JP5475054B2 - Seismic shelter reinforcement method and seismic shelter with high seismic strength - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention uses a frame of metal material, and can be easily installed in a room in an existing building and does not interfere with the building, and even if the existing building collapses during an earthquake, it retains its shape and breaks. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter in which a specific reinforcing member is provided at a corner column joint portion, and an earthquake-resistant shelter having high earthquake resistance strength reinforced by the method.

  Conventionally, various methods for improving the earthquake resistance of rooms in existing buildings, particularly wooden buildings, have been developed. As such a method, for example, there are methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

  Specifically, the purpose is to solve problems such as the tremendous cost burden and safety concerns of conventional earthquake-resistant reform of the entire building, limited use such as temporary indoor evacuation and prevention of crushing by existing indoor earthquake-proof shelter As an indoor wooden seismic shelter, the seismic reinforcement wooden members can be assembled inside a room in an existing wooden building, and the entire room is seismic strengthened according to the size of the room. (Patent Document 1). However, in this shelter, the materials of the framework are all cedar wood, except for the use of earthquake-resistant metal fittings to connect the frame members, and the wooden floors called structural plywood are also used for the floor, ceiling, and walls. Therefore, there is a risk that sufficient strength cannot be maintained during a major earthquake.

  In addition, four flooring materials can be provided at low cost because they can withstand excessive loads caused by buildings that have collapsed from the top during earthquakes to ensure internal safety and can be easily assembled indoors. Are connected to each other by a seismic bonding device embedded across the floor material on both sides to form a rectangular frame-shaped floor portion, and column materials are erected at the four corners of the upper surface of the floor portion. A pair of beam members that are vertically overlapped between the upper ends of the column members, and are connected to the column members by the joining device at both end surfaces. A plurality of intermediate beam members are connected to the beam members by the joining device at both ends between the beam members, a ceiling plate is laid on the upper surface surrounded by the column members and the beam members, A reinforcing beam member is mounted on the top surface of the ceiling plate so as to be perpendicular or parallel to the intermediate beam member. Method of assembling a seismic shelter, characterized in Rukoto has been proposed (Patent Document 2). However, this shelter is assembled by connecting the joints of each square member such as flooring, pillars, beams, etc. using cheap thinned wood with a metal joining device, and the seismic resistance of the frame itself Is insufficient.

  In addition, a wall reinforcement unit made of aluminum material is used to surround the room in order to reinforce the building and improve the seismic strength of the building, and to facilitate the work of loading and assembling the members. A step of arranging between the plurality of pillars arranged in the floor, a step of arranging the floor reinforcement unit under the floor of the room, a step of arranging the ceiling reinforcement unit behind the ceiling of the room, and a wall reinforcement unit, Seismic strength of a room in a wooden building, comprising a step of fixing to a pillar on both sides with a screw member and a step of connecting a floor surface reinforcing unit and a ceiling surface reinforcing unit with a wall surface reinforcing unit and a screw member. A seismic reinforcement method to be increased and a seismic shelter reinforced by this method have been proposed (Patent Document 3). However, this seismic shelter is a method of arranging a floor unit or the like formed in a rectangular frame shape by connecting each of the outer frame, the middle frame, the bracing H-shaped material and the reinforcing plate to each other by welding. It reinforces the building with structural integrity, and when the building collapses during a major earthquake, it may interfere with it and break together.

  For this reason, there is a demand for an earthquake-resistant shelter that can be easily installed in a room in an existing building and does not interfere with the building, and even if the existing building collapses in the event of an earthquake, it will not break and ensure the safety of the body inside It had been.

JP 2010-156174 A JP 2010-222830 A JP 2011-144543 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and can be easily assembled using a metal material in a room in an existing building, without causing interference with the building. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter that can retain its shape even when the building itself collapses and an earthquake-resistant shelter with high earthquake strength.

The present invention achieves the above object by providing the following inventions.
1. A method of reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter in which a base constituting a floor assembly, a column constituting a shaft assembly, and a girder constituting a hut assembly are each installed in a room of an existing building as a frame made of a plurality of lightweight steel frames ,
In order not to interfere with the foundation of the room of the existing building, the foundation of the earthquake resistant shelter is not fixed to the foundation of the room, and installed so as not to move with the weight of the earthquake resistant shelter itself after formation,
A plate is inserted on a horizontal plane between an end surface of a corner column located at a corner of the column and an end of the base or the beam, and the end of the corner column and the base are interposed with the plate interposed therebetween. Alternatively, the end of the spar is fixed on a vertical surface with a reinforcing plate ,
The plate is provided with an outer anti-rest material for fixing the foundation or the girder at a position corresponding to the two adjacent foundations or the outer wall surface of the end of the girder at the corner of the corner column. In addition, a method for reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter characterized by providing an inner anti-rest material for fixing them at a predetermined location on a surface in contact with the two adjacent foundations or girders .

2 . It is an earthquake-resistant shelter that installs a foundation that constitutes a floor assembly, a pillar that constitutes a shaft assembly, and a girder that constitutes a cabin assembly in a room of an existing building as a framework composed of a plurality of lightweight steel frames ,
The seismic shelter foundation is not fixed to the room foundation so as not to interfere with the room foundation of the existing building, and installed so as not to move with the weight of the seismic shelter itself,
A plate inserted on a horizontal plane between an end surface of a corner column located at a corner of the column and an end of the base or the girder, and an end of the corner column with the plate interposed therebetween A corner pillar joint portion comprising a base plate or a reinforcing plate fixed on the vertical surface to the end of the beam , and
The plate is provided with an outer anti-rest material for fixing the foundation or the girder at a location corresponding to the two adjacent foundations or the outer wall surface of the end of the girder at the corner of the corner column. An earthquake-resistant shelter, comprising an inner anti-restoration material for fixing them at a predetermined position on a surface in contact with two adjacent foundations or girders .

3 . 3. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to 2 , wherein the pillars constituting the shaft set include corner pillars at four corners and a spacer pillar positioned between the corner pillars.

  According to the method for reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention, it is possible to easily assemble a room in an existing building using a metal material, and even if the building itself collapses during an earthquake without interfering with the building. It can remain in shape. Moreover, according to the earthquake-resistant shelter of this invention, a thing with high earthquake resistance strength is provided.

  Hereinafter, the seismic shelter reinforcing method and the seismic shelter reinforced by the method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings based on preferred embodiments. The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the framework of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2 and 3 are enlarged perspective views, viewed from the shelter inner side and the plane side, showing the schematic configuration of the seismic reinforcing portion in the seismic shelter of FIG. 1, respectively. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing a schematic configuration in a state in which the seismic reinforcement portion in the seismic shelter of FIG. 1 is installed.
Moreover, FIGS. 5-9 shows each process of assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. In each figure, in principle, the upper side is a schematic plan view, and the lower side is a schematic front view / sectional view. However, the upper side of FIG. 7 shows a schematic bottom sectional view. Moreover, the basic front sectional view also shows the foundation of the target room of the existing building so that the method of assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter of the present embodiment can be better understood.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter of the present embodiment, the ceiling and floor of a room of an existing building (hereinafter referred to as “target room”) to be installed are opened in advance. On the foundation E of the target room, first, the foundation 11 of the earthquake-proof shelter is made of concrete.

  At this time, it installs so that the foundation 11 of an earthquake-proof shelter and the foundation of an object room may not interfere with each other. Thereby, even if an existing building shakes during an earthquake, the earthquake-resistant shelter can maintain its shape without resonating with it. As a result, even if the existing building is destroyed, the interior of the target room is protected by the earthquake resistant shelter.

  The foundation 11 is a reinforced concrete having a thickness of preferably 100 mm to 200 mm. The foundation 11 forms a square periphery so as to have a certain width within a range slightly narrower than the size of the target room in which the earthquake resistant shelter 10 of the present embodiment is installed. This is because it is necessary to provide a gap (space) between the wall of the target room and the wall of the earthquake-resistant shelter so as not to interfere with each other. The foundation 11 is not fixed to the foundation E of the target room, and is installed so as not to move with the weight of the seismic shelter itself after formation.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the base 12 is placed on the foundation 11. As the base 12, steel 75 mm × 75 mm square pipes are used on the four sides around the foundation 11. The square pipe as the base 12 is fixed by inserting anchor bolts (see FIGS. 7 to 9) into the reinforced concrete as the foundation 11 so that the square pipe does not float in the event of an earthquake.

  When fixing with anchor bolts, in order to further improve the earthquake resistance, two pieces of seismic isolation rubber (rubber packing) are stacked to a thickness of about 40 mm, and the base 12 is placed thereon. Then, by inserting a washer and tightening with a nut, the base 12 is prevented from moving.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, on the base 12, four corner columns 13 are vertically set at four corners, and four spacer columns 14 are vertically set at predetermined positions. As the corner pillars 13 and the intermediate pillars 14, steel 75 mm × 75 mm square pipes are used.

  At this time, the corner pillar 13 is previously provided with a reinforcing member at an end portion serving as a joint portion with the base 12 and an opposite end portion serving as a joint portion with the later-described beam 15.

  The corner column 13 provided with the reinforcing member is produced as follows. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pentagonal plate 1 is fixed to both end faces of the corner column 13 so that the right-angle portions thereof are in contact with each other. The plate 1 has a pentagonal shape in which both ends of the hypotenuse of a right triangle are cut out at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the base 12 or the girder 15. The size of the plate 1 is such that the length of the adjacent side is about 400 to 500 mm.

  Further, the end portion of the corner column 13 and the plate 1 are fixed by a reinforcing plate 2 having a quadrangular shape (a trapezoidal shape in which a part of an adjacent side and a hypotenuse of a right triangle is cut out in parallel with the corner column 13). In one joint portion, two reinforcing plates 2 are used, and the shape thereof is a quadrangular shape. The two adjacent sides are adjacent to the portion on the outer wall side from the center of one surface of the corner pillar 13 and the plate 1 respectively. Fixed at a point along the side. The size of the reinforcing material 2 is such that the length of one side is approximately half or more of the length of one side of the plate 1 and the length of the adjacent side is about 150 to 300 mm.

  In addition, the outer anti-rest material 3 is installed at a location corresponding to the outer wall surface of the end of the two adjacent beams 15 in the corner portion of the corner column 13. In this embodiment, no anti-resting material is installed at the joints on the two adjacent bases 12 side at the corners of the corner pillars 13, but it corresponds to the end outer wall surface of the base 12 from the viewpoint of improving the strength. It is also possible to install a bracing material at the place to be done. The brace 3 has a shape obtained by bending a rectangular long plate at a right angle, and the length of one side is about half the length of the adjacent side of the plate 1. As the plate 1, it is preferable to use a plate provided with an inner anti-vibration material 4 (FIG. 3) for fixing them at a predetermined position on the surface in contact with the base 12 or the girder 15.

  In this way, when the corner pillars 13 having the reinforcing members at both ends are completed, the corner pillars 13 are erected at the corners of the base 12 so that the reinforcing members such as the plate 1 and the reinforcing plate 2 can be used as shown in FIG. The joint part of the reinforced corner column 13 is completed. In the present embodiment, the joint portions of the corner pillars 13 reinforced as described above are installed at a total of eight locations, four at the four corners of the base 12 and four at the four corners of the girder 15.

  In this embodiment, by providing two square reinforcing plates 2 for one pentagonal plate 1 at the joint portion of the corner column 13, horizontal reinforcement and reinforcement against vertical shaking are provided. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of distortion. The plate 1 particularly contributes to the reinforcement of the corners of the floor group and the hut group, and the reinforcement plate 2 particularly contributes to the reinforcement of the braces (described later) that are tightly coupled to the base 12 and the girder 15, and the outer brace The material 3 and the inner anti-rest material 4 contribute particularly to preventing the base 12 and the girders 15 from being shaken or shaken.

Further, the stud 14 is provided with a fastening plate 16 between the base 12 and the girder 15 in advance on both end faces thereof. A reinforcing plate similar to the reinforcing plate 2 used for the corner column 13 is preferably fixed to the intermediate column 14 and the fastening plate 16 on both the left and right sides of the end portion of the intermediate column 14.
When the corner column 13 provided with the reinforcing member is erected on the base 12, it is fixed with the foundation 11, the base 12, and an anchor bolt. Further, when the stud 14 provided with the binding plate 16 and the reinforcing plate is erected on the base 12, it is fixed to the foundation 11 and the base 12 with anchor bolts.

  FIG. 8 shows the same state as the process of FIG. 7, but the upper side of FIG. 7 shows a schematic bottom sectional view, and the upper side of FIG. 8 shows a schematic plan view.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 9, four girders 15 are placed on the plurality of corner columns 13 and the inter-columns 14. At this time, the girders 15 are placed so as to follow the bracing material 4 on the plate 1 which is a reinforcing member joined to the corner column 13 and the bracing material 3 attached to the outside. Thereafter, the girder 15 is fixed to the corner column 13 and the inter-column 14 with screws and bolts. As the girder 15, a steel 75 mm × 75 mm square pipe is used.

  The two corner pillars 13 on the diagonal line when seen in a plan view cross and fix two steel horizontal braces 18 at the ends on the side of the spar 15. Similarly, two or more vertical braces 19 made of steel are always crossed and fixed to the corner column 13 and the intermediate column 14 in a plane space between the corner column 13 and the intermediate column 14. FIG. 9 shows the case of a wall having an opening, and the vertical brace 19 is not used in the opening in this case.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, in addition to placing four wooden girders so as to be parallel to the ceiling portion on the girders 15, a tree pedestal is installed at a position slightly higher than the base 12 inside the shelter, A control panel constituting the floor is placed thereon. The frame of the earthquake-resistant shelter of this embodiment can be formed by the method detailed above. As an example of the frame of an earthquake-resistant shelter, the one shown in FIG. 1 is cited. The earthquake-proof shelter according to the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is an example in which the column reinforcement link 17 is not used in the assembly process of the second embodiment to be described later.
In the present embodiment, steel 75 mm × 75 mm square pipes are used as materials for the base 12, the corner columns 13, the studs 14, the girders 15, etc., but the present invention is not limited to this, for example, A square pipe of 100 mm × 100 mm may be used.

  After forming the framework of the shelter of the present embodiment, the seismic shelter is completed by finishing the floor, wall, and ceiling using wood.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, an earthquake resistant shelter according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 10-19 is a figure corresponding to each figure in 1st Embodiment about the earthquake-proof shelter which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. In the drawings showing the second embodiment, the same members as those used in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for points specifically described in detail, and the description in the first embodiment is also applied to the second embodiment as appropriate.

  The process of assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment as shown in FIGS. 14 to 19, but the reinforcing member provided in the corner pillar 13 is different (see FIGS. 11 to 13). The plate 1 in the second embodiment has a substantially triangular shape, and has a shape in which both ends of the hypotenuse of the right triangle are cut out at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the base 12 or the girder 15. In addition, a triangular plate is used as the reinforcing plate 2 in the second embodiment. In addition, in this invention, the shape of the plate 1 and the reinforcement board 2 is not specifically limited, As long as the effect of this invention can be achieved, the thing of other polygonal shapes and the thing of other shapes are also included widely It is.

  Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, as shown in FIG.17 and FIG.18, between each adjacent corner pillar 13 and the interposition pillar 14, the column reinforcement connection 17 is inserted horizontally, and this is connected to the corner pillar 13 and the interposition pillar. Fasten with 14 screws and bolts. As the column reinforcement connection 17, a 75 mm × 75 mm square pipe made of steel is used. Also in the second embodiment, horizontal braces 18 and vertical braces 19 are used, and as shown in FIG. 19, two steel vertical braces 19 are crossed on a wall portion that does not have openings, and corners are formed. It fixes to the pillar 13 and the spacer 14. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, in addition to placing one iron girder and four wooden girders so as to be parallel to the center of the ceiling on the girder 15, the same as in the first embodiment, The framework of the seismic shelter according to the second embodiment can be formed (in FIG. 10, the column reinforcing link 17 is omitted).

Examples of the size of the target room in the existing building to which the earthquake-resistant shelter of the present invention is applied include 4 tatami mats, 6 tatami mats, and 8 tatami mats.
Even if an existing building, especially a wooden building, is shaken by an earthquake or the like, the earthquake-resistant shelter of the present invention does not shake the same way, and even if a wooden building falls, the earthquake-proof shelter does not fall the same way. This is because the foundation of the existing building and the foundation of the seismic shelter of the present invention are not joined.

  Most of the conventional shelters use heavy steel frames, but in the present invention, it is preferable to use lightweight steel because it can be easily assembled on site, but it is also possible to use a combination of lightweight steel and heavy steel.

  If the skeleton of the shelter is completed by assembling the steel frame, a wooden roof is further formed thereon, and the upper part is covered with a plywood having a thickness of 25 mm or more. Thereby, intrusion of rubble or the like from the upper side of the shelter can be prevented. Note that the upper covering is not limited to this, and a conventionally known covering can be appropriately selected and used.

  The present invention can be easily assembled using a metal material in a room in an existing building, and maintains its shape even if the building collapses during an earthquake without interfering with the building. The present invention has industrial applicability as a seismic shelter reinforcement method and a seismic shelter with high seismic strength.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the framework of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the schematic configuration of the seismic reinforcing portion in the seismic shelter of FIG. 1 as viewed from the inner side. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view seen from the plane side showing a schematic configuration of the seismic reinforcing portion in the seismic shelter of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing a schematic configuration in a state in which the seismic reinforcement portion of the seismic shelter of FIG. 1 is installed. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front sectional view showing one process for assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front sectional view showing one process for assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom cross-sectional view and a schematic front cross-sectional view showing one process for assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front sectional view showing a step of assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front cross-sectional view showing a step of assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter (having an opening on the front surface) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the framework of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the general structure of the seismic reinforcing portion in the seismic shelter of FIG. 10 viewed from the inner side. FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view seen from the plane side showing a schematic configuration of the seismic reinforcing portion in the seismic shelter of FIG. 10. FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view showing a schematic configuration in a state where the seismic reinforcement part of the seismic shelter of FIG. 10 is installed. FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front sectional view showing a step of assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front sectional view showing one process for assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a schematic bottom cross-sectional view and a schematic front cross-sectional view showing one process for assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front sectional view showing one process for assembling the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view and a schematic front cross-sectional view showing a step of assembling an earthquake-resistant shelter (having an opening on the front surface) according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view and a schematic right side cross-sectional view showing one process for assembling an earthquake-resistant shelter (without a right side wall opening) according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plate 2 ... Reinforcement plate 3 ... (Outer side) Antiskid material 4 ... (Inner side) Antiskid material 11 ... Base 12 ... Base 13 ... Corner pillar 14 ...・ Intermediate column 15 ... girder 16 ... intermediate column fastening plate 17 ... column reinforcement connection 18 ... horizontal brace 19 ... vertical brace

Claims (3)

A method of reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter in which a base constituting a floor assembly, a column constituting a shaft assembly, and a girder constituting a hut assembly are each installed in a room of an existing building as a frame made of a plurality of lightweight steel frames ,
In order not to interfere with the foundation of the room of the existing building, the foundation of the earthquake resistant shelter is not fixed to the foundation of the room, and installed so as not to move with the weight of the earthquake resistant shelter itself after formation,
A plate is inserted on a horizontal plane between an end surface of a corner column located at a corner of the column and an end of the base or the beam, and the end of the corner column and the base are interposed with the plate interposed therebetween. Alternatively, the end of the spar is fixed on a vertical surface with a reinforcing plate ,
The plate is provided with an outer anti-rest material for fixing the foundation or the girder at a position corresponding to the two adjacent foundations or the outer wall surface of the end of the girder at the corner of the corner column. In addition, a method for reinforcing an earthquake-resistant shelter characterized by providing an inner anti-rest material for fixing them at a predetermined location on a surface in contact with the two adjacent foundations or girders . It is an earthquake-resistant shelter that installs a foundation that constitutes a floor assembly, a pillar that constitutes a shaft assembly, and a girder that constitutes a cabin assembly in a room of an existing building as a framework composed of a plurality of lightweight steel frames ,
The seismic shelter foundation is not fixed to the room foundation so as not to interfere with the room foundation of the existing building, and installed so as not to move with the weight of the seismic shelter itself,
A plate inserted on a horizontal plane between an end surface of a corner column located at a corner of the column and an end of the base or the girder, and an end of the corner column with the plate interposed therebetween A corner pillar joint portion comprising a base plate or a reinforcing plate fixed on the vertical surface to the end of the beam , and
The plate is provided with an outer anti-rest material for fixing the foundation or the girder at a location corresponding to the two adjacent foundations or the outer wall surface of the end of the girder at the corner of the corner column. An earthquake-resistant shelter, comprising an inner anti-restoration material for fixing them at a predetermined position on a surface in contact with two adjacent foundations or girders . The seismic shelter according to claim 2 , comprising four corner corner pillars and a spacer pillar positioned between the corner pillars as pillars constituting the shaft set.