JP6504525B2 - Overheater - Google Patents
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- JP6504525B2 JP6504525B2 JP2015199250A JP2015199250A JP6504525B2 JP 6504525 B2 JP6504525 B2 JP 6504525B2 JP 2015199250 A JP2015199250 A JP 2015199250A JP 2015199250 A JP2015199250 A JP 2015199250A JP 6504525 B2 JP6504525 B2 JP 6504525B2
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本発明は、廃棄物処理炉から排出される排ガスから熱回収するボイラに設けられ、排ガスとの熱交換により過熱管内の蒸気を過熱する複数の過熱器が直列に配された過熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a superheater provided in a boiler that recovers heat from exhaust gas discharged from a waste treatment furnace, and in which a plurality of superheaters superheats steam in a superheated pipe by heat exchange with the exhaust gas.
廃棄物処理炉、例えば、ごみや産業廃棄物を焼却する焼却炉等に併設される熱回収ボイラに設けられた過熱装置は、過熱管群を有する過熱器がボイラ内に配されている。したがって、該過熱管群が、上記廃棄物処理炉から排出される排ガスに含まれる腐食性ガスと高温下で接触することにより腐食（高温腐食）する場合がある。そのため、過熱管群の材料には耐食性が求められるが、高価な高耐食性材料を使用すると、設備費用が嵩むという問題が生じる。 As a superheater provided in a heat recovery boiler provided adjacent to a waste treatment furnace, for example, an incinerator or the like for incinerating waste and industrial waste, a superheater having a superheat pipe group is disposed in the boiler. Therefore, the superheated tube group may be corroded (high temperature corrosion) by coming into contact with a corrosive gas contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the waste treatment furnace at a high temperature. Therefore, although corrosion resistance is required for the material of the superheated tube group, the use of an expensive highly corrosion resistant material causes a problem of increased equipment cost.
そこで、過熱管群の高温腐食を防止するために、例えば特許文献１のように、過熱器の管壁温度を制御することが知られている。この特許文献１では、ボイラ内にて、高温過熱器、中温過熱器そして低温過熱器の三つの過熱器が、排ガスの上流側から順に配されている。これら三つの過熱器は過熱管同士が直列して接続されており、低温過熱器、中温過熱器そして高温過熱器の順に過熱管内を蒸気が流れることにより、該蒸気が排ガスとの熱交換により過熱され、過熱蒸気が生成されるようになっている。 Then, in order to prevent the high temperature corrosion of a superheat pipe group, it is known, for example like patent document 1 to control the tube wall temperature of a superheater. In Patent Document 1, three superheaters, a high temperature superheater, a medium temperature superheater, and a low temperature superheater, are disposed in order from the upstream side of the exhaust gas in the boiler. In these three superheaters, the superheat pipes are connected in series, and steam flows through the superheat pipes in the order of a low temperature superheater, a medium temperature superheater and a high temperature superheater, whereby the steam is heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas. And superheated steam is generated.
また、低温過熱器と中温過熱器との接続位置には一次減温器がそして中温過熱器と高温過熱器との接続位置には二次減温器が設けられており、各減温器が過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給することにより、該過熱蒸気を冷却して過熱蒸気温度を制御するようになっている。このような特許文献１では、高温過熱器の入口付近での過熱蒸気温度および中温過熱器の出口付近での過熱管壁温度をそれぞれ計測し、それらの計測温度に基づいて一次減温器からの冷却水の供給量を調整する。また、高温過熱器の出口付近での過熱蒸気温度および過熱管壁温度をそれぞれ計測し、それらの計測温度に基づいて二次減温器からの冷却水の供給量を調整する。 Also, a primary temperature reducer is provided at the connection position between the low temperature superheater and the medium temperature superheater, and a secondary temperature reducer is provided at the connection position between the intermediate temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater. By supplying cooling water to the superheated steam, the superheated steam is cooled to control the temperature of the superheated steam. In such Patent Document 1, the temperature of the superheated steam in the vicinity of the inlet of the high temperature superheater and the temperature of the superheated tube wall in the vicinity of the outlet of the medium temperature superheater are measured, respectively. Adjust the amount of cooling water supplied. In addition, the temperature of the superheated steam and the temperature of the superheated tube wall near the outlet of the high temperature superheater are measured, respectively, and the amount of cooling water supplied from the secondary temperature reducer is adjusted based on the measured temperatures.
特許文献１では、このようにして各減温器からの冷却水の供給量ひいては過熱蒸気の温度を調整して、ボイラ内の高温下で排ガスに含まれる腐食性ガスと接触する高温過熱器および中温過熱器のそれぞれの管壁温度を所定温度以下に抑えることにより、各過熱器の管壁の高温腐食を防止することとしている。 In Patent Document 1, a high temperature superheater which contacts the corrosive gas contained in the exhaust gas under high temperature in the boiler by adjusting the amount of supply of the cooling water from each temperature reducer and thus the temperature of the superheated steam in this manner and By suppressing the temperature of each tube wall of the medium-temperature superheater to a predetermined temperature or less, high temperature corrosion of the tube wall of each superheater is prevented.
特許文献１では、各減温器からの冷却水の供給量は、二種類の計測温度、すなわち過熱蒸気の温度および過熱管の管壁温度の両方に基づいて制御されるので、一種類の計測温度に基づいて冷却水の供給量が制御される場合と比べて制御工程が複雑となり、コストが嵩んでしまう。また、過熱器の管壁温度を計測するためには、該管壁温度の計測位置で過熱管に温度計を設ける必要があるが、この温度計はボイラ内で高温下に配されることとなるので、該温度計自体が損傷しやすいという問題がある。 In Patent Document 1, the amount of cooling water supplied from each temperature reducer is controlled based on two types of measured temperatures, that is, both the temperature of the superheated steam and the temperature of the pipe wall of the superheater, so one type of measurement Compared to the case where the amount of cooling water supplied is controlled based on the temperature, the control process becomes complicated and the cost increases. Also, in order to measure the tube wall temperature of the superheater, it is necessary to provide a thermometer in the superheater at the measurement position of the tube wall temperature, and this thermometer is placed under high temperature in the boiler Therefore, there is a problem that the thermometer itself is easily damaged.
本発明は、このような事情に鑑み、過熱器の管壁温度を計測する必要がなく、簡単な制御工程で過熱管の腐食を防止できる過熱装置を提供することを課題としている。 In view of such circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a superheater capable of preventing corrosion of a superheated tube in a simple control process without having to measure the tube wall temperature of the superheater.
本発明に係る過熱装置は、廃棄物処理炉から排出される排ガスから熱回収するボイラに設けられ、排ガスとの熱交換により過熱管内の蒸気を過熱する複数の過熱器が直列に配された過熱装置であって、上記複数の過熱器は、過熱装置外から供給される蒸気を過熱して過熱蒸気を生成する一次過熱器と、該一次過熱器よりも高温下に配され該一次過熱器を経た過熱蒸気を過熱する二次過熱器と、該二次過熱器よりも低温下に配され該二次過熱器を経た過熱蒸気を過熱した後に過熱装置外へ送る三次過熱器とを有している。 The superheater according to the present invention is provided in a boiler that recovers heat from exhaust gas discharged from a waste treatment furnace, and superheaters in which a plurality of superheaters that superheat steam in a superheated pipe by heat exchange with the exhaust gas are arranged in series. The plurality of superheaters are a primary superheater which superheats steam supplied from the outside of the superheater to generate superheated steam, and the primary superheater which is disposed at a higher temperature than the primary superheater. A secondary superheater for superheating the superheated steam passed through, and a third superheater disposed at a temperature lower than that of the secondary superheater, and superheating the superheated steam passed through the secondary superheater and sending it out of the superheater There is.
かかる過熱装置において、本発明では、上記二次過熱器に送られる過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給して該過熱蒸気を減温する一次減温器と、一次減温器で減温され二次過熱器に送られる過熱蒸気の温度である二次過熱器入口温度を計測する二次過熱器入口温度計と、上記二次過熱器入口温度が所定の二次過熱器入口設定温度となるように、上記二次過熱器入口温度計の計測温度に基いて上記一次減温器での冷却水の供給量を調整する一次制御装置と、上記三次過熱器に送られる過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給して該過熱蒸気を減温する二次減温器と、上記三次過熱器で過熱され過熱装置外へ送られる過熱蒸気の温度である三次過熱器出口温度を計測する三次過熱器出口温度計と、上記三次過熱器出口温度が所定の三次過熱器出口設定温度となるように、上記三次過熱器出口温度計の計測温度に基いて上記二次減温器での冷却水の供給量を調整する二次制御装置とを備えることを特徴としている。 In such a superheater, according to the present invention, the primary superheater for supplying cooling water to the superheated steam sent to the secondary superheater to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam, and the secondary superheater with the primary temperature reducer. A secondary superheater inlet thermometer that measures the temperature of the secondary superheater inlet, which is the temperature of the superheated steam sent to the cooling unit, and the secondary superheater inlet temperature becomes a predetermined secondary superheater inlet set temperature; A primary control device that adjusts the amount of cooling water supplied by the primary temperature reducer based on the temperature measured by the secondary superheater inlet thermometer, and cooling water supplied to the superheated steam sent to the tertiary superheater A second subcooler for reducing the temperature of the superheated steam; a third superheater outlet thermometer for measuring a third superheater outlet temperature which is a temperature of superheated steam which is heated by the third superheater and sent out of the superheater; Above so that the tertiary superheater outlet temperature is at the predetermined tertiary superheater outlet set temperature Based on the measured temperature of the tertiary superheater outlet thermometer is characterized in that it comprises a secondary control unit and for adjusting the supply amount of the cooling water in the secondary desuperheater above.
本発明では、上述のように、一次制御装置が二次過熱器入口温度計の計測温度に基いて上記一次減温器での冷却水の供給量を調整することにより、二次過熱器入口温度が調整される。また、二次制御装置が三次過熱器出口温度計の計測温度に基いて上記二次減温器での冷却水の供給量を調整することにより、上記三次過熱器出口温度が調整される。このように、本発明では、過熱蒸気の温度のみに基づいて減温器からの冷却水の供給量が調整されるようになっているので、従来のように過熱蒸気の温度のみならず過熱器の管壁の温度にも基づいて冷却水の供給量が調整される場合と比べて、冷却水の供給量の制御工程が簡単となる。また、本発明では、過熱器の管壁温度を温度計で計測する必要がないため、該温度計が損傷するという事態が生じることがない。 In the present invention, as described above, the primary control device adjusts the amount of cooling water supplied by the primary reducer based on the measured temperature of the secondary superheater inlet thermometer, whereby the secondary superheater inlet temperature is obtained. Is adjusted. Further, the secondary control device adjusts the supply amount of the cooling water in the secondary temperature reducer based on the measured temperature of the tertiary superheater outlet thermometer, whereby the outlet temperature of the tertiary superheater is adjusted. As described above, according to the present invention, the amount of cooling water supplied from the temperature reducer is adjusted based only on the temperature of the superheated steam, so that not only the temperature of the superheated steam but also the superheater as in the prior art The process of controlling the amount of supplied cooling water is simplified as compared to the case where the amount of supplied cooling water is adjusted based on the temperature of the tube wall. Moreover, in the present invention, since it is not necessary to measure the tube wall temperature of the superheater with a thermometer, the situation that the thermometer is damaged does not occur.
以上のように、本発明によると、各減温器からの冷却水の供給量が過熱蒸気の温度のみに基づいて調整されるので、従来のように過熱蒸気の温度のみならず過熱器の管壁の温度にも基づいて冷却水の供給量が調整される場合と比べて、過熱管の高温腐食防止のための冷却水の供給量の制御工程が簡単となり、コストを抑制することができる。また、過熱器の管壁温度を温度計で計測する必要がないため、該温度計が損傷するという事態が生じることがない。 As described above, according to the present invention, since the amount of cooling water supplied from each temperature reducer is adjusted based only on the temperature of the superheated steam, not only the temperature of the superheated steam but also the tubes of the superheater as in the prior art. As compared with the case where the amount of supply of cooling water is adjusted based on the temperature of the wall, the control process of the amount of supply of cooling water for preventing high temperature corrosion of the superheater pipe can be simplified and cost can be suppressed. Moreover, since it is not necessary to measure the tube wall temperature of a superheater with a thermometer, the situation where the thermometer is damaged does not occur.
以下、添付図面の図１にもとづき、本発明の一実施形態装置を説明する。 An apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る過熱装置１の概要構成を示すブロック図である。該過熱装置１は、例えば廃棄物焼却炉等の廃棄物処理炉（図示せず）に併設され該廃棄物処理炉から排出される排ガスから熱回収するボイラ（図示せず）に設けられている。該過熱装置１は、ボイラ内に配され排ガスとの熱交換により過熱管内の蒸気を過熱する一次過熱器２、二次過熱器３および三次過熱器４（以下、必要に応じて「過熱器２，３，４」と総称する）を有している。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a heating device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The superheating device 1 is provided, for example, in a boiler (not shown) that recovers heat from exhaust gas discharged from the waste processing furnace, which is juxtaposed to a waste processing furnace (not shown) such as a waste incinerator. . The superheater 1 is disposed in the boiler and heats the heat exchange with the exhaust gas to heat the steam in the superheater tube. The primary superheater 2, the secondary superheater 3 and the tertiary superheater 4 (hereinafter referred to as “superheater 2 , 3, 4 ").
過熱器２，３，４は、過熱管同士が接続管６，７で接続されており、蒸気が一次過熱器２，二次過熱器３そして三次過熱器４の順に過熱管を流れながら過熱されるようになっている。具体的には、一次過熱器２と二次過熱器３とが接続管６で接続され、二次過熱器３と三次過熱器４とが接続管７で接続されている。また、一次過熱器２には、ボイラドラム（図示せず）から蒸気を受けるための導入管５が接続されており、三次過熱器４には、蒸気だめ（図示せず）へ過熱蒸気を送るための送出管８が接続されている。
In the superheaters 2, 3 and 4, the superheat pipes are connected by the
本実施形態では、ボイラ内にて、排ガスの流れ方向で、二次過熱器３、三次過熱器４、一次過熱器２の順に配されている。つまり、二次過熱器３が三次過熱器４および一次過熱器２よりも高温下に配されているとともに、三次過熱器４が一次過熱器２よりも高温下に配されている。このような構成において、各過熱器２，３，４は、まず、一次過熱器２が、導入管５を経てボイラドラムから供給される蒸気を過熱して過熱蒸気を生成し、次に、二次過熱器３が、一次過熱器２を経た過熱蒸気を接続管６から受けて該過熱蒸気を過熱し、さらに、三次過熱器４が、二次過熱器３を経た過熱蒸気を接続管７から受けて該過熱蒸気をさらに過熱した後に、送出管８で蒸気だめへ送るようになっている。該蒸気だめへ送られた過熱蒸気は十分に高温となっており、該過熱蒸気の保有する熱エネルギーが、例えばタービン（図示せず）による発電等に利用される。
In the present embodiment, in the boiler, the secondary superheater 3, the third superheater 4, and the primary superheater 2 are arranged in the order of the exhaust gas flow direction. That is, the secondary superheater 3 is disposed at a higher temperature than the tertiary superheater 4 and the primary superheater 2, and the tertiary superheater 4 is disposed at a higher temperature than the primary superheater 2. In such a configuration, in each of the superheaters 2, 3, and 4, first, the primary superheater 2 superheats the steam supplied from the boiler drum through the introduction pipe 5 to generate superheated steam, and then The secondary superheater 3 receives the superheated steam which has passed through the primary superheater 2 from the connecting
図１に見られるように、接続管６には、一次過熱器２から二次過熱器３へ送られる過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給して該過熱蒸気を減温する一次減温器９が設けられている。該一次減温器９からの冷却水によって上記過熱蒸気が十分に減温されることにより、該二次過熱器３がボイラ内で高温下に配されていても、該二次過熱器３の過熱管の管壁が過剰に高温となることがなくなり、該二次過熱器３の過熱管の高温腐食が良好に防止される。
As seen in FIG. 1, the connecting
一次減温器９からの冷却水の供給量は、該一次減温器９に接続された一次流量調整弁１０の開度が後述の一次制御装置１５によって調整されることにより制御される。具体的には、一次制御装置１５は、一次流量調整弁１０の開度を大きくして冷却水の供給量を増加させることにより過熱蒸気をさらに減温し、一次流量調整弁１０の開度を小さくして冷却水の供給量を減少させることにより過熱蒸気の減温を抑制する。 The amount of cooling water supplied from the primary temperature reducer 9 is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the primary flow rate adjustment valve 10 connected to the primary temperature reducer 9 by a primary control device 15 described later. Specifically, the primary control device 15 further reduces the temperature of the superheated steam by increasing the opening of the primary flow control valve 10 to increase the amount of supplied cooling water, and the opening of the primary flow control valve 10 Reduce the temperature of the overheated steam by reducing the supply of cooling water to make it smaller.
また、接続管６には、過熱蒸気の流れ方向での一次減温器９よりも下流側に、一次減温器９で減温され二次過熱器３に送られる過熱蒸気の温度である二次過熱器入口温度を計測する二次過熱器入口温度計１１が設けられている。 Further, the temperature of the superheated steam that is reduced by the primary reducer 9 and sent to the secondary superheater 3 downstream of the primary reducer 9 in the flow direction of the superheated steam in the connecting pipe 6 A secondary superheater inlet thermometer 11 is provided to measure the secondary superheater inlet temperature.
接続管７には、二次過熱器３から三次過熱器４へ送られる過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給して該過熱蒸気を減温する二次減温器１２が設けられている。該二次減温器１２からの冷却水によって上記過熱蒸気が十分に減温されることにより、該三次過熱器４がボイラ内で高温下に配されていても、該三次過熱器４の過熱管の管壁が過剰に高温となることがなくなり、該三次過熱器４の過熱管の高温腐食が良好に防止される。 The connecting pipe 7 is provided with a secondary temperature reducer 12 which supplies cooling water to the superheated steam sent from the secondary superheater 3 to the tertiary superheater 4 to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam. Even if the third superheater 4 is disposed at a high temperature in the boiler by sufficiently reducing the temperature of the superheated steam by the cooling water from the second subcooler 12, the superheater of the third superheater 4 is overheated. The tube wall of the tube does not become excessively hot, and high temperature corrosion of the superheater tube of the third superheater 4 is well prevented.
二次減温器１２からの冷却水の供給量は、該二次減温器１２に接続された二次流量調整弁１３の開度が後述の二次制御装置１６によって調整されることにより制御される。具体的には、二次制御装置１６は、二次流量調整弁１３の開度を大きくして冷却水の供給量を増加させることにより過熱蒸気をさらに減温し、二次流量調整弁１３の開度を小さくして冷却水の供給量を減少させることにより過熱蒸気の減温を抑制する。
The amount of cooling water supplied from the secondary temperature reducer 12 is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the secondary flow
接続管７には、過熱蒸気の流れ方向での二次減温器１２よりも上流位置に、二次過熱器３から送られる過熱蒸気の温度である二次過熱器出口温度を計測する二次過熱器出口温度計（図示せず）が設けられてもよい。該二次過熱器出口温度計を設けることにより、二次過熱器出口温度が適正な温度となっているかどうかを確認することができる。また、送出管８には、三次過熱器４で過熱され蒸気だめへ送られる過熱蒸気の温度である三次過熱器出口温度を計測する三次過熱器出口温度計１４が設けられている。
In the connecting pipe 7, a secondary superheater outlet temperature, which is the temperature of the superheated steam sent from the secondary superheater 3, at a position upstream of the secondary temperature reducer 12 in the flow direction of the superheated steam A superheater outlet thermometer (not shown) may be provided. By providing the secondary superheater outlet thermometer, it can be confirmed whether the secondary superheater outlet temperature is at an appropriate temperature. Further, the delivery pipe 8 is provided with a tertiary
本実施形態に係る過熱装置１は、さらに、二次過熱器入口温度計１１の計測温度に基いて一次減温器９での冷却水の供給量を調整する一次制御装置１５と、三次過熱器出口温度計１４の計測温度に基いて二次減温器１２での冷却水の供給量を調整する二次制御装置１６とを有している。
The superheating device 1 according to the present embodiment further includes a primary control device 15 that adjusts the amount of cooling water supplied by the primary temperature reducer 9 based on the temperature measured by the secondary superheater inlet thermometer 11, and a tertiary superheater And a
本実施形態では、二次過熱器入口温度および三次過熱器出口温度のそれぞれについて、二次過熱器入口設定温度および三次過熱器出口設定温度が目標値として予め設定されている。また、三次過熱器出口設定温度から三次過熱器出口温度計１４の計測温度を差し引いて得られる三次過熱器出口温度差について、許容可能な最大値としての三次過熱器出口最大許容温度差および許容可能な最小値としての三次過熱器出口最小許容温度差が予め設定されている。
In this embodiment, the secondary superheater inlet set temperature and the tertiary superheater outlet set temperature are preset as target values for each of the secondary superheater inlet temperature and the tertiary superheater outlet temperature. Also, for the third-order superheater outlet temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature of the third-order
一次制御装置１５は、二次過熱器入口設定温度から二次過熱器入口温度計の計測温度を差し引いた温度差（以下、「二次過熱器入口温度差」という）を算出し、該二次過熱器入口温度差をなくすように、すなわち、二次過熱器入口温度が所定の二次過熱器入口設定温度となるように、一次流量調整弁１０の開度を調整して、一次減温器９からの冷却水の供給量を制御する。 The primary control device 15 calculates a temperature difference (hereinafter referred to as “secondary superheater inlet temperature difference”) obtained by subtracting the measured temperature of the secondary superheater inlet thermometer from the set temperature of the secondary superheater inlet (hereinafter referred to as “secondary superheater inlet temperature difference”) By adjusting the opening degree of the primary flow control valve 10 so as to eliminate the temperature difference at the superheater inlet, that is, the secondary superheater inlet temperature becomes a predetermined secondary superheater inlet set temperature, the primary temperature reducer Control the amount of cooling water supplied from 9.
本実施形態では、二次過熱器入口設定温度は、二次過熱器３の過熱管における高温腐食の発生を防止できる程度の低い温度に設定されている。二次過熱器入口設定温度は所定の温度幅をもつ温度範囲として設定されていてもよい。一次減温器９からの十分な量の冷却水によって過熱蒸気が十分に減温されることにより、二次過熱器３がボイラ内で高温下に配されていても、二次過熱器３の過熱管の管壁が過剰に高温となることがなくなり、二次過熱器３の過熱管の高温腐食が良好に防止される。また、二次過熱器３の過熱管の管壁の温度が下がることにより、排ガスとの温度差が大きくなり伝熱率が高くなる効果がある。 In the present embodiment, the secondary superheater inlet set temperature is set to a temperature low enough to prevent the occurrence of high temperature corrosion in the superheater of the secondary superheater 3. The secondary superheater inlet set temperature may be set as a temperature range having a predetermined temperature range. By sufficiently reducing the temperature of the superheated steam by a sufficient amount of cooling water from the primary reducer 9, even if the secondary superheater 3 is disposed at a high temperature in the boiler, The tube wall of the superheater tube does not become excessively hot, and high temperature corrosion of the superheater tube of the secondary superheater 3 is well prevented. In addition, the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas is increased by lowering the temperature of the tube wall of the superheater of the secondary superheater 3, so that the heat transfer rate is increased.
二次制御装置１６は、三次過熱器出口設定温度から三次過熱器出口温度計１４の計測温度を差し引いて三次過熱器出口温度差を算出し、該三次過熱器出口温度差をなくすように、すなわち、三次過熱器出口温度が所定の三次過熱器出口設定温度となるように、二次流量調整弁１３の開度を調整して、二次減温器１２での冷却水の供給量を制御する。
The
本実施形態では、三次過熱器出口設定温度は、三次過熱器４から蒸気だめへ送出される過熱蒸気が十分な熱エネルギーを保有することを可能とする程度の高温に設定されている。なお、上記三次過熱器出口設定温度は所定の温度幅をもつ温度範囲として設定されていてもよい。 In this embodiment, the tertiary superheater outlet set temperature is set to such a high temperature as to allow the superheated steam delivered from the tertiary superheater 4 to the steam reservoir to have sufficient thermal energy. The set temperature at the outlet of the third superheater may be set as a temperature range having a predetermined temperature range.
本実施形態では、二次過熱器入口温度および三次過熱器出口温度に基づいて、すなわち過熱蒸気の温度のみに基づいて各減温器９，１２からの冷却水の供給量が調整されるようになっているので、従来のように過熱蒸気の温度のみならず過熱器の管壁の温度にも基づいて冷却水の供給量が調整される場合と比べて、制御工程が簡単となり、コストを抑制できる。また、本実施形態では、上記管壁の温度を計測するための温度計をボイラ内で高温下に配する必要がないので、該温度計が損傷するという事態が生じることがない。 In this embodiment, based on the secondary superheater inlet temperature and the tertiary superheater outlet temperature, that is, based on only the temperature of the superheated steam, the amount of cooling water supplied from each of the coolers 9 and 12 is adjusted. As compared with the conventional case where the amount of cooling water supplied is adjusted based on the temperature of the superheated steam as well as the temperature of the superheated steam as in the prior art, the control process is simplified and the cost is suppressed. it can. Further, in the present embodiment, there is no need to place a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the tube wall at a high temperature in the boiler, so that the thermometer will not be damaged.
本実施形態では、一次過熱器２，二次過熱器３そして三次過熱器４の合計三つの過熱器が直列に配されていることとしたが、これに代えて、一次過熱器と二次過熱器との間や二次過熱器３と三次過熱器４との間に他の過熱器が直列に配されていてもよい。 In the present embodiment, a total of three superheaters of the first superheater 2, the second superheater 3 and the third superheater 4 are arranged in series, but instead, the first superheater and the second superheater are provided instead Other superheaters may be disposed in series between the heat exchanger and the secondary superheater 3 and the secondary superheater 3.
１ 過熱装置
２ 一次過熱器
３ 二次過熱器
４ 三次過熱器
９ 一次減温器
１１ 二次過熱器入口温度計
１２ 二次減温器
１４ 三次過熱器出口温度計
１５ 一次制御装置
１６ 二次制御装置
Reference Signs List 1 superheater 2 primary superheater 3 secondary superheater 4 tertiary superheater 9 primary reducer 11 secondary superheater inlet thermometer 12
Claims (1)
上記複数の過熱器は、過熱装置外から供給される蒸気を過熱して過熱蒸気を生成する一次過熱器と、該一次過熱器よりも高温下に配され該一次過熱器を経た過熱蒸気を過熱する二次過熱器と、該二次過熱器よりも低温下に配され該二次過熱器を経た過熱蒸気を過熱した後に過熱装置外へ送る三次過熱器とを有している過熱装置において、
上記二次過熱器に送られる過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給して該過熱蒸気を減温する一次減温器と、
一次減温器で減温され二次過熱器に送られる過熱蒸気の温度である二次過熱器入口温度を計測する二次過熱器入口温度計と、
上記二次過熱器入口温度が所定の温度幅をもつ温度範囲若しくは目標値として、二次過熱器の過熱管における高温腐食発生防止可能温度より低い、予め設定された二次過熱器入口設定温度となるように、上記二次過熱器入口設定温度から上記二次過熱器入口温度計の計測温度を差し引いた二次過熱器入口温度差のみに基いて上記一次減温器での冷却水の供給量を調整する一次制御装置と、
上記三次過熱器に送られる過熱蒸気に冷却水を供給して該過熱蒸気を減温する二次減温器と、
上記三次過熱器で過熱され過熱装置外へ送られる過熱蒸気の温度である三次過熱器出口温度を計測する三次過熱器出口温度計と、
上記三次過熱器出口温度が所定の温度幅をもつ温度範囲若しくは目標値として予め設定された三次過熱器出口設定温度となるように、上記三次過熱器入口設定温度から上記三次過熱器出口温度計の計測温度を差し引いた三次過熱器出口温度差のみに基いて上記二次減温器での冷却水の供給量を調整する二次制御装置とを備えることを特徴とする過熱装置。 A superheater provided in a boiler that recovers heat from exhaust gas discharged from a waste treatment furnace, and in which a plurality of superheaters superheats steam in the superheater pipe by heat exchange with the exhaust gas is disposed in series,
The plurality of superheaters superheat the steam supplied from the outside of the superheater to generate superheated steam, and superheat the superheated steam which is disposed at a higher temperature than the first superheater and passes through the first superheater. A superheater having a secondary superheater, and a tertiary superheater disposed at a temperature lower than the secondary superheater, and superheating the superheated steam passed through the secondary superheater and sending it out of the superheater;
A primary temperature reducer which supplies cooling water to the superheated steam sent to the secondary superheater to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam;
A secondary superheater inlet thermometer that measures the secondary superheater inlet temperature, which is the temperature of the superheated steam that is reduced by the primary reducer and sent to the secondary superheater;
As a temperature range or target value at which the secondary superheater inlet temperature has a predetermined temperature range, a preset secondary superheater inlet set temperature lower than a temperature capable of preventing occurrence of high temperature corrosion in a superheater tube of the secondary superheater Thus, the amount of cooling water supplied by the primary reducer based only on the temperature difference at the secondary superheater inlet obtained by subtracting the measured temperature of the secondary superheater inlet thermometer from the set temperature at the secondary superheater inlet. Primary controller to adjust the
A secondary temperature reducer which supplies cooling water to the superheated steam sent to the third superheater to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam;
A third superheater outlet thermometer which measures a third superheater outlet temperature which is a temperature of superheated steam which is heated by the third superheater and sent out of the superheater;
As described above tertiary superheater outlet temperature is preset tertiary superheater outlet temperature setting as the temperature range or a target value with a predetermined temperature range, from the tertiary superheater inlet temperature setting of the tertiary superheater outlet thermometer And a secondary control device for adjusting the amount of cooling water supplied to the secondary reducer based only on the difference in temperature at the outlet of the tertiary superheater from which the measured temperature has been subtracted .
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