JP2007016573A - Structural body for evacuation upon earthquake in a wooden house - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To get rid of a serious accident by quickly and temporarily evacuating when an existing wooden house collapses or the roof or the like falls upon an earthquake, while minimizing the cost for the refurbishment. <P>SOLUTION: A skeleton body 4 comprising four structural columns 1, four structural beams 2 rigidly connecting upper ends of the structural columns 1 in a bridging manner, and a plurality of reinforcing beam members 3 is formed to have a portal rigid frame structure in both directions between girders and between beams, and is installed in a unit room R of the wooden house B. Lower parts of the structural columns 1 comprising the skeleton body 4 are settled on a concrete foundation 11 additionally constructed under a floor surface at a position displaced inward from four corner parts of the unit room R. An expansion metal 15 for catching a falling object is expanded over an entire ceiling surface of the skeleton body 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is associated with collapse by temporarily evacuating a wooden house, especially when an existing wooden house built according to old earthquake resistance standards encounters an earthquake or collapses when the danger of collapse is imminent. The present invention relates to an earthquake evacuation structure in a wooden house that can effectively avoid the occurrence of a serious accident.

  Looking at the current housing situation in Japan, there are still a large number of existing wooden houses built according to the old earthquake resistance standards. In such an old existing wooden house, because the earthquake-resistant technology at the time of construction was immature, it is necessary that the components such as walls, columns, beams, trunk differences, foundations etc. that receive earthquake force are not firmly joined, In many cases, there are not enough mechanisms to resist earthquakes, such as when the foundation is not tightly joined to the foundation. Along with this, aging and even damage caused by white ants, the entire residential building collapsed, not only in the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, but also in a medium-scale earthquake rather than a major earthquake. It is likely to lead to a serious accident such as death (crushing death).

In recent years, various seismic retrofitting techniques have been proposed as measures for preventing the collapse of residential buildings leading to such serious accidents. Its typical seismic retrofitting technology includes:
(A) Reinforce an existing framework with braces.
(B) Reinforce existing columns with steel columns.
(C) Install bearing walls with structural plywood.
(D) A sleeve wall and a steel buttress are installed outside the building.
Etc. Seismic reinforcement means are known.

  However, according to the seismic reinforcement means as shown in the above (a) to (d), although the seismic strengthened local earthquake resistance can be improved, there is one place with low earthquake resistance in the old existing wooden house. There are almost no cases, and there are many cases where the earthquake resistance is insufficient in several to several tens of places throughout the building. In short, there is a problem that the cost of seismic retrofitting becomes enormous.

  In addition, not only when the above-mentioned seismic reinforcement is not applied, but also when the seismic reinforcement is applied, a large earthquake that exceeds the seismic resistance due to the reinforcement occurs, which causes the building to collapse or When a roof collapses, such as when it collapses, it is unavoidable to cause a serious accident such as the death of a collapsed building or collapsed roof, and this point is an earthquake-resistant repair in an old wooden house. It is the biggest issue when engaging in

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and while saving the cost required for renovation as much as possible, when a collapse or collapse of a roof or the like occurs due to an earthquake, it is possible to evacuate quickly and temporarily to avoid a serious accident. The purpose is to provide an earthquake evacuation frame in a wooden house.

  In order to achieve the above object, an earthquake evacuation structure in a wooden house according to the present invention includes four structural columns erected at four corners in a unit room of the wooden house, and a ceiling of the unit room. The frame structure of the portal ramen structure is constructed in both directions between the beams and beams by four structural beams arranged along the four wall surfaces under the surface and rigidly connected between the upper ends of the structural columns. Among the four structural beams of the frame, a plurality of reinforcing beam members are rigidly joined to each other at a distance in the longitudinal direction between at least one pair of beams facing each other. A bent column that can be fixed on the concrete foundation to be added under the floor of the unit room is integrated with the lower end of the structural pillar of the book at a position displaced inward of the unit room from the foundation for the wooden house. It is connected, and the whole ceiling surface of the frame is for receiving fallen objects It is characterized in that the surface material is provided.

  According to the present invention having the above-described characteristic configuration, a framework having a portal ramen structure in both directions between the beam and the beam and having a face material for receiving fallen objects over the entire ceiling surface is provided in a wooden house. Installed in one unit room on the lower floor arbitrarily selected for reasons such as being in the position where residents are most likely to act among many rooms, and the four structural pillars of the skeleton By fixing the bent column that is integrally connected to the lower end of the concrete foundation to be added under the floor of the unit room, the building itself collapses, the roof collapses, or collapses due to the occurrence of an earthquake. It is possible to secure a frame structure in a wooden house that has sufficient structural strength to withstand the earthquake even in the event of an abnormal situation such as the imminent danger. Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, you can quickly and temporarily evacuate to the frame, thereby avoiding serious accidents such as death (crushing death) under a collapsed building or collapsed roof. be able to.

  In particular, there are many places where old earthquake resistance standards that are not sufficiently resistant to earthquakes have been built, and there are many places that are deficient in earthquake resistance due to aging and damage of white ants. It is very effective as an earthquake countermeasure in wooden houses, and it is only necessary to install a frame in one unit room. Therefore, earthquake-proof reinforcement as shown in the above (a) to (d) Compared to recent earthquake-resistant repair methods that need to be applied to several to several tens of buildings, the cost of repair can be reduced.

In the earthquake evacuation frame in the wooden house according to the present invention, the four structural pillars of the frame body are formed of a steel pipe having a round or square cross section as described in claim 2. At the same time, it is preferable that the curved column body is composed of a steel pipe elbow having a round cross section or a square cross section.
In this case, off-the-shelf (commercially available) steel pipes and steel pipe elbows can be used as they are as pillars and bent pillars necessary for constructing the frame structure in a portal ramen structure in both the beam and beam directions. The manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Further, in the earthquake evacuation frame in the wooden house according to the present invention, as described in claim 3, the upper ends of two columns positioned diagonally among the four structural columns of the frame By installing horizontal braces between the sections, the seismic strength of the frame can be further increased, and the safety of use of the evacuation frame during an earthquake can be further enhanced.

Further, in the earthquake evacuation frame in the wooden house according to the present invention, the fall material receiving face material provided over the entire ceiling surface of the frame body may be expanded metal or Any of the corrugated plates may be used.
When using expanded metal, it is possible to reduce the weight of the evacuation frame while allowing small objects that do not affect human life, such as dust, to fall, and when using corrugated plates, the weight of the frame can be reduced. Although it increases a little, the lifesaving effect by temporary evacuation can be enhanced when it takes a long time to be rescued by preventing the entry of small items such as dust.

  In the above explanation, when an earthquake occurred, it was explained that it escaped into the frame installed in the unit room and evacuated, but at night etc. by sleeping in the room where the frame was installed, There is no escape delay due to the occurrence of an earthquake at bedtime, and a more effective evacuation effect can be exhibited.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a unit room R on the lower floor (1FL) selected by the owner (owner) among a large number of rooms in an old existing two-story wooden house B. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y-Y in FIG. The main structure of the emergency evacuation frame A includes four structural pillars 1 erected at the four corners in the unit room R and four wall surfaces W under the ceiling surface C of the unit room R. Four structural beams 2 that are arranged alongside and rigidly connected between the upper ends of the structural pillars 1, and a pair of beams 2, 2 facing each other among the four structural beams 2. A plurality of the beams 2 and 2 which are rigidly joined at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction (shown as three in the drawing, but may be two or four or more) Reinforcing beam members (the joists) 3, which comprises a constructed framework member 4 by.

  By using steel pipes having a round cross section as the four structural columns 1, the frame body 4 is configured as a portal ramen structure in both directions between the beam and the beam. The four structural beams 2 are made of H-shaped steel, and these structural beams 2 are welded and fixed to the upper end of the structural column 1 made of a round steel pipe, as clearly shown in FIG. It is configured so that it can be rigidly connected to the short H-shaped steel 5 projecting inward by a construction site via a joint member 6 and a high tension bolt 7. Further, the reinforcing beam member 3 is made of H-shaped steel which is smaller than the structural beam 2, and as shown in FIG. 5, a high tension is applied to the joint plate 8 which is welded and fixed to the structural beam 2. It is configured to be capable of being rigidly joined via a bolt 9 at a construction site.

  And, as clearly shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, at the lower end of each structural pillar 1, a position displaced diagonally inward of the unit room R from the four corners of the existing fabric foundation B 1 in the wooden house B Then, a bent column 13 that can be fixed via anchor bolts 12 is integrally formed on a concrete foundation (solid foundation) 11 containing reinforcing steel formed by cast-in-place concrete on the split chestnut 10 below the floor F of the unit room R. It is connected. The bent column 13 is formed by joining two steel pipe elbows 13a, 13a having a round cross section and bent at 45 °, and a fixing plate 14 by the anchor bolt 12 is provided on the lower end horizontal surface of the lower steel pipe elbow 13a. It is welded.

  Further, as clearly shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, as shown clearly in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, a falling object is received on the entire lower surface of the plurality of reinforcing beam members (H-shaped steel) 3 forming the ceiling surface of the frame 4. An expanded metal 15 serving as a face material is stretched through a support angle 16 so as not to sag. Further, between the upper ends of the two pillars 1 and 1 located in the diagonal direction among the four structural pillars 1, turn-buckle fastening type horizontal braces 17 are respectively constructed.

The earthquake evacuation frame A composed of the above-mentioned components is constructed by site construction in one unit room R on the lower floor (1FL) selected in the old existing two-story wooden house B. Yes, the construction method at the site will be briefly described below.
(1) A structural column 1, a structural beam 2, a reinforcing beam member 3, a support angle 16, and a horizontal brace 17 in which a bent column 13 is integrally connected to a lower end and a short H-shaped steel 5 is fixed to the upper end by welding. The constituent members such as the expanded metal 15 are brought into the construction site in a disassembled state.
(2) After the split chestnut 10 is applied below the floor surface F of the unit room R on the lower floor selected in the two-story wooden house B, the concrete foundation 11 with reinforcing bars is formed from the cast-in-place concrete. At this time, anchor bolts 12 are embedded in the concrete foundation 11 with reinforcing bars.
(3) Next, the four structural columns 1 are brought into the unit room R, and the fixing plate 14 welded to the lower end thereof is fixed on the concrete foundation 11 with reinforcing bars via the anchor bolts 12. By doing so, the four structural pillars 1 are erected at the four corners of the unit room R.
(4) Subsequently, the four structural beams 2 are rigidly connected to each other through the joint member 6 and the high tension bolt 7 between the short H-shaped steel 5 at the upper end of the structural column 1 and a pair of opposed members A frame structure with a portal ramen structure in both directions between the beam and the beam by rigidly joining a plurality of reinforcing beam members (small beams) 3 between the beams 2 and 2 via joint plates 8 and high tension bolts 9. 4 is assembled and constructed.
(5) After that, an expanded metal 15 for receiving a fallen object is stretched over the entire lower surface of the plurality of reinforcing beam members 3 forming the ceiling surface of the frame body 4 via a support angle 16. By installing a horizontal brace 17 of a turnbuckle fastening type between the upper ends of the two pillars 1, 1 located diagonally among the four structural pillars 1 in the unit room R, Build a high-strength earthquake evacuation frame A.

  With the above-mentioned construction on site, it is possible to construct a predetermined earthquake evacuation structure A in an arbitrarily selected unit room R even in an old existing two-story wooden house B. The cost required for refurbishment can be reduced as compared with renovation means such as dismantling and removing a part of the building and newly building a room including the evacuation structure A for earthquake.

  And after the earthquake evacuation structure A is built in the unit room R, when there is an earthquake, there is no time, physical strength and mental allowance to evacuate outside the house. By quickly evacuating and evacuating into the frame A close to the inside of the wooden house B, it is possible to avoid a serious accident such as death (crushing death) under a collapsed building or a collapsed roof.

  In the embodiment described above, the expanded metal 15 is stretched as the face material for receiving the fallen object. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of parts forming the ceiling surface of the skeleton 4 are used. A corrugated plate 18 commonly referred to as a keystone plate may be laid on the entire upper surface of the reinforcing beam member 3. In this case, it is possible to prevent small items such as dust from falling into the frame body during collapse.

  In addition, the present invention is constructed based on the old earthquake resistance standard that is not sufficiently resistant to earthquakes, and there are many places where the earthquake resistance is insufficient due to aging and damage of white ants. It is very effective as an earthquake countermeasure in existing wooden houses in the situation, but when constructing a new wooden house, it is in one unit room on the lower floor in the case of two floors, and optional in the case of a one-story house. Even if the evacuation frame A is constructed in advance in the unit room as an earthquake countermeasure, the same effect can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the cross-section round steel pipe was used as the structure pillar 1, you may use a cross-section square steel pipe.

  Furthermore, when applying to a wooden house with a very large number of rooms, the earthquake evacuation frame A according to the present invention is not only installed in one unit room, but also installed in a plurality of unit rooms. In the event of an earthquake, it is possible to escape into the nearest structure A and evacuate, and the rate of serious accidents can be further reduced.

  It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows the state which constructed | assembled the structure for evacuation at the time of the earthquake which concerns on this invention in one unit room in an old existing two-story wooden house.   It is a cross-sectional view in the XX line of FIG.   It is a cross-sectional view in the YY line of FIG.   FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part of FIG. 1.   It is an enlarged view of the principal part which shows the relationship between the structural beam and the reinforcing beam material, and the stretched state of the expanded metal for falling object reception.   It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows the fixing | fixed part structure to the concrete foundation of the structural pillar.   It is an enlarged view of the principal part which shows the laying state of the corrugated board for falling object reception.

Explanation of symbols

1 Structural pillar 2 Structural beam 3 Reinforcement beam (small beam)
4 Frame structure with ramen structure in both directions between beam and beam 11 Reinforced concrete foundation 13 Curved column 13a Steel pipe elbow 15 Expanded metal (an example of face material for receiving fallen objects)
17 Horizontal brace 18 Corrugated plate (Another example of falling material receiving face material)
A Earthquake evacuation frame B Existing two-story wooden house C Ceiling surface F Floor surface R Unit room

Claims (4)

  Between the four structural pillars standing at the four corners in one unit room in a wooden house and the upper end of each structural pillar arranged along the four wall surfaces under the ceiling of the unit room The four structural beams rigidly connected to each other form a frame structure of the portal ramen structure in both the beams and between the beams, and at least one pair of the four structural beams of the frame is opposed to each other. A plurality of reinforcing beam members are rigidly joined to each other at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the lower ends of the four structural columns of the frame are located inside the unit room rather than the foundation for a wooden house. A bent column that can be fixed on the concrete foundation that is added below the floor surface of the unit room at a position displaced toward the bottom is integrally connected, and the entire ceiling surface of the frame body is a surface for receiving fallen objects. Evacuation frames for earthquakes in wooden houses characterized by the provision of materials .   The four structural columns of the frame are made of a steel tube elbow having a round cross section or a square shape, and the bent column is made of a steel pipe elbow having a round cross section or a square shape. An earthquake evacuation structure in the wooden house described.   The evacuation at the time of earthquake in the wooden house of Claim 1 or 2 with which the horizontal brace is each constructed between the upper end part of the two pillars located diagonally among the four structural pillars of the said frame Frame structure.   The frame for evacuation at earthquake in a wooden house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the falling material receiving face material is expanded metal or corrugated plate.

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