an aluminum foil and stack it, this time, it will be difficult for nails and screws to penetrate the aluminum sheet during construction. Workability is reduced.

  On the other hand, in the eaves ceiling material 21 according to the present embodiment, an aluminum multilayer sheet 24 including an aluminum foil 25 is integrally laminated in advance on the back side of the base material 22 made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board. Therefore, while using a thin aluminum foil 25, the handleability of the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is increased, there is almost no room for the above problems, and the construction of the eaves ceiling material 21 is facilitated. There is a great advantage over a structure in which an eaves back ceiling material itself is used as a base material and an aluminum foil is bonded to the back surface thereof.

  Moreover, since the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 of the eaves back ceiling material 21 is laminated in advance in a state of being integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material 22 with an adhesive, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is always the base material 22. Thus, the eaves back ceiling material 21 can be constructed more satisfactorily.

  According to the present invention, specifically, a substrate having a thickness of 12 mm made of a volcanic vitreous multilayer plate in which rock wool layers 22b and 22b are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic vitreous deposit layer 22a, respectively. An aluminum multilayer in which a polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 is bonded to the base side of an aluminum foil 25 having a thickness of 0.03 mm, and a pulp paper 27 is bonded to the opposite side of the base paper 22 by a urethane resin adhesive on the back surface of 22. The eaves-back quasi-refractory structure for 45 minutes is obtained by the eaves-back ceiling structure in which the single eaves-back ceiling material 21 to which the sheet 24 is bonded is applied.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 shows an eaves-in-ceiling structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention (note that the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted). The ventilation structure is changed.

  In this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the ventilated hardware 15 is constructed at an intermediate portion of the eaves and the eaves. The plurality of eaves back ceiling materials 21, 21,... Are arranged so that the length direction is along the eaves edge edge 8 and the eaves edge edge 11, and the eaves edge edge 8, the eaves edge edge 11, and the eave sky. It is fixedly mounted over the mounting field edge 12. A space is provided between the adjacent eaves back and ceiling materials 21, 21, and ventilation hardware 15 is disposed at this space. The ventilated hardware 15 has a hardware main body 16 made of a long and thin plate material having a substantially hat-shaped cross section having a concave groove portion 16f recessed upward in the widthwise intermediate portion, and the concave groove portion 16f has a groove width on the groove bottom side. The dovetail shape is wider than the opening side. And the ventilation metal fitting 15 fits the outer surface of the concave groove portion 16f into the space between the eaves-back ceiling materials 21 and 21, and presses the end portion of the eaves-back ceiling material 21 at both ends in the width direction other than the concave groove portion 16f. Further, the both ends of the length direction and the intermediate portion are screwed to the eaves mounting attachment edge 12 with screws V. Further, a plurality of ventilation holes (not shown in FIG. 5) are formed through the bottom of the groove 16f along the length direction of the groove 16f. Ventilation with the atmosphere). Note that both end portions in the length direction of the recessed groove portion 16f are closed by end caps (not shown) attached to one end portion of the hardware main body 16. Other configurations of the eaves back ceiling material 21 and the eaves back ceiling structure are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be achieved even in the eaves back ceiling structure in which the ventilation hardware 15 is in the middle part of the eaves.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, the non-water-permeable surface layer 30 provided on the surface of the base material 22 has a composite structure of the non-flammable coating film 31 and the decorative sheet 32. The composite structure of the film | membrane 31 and the water-impermeable decorative coating film formed by the coating on the surface may be sufficient.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, the polyethylene terephthalate resin-type film 26 as a base material side moisture-proof material is formed in the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25, and the anti-base material side moistureproof is provided on the anti-base material side. The pulp paper 27 as a material has a three-layer structure in which each is integrally bonded with an adhesive, but conversely, the pulp paper 27 is on the base material 22 side of the aluminum foil 25 and the polyethylene terephthalate resin is on the non-base material side. A structure in which the system films 26 are integrally bonded by an adhesive may be employed. Alternatively, polyethylene terephthalate resin films 26 and 26 or pulp paper 27 and 27 may be bonded to both the base material side and the non-base material side of the aluminum foil 25. Furthermore, as the moisture-proof material on the base material side and the anti-base material side, materials other than the polyethylene terephthalate resin film 26 and the pulp paper 27 can be used.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the eaves ceiling material 21 shall be laminated | stacked and integrated on the back surface of the base material 22 which consists of a volcanic glassy multilayer board 24, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is integrated, Instead, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 may have a structure simply laminated on the back surface of the base material 22. That is, for example, in a construction site, the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated without being bonded on the back surface of the base material 22 or simply placed, or the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is pasted on the back surface of the base material 22. It is good also as a structure laminated | stacked in a state. In this way, the effect of the structure in which the aluminum multilayer sheet 24 is laminated and integrated on the back surface of the base material 22 in an adhesive state cannot be achieved, but other effects can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in each said embodiment, although the ventilation metal fitting 16 for ventilating the eaves space 5 of the eaves-rear ceiling structure is provided, the ventilator of another structure may be provided, or a vent is provided and eaves The back space 5 may be ventilated.

  Next, the Example implemented concretely regarding the fireproof performance of the eaves back ceiling material is demonstrated.

[Test 1]
(Example)
The base material of eaves back ceiling material is a 12mm thick volcanic glassy multilayer board in which a rock wool layer of 2.5mm thickness is laminated and integrated on both sides of a 7mm thick volcanic glassy sediment layer. ("Dailite" manufactured by Daiken Industry Co., Ltd.). The aluminum multilayer sheet is a urethane resin-based adhesive with 0.012 mm thick polyethylene terephthalate resin film on one side of 0.03 mm thick aluminum foil and 0.033 mm thick pulp paper on the other side. A composite sheet having a three-layer structure bonded integrally with the agent was obtained. Then, this aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally bonded to the back surface of the base material with a urethane resin adhesive so that the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is on the base material side and the pulp paper is on the anti-base material side. A sample of eaves ceiling material was used. The density of the eaves back ceiling material was 0.6 g / cm ³ .

(Comparative Example 1)
In the examples, it was assumed that there was no aluminum multilayer sheet, and a volcanic vitreous multilayer board itself having a thickness of 12 mm was used as a sample of eaves ceiling material.

(Comparative Example 2)
A calcium silicate plate having a thickness of 14 mm is used as a base material, and the same aluminum multilayer sheet as that of the example is formed on the back surface thereof, and a urethane resin system such that the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is on the base material side and the pulp paper is on the anti-base material side. A sample of eaves ceiling material was obtained by integrally bonding with an adhesive. The density of the eaves back ceiling material was 1.1 g / cm ³ .

  A quasi-fire resistance test was performed on the samples of Examples and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 by continuously applying a flame of a burner from the surface side of the substrate. FIG. 6 shows the temperature of the sample and its state when 45 minutes have elapsed from the start of the test.

  As is clear from FIG. 6, in the example in which the aluminum multilayer sheet was adhered to the back surface of the base material composed of the volcanic glassy multilayer board, the temperature rise was low even after 45 minutes, and the base material cracked. There is no dropout due to. In Comparative Example 1 of the volcanic vitreous multilayer board itself, the dropout due to cracking does not occur as in the Example, but the temperature is higher than in the Example. And in the comparative example 2 whose base material is a calcium silicate board, even if the aluminum multilayer sheet of an Example is adhere | attached on the back surface, a base material is cracking and falling off, The heat-blocking effect of an aluminum multilayer sheet Is not being utilized. Thus, as in the invention of the present application, in the eaves roof ceiling material, the heat shielding function of the aluminum foil is stabilized by using the volcanic glassy laminate as the base material and integrally bonding the aluminum multilayer sheet to the back surface thereof. It can be seen that the fire resistance of the eaves ceiling material can be improved.

[Test 2]
In addition, aluminum composite is formed on the back surface (surface on the eaves space side) of a 12 mm thick base material made of a volcanic glassy multilayer board in which rock wool layers are laminated and integrated on both sides of the volcanic glassy sediment layer. The layer sheets were bonded together. At that time, the aluminum multi-layer sheet is a test piece of “eave back paper ” eaves material in which a polyethylene terephthalate resin film for moisture prevention is bonded to the base side of the aluminum foil, and pulp paper is bonded to the non-base side. On the other hand, two types of "eave back film" eaves specimens, in which pulp paper is bonded to the base side of aluminum foil and polyethylene terephthalate resin film is bonded to the non-base side, are produced. did. In any type, the polyethylene terephthalate resin film has a specific gravity of 1.4, a thickness of 12 μm, and a weight of 17 g / m ² . On the other hand, a thin paper having a basis weight of 23 g / m ² was used as the pulp paper.

  The eaves roof ceiling structure used for the fire resistance test was constructed by a wooden frame construction method, and a standard plate made of 8mm thick fiber-mixed calcium silicate plate was installed on the part facing the back of the hut, As the outer coating, two fiber-mixed calcium silicate plates with a thickness of 25 mm were laminated and the indoor coating was a gypsum board with a thickness of 12.5 mm. The eaves roof had a gradient of 3/10, and two fibre-mixed calcium silicate plates with a thickness of 25 mm were spread over a 45 × 85 mm rafter. A 45x45mm field edge is constructed in a grid pattern on the rafter and fixed with a steel nail with a length of 65mm. On the field edge, the above-mentioned "eave back paper" eaves specimen or "eave back film" eaves The top specimen was fixed with a 38 mm long stainless steel nail. Nasal concealment is made of a wooden base material of 130 × 30 mm and two fiber-mixed calcium silicate plates with a thickness of 25 mm stacked on top of each other. The width of the eaves is 1820mm, the height of the eaves is 500mm, the height to the ceiling of the eaves is 1800mm, the tree species of the pillar is rice pine, and the tree species of other parts (rafters, field edges, nasal cover material) is Yonematsu Or it was rice bran.

  And in the state which has arrange | positioned the thermo-contact of the thermocouple for temperature measurement in three places on the non-heating surface of the said standard board, the temperature when the lower surface of a test body is heated and it continues heating for 45 minutes is thermocoupled. Measurements were taken every minute. In this way, specific temperature rise change data is shown when a 45-minute eaves quasi-refractory heat-burning test is performed on the eaves top materials of “eave back paper” and “eave back film”. 7 shows. In the figure, the unit of the elapsed time column is “minute”. All other columns indicate temperature, and the unit is “° C.”. The column of the temperature difference shows a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the “eave back paper” eave top material from the temperature of the “eave back film” eave top material.

  In addition, the eaves top materials of “eave back paper” and “eave back film” are not heated during the heating on the non-heated side of the standard plate for more than 10 seconds. Each determination condition that there was no flame that continued for more than 10 seconds on the non-heated surface and that the flame did not pass through the standard plate was satisfied.

  As is clear from FIG. 7, when the temperature changes of the eaves top materials of “eave back paper” and “eave back film” are compared, the temperature when reaching 45 minutes is lower than the reference value (140 ° C.). It has become.

  In addition, except for a part in the initial stage of heating, the temperature of the “eave back paper” eaves top material is lower than the temperature of the “eave back film” eaves top material. A temperature difference of 4 ° C. occurs. Considering the reason why this temperature difference occurs, the heat generation amount of the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is about 5500 kcal, whereas the pulp paper is about 3200 kcal, and there is a difference of about 30%. In addition, since the polyethylene terephthalate resin film is entirely made of resin, it is completely burned, whereas the pulp paper (thin paper) contains inorganic components, so that the amount of heat generation is reduced. Specifically, pulp paper contains a filler, which is a chemical that improves the whiteness, opacity, texture and surface smoothness of the paper and prevents ink loss during printing. (Clay or clay), natural or synthetic white pigments such as kaolin, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide. In fine paper, the filler is used in a weight of about 10% with respect to the dry pulp. That is, the paper contains not only the raw material wood but also inorganic matter. The above temperature difference is caused by the difference in calorific value between the polyethylene terephthalate resin film and the pulp paper, and the temperature of the eaves paper is the eaves material. Is lower and has an advantage in fire resistance.

  Therefore, as in the present invention, the eaves ceiling material having a structure in which an aluminum multilayer sheet in which polyethylene terephthalate resin film and pulp paper are arranged on both sides of an aluminum foil is laminated on a base material is applied to the eaves ceiling structure. Therefore, the fire resistance of the eaves back ceiling structure can be increased.

  The present invention prevents the retention of moisture on the back side of the surface layer even if the base material of the eaves ceiling material is a material that allows moisture and moisture to pass therethrough and a non-permeable surface layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. It is extremely useful and has high industrial applicability because it can maintain a good exterior finish of the eaves ceiling material.

5 Back space 15 Ventilation hardware (ventilator)
21 Back ceiling material 22 Base material 22a Volcanic glassy sediment layer 22b Rock wool layer 24 Aluminum multilayer sheet 25 Aluminum foil 26 Polyethylene terephthalate resin film 27 Pulp paper 30 Surface layer 31 Nonflammable coating film 32 Cosmetic sheet wt Moisture

Claims (8)

It is the eaves ceiling material that is constructed on the eaves of the building,
A substrate composed of a volcanic glassy multilayer board in which rock wool layers are laminated and integrated on both sides of a volcanic glassy sediment layer;
A non-permeable surface layer provided on the surface located opposite to the eaves space in the construction state in the base material;
With the aluminum multilayer sheet as a waterproof layer laminated on the back surface located on the eaves space side in the construction state in the base material,
The aluminum multilayer sheet includes an aluminum foil, and a base material side and an anti-base material side moisture-proof material integrally bonded to the base material side and the anti-base material side of the aluminum foil, respectively. Back ceiling material. In claim 1,
The substrate-side moisture-proof material is a polyethylene terephthalate resin film,
The eaves-behind ceiling material, wherein the moisture-proof material on the side opposite to the base material is pulp paper. In claim 1 or 2,
The eaves roof ceiling material, wherein the aluminum multilayer sheet is integrally bonded and laminated on the back surface of the base material. In any one of Claims 1-3,
The eaves roof ceiling material, wherein the surface layer has a non-combustible coating film made of a non-combustible paint having a gas shielding effect applied to the surface of the substrate. In claim 4,
The eaves ceiling material characterized in that the surface layer has a decorative sheet affixed to the surface of the incombustible coating film or a decorative coating applied to the surface of the incombustible coating film. In any one of Claims 1-3,
The eaves roof ceiling material, wherein the surface layer has a decorative sheet affixed to the surface of the substrate or a decorative coating applied to the surface of the substrate.   An eaves-back ceiling structure in which the eaves-back ceiling material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is constructed. In claim 7,
An eaves-behind ceiling structure provided with vents or ventilators in the eaves space.

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