JP6524426B2 - Disaster prevention shelter - Google Patents

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disaster prevention shelter for protecting people from various disasters including volcanic eruption disasters and landslide disasters.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of houses for which disaster prevention shelters are installed to protect the residents themselves due to the increased awareness of the risk of earthquake disasters.
One example of such a disaster prevention shelter that effectively exerts a protective function is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.

Patent No. 5167505

What was disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a steel frame type disaster prevention shelter for installing a sleeping product inside and for protecting a person who goes to bed on the sleeping product from house collapse at the time of an earthquake. The upper frame portion connecting between the upper portions and the bottom frame portion connecting between the bottom portions of the support portions are formed in a trapezoidal frame shape whose upper portion is narrowed, and a pair of standingly disposed oppositely in the longitudinal direction of the sleeping product It has a protective frame which is bridged over the main frame, the surface on the back side to the open entrance side corresponding to one side of the sleeping product, and the top surface connecting the pair of upper frames in front and rear, In the main frame, the column portion on the inlet / outlet side and the upper frame portion are integrally formed through the bending portion, and the remaining column on the back side is a separate straight pipe and the end portion on the back side of the upper frame portion Are integrally connected in a diagonally crossing state, the protective It is divided into two frames of a frame and a top surface protection frame, and the side surface protection frame is attached in parallel with the front and rear columns of the straight pipe, and the top surface protection frame is And a pair of front and rear upper frame portions attached in parallel to the upper frame portions.
The disaster prevention shelter disclosed herein is provided with a protective frame on both the back side and the top surface, and is considered to be able to effectively exhibit a protective function against earthquake failure.
By the way, this disaster prevention shelter is provided with a protective frame on the back side and the top surface, and it is an open type with no protective frame on the other side, that is, the front, side, and bottom,・ Assuming that it is installed indoors in a caution area, it can not only effectively demonstrate its protection function against sediment disasters such as debris flow and landslides that occurred with the recent abnormal weather, but it also widely Even when installed on a volcano as a countermeasure, the protective function can not be exhibited effectively.
Therefore, the present applicant has previously proposed a steel disaster prevention shelter which has a cylindrical shape whose front and rear sides are closed and which has an inside as an evacuation space and is provided with an access door. This shelter has a cylindrical shape with closed front and back, so it is high in strength and high in safety, but it is not only expensive to produce but also integrated, so it is installed on sites such as volcanic slopes. The cost of doing so is very expensive, it is inconvenient to carry out, and if it is sealed, it will be doubtful whether it will be possible to return to the outside if the disaster becomes larger than expected.

  The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and the production cost is low, and the transportation / installation cost to a volcano site can be easily and inexpensively divided by division transportation, and protection from disasters is assured. In addition, it aims at providing a disaster prevention shelter where it is easy to secure the fleeing to the outside after a disaster.

In order for the present invention to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 forms a cube-shaped concave on the foundation which is the oblique wall of the volcano, and the upward and downward inclined side of the oblique wall is open. An evacuation pit is excavated, and on the downward slope side of the evacuation pit, a step is provided to communicate with the ground, and on the corresponding side edge on the evacuation pit, a longitudinal wall is formed. The side support beams are fixed in the direction of inclination, and a plurality of cross beams are constructed so as to pass over the evacuation pit and between the pair of side support beams. with protective roof multiple split is deployed so as to cover the, on the basis an outer circumference of the protective roof and side receiving beam and cross beam and is made construct, with the exception of the stairs side, with volcanic stone A buffer material is laminated and installed.

As described above, according to the present invention, an evacuation pit having a cube-shaped concave shape and having an open upper side and a downward sloping direction side of the oblique wall is excavated on the foundation which is the oblique wall of the volcano, and the evacuation pit A step is provided on the downhill side of the slope to communicate with the ground, and on the corresponding side edge on the evacuation pit, the side support beam is fixed with its longitudinal direction directed to the slope of the slanted wall At the same time, a plurality of cross beams are installed between the pair of side beams so as to pass over the evacuation pit, and on these cross beams, a multi-divided protective roof is provided to cover the evacuation pit. Since the buffer material which is a volcanic stone is laminated and installed on the base which is deployed and on the protective roof and the outer circumference of the structure which side beams and cross beams form, except for the stairs side , The cost is low, and the transportation and installation costs to the volcano site It is possible to provide a disaster shelter escape easily the easily by split conveyor and with less expensive in requiring such a reliably protected from disasters addition to the outside after the disaster are so likely to be ensured.

FIG. 3 is an arrow view of an embodiment of the present invention as viewed in a direction I in FIG. II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The perspective view of the disaster prevention shelter which shows other embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG. 4; VI-VI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. VII-VII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The VIII-VIII line expanded sectional view of FIG. Sectional drawing seen from the front which shows other embodiment. Sectional drawing seen from the front which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the front of the disaster prevention shelter which shows other embodiment. The top view of FIG. 13 which shows other embodiment. The arrow line view seen from the XIII direction of FIG. The side sectional view showing other embodiments.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a disaster prevention shelter which can temporarily protect a person who escapes from the incursion such as cinder and pyroclastic flow accompanied by a volcanic disaster such as a steam explosion or a magma explosion eruptive, and these figures Shows the installation of a disaster prevention shelter on the slope of a volcanic mountain. The attacking direction of the cinder and pyroclastic flow is indicated by the arrow from right to left in FIG.
1 is a foundation which is the oblique wall itself of the volcano which causes a steam explosion or a magma explosion and eruption. The base 1 is formed at an angle of about 7 to 10 degrees or steeper than that shown in the drawing, and is inclined downward in the arrow X direction in FIGS. 1 and 2. The arrow X may be set as Y or an intermediate XY direction as shown on the upper side of FIG. 1, or may be set to another direction.

  An evacuation pit 2 is excavated in the base 1 and has a cube-shaped concave shape, the upper side of which is an open type, and on the front side of the front opening is provided a stairs (climbing means) 3 for communicating with the ground. ing. On the left and right side edges 1a, 1a corresponding to each other on the same pit 2, there are fixedly installed side receiving beams 5 in parallel through seat plates 4 made of hard rubber pads. The side receiving beam 5 is an H-shaped steel in which the flange portions are vertically disposed, and is fixed to the side edge 1a of the base 1 by an anchor (not shown). A plurality of cross beams 7 are bridged so as to pass through the evacuation pit 2 right and left via the pair of left and right side receiving beams 5. These cross beams 7 are H-shaped steels or I-shaped steels, and the flanges thereof are adapted to be mounted on the side support beams 5 and fixed. A plurality of split-type protective roofs 8 are detachably mounted so as to cover the top of the evacuation pit 2 via the cross beams 7. A high heat insulating material such as carbon fiber, glass wool mat, ceramic blanket or the like may be provided on the protective roof 8 and on the upper and lower surfaces. Moreover, it is effective for safety protection if buffer materials 9 such as volcanic stone are placed on the protective roof 8 for buffering when cinders and the like come in. If the buffer members 9 are stacked and installed on both sides and the X side of FIG. 1 as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 3, the degree of safety is further improved. Furthermore, the cross beam 7 may be provided with a projection 10 that extends into the evacuation pit 2 to prevent lateral displacement.

In the evacuation pit 2, inner protective plates 12 may be attached to the left and right side surfaces, the bottom surface, and the back surface of the evacuation pit 2, respectively, and may be fixed by fastening anchors 13. Furthermore, a drainage groove 14 can be provided on the bottom of the evacuation pit 2. The disaster prevention shelter can also be equipped with an air conditioning pipe for degassing and refueling as shown in FIG.
Since this disaster prevention shelter can be assembled on the site by air transporting the divided members, air transportation can be carried out easily and safely at low cost. The stairs 3 may be slopes. An open / close lid may be provided at the top opening of the space where the climbing means is located.

  4 to 8 show another embodiment. This disaster prevention shelter is provided with an evacuation pit 21 excavated in a cube shape on a base 20 which is the surface of the volcano itself, an inner protective plate 22 is stuck and fixed on the inner surface thereof, and stairs (climbing means) 23 are evacuation pit 21 And a plurality of overlapping members of the lower hard rubber shock absorbing seat 25 and the upper PC concrete upper receiving seat 26 are embedded and fixed at the left and right edges of the evacuation pit 21. A bottom cover 27 is placed on the upper side of these and a triangle roof type shelter main body 30 is installed by being fixed by an anchor 28.

  The shelter body 30 is entirely made of steel, and has a roof formed of two equilateral sides of a right triangle as a roof and having an inner and outer heat insulation space inside and outside. The main body 30 has three H-shaped steel diagonal beams 32 at one side, and the diagonal beams 32 are arranged apart in the longitudinal direction of the main body, and a plurality of upper and lower stages between the diagonal beams 32 are arranged. It connects by the cross beam 33 ..., Furthermore, the indoor side heat insulation board 34 and the outdoor side heat insulation board 35 are attached disassemblable. As shown in FIG. 7, the oblique beam 32 and the transverse beam 33 have a structure that can be integrated by division and connection. 32a is a base bracket and 33a is a joint piece. Further, among the three, a partition plate 37 as shown in FIG. 8 is provided between the front and rear middle diagonal beam 32 and the other front and rear diagonal beams 32, and an angle type roof is provided on the front and rear of the partition plate 37. The end of the split-type outside heat insulating material 35 is attached by placing the end pieces 38 in a back-to-back manner and tightening them through the clamping fasteners 39, and the outside heat insulating material 35 disposed back and forth , 35 are detachably attached to the flange portion of the oblique beam 32 by fasteners.

  These frame structures are configured on the left and right to form a shelter main body 30 having a triangular roof shape, and the bottom seats 27 on the left and right are mounted on the upper support 26 and the anchors 28 are driven into the base 20. Is fixed. A central plate 41 is provided at the center of the shelter body 30, and a support rod 42 mounted at its lower end with a top end is connected to and supported by the bottom anchor 43 in the evacuation pit 21. Reference numeral 44 denotes a drainage groove, and 45 denotes an air conditioning pipe capable of degassing / refilling with air. The air conditioning pipe 45 can also be applied to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3.

  The base 20 shown in FIG. 4 is an example where digging can be carried out, but when the base 20 is a hard layer such as rock, as shown in FIG. 9, the shelter main body 30 is directly driven on the base 20 without the evacuation pit 21. Fix it. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the shelter main body 30 is mounted and fixed at a high position through the stand 47 to form a high and wide evacuation space and shield the side protection plate 48 for protection from outside invasion. Deployed in the form of

  In the embodiment described above, the left and right sides of the roof are isosceles shelter main bodies, but in the case of the base 50 as shown in FIG. 11 in which one has a step-like slope portion higher than the other, the high side The shelter main body 51 is formed and installed so as to be formed in a short side corresponding to the upper side and fixedly mounted on the high side of the step. The reference numerals are the same as in the above embodiment. The basic structure is similar to that shown in FIGS. 4-8. 52 is protective means such as masonry or concrete block.

  12 and 13 show another embodiment. In the same embodiment, the reference numeral 54 denotes a base on which the disaster prevention shelter S is installed. For example, the left side is high on the side where a volcanic material or the like comes in, but the whole is represented as a horizontal surface in the figure. 55 is a square bottom plate such as a veneer board or a steel plate, fixed on the base 54, vertical pillars 56 are erected at four corners of the bottom plate 55, and the base is embedded and fixed in the base 54 There is. A plurality of waste tires 57 having a heat resistant paint coated on the surface thereof are stacked and disposed around each of the columns 56, and the protective roof 58 in the form of a flat square is horizontally detached via the upper ends of the columns 56. It is attached and fixed freely. The protective roof 58 is formed by combining a plurality of grooves steel a, flat bars b, etc. longitudinally and longitudinally, and arranging a top surface material c and a bottom surface material d above and below for integration. The protective roof 58 is detachably fixed to the support 56 side.

  Invasion of cinders and pyroclastic flow accompanying volcanic disaster such as steam explosion and magma explosion is assumed as illustrated arrow X (from the left side), and the side that opposes X of the protective roof 58 in response to the disaster The upper and lower hooks 60... Are protruded and the metal protective mesh 61 is stretched. The mesh 61 may be stretched on other surfaces. When the mesh 61 is stretched on all the surfaces, an openable / closable entrance / exit is provided. Also, on the side where incursions are expected, protection means 63 such as rock protection and concrete protection may be provided. Further, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 13, an evacuation pit 64 may be provided on the base 54 corresponding to the inside of the disaster prevention shelter S, and an inner protective plate may be stretched on the inner surface thereof. 65 is a stair (or slope). The support post 56 may be embedded in the ground as shown by a broken line in FIG. Further, the waste tire 57 may constitute a safer disaster prevention shelter S by additional deployment such as continuous deployment on the attacking side X shown in FIG. 12.

  FIG. 14 shows another embodiment. The present embodiment shows an example of a simple disaster prevention shelter S in the case of a hard disk where the base 70 of the volcanic body can not be excavated, and 2 m by means of rock volume or concrete forming on the side where the invasion X is assumed. While forming the protective fence 71 of the above height, the rear wall 72 by lamination of H-shaped steel etc. is fixedly installed in the downstream side, and further, between the rear wall 72 and the upper end of the protective fence 71 A plurality of pipes are provided, and a heat resistant protective cover 75 is stretched on the upper surface thereof, and an evacuation space is formed therebelow. 74 is each anchor.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base 2 ... Evacuation pit 3 ... A climbing means 5 ... Side joist 7 ... Cross beam 8 ... Protective roof.

Claims (1)

On the basement which is the oblique wall of the volcano, there is excavated an evacuation pit which has a cube-shaped concave shape and is open upward as well as the downward inclination side of the oblique wall, and in the downward inclination direction of the evacuation pit. There is provided a step to communicate with the ground, and on the corresponding side edge on the evacuation pit, the side support beam is fixed with its longitudinal direction in the slanting direction of the oblique wall, and these pair of sides A plurality of cross beams are erected so as to pass over the evacuation pit, and a multi-divided protective roof is provided on these cross beams so as to cover the evacuation pit, and the protective roof is installed on the protective roof. And the disaster prevention shelter where the buffer material which is volcanic stone is laminated and installed on the base which is the outer circumference of the construction which a side joist and a cross beam make except for the step side .

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