JP2011069178A - Indoor evacuation facility having earthquake resistance and fire resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a structure and construction method of an indoor evacuation facility for protecting an earthquake-proof repair of a general household such as a wooden house and an existing building at an inexpensive and reliable construction and protecting a fire-resistant life.
Reinforcement includes reinforced concrete foundations 1 at the four corners of a control room, four reinforcing steel columns 2 standing on the top of the foundation, four lower steel beams 3 fixed, and four upper parts. The steel beam 5 is fixed. It is assumed that four horizontal reinforcing brace columns of four reinforced steel columns standing upright at the four corners are joined by a steel horizontal brace 7 and the floor, wall, and ceiling are finished with a material having fireproof and fireproof performance.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure and a construction method capable of having an earthquake-resistant structure and fire-resistant performance in a room for protecting lives when a wooden house collapses due to an earthquake.

  Old wooden houses (especially buildings before May 31, 1981) are structurally less resistant to earthquakes than reinforced concrete and steel frames, and are more likely to collapse due to the occurrence of a large earthquake, preventing collapse There is a problem that the seismic retrofitting work takes the whole building and expensive cost and construction period.

  Therefore, I think that it is necessary to make a safe structure in only one room of the house because it can be evacuated to a safe structure room by the emergency earthquake prediction bulletin issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency a few seconds to a dozen seconds before the recent earthquake occurrence. It is thought that only life is protected.

  (Conventional example 1) A concrete floor slab is built in the entire space of a room in an existing building, and a steel foundation is installed on the floor. It is composed of four steel columns at the four corners and a steel beam set at the top. It may not be said that it is a solid structure simply by being placed on the floor slab, and it has a structure with poor fire resistance.

  (Conventional example 2) Similar to Example 1, the same procedure is applied until the concrete floor slab is built in the entire space of the room of the existing building, but then four steel columns are erected at the four corners and the steel frame is installed at the upper end. It is a structure with poor fire resistance due to a complicated structure (pin structure) by attaching a steel wall wall panel to the wall surface at regular intervals and attaching a steel frame (brace) to the wall panel.

  (Conventional Example 3) is very similar to the present invention, but it is necessary to increase the cross section of the column member due to the eccentric load on the vertical column due to the bending of the column base of the metal column, and the pentahedral frame. It is a structure.

  JP 2006-241892 A (Conventional example 1)   JP 2006-083540 (conventional example 2)   JP 2007-016573 (Conventional Example 3)

  In earthquake-resistant repair work that is expensive, the work covers the entire building, and it was forced to move during the work. There is a method to reinforce only one room of an existing wooden building in the conventional method, but the solid structure is incomplete. The structure and structure were complicated, expensive and the construction required a long time.

  Therefore, I think that there is a need to provide a safe space that can be completed in a short period of time and only a single house can be completed while protecting the conventional living space.

  The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, in particular, caused a wooden house to collapse instantly and a fire broke out, resulting in the loss of life for many people, including elderly and physically disabled people.・ Self-help among public assistance and public assistance is the most important thing. To that end, all she has to do is construct an evacuation facility in his own house. In order to protect life, fire resistance must not be taken into consideration, but it must have not only earthquake resistance but also fire resistance.

Means to solve the problem

  In order to provide a solid structure, the concrete foundation of a typical wooden house that adopts a steel column ramen structure with a fixed column base is as shallow as about 25 cm in depth, and the reinforced concrete that connects the foundation and foundation of the ramen structure to the ground. Since the depth of the foundation (underground beam) is generally about 70 cm deeper than the ground surface, and there is a possibility of adversely affecting the existing foundation in a wooden house, in the present invention, a steel column standing on a reinforced concrete foundation It is a hexahedral frame structure that replaces a reinforced concrete foundation (underground beam) by providing a steel beam (friction welding method) at the lower part of the column.

Also, to give fire resistance, make a framework with lightweight steel frames on the wall, apply formwork on both sides and pour a mixture with diatomaceous earth as the main material into the space to construct a wall with fire resistance,
This is an indoor evacuation facility to protect life with earthquake resistance and fire resistance, and the construction method adopts the following characteristic configuration.

  The concrete configuration of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 1. Concrete foundations 1 (FIG. 1) reinforced with reinforcing bars are applied to the four corners of a room to be reinforced, and after a curing period of several days, an existing wooden structure is provided. Four steel columns 2 (Fig. 1) are erected and fixed by anchor bolts on the upper part of the concrete foundation along the room side of the room columns, and the four lower steel beams 3 (Fig. 1) are pre-installed in the factory. 2 (FIG. 1) is fixed to the lower short steel beam 4 (FIG. 1) (friction joining method), and the four upper steel beams 5 (FIG. 1) are similarly installed in the factory at the steel column 2 (FIG. 1). ) Is fixed to the upper short steel beam 6 (FIG. 1) welded to (), a complete hexahedron structure hexahedron is formed, and the steel column 2 (FIG. 1) standing upright at the four corners is formed. The steel horizontal brace 7 (Fig. 1) is fixed on the upper diagonal, and a small fallen object is received on the upper part. And paved with Mel expanded metal 8 (FIG. 1) body iron framework is completed.

  2 and FIG. 3, the frame 9 (FIG. 2) is made of a lightweight steel frame and fixed to the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam of the steel body. The mold 10 (FIG. 2) is applied on both sides, and the reinforcing lath 11 (FIG. 2) is placed between the mold, and the mixture 12 of diatomaceous earth, cement / perlite coarse aggregate and water (FIG. 3). The wall is cast from the upper part between the molds to form a fire-resistant wall, and the floor is reinforced with a lath on the synthetic slab deck plate 13 (FIG. 3), and the above diatomaceous earth / cement・ Pour the mixture of pearlite and smooth the surface with a plasterer at the same time, and finish it with the flooring material 14 (Fig. 3) for curing and drying the finishing material. Opened aluminum sash net with fireproof performance Build in glass (Class B fire door), to construct the indoor shelter with a seismic resistance and fire resistance in the floor, walls, ceiling, opening all.

The mixture is mixed at a ratio of diatomaceous earth 50 to 70%, cement 20 to 30% pearlite coarse aggregate 10 to 30%.

  The average particle diameter of the diatomaceous earth is preferably 5 microns to 1 mm.

  The pearlite coarse aggregate is obtained by rapidly heating and expanding pearlite, obsidian, etc., and is a very light gravel-like shape having many secret small bubbles inside. (To reduce the weight of walls and floors)

  Reinforcing lath is a thin steel plate with various cuts and stretched, and the thickness of the thin plate is a flat steel called a flat lath with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm (change the thickness if wall strength is required) ).

  Furthermore, the deck plate for slabs for synthesis is a formwork material for concrete floors, and is a 1.0 mm thick iron plate processed product.

The invention's effect

  As described above, the present invention evacuates to this evacuation room within a few seconds to a dozen seconds when an earthquake early warning is issued from the Japan Meteorological Agency as an earthquake-proof and fire-proof room evacuation room that is installed in the room of an existing wooden house. In this way, it can be used as a space where only life can be protected, especially for bedridden elderly people and people with physical disabilities, as well as rooms for bedtime, and can prevent earthquake accidents. It is possible to improve the efficiency of factory production and field work, and to obtain the optimal ramen structure hexahedron, and to obtain a stronger house structure due to the strength, toughness and elasticity unique to steel frames. In addition, the wall surface of the room can obtain the excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation properties of diatomaceous earth, and if the indoor formwork is removed, other effects of diatomaceous earth, that is, moisture absorption and deodorization can be achieved. Fruit also becomes can living space to obtain.

  Perspective view of an indoor evacuation facility with earthquake and fire resistance   Top view and partial details   Cross section   Cross section of an indoor evacuation facility constructed in a room of a wooden building

Industrial applicability

  Diatomaceous earth and pearlite coarse aggregate are natural materials and are eco-friendly materials that are kind to the earth. The structure can be recycled at the time of existing dismantling and reused in the next building.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reinforced concrete foundation 2 Steel column 3 Lower steel beam 4 Lower short steel beam 5 Upper steel beam 6 Upper short steel beam 7 Steel horizontal brace 8 Expanded metal 9 Light steel framework 10 Steel plate corrugated formwork 11 Reinforced lath 12 Diatomaceous earth Mixing 13 Deck plate for synthetic slab 14 Floor finishing material for direct application

Claims (3)

  In an earthquake- and fire-proof evacuation room in one room of an existing wooden house, reinforced steel columns standing in four corners and a lower steel beam that replaces the underground beam in the lower part of the column, the upper four steel frames in the upper part A structure with a rigid frame that has fixed beams and a steel frame horizontal brace diagonally fixed to the upper part of the reinforced steel column standing upright at the four corners, and an expanded metal that covers small falling objects over the entire upper part.   A lightweight steel frame is made and fixed to the upper and lower steel beams of the steel body, and a steel plate corrugated plate material is used as the mold material for the resin-molded mold and slats, and diatomaceous earth is used as the main raw material in the space. This is a structure in which a wall with fireproof performance is made by pouring the mixture into which the above mixture is poured, and the floor is flushed and smoothed on the synthetic slab deck plate.   The ratio of the mixture is a fire wall structure in which diatomaceous earth is used as a main raw material and cement is mixed in a ratio of 20-30% cement and 10-30% coarse aggregate.

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