JP6509307B2 - α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 - Google Patents
α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6509307B2 JP6509307B2 JP2017224363A JP2017224363A JP6509307B2 JP 6509307 B2 JP6509307 B2 JP 6509307B2 JP 2017224363 A JP2017224363 A JP 2017224363A JP 2017224363 A JP2017224363 A JP 2017224363A JP 6509307 B2 JP6509307 B2 JP 6509307B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- alpha
- compound
- receptor
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 210000003289 regulatory T cell Anatomy 0.000 title description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 102000030484 alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor Human genes 0.000 title description 9
- 108020004101 alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor Proteins 0.000 title description 9
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000000048 adrenergic agonist Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229940126157 adrenergic receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 85
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000009329 Graft vs Host Disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000024908 graft versus host disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 49
- -1 cyano , Hydroxy Chemical group 0.000 description 47
- 239000000018 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 46
- 229940044601 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 46
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 36
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 32
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 32
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 29
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 25
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- 102100036011 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Human genes 0.000 description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 21
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 20
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 20
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 101001057504 Homo sapiens Interferon-stimulated gene 20 kDa protein Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 101001055144 Homo sapiens Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 102100026878 Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 13
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 13
- 201000002491 encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 208000004454 Hyperalgesia Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 10
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 9
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 9
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 208000003556 Dry Eye Syndromes Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 206010053552 allodynia Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- XYLJNLCSTIOKRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alphagan Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC=CN=C2C(Br)=C1NC1=NCCN1 XYLJNLCSTIOKRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229960003679 brimonidine Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000008641 drought stress Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000016202 Proteolipids Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010010974 Proteolipids Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 210000001742 aqueous humor Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 201000004982 autoimmune uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002865 immune cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000004969 inflammatory cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 208000016192 Demyelinating disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010012305 Demyelination Diseases 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010046851 Uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 5
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000001032 spinal nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000032467 Aplastic anaemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000032116 Autoimmune Experimental Encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010013774 Dry eye Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000035895 Guillain-Barré syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010049567 Miller Fisher syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 102000006386 Myelin Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010083674 Myelin Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 206010029240 Neuritis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000005038 alkynylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012131 assay buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000012997 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000001943 fluorescence-activated cell sorting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002443 helper t lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 208000010726 hind limb paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001165 lymph node Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000019034 Chemokines Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010012236 Chemokines Proteins 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 108010081690 Pertussis Toxin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-LFZNUXCKSA-N Tacrolimus Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC)C[C@@H]1\C=C(/C)[C@@H]1[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)CC(=O)[C@H](CC=C)/C=C(C)/C[C@H](C)C[C@H](OC)[C@H]([C@H](C[C@H]2C)OC)O[C@@]2(O)C(=O)C(=O)N2CCCC[C@H]2C(=O)O1 QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-LFZNUXCKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000534944 Thia Species 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004659 aryl alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000795 conjunctiva Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001151 cytotoxic T lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 3
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002175 goblet cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004475 heteroaralkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000005012 myelin Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000440 neutrophil Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003827 upregulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZHVBANLECCAGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-(octadecanoyloxy)propyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IZHVBANLECCAGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100026189 Beta-galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gabapentin Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1(CN)CCCCC1 UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091006068 Gq proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000052606 Gq-G11 GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits Human genes 0.000 description 2
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQFRJNBWHJMXHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N IDUR Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(I)=C1 XQFRJNBWHJMXHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000699660 Mus musculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000002233 Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000123 Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011529 RT qPCR Methods 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091008874 T cell receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000016266 T-Cell Antigen Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 210000000662 T-lymphocyte subset Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 102000004887 Transforming Growth Factor beta Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001012 Transforming Growth Factor beta Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000735 allogeneic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000004305 alpha Adrenergic Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000861 alpha Adrenergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003435 aroyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 108010005774 beta-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006727 cell loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004415 heterocyclylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- RCCPEORTSYDPMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy benzenecarboximidothioate Chemical compound OSC(=N)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCCPEORTSYDPMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229960004716 idoxuridine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011694 lewis rat Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 210000000274 microglia Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011580 nude mouse model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005259 peripheral blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011886 peripheral blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZRKFYGHZFMAOKI-QMGMOQQFSA-N tgfbeta Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCSC)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZRKFYGHZFMAOKI-QMGMOQQFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N (3s)-4-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005940 1,4-dioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001088 1-naphthoyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- OYJGEOAXBALSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound C1NC=CS1 OYJGEOAXBALSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- KUWPCJHYPSUOFW-YBXAARCKSA-N 2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O KUWPCJHYPSUOFW-YBXAARCKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004364 3-pyrrolinyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108060003345 Adrenergic Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000017910 Adrenergic receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VLXFJHXEALADSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1c([s]cc2)c2OCC1)c1c[nH]cn1 Chemical compound C(C1c([s]cc2)c2OCC1)c1c[nH]cn1 VLXFJHXEALADSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 CC(Nc1cc(OCCC2CC3=C**C=N3)c2[s]1)=O Chemical compound CC(Nc1cc(OCCC2CC3=C**C=N3)c2[s]1)=O 0.000 description 1
- YLVCLNWZEOFHHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC1=CC(Cc2c[nH]cn2)CCC1 Chemical compound CCC1=CC(Cc2c[nH]cn2)CCC1 YLVCLNWZEOFHHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001239 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000014914 Carrier Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930105110 Cyclosporin A Natural products 0.000 description 1
- PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N Cyclosporin A Chemical compound CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C)C\C=C\C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C1=O PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010036949 Cyclosporine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091006027 G proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000030782 GTP binding Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091000058 GTP-Binding Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010017577 Gait disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000998146 Homo sapiens Interleukin-17A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000738771 Homo sapiens Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000013691 Interleukin-17 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050003558 Interleukin-17 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100033461 Interleukin-17A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010032774 Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007351 Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010022941 Iridocyclitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoflurane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000009319 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010013709 Leukocyte Common Antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000017095 Leukocyte Common Antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000016285 Movement disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100037422 Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000021386 Sjogren Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010090804 Streptavidin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000006044 T cell activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD107823 Natural products O1C2COP(O)(=O)OC2C(O)C1N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013061 administrable dose form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005213 alkyl heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical group C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000004612 anterior uveitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000612 antigen-presenting cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007860 aryl ester derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006472 autoimmune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005784 autoimmunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003376 axonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005334 azaindolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940064804 betadine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108091008324 binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004970 cd4 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002659 cell therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003593 chromogenic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001265 ciclosporin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000030944 contact inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940095074 cyclic amp Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003493 decenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003210 demyelinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004852 dihydrofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005047 dihydroimidazolyl group Chemical group N1(CNC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005049 dihydrooxadiazolyl group Chemical group O1N(NC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005050 dihydrooxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(NC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005057 dihydrothienyl group Chemical group S1C(CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005072 dihydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001516 effect on protein Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004705 ethylthio group Chemical group C(C)S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013613 expression plasmid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012737 fresh medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003838 furazanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002870 gabapentin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940074045 glyceryl distearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004447 heteroarylalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005312 heteroarylalkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005143 heteroarylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005368 heteroarylthio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012203 high throughput assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010084652 homeobox protein PITX1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003284 homeostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013632 homeostatic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005945 imidazopyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000016784 immunoglobulin production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004957 immunoregulator effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001506 immunosuppresive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003444 immunosuppressant agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001861 immunosuppressant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003018 immunosuppressive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000002551 irritable bowel syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960002725 isoflurane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000004561 lacrimal apparatus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002690 local anesthesia Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001926 lymphatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005210 lymphoid organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- LVWZTYCIRDMTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N metamizole Chemical compound O=C1C(N(CS(O)(=O)=O)C)=C(C)N(C)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 LVWZTYCIRDMTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 description 1
- 210000005087 mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010172 mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004370 n-butenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(/[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005029 naphthylthio group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)S* 0.000 description 1
- 210000000822 natural killer cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006574 non-aromatic ring group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005968 oxazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003285 pharmacodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006678 phenoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N phosphamidon Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001844 prenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009696 proliferative response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001325 propanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003180 prostaglandins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002731 protein assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005344 pyridylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C(=N1)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006085 pyrrolopyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011552 rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002694 regional anesthesia Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002207 retinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004499 scopolamine hydrobromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WTGQALLALWYDJH-MOUKNHLCSA-N scopolamine hydrobromide (anhydrous) Chemical compound Br.C1([C@@H](CO)C(=O)O[C@H]2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 WTGQALLALWYDJH-MOUKNHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004989 spleen cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003507 tetrahydrothiofenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001984 thiazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004588 thienopyridyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=N2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002992 thymic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011534 wash buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004885 white matter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/17—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having the group >N—C(O)—N< or >N—C(S)—N<, e.g. urea, thiourea, carmustine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4168—1,3-Diazoles having a nitrogen attached in position 2, e.g. clonidine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
- A61K31/421—1,3-Oxazoles, e.g. pemoline, trimethadione
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/04—Antipruritics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/04—Artificial tears; Irrigation solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/06—Antianaemics
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2010年8月16日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/374,124号の利益を主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
RおよびR1は、独立して、ハロゲンまたはアルキルであり、
R2は、Hであるか、あるいは非置換またはヘテロアリールもしくはアリールで置換されてもよいアルキルであり、
Hetは、イミダゾリニルおよびオキサゾリニルからなる群から選択される、ヘテロシクリル基である。
RおよびR1は、独立して、ハロゲンまたはメチルであり、
R2アルキルは、ピリジルであるヘテロアリールで置換されたメチルである。
α−2受容体作動薬は、α−2アドレナリン受容体を活性化させるような化合物である。この受容体には、A、B、およびCと示される3つのサブタイプが存在する。化合物は、α−2Bアドレナリン受容体において、ブリモニジンに対して25%を超える有効性を有する場合、「α−2B受容体作動薬」であり、化合物は、α−2Cアドレナリン受容体において、ブリモニジンに対して25%を超える有効性を有する場合、「α−2C受容体作動薬」であり、化合物は、α−2Bおよびα−2Cアドレナリン受容体の両方において、ブリモニジンに対して25%を超える有効性を有する場合、「α−2B/2C受容体作動薬」である。定義は、相互に排他的ではなく、α−2B受容体作動薬である化合物は、α−2B/2C受容体作動薬でもあってもよく、α−2C受容体作動薬である化合物はまた、α−2B/2C受容体作動薬であってもよい。
「ヘテロシクリル」とは、約3個〜約10個の環原子、好ましくは約5個〜約10個の環原子を含み、環系の原子の1つ以上が、炭素以外の元素、例えば、窒素、酸素、または硫黄の、単独または組み合わせである、非芳香族の飽和単環式または多環式の環系を意味する。この環系には、隣接する酸素および/または硫黄原子は存在しない。好ましいヘテロシクリルは、約5個〜約6個の環原子を含む。ヘテロシクリル語幹名の前の接頭辞アザ、オキサ、またはチアは、少なくとも窒素、酸素、または硫黄原子が、それぞれ、環原子として存在することを意味する。ヘテロシクリル環中のいずれのNHも、例えば、−N(Boc)、−N(CBz)、−N(Tos)基等として保護されて存在することができ、このような保護はまた、本発明の一部であると考えられる。ヘテロシクリルは、任意で、同じかまたは異なってもよい、本明細書に定義されるような、1つ以上の「環系置換基」によって置換されてもよい。ヘテロシクリルの窒素または硫黄原子は、任意で、対応するN−オキシド、S−オキシド、またはS,S−ジオキシドに酸化されてもよい。好適な単環式ヘテロシクリル環の非限定的な例には、ピペリジル、ピロリジニル、ピペラジニル、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニル、チアゾリジニル、1,4−ジオキサニル、テトラヒドロフラニル、テトラヒドロチオフェニル、ラクタム、ラクトン等が挙げられる。「ヘテロシクリル」は、また、式中、=Oが、同じ環炭素原子上で、2つの利用可能な水素を置換する、上に定義されるようなヘテロシクリル環を含む。このような部分の例は、ピロリドン
α−2受容体作動薬は、それらの薬学的に許容される塩として使用可能である。
本発明の組成物または方法において、任意のα−2受容体作動薬のプロドラッグを使用することができる。
本発明の組成物および方法において、α−2受容体作動薬の鏡像異性体、立体異性体、または他の異性体を使用することができる。さらに、本発明の組成物および方法において、ラセミ混合物または1つもしくは両方のラセミ体を、任意の比率で使用することができる。
投与の正確な用量および頻度は、患者の病状の重症度および性質、投与の形態、採用される具体的な化合物の効能および薬力学、ならびに処方医師の判断に依存する。用量を判定することは、十分に当業者の能力の範囲内である日常的な事柄である。一般的に、α−2受容体作動薬は、治療有効用量、すなわち、所望の治療効果をもたらすのに十分な用量で投与される。
当業者は、α−2受容体作動薬が、当該技術分野で周知の薬学的に許容される賦形剤と混合されてもよいことを、容易に理解するであろう。
T細胞は、遺伝子再構成の結果として生成される、特異的なT細胞受容体(TCR)を有するリンパ球の類である。T細胞は、多様な役割を有し、それは、T細胞の異なるサブセットの分化によって達成され、遺伝子発現の別の形式によって認識可能である。いくつかの主要なT細胞のサブセットは、TCR−α/βおよびTCRγ/δ等の受容体発現、ならびにインバリアントナチュラルキラー細胞に基づいて認識される。他のT細胞のサブセットは、表面分子およびそこから分泌されるサイトカインによって定義される。例えば、Tヘルパー細胞(CD4細胞)はサイトカインを分泌し、B細胞および細胞傷害性T細胞の生存およびエフェクター機能の実行を助ける。細胞傷害性T細胞(CTL)は、一般的にCD8細胞であり、それらは、感染細胞または腫瘍細胞等の標的細胞を破壊することに特化する。ナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞は、T細胞に関連するがTCRを有さず、寿命はより短いが、いくつかの機能をT細胞と共有し、サイトカインを分泌して数種類の標的細胞を破壊することが可能である。
発明者らは、α2B選択的化合物が、免疫関連機構を介して、神経因性疼痛の状態を制御するかどうかを試験した。α2B作動薬である化合物Aでの治療は、脊髄神経結紮手術に誘発されたIL−2レベルの増加を軽減した(表1)。IL−2は、T−リンパ球増殖を制御するために必須の炎症促進性サイトカインである。この発見は、急性および慢性異痛症の回復(米国特許第7,345,065に記載され、その開示は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)へのα2B作動薬の作用が、免疫細胞、特にT細胞を介して媒介され得ることを示す。発明者らはまた、qPCRにより、ヒトTリンパ球の異なるサブタイプにおいてα2B受容体の発現は観察したが、α2A受容体の発現は観察しなかった。発明者らの知る限り、これは、T細胞におけるα2B受容体サブタイプの発現の初の実証である(図1)。α2B−受容体作動薬によって媒介される、持続痛の軽減機構における、免疫細胞の役割についての更なる根拠は、異なる構造を有する第2のα2B作動薬である化合物Bの鎮痛効果が、免疫抑制薬FK506で阻止可能であるという事実によって得られた(表2)。この発見は、α2B受容体に誘発された長期的な異痛症の回復は、FK506がT−リンパ球活性化の強力な遮断薬であることが示されたため、活性化されたリンパ球の存在を必要とすることを示唆する(Small et al,1996)。この発見は、異なる構造を有する、さらに別のα2B作動薬である化合物Cを用いて確認され、FK506においては、脊髄結紮モデルにおいて、化合物Cの長期的な鎮痛活性を阻止することが可能であった(表3)。
発明者らは、α2B−受容体作動薬のこの機構が、病理学的T細胞活性の第2のモデルである、多発性硬化症のモデル、および第2の種に汎用化可能であることを示した。実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎の再発寛解型を引き起こす、プロテオリピドタンパク質で免疫付与したマウスにおいて、化合物B(3mg/kg/日、浸透圧ミニポンプによる)は、Treg数を選択的に高め、疼痛を減少させた(図3)。
神経因性疼痛のChungモデルおよびMS誘発の疼痛モデルにおけるα2B−受容体作動薬媒介効果の機構の研究は、リンパ器官中の推定制御性T細胞(Tregs)の数の有意かつ持続的な増加を示した。発明者らは、疾患の臨床経過への効果についてMSモデルにおいて、ならびに自己免疫性ブドウ膜炎、内毒素誘発のブドウ膜炎、および眼乾燥性疾患において、α2B−受容体作動薬をさらに研究した。実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎(EAE)の再発寛解型を引き起こす、プロテオリピドタンパク質で免疫付与したマウスにおいて、臨床疾患発達時の化合物Bでの治療は、MSの症状の緩和に有意な効果を有する(図4)。7日目〜10日目の治療は、14日目(p<0.01)および24日目の再発時、臨床スコアを減少させた。マウスを継続的に治療する場合、同様の結果が得られる。EAEにおいて、炎症促進性CD4+T細胞および他の炎症性細胞は、末梢中で増殖し、中枢神経系(CNS)に浸潤し、それが進行性麻痺を特徴とする脱髄につながる。研究の終わりに、フローサイトメトリーを介するCNS中への免疫細胞の浸潤の分析は、化合物Bでの治療が、免疫細胞の存在を有意に減少させたことを明らかにした(図5)。これは、化合物Bが、CNS中の病原性T細胞の存在を阻止し、脳脊髄炎の緩和をもたらしたことを示す。化合物Cもまた、EAEにおいて同様の効果を示した。7日目〜13日目の1日3回の経口投与(3mg/kg/日)の後、臨床スコアは、ビヒクルで治療した13日目〜24日目のマウスと比較して、有意に減少した(図6)。37日目におけるフローサイトメトリーを介したCNS中の免疫細胞の分析は、化合物Cが、脊髄における制御性T細胞(CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+)の頻度を増加させたことを明らかにした(図7)。発明者らはまた、眼のT細胞媒介性炎症のモデルにおいて、α2B作動薬の有用性を調査するために研究を行った。実験的自己免疫性ブドウ膜炎(EAAU)は、前部の疾患をもたらす、抗原特異的なT細胞媒介性自己免疫応答を示す。EAAU誘発(1日3回、3日間の経口投与に続いての浸透圧ミニポンプを介する投与)に続いて、1日目〜18日目、または7日目〜18日目に1mg/kg/日で投与した、化合物Bは、前部の炎症を部分的に抑止することに効果的であった。
ラットの脊髄神経結紮モデル
ラットのSNL(またはChung)モデルは、神経因性疼痛の認められた標準的な動物モデルであり、症状(保護挙動、機械的異痛症)および薬理剤による軽減に関して、ヒト灼熱痛症状を模倣すると考えられる。例えば、モルヒネは、接触性異痛症を軽減しないが、一方でガバペンチン(30mg/kg、経口)は、異痛症の50%の軽減をもたらす。SNLモデルは、記載のように、接触性異痛症または軽い接触に対する感受性を発生させる、L−5およびL−6の脊髄神経を堅く結紮することによって実行した(Kim and Chung,1992)。雄性のスプラーグドーリーラット(100〜120グラム、Charles River,Wilmington,MA)は、イソフルラン/酸素混合物の吸入を通じて麻酔した。手術部位を剪毛し、ベタジンで調製した。切開を、第XIII胸椎から仙骨に向かって行った。筋肉を、L4〜S2のレベルで脊髄の椎骨(左側)から分離した。L6椎骨を配置し、次いで、L4〜L6脊髄神経を視覚的に特定するために、小型の骨鉗子で横突起を注意深く除去した。L5およびL6脊髄神経を単離し、6−0絹糸で堅く結紮した。完全な恒常性を確認し、次いで、創傷を縫合した。手術持続時間は、おおよそ20分であった。少量の抗生物質軟膏を切開範囲に塗布し、制御された加熱温度照明下で、動物をプラスチック製回復ケージに移した。動物には、術後、研究する現象である疼痛症候群の発達を阻害することになるため、いずれの局所または局部麻酔も施さなかった。
平均=異痛症回復の平均
平均値の標準誤差=標準誤差/nの平方根
実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎(EAE)のマウスモデルを、MSの根本的な免疫病原性機構を理解するために、広く使用した。ミエリン結合タンパク質(MBP)、プロテオリピドタンパク質(PLP)、およびミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖タンパク質(MOG)等のミエリンタンパク質で免疫付与したマウスは、MSを有する患者に多数の類似点を示す(Friese et al.,2006)。T細胞、マクロファージ、および抗体を含む、免疫系の構成要素は、EAEマウスにおけるミエリン破壊の重要な寄与因子である。さらに、炎症はまた、尾部弾力性の損失、異常歩行、および部分的から完全な後肢麻痺を含む、神経機能不全の臨床的兆候に至る、多発病巣領域の脱髄を発生させる。PLP誘発のEAEモデルは、CNS炎症および脱髄、ならびにMS関連疼痛の発症機構、すなわちAllerganにおいてここで最適化した多重標的型概念を、同時に調査する能力を提供する。滅菌技術を使用して、プロテオリピドタンパク質ミエリンペプチド(PLP)(139−159:CHCLGKWLGHPDKFVGITYAL)を、不完全フロイントアジュバント(IFA)と1:1で混合する(最終濃度2mg/ml PLP)。8〜10週齢の雌性SJLマウス(Taconic)に、26Gの針を使用して、100μlのPLP/IFA(200μgのPLP/注入)を、右および左両方の足側面に皮下注入する(0日目)。このプロトコルを使用して免疫付与したマウスは、寛解/臨床改善の期間を有する運動障害の発作を伴う再発寛解型臨床経過を経験する。さらに、これらのマウスは、臨床寛解の期間中に、最も顕著な強い疼痛表現型を示す。
C57BL/6(C57BL/6NTac)およびB6.Cg/NTac−Foxn1nuNE9を、Taconic,Inc.(Germantown,NY)から購入した。マウスを、6〜10週齢で使用した。動物実験の認可は、the Allergan Animal Care and Use Committeeから得た。全ての研究は、Association for Research in Vision and OphthalmologyのUse of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Researchについての記載に従った。文献に記載のように、1日3回、左側と右側に交互に臭化水素酸スコポラミン(0.5mg/0.2ml、Sigma−Aldrich,St.Louis,MO)の皮下注入でマウスを処置することによって、眼乾燥を誘発させた(Neiderkorn et al,2006)。マウスを、送風機(ケージの各側面に1つの送風機)からの通気を可能にするために、ケージの各側面に孔あきプラスチックスクリーンを有するケージに、16時間/日、フード内に入れた(AirClean Systems,Raleigh,NC)。室内湿度を、40%未満に維持した。乾燥ストレス(DS)を、連続10日間、誘発した。脾臓および頸部リンパ節(CLN)を、DSおよびNSに供したマウスから収集し、1つのドナーに対応する脾臓またはCLN CD4+細胞のいずれかを、同種ヌードマウスに腹腔内移入した。1つの脾臓に対応するT細胞は、5×107個の細胞に等しい。3日後に、分析のために試料を収集した。涙液収集のために、1.5μLのPBSを各眼に入れ、次いで1μLの涙液を、両眼から収集し、8μLのサイトカインアッセイ緩衝液(Beadlyte、Millipore,Billerica,MA)に入れた。緩衝液および涙液を、外眼角の涙液メニスカスに設置した、1μL容積のガラス製毛細管(Drummond Scientific,Broomhall,PA)を使用して、毛細管作用によって収集した。試料を、アッセイ時まで−80℃で凍結させた。組織学的分析は、結膜中の杯細胞およびT細胞を定量化するために、涙腺試料を、CD4に対する抗体で染色し、H&E染色することによって、行った。治療形態にある化合物を試験するために、動物を、乾燥ストレスに2週間晒し、次いで、7日間通常の収容ケージで休養させた。動物を、続いて、再度さらに7日間乾燥ストレスに晒し、慢性眼乾燥性疾患の再発型を模倣させた。化合物Bでの薬物治療は、再度乾燥ストレスに晒す2日前に開始した。いずれの研究においても、化合物Bは、3mg/kg/日で投与した。養子伝達、涙液サイトカイン分析、および組織学的分析を、上述のように実行した。
雄性のLewisラット(180〜200g)に、150μg(100μL中)の精製したウシ眼からのMAA複合体を単回左後部足蹠注入することによって、免疫付与した。MAAタンパク質を、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS、pH7.2)中に懸濁し、1μg/100μlの百日咳毒素(PTx)乳剤混合物を含有する完全フロイントアジュバント(CFA,VWR Scientific)中で乳化させた(1:1v/v)。対照動物に、CFAおよびPTxで乳化させたPBSを注入した。
ラットにおける内毒素誘発のブドウ膜炎:
製剤:
浅頸リンパ節細胞および脾臓細胞を、緩やかな機械処理によって得た。CD4+細胞を、CD4+単離カラム(Miltenyi Biotech,Auburn,CA)を使用して、製造業者の手順に従って、単離した。脳および脊髄を、機械的に脱凝集させ、CNSの単核細胞を、37.5%パーコール(Sigma−Aldrich)を使用して単離した。
サイトカインのレベルを、感応性の蛍光多重イムノビーズアッセイ(Luminex、Biosource−Invitrogen,Carlsbad,CA)を用いて測定した。Milliporeからの9項目ラットサイトカイン/ケモカイン(RCYTO−80K−09)パネルを使用した。試料中のサイトカインレベルを、対応するMilliporeのサイトカインBeadmateペアを使用して、分析した。Luminexアッセイについては、96ウェルフィルタプレート(Millipore)を、25μlのBeadlyteサイトカインアッセイ緩衝液で事前に湿潤させた。真空マニホールド(Millipore,Billerica,MA)を使用して、ウェルから緩衝液を吸引した。25μlの試料を各ウェルに設置した。ビーズ(25μl)を、ピペットでウェルに入れた。各サイトカインの標準曲線を、Milliporeから購入した標準物の25μlの適切な希釈を設置することによって、2部生成した。プレートを、4℃で暗所において穏やかに振動させながら一晩インキュベートした。ビーズをBeadlyteサイトカインアッセイ緩衝液(Millipore)で洗浄し、洗浄緩衝液を、真空マニホールドを使用して排除した。25μlの適切なビオチン結合2次抗体(Millipore)を、穏やかに振動させながら、室温で90分間、各ウェルに添加した。ビーズを、Beadlyteストレプトアビジン−フィコエリトリン(Beadlyteアッセイ緩衝液中1:25希釈)で、穏やかに振動させながら室温で30分間インキュベートした。ビーズを洗浄し、125μlのBeadlyte緩衝液中に再懸濁し、Luminex 100機器(Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX)によって分析した。最低限サイトカイン1個あたり50個のビーズから得られた平均蛍光強度を、Upstate Beadviewソフトウェアを使用して分析した。4または5パラメータのロジスティック曲線を使用して、標準曲線(ゼロ標準線を2通り含む8つのデータポイント)を生成した。R−2乗値は、0.99〜1であった。データは、pg/mlまたはng/mlの値で表す。
Claims (4)
- 前記薬学的組成物が、初期の期間の投与、次いで、休薬期間が経過した後の第2の期間の投与に適合されている、請求項1記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記初期、第2、および休薬期間は、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、もしくは14日間、または1、2、3、もしくは4週間である、請求項2に記載の薬学的組成物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US37412410P | 2010-08-16 | 2010-08-16 | |
US61/374,124 | 2010-08-16 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016070888A Division JP6250728B2 (ja) | 2010-08-16 | 2016-03-31 | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2018027984A JP2018027984A (ja) | 2018-02-22 |
JP6509307B2 true JP6509307B2 (ja) | 2019-05-08 |
Family
ID=44543836
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013524881A Expired - Fee Related JP5938407B2 (ja) | 2010-08-16 | 2011-08-11 | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 |
JP2016070888A Expired - Fee Related JP6250728B2 (ja) | 2010-08-16 | 2016-03-31 | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 |
JP2017224363A Expired - Fee Related JP6509307B2 (ja) | 2010-08-16 | 2017-11-22 | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013524881A Expired - Fee Related JP5938407B2 (ja) | 2010-08-16 | 2011-08-11 | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 |
JP2016070888A Expired - Fee Related JP6250728B2 (ja) | 2010-08-16 | 2016-03-31 | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US8575207B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP3332782A1 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP5938407B2 (ja) |
KR (3) | KR102013086B1 (ja) |
CN (3) | CN114073696A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2011292296B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112013003590A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2808307C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2605771T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2676194T3 (ja) |
HK (2) | HK1256823A1 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE038366T2 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2605771T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT2605771T (ja) |
RU (2) | RU2016134989A (ja) |
SI (1) | SI2605771T1 (ja) |
TR (1) | TR201809456T4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012024161A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2769449A1 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-03 | Allergan, Inc. | Selective alpha 2b/2c agonists |
US8575207B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2013-11-05 | Allergan, Inc. | Method of activating regulatory T cells with alpha-2B adrenergic receptor agonists |
US20150313896A1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-11-05 | Galderma Research & Development | Method for treating cell proliferation disorders |
EP3261620B1 (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2022-11-09 | The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois | Methods and compositions for treating dry eye disease and other eye disorders |
US9877964B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2018-01-30 | Ocugen, Inc. | Methods and compositions for treating dry eye disease and other eye disorders |
US20180250369A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-09-06 | Ventria Bioscience, Inc. | Lactoferrin compositions and methods for modulation of t cell subtypes and treatment of autoimmune diseases |
WO2017062491A1 (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | Jing-Feng Huang | Therapeutic compositions for the treatment of dry eye and related ocular surface diseases |
AU2017252122B2 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2023-02-09 | Viking Therapeutics, Inc. | Use of Thyroid beta-Agonists |
US10555947B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2020-02-11 | Ocugen, Inc. | Ophthalmic compositions and methods of use |
Family Cites Families (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4166452A (en) | 1976-05-03 | 1979-09-04 | Generales Constantine D J Jr | Apparatus for testing human responses to stimuli |
US4256108A (en) | 1977-04-07 | 1981-03-17 | Alza Corporation | Microporous-semipermeable laminated osmotic system |
DE2835423A1 (de) | 1978-08-12 | 1980-03-06 | Hoechst Ag | Beton- und moertelzusatzmittel und dessen verwendung |
US4265874A (en) | 1980-04-25 | 1981-05-05 | Alza Corporation | Method of delivering drug with aid of effervescent activity generated in environment of use |
US6841684B2 (en) * | 1997-12-04 | 2005-01-11 | Allergan, Inc. | Imidiazoles having reduced side effects |
US6329369B1 (en) | 1997-12-04 | 2001-12-11 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Methods of treating pain and other conditions |
US6040292A (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-03-21 | Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for treating diabetes |
US7335803B2 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2008-02-26 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods and compositions for modulating alpha adrenergic receptor activity |
US6313172B1 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-11-06 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Methods and compositions for modulating alpha adrenergic receptor activity |
US6545182B2 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2003-04-08 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Methods and compositions for modulating alpha adrenergic receptor activity |
WO2002058730A2 (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2002-08-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Compositions for treatment of ocular neovascularization |
US6787517B1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2004-09-07 | Allergan, Inc. | Agent and methods for treating pain |
US6534542B2 (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2003-03-18 | Allergen Sales, Inc. | (2-hydroxy)ethyl-thioureas useful as modulators of α2B adrenergic receptors |
US7091232B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2006-08-15 | Allergan, Inc. | 4-(substituted cycloalkylmethyl) imidazole-2-thiones, 4-(substituted cycloalkenylmethyl) imidazole-2-thiones, 4-(substituted cycloalkylmethyl) imidazol-2-ones and 4-(substituted cycloalkenylmethyl) imidazol-2-ones and related compounds |
US7345065B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2008-03-18 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods and compositions for alleviating pain |
US7276522B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2007-10-02 | Allergan, Inc. | 4-(substituted cycloalkylmethyl) imidazole-2-thiones, 4-(substituted cycloalkenylmethyl) imidazole-2-thiones, 4-(substituted cycloalkylmethyl) imidazol-2-ones, 4-(substituted cycloalkenylmethyl) imidazol-2-ones and related compounds |
EP2335734A3 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2012-01-11 | Allergan, Inc. | Treatment of pain and other alpha 2 adrenergic-mediated conditions |
US7105183B2 (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2006-09-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Chlorite in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease |
EP1797043A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2007-06-20 | Allergan, Inc. | 4-(phenylmethyl and substituted phenylmethyl)-imidazole-2-thiones acting as specific alpha2 adrenergic agonists |
BRPI0516217A (pt) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-08-26 | Allergan Inc | compostos de 4-benzil-1,3-diidro-imidazol-2-tionas não-substituìdos e substituìdos que atuam como agonistas especìficos ou seletivos alfa2-adrenérgicos e métodos de utilização dos mesmos |
WO2007019251A2 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-15 | Apogee Biotechnology Corporation | Sphingosine kinase inhibitors and methods of their use |
CN101432281B (zh) * | 2006-04-19 | 2013-08-28 | 诺瓦提斯公司 | 6-0-取代的苯并*唑和苯并噻唑化合物以及抑制csf-1r信号传导的方法 |
AU2007332641A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Novel 2 -imidazoles as ligands for trace amine associated receptors (TAAR) |
US20080269241A1 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-10-30 | Darin Allen | Bicyclic aminopropyl tetrahydro-pyrazolo-pyridine modulators of cathepsin s |
CA2695423C (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2016-01-12 | The Mill Steel Co. | Apparatus for determining gauge profile for flat rolled material |
WO2009020578A1 (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-12 | Schering Corporation | Alpha2c adrenoreceptor agonists |
WO2009052075A2 (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | Allergan, Inc. | Method of treating motor disorders with alpha-2b adrenergic receptor agonists |
EP2242753B1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2015-04-08 | Allergan, Inc. | Oxazolidine and thiazolidine selective subtype alpha 2 adrenergic agents and methods for use thereof |
US8809379B2 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2014-08-19 | Allergan, Inc. | Selective subtype alpha 2 adrenergic agents and methods for use thereof |
DK2303264T3 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2018-05-22 | Allergan Inc | METHODS FOR TREATING ALPHA-ADRENERG-MEDIATED CONDITIONS USING IMIDAZOLINE DERIVATIVES |
WO2009152053A1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods of treating alpha adrenergic mediated conditions using imidazoline derivates |
US9034910B2 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2015-05-19 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods of treating alpha adrenergic mediated conditions |
CA2769449A1 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-03 | Allergan, Inc. | Selective alpha 2b/2c agonists |
US8575207B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2013-11-05 | Allergan, Inc. | Method of activating regulatory T cells with alpha-2B adrenergic receptor agonists |
-
2011
- 2011-08-11 US US13/207,801 patent/US8575207B2/en active Active
- 2011-08-11 TR TR2018/09456T patent/TR201809456T4/tr unknown
- 2011-08-11 AU AU2011292296A patent/AU2011292296B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-08-11 JP JP2013524881A patent/JP5938407B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-08-11 KR KR1020187009383A patent/KR102013086B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-08-11 KR KR1020137006669A patent/KR101847669B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-08-11 EP EP18151817.6A patent/EP3332782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-08-11 CN CN202110169054.0A patent/CN114073696A/zh active Pending
- 2011-08-11 EP EP11751717.7A patent/EP2605771B1/en active Active
- 2011-08-11 PL PL11751717T patent/PL2605771T3/pl unknown
- 2011-08-11 SI SI201131520T patent/SI2605771T1/sl unknown
- 2011-08-11 CN CN201810086420.4A patent/CN108272797B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-08-11 RU RU2016134989A patent/RU2016134989A/ru unknown
- 2011-08-11 ES ES11751717.7T patent/ES2676194T3/es active Active
- 2011-08-11 HU HUE11751717A patent/HUE038366T2/hu unknown
- 2011-08-11 WO PCT/US2011/047426 patent/WO2012024161A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-08-11 PT PT117517177T patent/PT2605771T/pt unknown
- 2011-08-11 BR BR112013003590A patent/BR112013003590A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-08-11 DK DK11751717.7T patent/DK2605771T3/en active
- 2011-08-11 KR KR1020197023782A patent/KR20190097323A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-08-11 RU RU2013110877/15A patent/RU2599495C2/ru active
- 2011-08-11 CN CN201180049427.5A patent/CN103153296B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-08-11 CA CA2808307A patent/CA2808307C/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-11-04 US US14/070,956 patent/US9289420B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-02-12 US US15/042,997 patent/US9545394B2/en active Active
- 2016-03-31 JP JP2016070888A patent/JP6250728B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-12-07 US US15/371,470 patent/US20170079956A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2017
- 2017-11-15 US US15/813,910 patent/US10251865B2/en active Active
- 2017-11-22 JP JP2017224363A patent/JP6509307B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-12-12 HK HK18115908.9A patent/HK1256823A1/zh unknown
-
2019
- 2019-01-11 HK HK19100420.9A patent/HK1258043A1/zh unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6509307B2 (ja) | α−2Bアドレナリン受容体作動薬を用いて制御性T細胞を活性化する方法 | |
AU2009238370A1 (en) | Alpha 2B or 2B/2C adrenoceptor agonists for the treatment of neurodegeneration | |
KR20230050363A (ko) | 질환의 치료에 있어서 btk 저해제의 용도 | |
US8906357B2 (en) | Treatment of multiple sclerosis with masitinib | |
AU2015255182B2 (en) | Method of activating regulatory t cells with alpha-2b adrenergic receptor agonists | |
US20190231765A1 (en) | Methods for treating ocular disease using inhibitors of csf-1r | |
TW202021968A (zh) | 用於治療眼部疾病之方法及藥物組合物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20171122 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20171122 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20180730 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20181030 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20190104 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20190130 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20190204 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20190306 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20190402 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6509307 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |