JP5073119B1 - Roof structure of earthquake-proof escape room - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roof structure of an earthquake-proof evacuation room that can withstand the impact of falling heavy objects such as concrete fragments and can be constructed in a short time at a low cost.
SOLUTION: Two opposite sides support a rectangular roof plate 2 that is curved or bent in a middle-high shape in a vertical plane, and supports the roof plate 2 on an upper edge portion, and a lower edge portion of the earthquake-proof escape chamber A plurality of partition plates 14 supported on the ceiling beam 9 and a ceiling panel 15 for closing between the lower edges of the adjacent partition plates 14 are provided. Each space surrounded by the roof plate 2, the ceiling panel 15 and the partition plates 14 on both sides is filled with a mass increasing material 16 such as a non-shrink mortar, and the impact of the falling object at the occurrence of the earthquake is increased. Absorbs with a large mass of 16.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof structure of an earthquake-proof evacuation room that is installed inside a building and evacuates in the event of an earthquake, and in particular, for a reinforced concrete or brick building that has been used for many years, such as factories and libraries. The present invention relates to a roof structure suitable for an earthquake-proof escape room installed inside.

  In recent years, the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake caused by the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake that occurred on January 17, 1995, and the Great East Japan Earthquake caused by the 2011 Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 A major disaster has occurred due to an earthquake.

  The majority of high-rise buildings and other buildings that are currently being built have earthquake-resistant structures and seismic isolation structures that assume such a huge earthquake. Earthquake countermeasures are being taken by adding

  On the other hand, proposals have been made to install earthquake-proof evacuation rooms and earthquake shelters in existing buildings, and to evacuate into them when an earthquake occurs. For example, in the indoor shelter for earthquake resistance described in Patent Document 1, a fire-resistant exterior material is attached to the periphery, a floor frame integrated with a steel frame, and a fire-resistant wall material is attached to the entire periphery excluding the entrance / exit. The room frame is integrated with the steel frame, and the ceiling frame is integrated with the steel frame.

  The ceiling frame of the indoor shelter is supported by a shock absorbing lifting rod that is urged by a compression spring or the like at the upper end of the support of the room frame, and falls on the ceiling frame when an earthquake occurs. The structure has a structure capable of buffering an impact when an object collides, and the ceiling frame is provided with a blade for crushing a fallen object along the ridge.

  In addition, this indoor shelter is intended to be used in a room such as a wooden house, and because a wooden house is prone to fire in the event of an earthquake, fireproof roofing materials such as duralumin plates and fireproof wall materials Is used.

Japanese Patent No. 2750682

  By the way, concrete and brick buildings such as factories, public libraries, and gymnasiums that have passed the age of construction do not have an earthquake-resistant structure that can withstand the huge earthquakes that have occurred in recent years. Reinforcement is also extremely difficult in many technical and cost aspects.

  When such an old building is damaged when a huge earthquake occurs, it is expected that a heavy object such as a concrete piece will fall on the floor of the building, resulting in a very dangerous situation. Therefore, it is conceivable to install an earthquake-proof evacuation room or earthquake shelter as described above in a building and evacuate into it when an earthquake occurs.

  Many of the earthquake-proof evacuation rooms or earthquake shelters that have been proposed and used in existing buildings are installed in a room such as a wooden house as described in Patent Document 1 described above. It is assumed that

  However, when a building such as concrete is damaged, the weight of the fallen object is large, and in the roof structure such as that described in Patent Document 1 described above, there is a possibility that the fallen object will be destroyed by the collision of the fallen object.

  Therefore, the present invention eliminates the problems in the prior art as described above, and is capable of withstanding the impact of falling heavy objects such as concrete debris, and is capable of building a roof structure for an earthquake-proof evacuation chamber that can be constructed in a short time at a low cost. The purpose is to provide.

  The roof structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber according to the present invention provided for the above-mentioned purpose is a roof structure of an earthquake-proof evacuation chamber having a steel structure, and two opposite sides are curved or bent in a medium-to-high shape in a vertical plane. A rectangular roof plate and the roof plate are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the vertical surface at intervals below each other so as to be parallel to the vertical surface below the roof plate, and the upper edge of the roof plate. A plurality of partition plates whose lower edge portions are supported on the ceiling beam of the seismic refuge chamber, and a ceiling panel that covers between the lower edge portions of the adjacent partition plates, the roof plate and the ceiling panel And each space enclosed by the partition board of both sides is filled with the mass increasing material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the roof structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber of the present invention, the ceiling panel and the partition plate are composed of a plurality of divided units assembled together, and each divided unit is integrally coupled with a fastening member, and each divided unit However, it is desirable to be fixed to the ceiling beam of the earthquake-proof escape room with a fastening member.

  Further, in the roof structure of the earthquake-proof escape room of the present invention, non-shrink mortar is used as the mass increasing material, and in each space surrounded by the roof plate, the ceiling panel, and the partition plates on both sides, It is also desirable to incorporate reinforcing bars that reinforce the non-shrink mortar.

  According to the roof structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber according to the first aspect of the present invention, a structure in which a mass increasing material is filled in each space surrounded by the adjacent partition plate, roof plate, and ceiling panel. When an earthquake occurs, the building where the earthquake-proof evacuation room is installed is damaged and heavy concrete fragments fall on the roof plate of the earthquake-proof evacuation room. Since the excessive impact force to be absorbed is absorbed by the large mass of the mass increasing material, it is possible to avoid the destruction and deformation of the roof plate due to the falling objects.

  According to the roof structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber according to the invention described in claim 2, since the division unit can be manufactured in a factory where the work environment is set up compared to the installation site of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber, The processing and assembly accuracy of the partition plate and ceiling panel can be improved, and the quality and durability of the earthquake-proof escape room can be improved.

  In addition, all ceiling panels and bulkheads used in the earthquake-proof evacuation room can be divided into multiple divided units and carried into the building where the earthquake-proof evacuation room is installed, making it easy even when the entrance to the building is narrow Can be carried in.

  In addition, each split unit is integrally connected with fastening members such as bolts and nuts, and each split unit is fixed to the ceiling beam of the earthquake-proof escape room with a fastening member. The operation of assembling to the ceiling beam of the room can be performed easily and in a short time.

  According to the roof structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber according to the invention described in claim 3, when an earthquake occurs, a fallen object or a surrounding collapsed object remains on the roof plate and is reinforced with a reinforcing bar. The non-shrinkable mortar not only absorbs the impact force that acts on the roofing board instantaneously, but also supports the weight of these falling and collapsing objects that act continuously. Can be prevented.

It is a perspective view of an earthquake-proof escape room in one embodiment of the present invention. It is an internal structure figure seen from the front side of the earthquake-proof escape room in one embodiment of the present invention. It is the internal structure figure seen from the right side of the earthquake-proof escape room in one embodiment of the present invention. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the upper structure of the earthquake-proof escape chamber in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of a partition plate. It is sectional drawing of a partition plate. It is an enlarged view of the a part of FIG. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the shape of a roof steel plate. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the state which installed the partition board on the ceiling beam of an earthquake-proof escape room. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the state which attached the ceiling panel on the ceiling beam of an earthquake-proof escape room. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the state which attached the roof board to the partition board. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the process of filling a non-shrink mortar inside a roof board. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows embodiment which incorporated the reinforcing bar in the non-shrink mortar. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the upper structure of the earthquake-proof escape chamber in another embodiment of this invention. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a division | segmentation unit.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an earthquake-proof evacuation room having a roof structure according to the present invention. The earthquake-proof evacuation room 1 shown in FIG. 1 is installed on a floor surface in a reinforced concrete factory building. It is intended to protect workers in the factory at the time of occurrence from heavy objects such as concrete debris falling due to building damage.

  The earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 has a frame of a robust steel frame assembly structure, and includes a rectangular roof plate 2 whose two opposite sides are gently curved in a middle-to-high shape in a vertical plane. In the present embodiment, the roof plate 2 is configured by arranging a plurality of rectangular roof steel plates 2A.

In addition, an opening 3 serving as an entrance is provided in the center of the front surface of the earthquake-proof escape room 1.
The earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 is further provided with an opening similar to the opening 3 in the center of the back surface. In the following description, the direction of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 is the front side and the back side is the rear.

  Moreover, the both sides of the opening part 3 of the front and back of the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 and the left and right sides are covered with wall plates 4 and 5 using corrugated steel plates, respectively. Furthermore, the floor surface inside the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 is constituted by a floor plate steel plate 6 having a non-slip pattern on the surface.

  Although not provided in the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 shown in FIG. 1, the interior of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 is a standing seat that is provided in the train car to prevent a fall due to shaking when an earthquake occurs. It is desirable to install one or more gripping bars.

  FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram viewed from the front side of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1, and FIG. 3 is an internal structure diagram viewed from the right side surface. In these drawings, the wall plate 4 shown in FIG. 5 and the floor plate steel plate 6 are not shown. FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing the upper structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1, in which the illustration of the roof plate 2 and the wall plates 4 and 5 is omitted.

  As shown in these figures, the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 has a steel frame base frame 7, a column 8, a ceiling beam 9, etc., which are framed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and welded together to be assembled together. The above-mentioned floor plate steel plate 6 (see FIG. 1) is fixed to the upper surface of a plurality of steel joists 10 (see FIG. 2) attached to the base frame 7.

  In addition, the lower part of the base frame 7 is fixed to the concrete floor F in the factory building using chemical anchors, and it is necessary to change the layout in the factory after installing the seismic refuge room 1 The installation location can be changed.

  Moreover, each support | pillar 8 of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 is formed by the thick square steel pipe, and in this embodiment, one each at the four corners of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 is provided on the front side and the back side. A total of ten are arranged, one on each side of each opening and one on each of the left and right sides.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the columns 8 arranged at the four corners of the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 and the columns 8 adjacent to the left side when viewed from the inside of each side of the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 The space is connected via a connecting beam 11 and a brace 12 to increase the rigidity and strength of the entire earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1.

  Further, except for the positions of the openings 3 provided in the front and back of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1, between the adjacent columns 8, both ends are connected to the base frame 7 and the ceiling beam 9, respectively. 1 are arranged, and the inner side of the wall plate 4 and wall plate 5 shown in FIG.

  The ceiling beam 9 has a rectangular frame shape in plan view by a pair of front and rear vertical beams 9A, and a pair of left and right horizontal beams 9B connected to both ends of the vertical beams 9A via pillars 8 at the corners. It is configured.

  In the present embodiment, each of the vertical beam 9A and the horizontal beam 9B is composed of a plurality of parts divided across the upper end part of the support column 8 in the longitudinal direction. It is welded to the upper end portion of the support column 8 and is integrally coupled via the support column 8.

  Between the pair of transverse beams 9B, two transverse beams 9C are provided in parallel with these. The vertical beam 9A and the horizontal beams 9B and 9C are formed of H-shaped steel having the same cross-sectional shape, and both ends of each horizontal beam 9C are welded to the upper ends of the columns 8 and the vertical beams 9A are passed through these columns 8. And united together.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, auxiliary beams 9D are provided between the cross beams 9B and 9C and between the cross beams 9C so as to be parallel to the cross beams 9B and 9C. . These auxiliary beams 9D are made of H-shaped steel having a smaller size than the vertical beams 9A and the horizontal beams 9B and 9C, and the vertical beams 9A and the horizontal beams 9B and 9C are aligned with the height of the upper surface so that both ends are aligned. They are welded to the side surfaces of the vertical beams 9A that face each other.

  A steel partition plate 14 is erected on the upper surfaces of the horizontal beams 9B and 9C and the auxiliary beam 9D. As shown in FIG. 5, these partition plates 14 have an arcuate upper edge portion 14 </ b> A and a linear lower edge portion 4 </ b> B. In addition, the outline of 14 A of upper edge parts is made into the shape suitable for the curved shape of the roof board 2 shown in FIG.

  These partition plates 14 are manufactured by integrating the upper edge portion 14A separately from the remaining portion including the lower edge portion 14B and welding them together, and as shown in FIG. By forming a T-shaped cross section projecting on both sides, the rigidity and strength of the partition plate 14 are enhanced.

  Next, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of part a in FIG. 2. As shown in this enlarged view, the lower edge portion 14B of the partition plate 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the transverse beam 9C by welding. Although not shown in detail, the lower edge portion 14B of the partition plate 14 is similarly fixed to the horizontal beam 9B and the auxiliary beam 9D.

  Further, the edges of the roof steel plates 2A on the left and right sides are welded to the upper surface of the upper edge 14A of the partition plate 14, respectively. In addition, the upper edge portion 14A of the partition plate 14 that is erected on the horizontal beam 9B that is disposed at each of the left and right ends of the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 has a single roof located at the end over the entire width. The edge of the steel plate 2A is overlapped and welded.

  Between the lower edge portions 14B of the adjacent partition plates 14, a ceiling panel 15 formed of an elongated rectangular steel plate is disposed. The edges of the long sides on both sides of each ceiling panel 15 are welded and fixed to the upper surfaces of the horizontal beam 9B and the auxiliary beam 9D, or the horizontal beam 9C and the auxiliary beam 9D, respectively. The space between the edges 14B is closed by the ceiling panel 15.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the short sides on both sides of the ceiling panel 15 are welded to both the upper surfaces of the pair of vertical beams 9A and the short sides on both sides of the roof steel plate 2A. The space surrounded by the roof steel plate 2A, the ceiling panel 15, and the partition plates 14 on both sides is filled with a non-shrink mortar 16 as a mass increasing material.

  As shown in FIG. 9, each roof steel plate 2 </ b> A has a square filling hole 2 </ b> B formed in the center portion, and the non-shrink mortar 16 is filled into the space from the filling hole 2 </ b> B. The filling hole 2B is sealed by welding a steel plate lid plate 2C to the roof steel plate 2A as shown in FIG.

  When constructing the roof portion of the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 described above, first, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 10, the horizontal beam 9B of the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 in which the assembly of the lower portion including the ceiling beam 9 has been completed. The partition plate 14 is welded to the upper surfaces of 9C and the auxiliary beam 9D at the lower edge portion 14B and fixed vertically.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a ceiling panel 15 is arranged between the partition plates 14, and the edges of the four sides of each ceiling panel 15 are paired with a pair of vertical beams 9 </ b> A constituting the ceiling beam 9. And welding to the upper surfaces of the horizontal beams 9B and 9C and the auxiliary beam 9D. Thus, after the upper surface of the ceiling beam 9 is closed by the ceiling panel 15, as shown in FIG. 12, the roof steel plate 2A is arranged on the upper surface of the upper edge portion 14A of each partition plate 14 and fixed by welding.

  In addition, in the thing of this embodiment, although it comprises from the some roof steel plate 2A each fixed between the adjacent partition boards 14, the roof board 2 is not limited to this, For example, one sheet A roof plate made of a steel plate may be used to weld and fix the lower surface of the roof plate to the upper edge portion 14A of each partition plate 14.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the two opposite sides of the roof plate 2 have a shape that is curved in a middle-high shape in the vertical plane, but instead, the center portion has a shape bent in a mountain shape, Moreover, the upper edge part of a partition board is good also as a shape which adapts to the shape of a roof board.

  Further, here, the non-shrink mortar 16 is used as the mass increasing material, but the mass increasing material is not limited to this. For example, the mass increasing material is relatively heavy like sand and has fluidity during filling. In addition, any material may be used as long as it does not easily change its volume over time after filling.

  Next, FIG. 14 shows an example in which a part of the above-described embodiment is modified. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the reinforcing bars 17 assembled in a lattice form vertically and horizontally inside the non-shrink mortar 16. Is buried.

  When the installation of the ceiling panel 15 is completed as shown in FIG. 11, the reinforcing bars 17 are arranged between the partition walls 14, and after the roof steel plate 2 </ b> A is attached, the non-shrinking mortar is filled. The non-shrink mortar is solidified with 17 embedded therein.

  Next, FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the upper structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. In the evacuation chamber 1 ′, the ceiling beam 9 ′ has a pair of vertical beams 9A as in the case of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1, and a vertical beam 9′A is further arranged between the vertical beams 9A. Has been.

  The vertical beam 9'A has the same cross-sectional shape and size as the two vertical beams 9A on both sides. In these drawings, the horizontal beams 9B and 9C, the auxiliary beams 9D, the support columns 8 and the like using the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 2 and 3 have the same configuration as that used in the earthquake-proof escape chamber 1 described above. is there.

  In the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 ′ in the present embodiment, the partition plates 14′a to 14′e and the ceiling panel 15 ′ arranged on the ceiling beam 9 ′ are preliminarily formed as divided units 18 as shown in FIG. The assembled structure is carried into the installation site of the earthquake-proof evacuation chamber 1 ′ and attached to the ceiling frame 9 ′ with fastening members 19 such as bolts and nuts.

  The dividing unit 18 is manufactured for each part by dividing the whole 14'a to 14'e and the ceiling panel 15 'provided on the ceiling beam 9' into four parts, front, rear, left and right. It is a set of four types with different orientations.

  The division unit 18 in FIG. 17 shows one of four types, and the remaining three are respectively symmetrical with the division unit 18 in FIG. Both have a symmetrical structure.

  The dividing unit 18 includes a partition plate 14′a, partition plates 14′b, 14′c, 14′d, and 14′e welded so as to be orthogonal to the side surface on one side thereof, and these partition plates 14 ′. Each of a to 14'e is composed of a rectangular ceiling panel 15 'whose peripheral edge is welded to a wide lower edge.

  The set of four division units 18 is symmetric with respect to the vertical division plane P1 shown in FIG. 16 and symmetrical with respect to the vertical division plane P2 shown in FIG. 'Installed on top.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 16, the lower edge portion of the partition plate 14′a of each divided unit 18 is connected to the vertical beam 9′A disposed at the center of the ceiling beam 9 ′ with a plurality of fastening members. It is fixed at 19. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the lower edge portions of the partition plate 14′b and the partition plate 14′d are the auxiliary beams 9D of the ceiling beam 9 ′, and the partition plate 14′c and the partition plate 14 are respectively. The lower edge portion of 'e is fixed to the cross beam 9C and the cross beam 9B by a plurality of fastening members 19, respectively.

  Further, the partition plates 14 ′ a and the partition plates 14 ′ b of the split units 18 that are adjacent to each other on the split surfaces P <b> 1 and P <b> 2 are integrally coupled by a plurality of fastening members 20. In this embodiment, high-tension bolts and nuts are used for the fastening members 19 and 20.

  When the split unit 18 is manufactured, a bolt hole is formed in the lower edge portion of the partition plates 14'a to 14'e, and then bolts are inserted from above to be welded. When assembling each divided unit 18 on the ceiling beam 9 ′ at the installation site of the chamber 1 ′, these partition plates 14′a to 14 ′ are inserted into bolt holes (not shown) formed on the ceiling beam 9 ′ side. The bolt projecting downward from e can be dropped and positioned easily, and the working efficiency can be improved.

  Further, in this embodiment, as described above, after connecting the divided units 18 and fixing them on the ceiling beam 9 ′, the peripheral edge portion of the roof steel plate 2′A constituting the roof plate 2 ′, A plurality of screws are fixed to the upper surfaces of the upper edge portions of the partition plates 14′b to 14′e with a plurality of screws at appropriate intervals.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 17, each roof steel plate 2′A has a filling port 2′B near the partition plate 14′a, and the roof steel plate 2′A is screwed into the divided unit 18 with screws. After the mounting, the non-shrink mortar 16 as the mass increasing material is filled into the space inside the filling port 2′B, and the lid 2′C is welded and sealed. In addition, you may embed a reinforcing bar in the non-shrink mortar 16 like the embodiment shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the partition plates 14′a to 14′e and the ceiling panel 15 ′ provided on the ceiling beam 9 ′ are divided into four divided units 18 by vertical and horizontal divided surfaces P1 and P2. Although it divides | segments, it is possible to change suitably the number of division | segmentation and the position of a division surface according to the magnitude | size and shape of an earthquake-proof refuge room.

  The roof structure of the earthquake-proof evacuation room of the present invention is a roof structure of an earthquake-proof evacuation room installed in public buildings such as concrete and brick factories and libraries, public halls, gymnasiums, etc. It can be used particularly effectively.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'earthquake-proof refuge room 2, 2' roof board 2A, 2'A roof steel plate 2B, 2'B Filling port 2C, 2'C Cover body 3 Opening part 4, 5 Wall board 6 Floor board steel plate 7 Base frame 8 Post 9, 9 'Ceiling beam 9A, 9'A Vertical beam 9B, 9C Horizontal beam 9D Auxiliary beam 10 joist 11 Connecting beam 12 Brace 13 Vertical beam 14, 14'a, 14'b, 14'c, 14'd, 14' e Partition plate 14A Upper edge 14B Lower edge 15, 15 'Ceiling panel 16 Non-shrink mortar (mass increasing material)
17 Reinforcing bars 18 Dividing units 19, 20 Fastening members P1, P2 Dividing surface F Floor surface

Claims (3)

It is a roof structure of an earthquake-proof escape room with a steel structure
A rectangular roof plate having two opposite sides curved or bent in a medium-to-high shape in a vertical plane;
The roof plate is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the vertical surface with a space between each other so as to be parallel to the vertical surface below the roof plate, and supports the roof plate on the upper edge, and the lower edge A plurality of partition plates supported on the ceiling beam of the seismic refuge room,
A ceiling panel that closes between the lower edges of adjacent bulkhead plates,
A roof structure of an earthquake-proof evacuation chamber, characterized in that each space surrounded by the roof plate, ceiling panel, and partition plates on both sides is filled with a mass increasing material.   The ceiling panel and the bulkhead plate are composed of a plurality of divided units assembled together, and each divided unit is integrally coupled with a fastening member, and each divided unit is secured to the ceiling beam of the earthquake-proof escape room with a fastening member. The roof structure of the earthquake-proof refuge room according to claim 1, wherein the roof structure is fixed.   Non-shrinking mortar is used as the mass increasing material, and reinforcing bars that reinforce the non-shrinking mortar are incorporated in the spaces surrounded by the roof plate, the ceiling panel, and the partition plates on both sides. The roof structure of the earthquake-proof refuge room according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above.

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