JP6528498B2 - Head mounted display - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a head mounted display such as a head mounted display mounted on a head and used.

  In recent years, as a head-mounted display such as a head-mounted display (hereinafter also referred to as HMD) that enables formation and observation of a virtual image, a type in which image light from a display element is guided to the pupil of an observer by a light guide plate Various proposals have been made. As a usage mode of the HMD, it is desirable to have a landscape aspect to use for movie watching. However, there are also applications that correspond to images having a vertically long aspect, such as an image of a smartphone, for example. In this case, even if the aspect is a horizontally long aspect, although it is possible if it is partially displayed, the resolution is reduced and the screen is also reduced.

  In a head mounted display constituting an HMD, an image is displayed by changing the aspect ratio by providing a rotation mechanism in the display element or adjusting the aspect ratio by using a toric optical system (Patent Document 1, 2) is known. Further, there is known an image display apparatus in which an image display element and an eyepiece optical system (half mirror) for guiding an image of the image display element to an eye are integrally rotatable so as to be rotatable (see Patent Document 3).

  However, for example, with respect to both an image with a horizontally long aspect ratio and an image with a vertically long aspect ratio, it is not always possible to meet the use needs for displaying in a high resolution and good state.

JP, 2013-073188, A JP, 2013-37095, A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-70265

  An object of the present invention is to provide a head mounted display capable of displaying an image by changing an aspect ratio and displaying the image in a good state.

  The head-mounted display according to the present invention has a video element for generating video light, a light guiding optical system for guiding video light from the video element, and a shape corresponding to an emission surface shape of video light in the video element. A diaphragm having an opening, and a pivoting part for pivoting the diaphragm together with the image element.

  In the above-mentioned head mounted display, an image can be displayed by changing the aspect ratio by rotating the video element by the rotation unit. Under the present circumstances, since a rotation part rotates the diaphragm which has an opening of the shape corresponding to the emission surface shape of the picture light in a picture element with a picture element, when displaying the picture of a horizontally long aspect ratio, a long aspect ratio In the case of projecting an image of the above, it is possible to suppress the generation of stray light, maintain the light guiding of the image light by the light guiding optical system in an efficient and good state, and it is possible to display a good image.

  According to a specific aspect of the present invention, the video element forms an image of a rectangular area, and can switch between vertical and horizontal postures in the longitudinal direction and the short direction of the rectangular area in accordance with the pivoting operation by the pivoting portion. In this case, it is possible to switch between the vertically long display and the horizontally long display by interchanging the vertical and horizontal directions in the longitudinal direction and the short direction.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the light guide optical system has an effective area for guiding the image light in both the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the vertical and horizontal switching by the rotation of the image element. In this case, it is possible to properly display both the vertically long display and the horizontally long display without any image degradation.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the light guiding optical system includes an axisymmetric curved surface and a non-axisymmetric curved surface as an optical surface through which image light from the image element passes, and the rotating unit configures the light guiding optical system. Among the optical members to be moved, the optical member including the axisymmetric curved surface is rotated. In this case, even if a part of the light guiding optical system is turned by the turning of the turning part, the action of refraction and reflection of the image light in the light guiding of the light guiding optical system can not be changed. .

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the light guiding optical system includes an axially symmetric lens having an axially symmetric curved surface as an optical surface, and a non-axially symmetric lens having a non-axially symmetric curved surface as an optical surface, The image element to the axisymmetric lens are rotated. In this case, the image display can be switched in the vertical and horizontal directions by rotating the image element to the axisymmetric lens by the rotation of the rotation portion.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the pivoting portion pivots around the optical axis of the light guide optical system.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, the optical system further comprises a lens barrel for fixing a plurality of optical members constituting the light guiding optical system, and the lens barrel is connected to the image element and only the axially symmetric curved surface of the light guiding optical system And a second lens barrel member for housing an optical member including a non-axisymmetric curved surface in the light guide optical system, and the rotating portion is a lens barrel The first lens barrel member is pivoted. In this case, the first lens barrel member constituting the lens barrel and the second lens barrel member can separate the portion to be rotated by the rotation portion and the portion not to be rotated, and perform an appropriate rotation operation.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the diaphragm is provided on the side of the first lens barrel member at the joint portion of the first lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member, and is rotated together with the first lens barrel member by the rotating portion. Be moved. In this case, it becomes easy to install a mechanism necessary to configure the pivoting portion.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the light guiding optical system overlaps the light from the outside with the light from the light guiding member for guiding the light by reflecting the light on the inner surface and the light guiding member. And a second lens barrel member positions the light guide device. In this case, it is possible to configure a see-through type optical system in which the image light and the external light are superimposed.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the pivoting portion has a stopper mechanism at a joint portion between the first barrel member and the second barrel member. In this case, for example, the range (pivotable angle) of pivoting by the pivoting portion can be determined by the concavo-convex structure as the stopper mechanism and the stopper.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the pivoting range of the pivoting portion is 90 °. In this case, sufficient rotation can be performed to switch between the vertically long display and the horizontally long display.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the pivoting portion includes an actuator for causing a pivoting motion. In this case, the actuator enables automatic switching between vertically long display and horizontally long display.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which illustrates easily the external appearance of the head mounted display which incorporates the light guide optical system which concerns on embodiment. (A) is a top view which shows the internal structure which removed the exterior member from the head mounted display, (B) is a front view, (C) is a side view. (A) is a top view of the state which attached the inner frame in FIG. 2, (B) is a front view, (C) is a side view. (A) is a perspective view of a display apparatus, (B) is a perspective view which shows (A) from another angle. It is a partially expanded perspective view of a display apparatus. (A) And (B) is a perspective view which shows the display apparatus of a 1st attitude | position, (C) and (D) is a perspective view which shows the display apparatus of a 2nd attitude | position. (A) is an enlarged perspective view showing a portion fixed to the first barrel member in the display device, and (B) is an enlarged perspective view showing a portion fixed to the second barrel member. It is a figure for demonstrating the movable part and fixing | fixed part of the lens barrel in a head-mounted display. (A) is a top view of a display apparatus, (B) is sectional drawing. (A) is a front view of a display device, (B) is a side view, and (C) is a side sectional view. It is a figure which shows the mode of the ray bundle of the imaging light in a lens barrel. It is a figure shown notionally about an effective field which guides the image light of the optical member in the 1st posture and the 2nd posture. It is a figure for demonstrating the optical path of imaging light. (A) is a perspective view shown about the connection part of a 1st barrel member and a 2nd barrel member, (B) is a perspective view which shows (A) from another angle. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification about the optical member used as the object of rotation. It is a perspective view which shows one modification of a head mounted display.

  Hereinafter, a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the head mounted display 100 including the light guiding device of the present embodiment is a head mounted display having an appearance like glasses, and an observer who wears the head mounted display 100 or While being able to make a user visually recognize the image light (image light) by a virtual image, an observer can visually recognize or observe an outside image by see-through. The head-mounted display 100 is attached to the first and second light guiding devices 20a and 20b covering the front of the observer in a transparent manner, the frame portion 102 supporting both the light guiding devices 20a and 20b, and the frame portion 102. The first and second image forming main body portions 105a and 105b are provided, and can be binocularly viewed with a pair of left and right structures. Here, the first display device 100A in which the first light guiding device 20a on the left side and the first image forming main body portion 105a are combined in the drawing is a portion for forming a virtual image for the right eye. Function as a type display. In addition, the second display device 100B in which the second light guide device 20b on the right side and the second image forming main body portion 105b are combined in the drawing is a portion that forms a virtual image for the left eye. Act as a display.

  Furthermore, the head-mounted display 100 is provided with an inner frame IN which is detachable with respect to the frame portion 102 or the like and which can be adjusted according to the observer's vision and body shape, that is, on the inner side of the device, that is, the side directly touching the human body. ing. By providing a replaceable inner frame IN, for example, when an observer selects an inner frame IN that is suitable for his / her body shape, or when a plurality of observers use one head-mounted display 100, another person's It is possible to use the head-mounted display 100 without directly contacting a portion touched by the nose, the ear or the like.

  FIGS. 2A to 2C show the internal structure of the head mounted display 100. Comparing FIG. 2 with FIG. 1, the appearance and the inside of the head mounted display 100 are compared. Be done. For example, the first and second image forming main units 105 a and 105 b are respectively configured by the projection lens 30 housed in the lens barrel 39 and the image display device 80 including the image display element (image element) 82. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a figure which shows the state which attached the inner frame IN in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 3 (A)-3 (C) respond | correspond to FIG.2 (A)-2 (C), respectively. The temples TA and TB (see FIG. 1) of the inner frame IN in FIG. 3A are omitted.

  As shown in the external appearance and the interior in each of FIGS. 1 to 3, the frame portion 102 provided on the head mounted display 100 is disposed along the frame 107 disposed on the upper end side and the back side along the frame 107. And the resin portion 108. The head mounted display 100 is configured to have no frame-shaped portion on the lower side. The frame 107 constituting the frame portion 102 is an elongated plate-like member bent in a U-shape, and a front portion 107a extending in the lateral direction corresponding to the direction of the eye for the observer and the observer And a pair of side surface portions 107b and 107c extending in the depth direction which is the direction corresponding to the front and rear of the lens. The frame 107, that is, the front surface portion 107a and the side surface portions 107b and 107c are metal integral parts formed of aluminum die-cast and other various metal materials. The resin portion 108 is disposed along the frame 107, and by being fitted to the frame 107, the resin portion 108 cooperates with the frame 107 to accommodate, for example, various cables for image formation. In the frame 107, the width in the depth direction of the front surface portion 107a and the resin portion 108 is substantially the same as the thickness or the width of the light guide device 20 corresponding to the first and second light guide devices 20a and 20b. The first light guiding device 20a and the first image forming main body portion 105a are aligned on the left side of the frame 107, specifically, the portion from the left end portion to the side surface portion 107b in the front surface portion 107a. It is supported by being fixed directly. Further, the second light guiding device 20b and the second image forming main body portion 105b are aligned on the right side of the frame 107, specifically, in a portion from the right end toward the side face portion 107c in the front face portion 107a. It is supported by being fixed directly by the stopper. The first light guiding device 20a and the first image forming main body portion 105a are aligned with each other by fitting, and the second light guiding device 20b and the second image forming main body portion 105b are aligned with each other by fitting. .

  The frame 107 and the resin portion 108 constituting the frame portion 102 not only support the first and second image forming main portions 105a and 105b but also cooperate with a cover-like exterior member 105d covering them to form the first and second image forming main portions 105a and 105b. It has a role of protecting the inside of the second image forming main unit 105a, 105b. The frame 107 is separated from the upper portion of the first and second light guiding devices 20a and 20b (light guiding device 20) connected to the first and second image forming main portions 105a and 105b except the root side. Or loose contact. For this reason, even if there is a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the light guide device 20 at the center and the frame portion 102 including the frame 107, expansion of the light guide device 20 in the frame portion 102 is permitted. It is possible to prevent the device 20 from being distorted, deformed or broken.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner frame IN includes a pair of frame portions PA and PB into which the spectacle lens for correction can be inserted and a temple portion (temple behind the left and right ends of the pair of frame portions PA and PB) ) TA, TB (see FIG. 1). In addition, a nose support 40 is provided along with the inner frame IN. The nose support portion 40 has a role of supporting the frame portion 102 by contacting the nose of the observer. That is, the frame portion 102 is disposed in front of the observer's face by the nose support portion 40 supported by the nose and the pair of temple portions TA and TB supported by the ear.

  Hereinafter, the first and second display devices 100A and 100B will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, among the first and second display devices 100A and 100B, in particular, the second display device 100B for the left eye is mainly described, but the first display device 100A also has the same structure and function. As shown in FIG. 2 etc., it can be seen that the second display device 100B is provided with a light guide optical system 70 which is an optical system for projection and an image display device 80 which forms image light. The light guide optical system 70 has a role of projecting the image formed by the image display device 80 as a virtual image to the eye of the observer. The light guide optical system 70 includes a projection lens 30 for imaging and a second light guide device 20 b (light guide device 20).

  The image display device 80 includes an image display element (image element) 82 which is a transmissive spatial light modulator, an illumination device which is a backlight for emitting illumination light to the image display element 82, an image display element 82 and the like. It has a drive control part which controls operation (illustration abbreviation). The image display element 82 is housed in an image element case 86, and is assembled to a lens barrel 39 that accommodates the projection lens 30 for image formation via the image element case 86. In other words, the lens barrel 39 is a connecting member disposed between the image display element 82 and the light guiding device 20, and the lens barrel 39 is connected to the light guiding device 20 to be connected to the light guiding device 20. Among them, it is a connecting member that connects the light guiding device 20 and the projection lens 30 while partially covering the light guiding member 10. The more detailed structure of the lens barrel 39 will be described later. Here, for example, in FIG. 5, the first image area RR1 conceptually shown as the shape of the panel surface in the image display element 82 is a rectangular area and has an aspect ratio of a horizontally long shape having a ratio of 16: 9. It shall be. In the present embodiment, the image display element 82 forms an image of a rectangular area indicated by the first image area RR1, and the longitudinal direction D1 (horizontal direction) and the short direction D2 (longitudinal direction) of the first image area RR1. It is possible to switch between vertical and horizontal with the turning operation. That is, the image display device 80 is rotated about the optical axis, and from the horizontally long state (first posture) as described above, the longitudinally long direction with the longitudinal direction D1 as the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction D2 as the transverse direction It is possible to switch to the state of (2).

  The projection lens 30 is a projection optical system including, as components, first to third lenses LL1 to LL3 (see, for example, FIG. 9B) which are, for example, three optical elements along the incident side optical axis (optical axis AX). And is housed in a lens barrel 39. Each optical element is an aspheric lens including both a non-axisymmetric curved surface (free-form surface) and an axi-symmetric aspheric surface (axi-symmetric aspheric surface), and cooperates with the light guide member 10 of the light guide device 20 After an intermediate image corresponding to the display image of the image display element 82 is formed inside the light guide member 10, the image light is finally directed toward the observer's eye.

  As described above, the light guide device 20 is configured of the light guide member 10 for light guide and see-through, and the light transmitting member 50 for see-through. The main body portions of the light guide member 10 and the light transmitting member 50 are formed of a resin material exhibiting high light transmittance in the visible region, such as cycloolefin polymer, and for example, a thermoplastic resin is injected and solidified in a mold. Are molded respectively. As described above, the light guiding member 10 is a part of the prism type light guiding device 20 and is an integral member, but the first light guiding portion 11 on the light emission side and the second on the light incident side It can be divided into the light guide portion 12 and captured. The light transmitting member 50 is a member (auxiliary optical block) that assists the fluoroscopic function of the light guide member 10, and is integrally fixed to the light guide member 10 to form one light guide device 20.

  Here, the respective optical members constituting the second display device 100B, that is, the light guide optical system 70 and the image display device 80 are integrated by being accommodated and fixed by the lens barrel 39. In particular, in the present embodiment, as shown, for example, in FIG. 5, the lens barrel 39 is configured by combining two divisible first and second lens barrel members 39a and 39b. That is, among the optical members constituting the light guide optical system 70 and the image display device 80, a part is accommodated and positioned in the first lens barrel member 39a, and the remaining is accommodated and positioned in the second lens barrel member 39b. ing. Of the first and second lens barrel members 39a and 39b constituting the lens barrel 39, the second lens barrel member 39b is assembled and fixed to the frame 107 of the frame portion 102. On the other hand, the first lens barrel member 39a is fitted to the fixed second lens barrel member 39b so as to be rotatable around the optical axis AX (see FIG. 9B and the like). As a result, as shown in FIGS. 6A to 6D, a state in which the aspect ratio of the first image area RR1 in the image display element 82 is in the first orientation in which the aspect ratio is 16: 9. The aspect ratio can be switched to the second posture in which the ratio is 9:16. In other words, in the head mounted display 100, the first lens barrel member 39a housing the respective optical members constituting the light guiding optical system 70 together with the image display element 82 at the joint portion BI of the lens barrel 39 has an optical axis AX (see FIG. 9 (B) (refer to (E) and the like), and has a pivoting portion RP as a mechanism for pivoting operation.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 7 etc., one structural example of rotation part RP in the joint part BI of the lens barrel 39 is demonstrated. FIG. 7A is an enlarged perspective view showing a state of the first lens barrel member 39a side in the second display device 100B. FIG. 7B is an enlarged perspective view showing a state of the second lens barrel member 39b side of the second display device 100B. As illustrated, the second barrel member 39 b is in a state of being assembled to the frame portion 102. The pivoting part RP has a pair of concavo-convex structure US and a pair of stoppers SP as a stopper mechanism SO in the joint portion BI in order to pivot each optical member about the optical axis. Although not shown, the pivoting part RP is an actuator (for example, a micro) for performing a pivoting operation (not shown) in addition to the stopper mechanism SO with a pair of concavo-convex structures US and a pair of stoppers SP as necessary. Motor etc). First, as shown in FIG. 7A, the pair of concave and convex structures US constituting the pivoting part RP is a portion on the tip end side of the first barrel member 39a (that is, a mounting portion with the second barrel member 39b) Provided at the mounting portion Da. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7B, the pair of stoppers SP constituting the pivoting part RP is a portion on the tip end side of the second lens barrel member 39b (that is, attachment with the first lens barrel member 39a) It is provided in the attachment part Db which is a part). The first lens barrel member 39 a is a second lens barrel member fixed to the frame portion 102 by limiting the amount of rotation of the edge portions EP of the pair of concavo-convex structures US provided opposed to each other by the pair of stoppers SP. It is possible to rotate 90 degrees around the optical axis with respect to 39b. That is, the rotation range, ie, the rotation angle (90 ° in the above case) in the rotation portion RP where the pair of concavo-convex structures US and the pair of stoppers SP constituting the stopper mechanism SO perform the rotation operation of each optical member It functions as what prescribes.

  As illustrated, in the pair of stoppers SP in the rotational direction, small protrusions PR are provided before and after the stopper main body portion SPa, while the pair of concave and convex structures US corresponds to the small protrusions PR. The groove portion GG may be provided on the inner surface side of the pair of concavo-convex structures US. A small impact is generated by the contact between the small projection PR and the groove GG, and a click feeling or click sound is given immediately before the stopper position which is a position to be rotated 90 ° around the optical axis (ie, to the observer) It can be notified that the rotation operation has ended).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, the projection lens 30 is provided as one of the optical members to be rotated together with the first lens barrel member 39a by the rotation portion RP. A stop ST is included. The aperture stop ST has an opening OP corresponding to the shape of the panel surface in the image display element 82 (see the first image area RR1 in FIG. 5 etc.), that is, the shape of the emission surface of the image light. Specifically, as illustrated, the shape of the opening OP has an oval shape extending in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the horizontally long first image area RR1 shown in FIG. 5 and the like. Thus, for example, generation of stray light can be suppressed by efficiently and appropriately performing the light shielding process on the image light from the first image region RR1. In the present embodiment, when the image display element 82 is rotated, the aperture stop ST is rotated together with the image display element 82. As a result, in the rotation operation, the relationship between the shape of the panel surface in the image display element 82 and the shape of the opening OP is maintained without changing it, so an image with a horizontally long aspect ratio, which is a first posture state. Also when projecting an image with a vertically long aspect ratio which is in the second posture state, the generation of stray light can be suppressed, and the light guiding of the image light by the light guiding optical system 70 is maintained in a good state This enables good image display.

  FIG. 8 is a view showing the movable part MM and the fixed part FF in the head-mounted display 100. As shown in FIG. That is, the movable portion MM is a portion connected to the first lens barrel member 39 a of the lens barrel 39, and the fixed portion FF is a portion connected to the second lens barrel member 39 b of the lens barrel 39. As shown in the drawing, the movable portion MM rotated by the rotation portion RP as described above is on the rear end side (side closer to the ear at the time of wearing) of the display devices 100A and 100B provided in a pair on the left and right. Be placed. On the other hand, the fixing portion FF is fixed to the frame 107 of the frame portion 102. As in the present embodiment, in the case where binocular vision is possible by providing the display devices 100A and 100B as a pair of left and right, an aspect may be considered in which the pivoting operation by the pivoting unit RP is synchronized in the left and right. For this purpose, for example, an actuator may be provided as a mechanism constituting the pivoting portion RP, and the pair of movable portions MM on the left and right may be pivoted in synchronization by the actuator.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 9 etc., the structure of the light guide optical system 70 which guides the image light inject | emitted from the image display apparatus 80 is demonstrated in detail.

  First, the light guide device 20 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 9 (A), 9 (B) and FIGS. 10 (A) to 10 (C). As described above, the light guiding device 20 is configured of the light guiding member 10 and the light transmitting member 50. Among them, in the light guide member 10, in a plan view, a portion on the central side (front side of the eye) near the nose extends linearly. Of the light guide member 10, the first light guide portion 11 disposed on the center side closer to the nose, ie, the light emission side, is a side surface having an optical function, a first surface S11, and a second surface S12. The second light guiding portion 12 having the third surface S13 and disposed on the peripheral side away from the nose, ie, the light incident side is a fourth surface S14, the fifth surface as a side surface having an optical function. And S15. Among these, the first surface S11 and the fourth surface S14 are continuously adjacent to each other, and the third surface S13 and the fifth surface S15 are continuously adjacent to each other. In addition, the second surface S12 is disposed between the first surface S11 and the third surface S13, and the fourth surface S14 and the fifth surface S15 are adjacent to each other at a large angle. Furthermore, here, the first surface S11 and the third surface S13, which are disposed to face each other, have planar shapes substantially parallel to each other. On the other hand, the other surfaces having an optical function, that is, the second surface S12, the fourth surface S14, and the fifth surface S15 are non-axially symmetric curved surfaces (free-form surfaces). Moreover, the half mirror layer is attached to 2nd surface S12 among said each surface. The half mirror layer is a reflective film (i.e., a semi-transmissive reflective film) having light transmittance formed by forming a metal reflective film or a dielectric multilayer film, and the reflectance for image light is an outer world due to see-through. From the viewpoint of facilitating observation of light, for example, it is set to 20%, and the transmissivity to image light is set to, for example, 80%. The fifth surface S15 is formed by depositing the light reflecting film RM made of an inorganic material, and functions as a reflecting surface.

  In the light guiding device 20, the light guiding member 10 is bonded to the light transmitting member 50 through the adhesive layer CC, and the bonding surface of the light guiding member 10 and the light transmitting member 50; A portion formed of the adhesive layer CC is referred to as a joint portion CN.

  The light transmission member 50 has a first transmission surface S51, a second transmission surface S52, and a third transmission surface S53 as side surfaces having an optical function. Here, the second transmission surface S52 is disposed between the first transmission surface S51 and the third transmission surface S53. The first transmission surface S51 is on the surface of the light guide member 10 where the first surface S11 is extended, and the second transmission surface S52 is joined and integrated to the second surface S12 by the adhesive layer CC. It is a curved surface, and the third transmission surface S53 is on the surface of the light guide member 10 where the third surface S13 is extended. Among these, since the second transmission surface S52 and the second surface S12 of the light guide member 10 are integrated by bonding through the thin adhesive layer CC, they have a shape of approximately the same curvature.

  In addition, after the base material which should become the light guide member 10 and the light transmission member 50 is joined by junction part CN, the light guide device 20 is formed by coating the joined base material by dip processing There is. That is, the hard coat layer 27 of the light guide member 10 is provided on the entire light guide device 20 together with the light transmitting member 50. Further, the light guiding device 20 is assembled by fitting the tip end portion located on the light source side (root side) to the end portion 39 t (see FIG. 2 etc.) of the second lens barrel member 39 b of the lens barrel 39. Is fixed.

  As for the structure of the light guide device 20, as shown in FIG. 10A, for example, a rib 10n is formed on the upper side, as other than the above-described optical structure. The rib 10 n has a structure in which a plurality of rib portions (convex portions) 10 p and a plurality of widening portions (convex portions) 10 q are alternately connected, and linearly elongated along the edge of the light guide device 20 as a whole ing. By forming such ribs 10 n on the upper side closer to the frame 107 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), alignment of the light guiding device 20 with the frame 107 is possible.

  Next, the projection lens 30 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 9 (B) and 10 (C). As described above, the projection lens 30 includes the first to third lenses LL1 to LL3 along the incident side optical axis as components, and these are accommodated in the lens barrel 39. Among these components, the first lens LL1 relatively disposed downstream of the light path includes a non-axisymmetric curved surface (free-form surface) as a lens surface, and the first lens LL1 relatively disposed upstream of the light path The second and third lenses LL2 and LL3 are configured to include only an axisymmetric spherical surface or aspheric surface as a lens surface. Here, as illustrated, of the first to third lenses LL1 to LL3, the third lens LL3 is accommodated in the first barrel member 39a, and the first and second lenses LL1 and LL2 are second mirrors. It is accommodated in the cylindrical member 39b.

  In the case of the above configuration, only the third lens LL3 of the projection lens 30 of the light guiding device 20 and the projection lens 30 that constitute the light guiding optical system 70 is the rotation of the first lens barrel member 39a by the turning portion RP. In the movement operation, the image display device 80 and the aperture stop ST (see FIG. 7A) are rotated. In this case, the rotating third lens LL3 is configured to include only an axisymmetric spherical surface or aspheric surface as a lens surface, and the light guiding device 20 including a non-axisymmetric curved surface (free curved surface) or a projection lens The first lens LL1 of 30 does not rotate and does not change its posture. Therefore, even if axial rotation is made about the optical axis AX by the rotation part RP, the optical action (action of refraction and reflection) on the image light of the light guide optical system 70 does not change. In addition, the first lens barrel member 39a of the lens barrel 39 is connected to the image display device 80 while the light guide optical system 70 and the image display device 80 and the lens barrel 39 are described above. The third lens LL3 (axisymmetric lens) formed of only the axisymmetric curved surface of the light guide optical system 70 is accommodated, and the second lens barrel member 39 b is a member of the light guide optical system 70 or the first light guide device 20. It means that an optical member (a non-axisymmetric lens) including a non-axisymmetric curved surface such as the lens LL1 is accommodated. On the other hand, the third lens LL3 which is an optical member between the image display device 80 and the aperture stop ST is integrally housed together with the image display device 80 and the aperture stop ST by using an axisymmetric curved surface. By rotating the single barrel member 39a together, the simple structure can be performed with high accuracy.

  FIG. 11 is a view showing the inside of the lens barrel 39 of the light beam bundle of the image light emitted from the panel surface of the image display element 82. As shown in FIG. As illustrated, the image light GL has the smallest diameter of the entire light beam in the vicinity of the diaphragm portion SS where the diaphragm ST (see FIG. 7A) is provided. In the case of the present embodiment, since the stop ST is provided on the tip end side of the first lens barrel member 39a, as shown in FIG. 11, the first lens barrel member 39a (that is, the fixing portion FF) and the first portion constituting the lens barrel 39 The joint portion BI with the two lens barrel member 39b (that is, the movable portion MM) is disposed in the vicinity of the diaphragm portion SS where the diameter of the entire light beam bundle is the smallest, ie It will be. Therefore, for example, when providing the actuator AC (for example, a micromotor or the like) constituting the pivoting unit RP or other mechanisms (for example, a gear for pivoting operation) other than the actuator AC as illustrated, for example, Installation space is easy to secure. In addition, since only the diaphragm ST that can be integrally molded with the lens barrel 39 is provided and the installation of a lens or the like is not necessary, it is not necessary to perform UV bonding or the like in the manufacturing process.

  In addition, the head mounted display 100 has a first orientation (display of a horizontally long image) shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B and a second orientation shown in FIGS. 6C and 6D. In both of (longitudinal image display), in order to secure the light guide of the image light, the effective area for guiding the image light in the optical system constituting the light guide optical system 70 is made sufficiently wide. That is, in the effective area of all the optical members constituting the light guide optical system 70, as shown in FIG. 12, when the effective area of the optical member is viewed in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX, It is necessary to guide the image light of the optical member in the second position and the effective area PA1 necessary for guiding the image light in the first position among the switching between the second position and the second position. An effective area PX is secured in each optical member so as to include both effective areas PA1 and PA2 with the effective area PA2. In the illustrated example, the effective area PX is a circular area having a radius sufficient to cover the effective areas PA1 and PA2 around the optical axis AX. The effective area of the third lens LL3 which is integrally rotated with the image display device 80 and the aperture stop ST by using an axisymmetric curved surface does not necessarily have to satisfy the condition shown in the effective area PX. Even if it is not circular, it can be adopted.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 13, an example of an optical path of image light and the like will be described based on the head mounted display 100 configured as described above.

  The image light GL emitted from the image display device 80 is provided to the light guide member 10 of the light guide device 20 while being converged through the projection lens 30 including the first lens LL1 in the light guide optical system 70. It injects into 4 surface S14. The image light GL that has passed through the fourth surface S14 advances while converging, is reflected by the fifth surface S15, is incident again on the fourth surface S14 from the inside, and is reflected. The image light GL reflected by the fourth surface S14 is incident on the third surface S13 and totally reflected, and is incident on the first surface S11 and totally reflected. Here, the image light GL forms an intermediate image in the light guide member 10 before and after passing through the third surface S13. The image plane of this intermediate image corresponds to the image plane of the image display element 82. The image light GL totally reflected on the first surface S11 is incident on the second surface S12, but particularly the image light GL incident on the half mirror layer provided on the second surface S12 partially covers the half mirror layer. Although it is transmitted, it is partially reflected and re-enters and passes through the first surface S11. The image light GL having passed through the first surface S11 is incident as a substantially parallel light beam on the pupil of the eye of the observer or the equivalent position thereof. That is, the observer observes the image formed on the video display element (video element) 82 by the video light as a virtual image.

  On the other hand, for the external light, the third surface S13 and the first surface S11 are substantially parallel to each other, and the third transmission surface S53 and the first surface S11 are extended by extending the third surface S13. The presence of the first transmission surface S51 causes the observer to observe the distortion-free external image with hardly any aberration or the like. As described above, the light guide device 20 constitutes a see-through type optical system in which the image light and the external light are superimposed.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 14, assembling of the first and second display devices 100A and 100B constituting the head mounted display 100 will be briefly described. First, the pair of fixed parts FFa and FFb (FF) constituting the display devices 100A and 100B and the pair of movable parts MMa and MMb (MM) are separately assembled. Among these, the fixing portions FFa and FFb, which are portions connected to the second lens barrel member 39b of the lens barrel 39, are assembled and fixed to the frame portion 102, respectively. Thereafter, the movable portions MMa and MMb are assembled to the corresponding fixed portions FFa and FFb. More specifically, the mounting portion Da of the corresponding first lens barrel member 39a and the mounting portion Db of the second lens barrel member 39b are engaged with each other to be rotatably mounted.

  As described above, the head mounted display 100 according to the present embodiment can change the aspect ratio to display an image by rotating each optical member including the image display device 80 by the rotation unit RP. There is. At this time, the pivoting unit RP rotates together with the image display device 80 the aperture ST having an opening OP having a shape corresponding to the exit surface shape of the image light in the image display device 82 which is the image device of the image display device 80. There is. As a result, generation of stray light can be suppressed even when projecting an image with a horizontally long aspect ratio even when projecting an image with a horizontally long aspect ratio, and the light guiding of the image light by the light guiding optical system 70 can be maintained in a good state. , Good image display becomes possible.

[Others]
Although the present invention has been described based on the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented in various aspects without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above embodiments, the movable portion MM and the fixed portion FF are provided with reference to the position of the aperture stop ST or a position close thereto, but in each of the optical members constituting the light guiding optical system 70 It is possible to set variously as to how far the movable part MM and the fixed part FF are to be made. For example, as shown in FIG. 15 as an example, the head mounted display 100 according to the present embodiment or the head mounted display having the same configuration as that of the present embodiment is also based on the pivot points PT1 to PT3 on the optical axis AX. It is conceivable to determine the movable part MM and the fixed part FF. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the movable portion MM and the fixed portion FF are fixed with reference to the rotation point PT1 in the drawing. That is, it is a position between the second lens LL2 and the third lens LL3 of the projection lens 30, and in particular, divided into the movable portion MM and the fixed portion FF with the vicinity of the diaphragm portion SS where the diaphragm ST is present. ing. However, the present invention is not limited to such a pivot point PT1. For example, as shown in the drawings, the pivot point PT2 is a reference, that is, the boundary between the first lens LL1 and the second lens LL2 of the projection lens 30 The movable portion MM and the fixed portion FF may be divided. In the above example, not only the third lens LL3 but also the second lens LL2 is configured to include only an axially symmetric spherical or aspheric surface (axisymmetric curved surface) as a lens surface. Therefore, the lens barrel can be divided into the first lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member based on the pivot point PT2, and a sufficient space for providing each mechanism constituting the pivot portion etc. If it is possible, the movable portion MM and the fixed portion FF may be separated on the basis of the rotation point PT2. Further, for example, in the case where each of the lenses LL1 to LL3 constituting the projection lens 30 includes a non-axisymmetric curved surface (free curved surface), the pivot point PT3 is used as a reference, that is, the third lens LL3 and The movable portion MM and the fixed portion FF may be divided based on the position between the image display device 80 and the image display device 80. In this case, for example, the diaphragm ST may be rotated by providing another mechanism for rotating in synchronization with the image display device 80. Further, the above-described light guide optical system 70 is an example, and for example, the number of lenses constituting the projection lens 30 may be various. Also in this case, lenses other than the non-axisymmetric curved surface (free curved surface) can be rotated together with the image display device 80 and the like. Further, the projection lens 30 may not include a non-axisymmetric curved surface (free curved surface), and the entire projection lens 30 may be rotated together with the image display device 80 or the like.

  Moreover, as a structure of a head mounted display, it is good also as a structure which does not have an inner frame other than the above, for example like 1 modification shown in FIG. Specifically, the head mounted display 100 shown in FIG. 16 is a frame that supports the first and second light guiding devices 20a and 20b and the light guiding devices 20a and 20b which cover the viewer's eyes in a transparent manner. A pair of left and right image forming main body portions 105a and 105b added to portions from the left and right ends of the frame portion 102 to the rear temple portion 104; It is possible to have binocular vision with the configuration of Further, in the example shown in FIG. 16, for example, an inner frame without a temple portion may be provided (an inner frame having a configuration in which a temple portion omitted in FIG. 3A does not actually exist).

  Further, the head-mounted display 100 receives instruction information from the outside when switching between displaying a horizontally long image and displaying a vertically long image, and performs rotation by the rotation unit RP based on the instruction information. The image processing apparatus may further include a conversion control unit that performs vertical and horizontal conversion control in operation. In this case, for example, in addition to the operation by the rotating unit RP, it is also possible to perform correction processing by image processing in the conversion control unit. For example, in the above description, in order to make it possible to switch between horizontally long display and vertically long display, it is assumed that the rotating portion RP rotates 90 °, but when 90 ° or more of rotation is desired, 90 ° The above-described rotation may be performed by image correction processing.

  In addition, when performing correction processing by image processing, a detection unit such as a switch is provided in the rotation unit RP, and in a control unit that performs image control of the head-mounted display 100, the horizontally long detection detected from the detection unit Necessary correction processing may be performed based on a detection signal indicating display or portrait display.

  In addition, switching between horizontally long display and vertically long display can be performed in conjunction with various controls. For example, the input image information is suitable for a vertically long image such as a smartphone. Control of switching may be performed according to a certain signal. More specifically, for example, when it is determined that the device to which the head-mounted display 100 is connected is a smartphone or the like, automatic switching may be considered.

  Further, switching between horizontally long display and vertically long display may be performed according to the method of displaying an image. For example, switching is performed so as to display horizontally long when displaying only on the upper side of the entire display screen, and as displaying vertically long when displaying only on the horizontal side (left or right) of the entire display screen. It is conceivable to control to do.

  Further, although the intermediate image corresponding to the display image of the image display element 82 is formed inside the light guide member 10 in the above description, the present invention is also applicable to a head mounted display which sees through without forming the intermediate image. It is possible.

  In the above description, the image display device 82 is the image display device 82 made of a transmissive liquid crystal display device or the like, but the image display device 80 is a video display device 82 made of a transmissive liquid crystal display device or the like. Not limited to, various ones can be used. For example, a configuration using a reflective liquid crystal display device is also possible, and a digital micro mirror device or the like can be used instead of the image display element 82 composed of a liquid crystal display device or the like. Further, as the image display device 80, a self-luminous element represented by an LED array, an OLED (organic EL) or the like can be used.

  In the above embodiment, the image display device 80 composed of a transmissive liquid crystal display device or the like is used, but instead of this, a scanning image display device can also be used.

  In the above description, the head mounted display 100 including the pair of display devices 100A and 100B is described, but it can be a single display device. That is, instead of providing the light guide optical system 70 and the image display 80 one by one corresponding to both the right eye and the left eye, the light guide optical system only for either the right eye or the left eye 70 and the image display device 80 may be provided so that an image can be viewed unilaterally. In the case of monocular vision, unlike in the case of binocular vision, there is no concept of matching the display state (horizontal or vertical) with the left and right eyes. Therefore, for example, the pivoting operation by the pivoting unit RP may be simplified manually. On the other hand, in the case of binocular vision, it is also possible to manually turn the rotation, and in this case, for example, an interlocking mechanism by a gear mechanism etc. is provided so as to rotate synchronously in both left and right. Can.

  In the above description, the light guide members 10 and the like extend in the lateral direction in which the eyes are lined up, but the light guide members 10 may be arranged to extend in the vertical direction. In this case, the light guide member 10 has a structure in which the light guide members 10 are arranged in parallel, not in series.

  In the above description, only the aspect in which the image light and the external light are superimposed is described. However, for example, the present invention may be applied to a display device in which only the image light is visually recognized and the external light is not observed.

  Further, in the above description, in the diaphragm ST, the shape of the opening OP is a horizontally long oblong shape shown in FIG. 5 or the like and symmetrical in the up, down, left, and right directions. In order to suppress the generation of ghost light, for example, light shielding may be performed by making the shape up-down symmetrical and left-right asymmetry. Further, the arrangement position of the diaphragm ST can also be arranged at various places without being limited to the above example as long as a rotatable mechanism is provided.

AC: Actuator, AX: Optical axis, BI: Coupling portion, CC: Adhesive layer, CN: Junction, D1: Longitudinal direction, D2: Short direction, Da: Mounting portion, Db: Mounting portion, EP: Edge portion, FF: Fixed part, FFa, FFb: Fixed part, GG: Grooved part, GL: Video light, IN: Inner frame, LL1-LL3: Lens, MM: Movable part, MMa, MMb: Movable part,, OP: Opening, PA , PB: frame portion, PA1, PA2, PX: effective area, PR: small projection, PT1-PT3: pivoting point, RM: light reflecting film, RP: pivoting portion, RR1: video area, S11-S15: Surface, S51-S53: Transmission surface, SO: Stopper mechanism, SP: Stopper, SPa: Stopper main body portion, SS: Diaphragm portion, TA, TB: Vine portion, US: Irregular structure, 10: Light guide portion 10 n: rib 11: light guide portion 12: light guide portion 20, 20a, 20b: light guide device 27: hard coat layer 30: projection lens 39: lens barrel 39a: first lens barrel member , 39b: second lens barrel member, 39t: end portion, 40: nose support portion, 50: light transmission member, 70: light guiding optical system, 80: image display device, 82: image display element, 86: image element case 100: head mounted display 100A, 100B: display device 102: frame portion 105a, 105b: image forming main body portion 105d: exterior member 107: frame 107a: front portion 107b, 107c: side portion , 108 ... resin part

Claims (9)

A video element that produces video light;
A light guide optical system for guiding image light from the image element;
A stop having an aperture having a shape corresponding to the shape of an exit surface of image light in the image element;
And a pivoting unit for pivoting the diaphragm together with the video element;
The light guiding optical system includes an axially symmetric curved surface and a non-axially symmetric curved surface as an optical surface through which image light from the image element passes.
The axisymmetric curved surface and the non-axisymmetric curved surface are disposed along the incident side optical axis,
The rotating unit is a head to 90 ° rotating optical element, and the image sensor and the diaphragm, on the incident side optical axis including the axisymmetric curved surface of the optical member constituting the light guide optical system On-board display.   2. The image device according to claim 1, wherein the image element forms an image of a rectangular area, and can switch between vertical and horizontal postures in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the rectangular area in accordance with a pivoting operation by the pivoting unit. Head mounted display.   The head mounted display according to claim 2, wherein the light guide optical system has an effective area for guiding the video light in both vertical and horizontal directions with respect to switching between vertical and horizontal directions by rotation of the video element. The light guiding optical system includes an axially symmetric lens having the axially symmetric curved surface as an optical surface, and a non-axially symmetric lens having the non-axially symmetric curved surface as an optical surface,
The head mounted display according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pivoting portion pivots from the video element to the axisymmetric lens. A video element that produces video light;
A light guide optical system for guiding image light from the image element;
A stop having an aperture having a shape corresponding to the shape of an exit surface of image light in the image element;
And a pivoting unit for pivoting the diaphragm together with the video element;
It further comprises a lens barrel for fixing a plurality of optical members constituting the light guiding optical system,
The lens barrel is a first lens barrel member that is connected to the image element and that accommodates an optical member formed of only an axisymmetric curved surface of the light guiding optical system, and a non-axisymmetric of the light guiding optical system And a second barrel member for housing an optical member including a curved surface,
The optical member constituted only by the axisymmetric curved surface and the optical member including the non-axisymmetric curved surface are disposed along the incident side optical axis,
The said rotation part is a head mounted display which rotates 90 degrees of said 1st barrel member about the said incident side optical axis among the said lens barrels.   The diaphragm is provided on the side of the first lens barrel member at a joint portion of the first lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member, and is rotated together with the first lens barrel member by the rotation portion. The head mounted display according to claim 5. The light guiding optical system includes a light guiding member for guiding the image light by being reflected on the inner surface, and a light transmitting member for causing the external light and the image light to be overlapped for visual recognition by being attached to the light guiding member. Including a light guide device,
The head mounted display according to any one of claims 5 and 6, wherein the second lens barrel member positions the light guiding device.   The head mounted display according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the pivoting portion has a stopper mechanism related to pivoting at a coupling portion between the first lens barrel member and the second lens barrel member. .   The head mounted display according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rotation unit includes an actuator for causing a rotation operation.

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