JP6495737B2 - Decelerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes a speed reducer, particularly a housing, a speed reduction mechanism including at least first and second gears that are rotatably accommodated and supported in the housing and mesh with each other, and grease for lubricating the speed reduction mechanism. Related to the reducer.

  In the speed reducer, the grease applied to the outer peripheral tooth portion of the worm wheel (first gear) is pushed out to the side surface of the worm wheel by the meshing of the worm wheel and the worm (second gear), and the meshing portion There is a possibility that the lubricity with respect to will deteriorate early.

  Therefore, in order to replenish grease to the outer peripheral tooth portion of the worm wheel, grease guiding means for guiding the grease pushed out to the side surface of the worm wheel by the meshing to the outer peripheral tooth portion side of the wheel according to the rotation of the worm wheel. What is provided is known (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-69476 A

  However, the grease guiding means includes a first section portion that gradually narrows the facing interval with the outer peripheral side surface of the worm wheel toward one side in the circumferential direction, and a second section portion that minimizes the facing interval. The surrounding members provided side by side are used. The surrounding member gradually throttles the grease pushed out to the side surface of the worm wheel between the first section and the side surface of the wheel as the worm wheel rotates, and the squeezing effect is maximized (that is, the facing interval is minimized). In the second section portion, the grease is guided to be pushed directly into the tooth gap from the outer end (tooth end) in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the wheel along the tooth width direction.

  In such a grease guiding method, the grease can be replenished only to a portion close to the outer end (tooth end) in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the worm wheel, and the large amount of grease replenished at the corner angle. Since the portion is immediately pushed to the side of the wheel due to the engagement of the worm wheel and the worm, the effect of supplying grease could not be sufficiently expected.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reduction gear that can solve the problems of the conventional reduction gears with a simple structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a housing, a speed reduction mechanism including at least first and second gears rotatably received and supported in the housing and meshing with each other, and a lubricant for lubricating the speed reduction mechanism. In the speed reducer comprising grease and grease guiding means for guiding the grease adhering to the side surface of the first gear to the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear according to the rotation of the first gear in one direction, the grease guiding means Is provided on the housing adjacent to one side surface of the first gear, and scrapes the grease on the one side as the first gear rotates in the one direction, And a rear surface in the vertical direction that is connected to the upper end of the scraping surface, and the scraping surface is more than a horizontal line that passes through the rotation axis when viewed on the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the first gear. Upward and rotation of the first gear in the one direction First, is arranged on the front side of the engagement portion of the second gear in the inner surface, a first inner surface extending upward from the upper end portion of the scraping surface, of at least the first gear from the first inner face portion A second back surface portion extending to a position directly above the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion, and at least a part of the grease that has traveled up the first back surface portion with the scraping action of the grease by the scraping surface. The first characteristic is that the flow is transmitted to the second back surface portion side and can be dropped from the lower end edge of the second back surface portion to the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear.

  In the present invention, the “intermediate portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear” refers to a central portion in the tooth width direction that is equidistant from the one end and the other end in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion. For example, an intermediate portion that is spaced inward from the one end and the other end in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion, and an intermediate portion that is offset from the center portion to one side in the tooth width direction is also included. included.

  In addition to the first feature described above, the present invention is further provided with the scraping surface and the first back surface portion connected to the side end opposite to the first gear so that the grease is scraped by the scraping surface. A second feature is that it includes a lateral surface that prevents the grease that sequentially travels along the scraping surface and the first back surface portion from flowing out to the side opposite to the first gear side.

According to the present invention, in addition to the first or second feature, the first gear is a worm wheel that rotates about a horizontal axis, and the second gear is arranged on the outer peripheral tooth portion of the worm wheel. The scraping surface is one side of a vertical plane including the rotation axis when the scraping surface is viewed from a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the second gear, and the outer peripheral tooth portion of the second gear is on the upper side. to a third feature and Turkey arranged on the side of the rotating down from.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the third feature, a shaft portion that integrally extends coaxially from one axial end surface of the second gear is rotatably penetrated through the rear surface. Features.

The present invention also includes a housing, a speed reduction mechanism including at least first and second gears rotatably received and supported in the housing and meshing with each other, grease for lubricating the speed reduction mechanism, and a first gear. A reduction gear including a grease guiding means for guiding the grease adhering to the side surface to an outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear according to the rotation of the first gear in one direction, wherein the grease guiding means is one of the first gears. A scraping surface which is provided in the housing so as to be adjacent to a side surface and scrapes and spreads grease on the one side as the first gear rotates in the one direction; and an upper end portion of the scraping surface. A back surface extending in the vertical direction, the back surface extending upward from an upper end of the scraping surface, and at least an outer peripheral tooth of the first gear from the first back surface. Extends to a position directly above the middle portion of the tooth width direction At least a portion of the grease that has traveled along the first back surface portion in accordance with the scraping action of the grease by the scraping surface and then flows to the second back surface portion side, and the second back surface portion. The scraping surface is a horizontal line passing through the rotation axis when viewed from a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the first gear. From the intersecting portion of the scraping surface with respect to the tangent line of the first gear passing through the intersecting portion, which is an upward non-vertical surface intersecting the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear at the intersecting portion above A fifth feature is that the scraping surface is inclined so that the radially outer side portion is on the front side in the rotational direction of the first gear than the inner side portion.

As described above, according to the present invention, the grease guiding means of the speed reducer is provided in the housing so as to be adjacent to one side surface of the first gear, and scrapes off the grease on the one side surface as the first gear rotates. The scraping surface to be propagated through, the rear surface in the vertical direction connected to the upper end of the scraping surface, and the side surface of the scraping surface and the rear surface opposite to the first gear and a vertical inner surface that will be, deep surface includes a first inner surface extending upward from the upper end portion of the scraping surface, the tooth width direction intermediate the outer peripheral tooth portion of the at least first gear from the first inner face portion And the second back surface portion extending to a position directly above the portion, the grease pushed out and attached to the side surface of the first gear by the meshing of the first and second gears has a scraping surface as the first gear rotates. By exhibiting the scraping action, the scraping surface and the first back surface portion of the back surface are sequentially conveyed, At least a part of the grease that travels is directed to the second back surface side by being restrained from flowing upward by the action of gravity, and further flows down the second back surface part by the action of gravity, Finally, it falls from the lower end edge of the second back surface portion to the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear. Therefore, the grease pushed out to the side surface side of the first gear by the meshing can be efficiently guided and supplied to the middle portion in the width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear, and the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion. Since it is possible to effectively prevent the grease from being biased and replenished in the vicinity of the outer end (tooth surface end), the replenished grease can be effectively utilized over a wide range in the tooth width direction for lubrication of the meshing portions of both gears. In addition, the scraping surfaces are first and second when the first gear is rotated in the one direction above the horizontal line passing through the rotation axis as seen on the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the first gear. Since it is arranged on the front side of the meshing portion of the gear, when the second gear, and hence the first gear, is reversed, immediately after the reverse rotation, the falling grease from the lower end of the rear surface is removed from the second gear of the first gear. The meshing portion can be quickly returned to the meshing portion, and the meshing portion can be effectively lubricated from the beginning of the reverse rotation.

  Further, in particular, according to the second feature of the present invention, the grease that sequentially travels along the scraping surface and the first back surface portion with the scraping action of the scraping surface flows out to the side opposite to the first gear side. Since it further includes a lateral surface for blocking, the flow of grease that sequentially travels along the first rear surface portion of the scraping surface and the rear surface to the side opposite to the first gear side is effectively suppressed by the lateral surface, Accordingly, more grease can be directed to the second back surface portion side, and can be supplied more efficiently to the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the first gear.

In particular, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the scraping surface is located on one side of the vertical plane including the rotation axis when viewed from the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the worm (second gear). Since the outer peripheral teeth of the worm wheel are arranged on the side rotating from top to bottom, the outer peripheral teeth of the worm, in particular, on the side where the outer peripheral teeth of the worm rotate from top to bottom (that is, more grease is pushed out and adheres). The scraping surface adjacent to the side surface of the side) can effectively scrape the grease, so that the grease can be guided and replenished more efficiently to the intermediate portion in the width direction of the wheel outer peripheral tooth portion .

  In particular, according to the fourth feature of the present invention, the shaft portion extending integrally coaxially from one end surface in the axial direction of the worm (second gear) penetrates the back surface in a freely rotatable manner. When the grease that has traveled down the back surface comes into contact with the shaft portion of the worm, the grease moves toward the vertical surface including the rotation axis of the worm (that is, the outer peripheral tooth portion of the worm wheel). To the intermediate portion in the tooth width direction), and thereby, the replenishment can be more efficiently guided to the intermediate portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion.

  In particular, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the scraping surface is seen at a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the first gear, and the first gear at the intersection above the horizontal line passing through the rotation axis. The outer non-vertical surface intersecting the outer peripheral tooth portion and the scraping surface of the scraping surface is radially inward from the intersecting portion with respect to the tangent line of the first gear passing through the intersection portion. Since the scraping surface is inclined so as to be on the front side in the rotation direction of the first gear with respect to the portion, the scraping surface scrapes off the grease that has been scraped with the rotation of the first gear on the way. The scraping surface and the first back surface portion of the back surface can be successively and smoothly transferred, and the grease passes from the first back surface portion to the second back surface portion to the intermediate portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion of the wheel. On the other hand, it is possible to perform replenishment more efficiently.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is an example of the dump truck which used 1st Embodiment of the reduction gear concerning this invention for the seat opening / closing drive by an electric motor, Comprising: (A) is a whole side view of a dump truck, (B) is a rear view of a dump truck. It is a BB arrow line view of Drawing 1 (A). Enlarged perspective view of part 2 of FIG. 3-3 sectional view of FIG. Sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. Sectional view along line 5-5 in FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in which part of FIG. Sectional view along line 7-7 in FIG. 8A is a plan view (corresponding to FIG. 7), FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 8A, and FIG. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of 8 (A). Explanatory drawing which shows simply the various setting examples of the scraping surface Fk with respect to the worm wheel W1 The principal part sectional drawing of 2nd Embodiment of the reduction gear which concerns on this invention is shown, Comprising: (A) is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 7, (B) is corresponding drawing of the partial expanded sectional view in FIG. Single view of reduction gear housing of the second embodiment (corresponding to FIG. 8) Sectional drawing of the principal part of the worm wheel single-piece | unit which shows 3rd Embodiment of the reduction gear based on this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on examples of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a cargo box 2 is pivotally supported on the body frame 1 of the dump truck so as to be tiltable. The cargo box 2 is forcibly tilted backward between the cargo box 2 and the body frame 1. A known drive mechanism (not shown) is interposed. A pair of left and right sheets S that can respectively cover the left and right outer sides of the open upper surface of the packing box 2 are attached to the upper edge portions of the left and right side plates 3 and 3 of the packing box 2, respectively. The sheet S is composed of a sheet material 4 such as cloth, and a rectangular frame-like sheet frame 5 that holds the sheet material 4 in a predetermined rectangular shape, and the base end of the sheet frame 5 extending in the front-rear direction. The shaft portion 5 a is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearing portions 6 provided at intervals on the upper edge portions of the left and right plates 3 and 3.

  An output shaft Mj of an electric motor M attached to the front end portion of the cargo box 2 is interlocked and connected to the base end shaft portion 5 a via a speed reducer 7. Therefore, when the motor M is rotationally driven in one direction (for example, forward rotation direction), the seat S is suspended from the bearing portion 6 and extends from the open position A extending along the outer surface of the side plate 3. Through the intermediate horizontal position B extending in the direction and the intermediate standing position C standing upright from the bearing portion 6, it can be forcibly closed and swung to the closing position D extending inwardly from the bearing portion 6. In addition, when the motor M is rotationally driven in another direction (for example, the reverse direction), the sheet S can be forcibly opened and swung through the reverse path.

  Thus, the seat S is driven to open and close by the electric motor M via the speed reducer 7, and if this is held in the closed position D in particular, the loaded earth and sand in the cargo box 2 when the dump truck is traveling. And the like can be effectively prevented from falling, and if held in the open position A, it is possible to avoid the sheet S from interfering with work when loading earth and sand in the packing box 2.

  Next, the structure of the speed reducer 7 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. The speed reducer 7 includes a metal housing H and a speed reduction mechanism R accommodated in the housing H. The housing H includes a box-shaped housing body Hm partially opened at one end and the other end, and a cover that is detachably fastened to the housing body Hm so as to close both open ends of the housing body Hm. The motor body of the electric motor M is detachably coupled to the housing body Hm.

  The speed reduction mechanism R is composed of a worm gear mechanism Rw that is connected to the output shaft Mj of the electric motor M and performs primary reduction, and a plurality of spur gears that are connected to the output side (worm wheel W1 described later) of the worm gear mechanism Rw and perform secondary reduction. And a gear train Rg. The rotating shaft 11 that rotates integrally with the output gear 10 of the gear train Rg extends out of the housing H, and the extended end portion thereof is interlocked and connected to the base end shaft portion 5 a of the seat frame 5.

  The worm gear mechanism Rw is a worm wheel W1 as a first gear that is rotatably accommodated in the housing H so as to be rotatable about the horizontal axis L1, and a housing that is disposed above the worm wheel W1 and is also rotatable around the horizontal axis L2. And a worm W2 as a second gear accommodated and supported by H. An outer peripheral tooth portion W2g having a spiral groove shape of the worm W meshes with an outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 at an upper portion of the wheel W1. Thus, the worm wheel W1 is arranged in a vertical posture because the rotation axis L1 thereof is arranged to extend horizontally.

  Further, shaft portions W2j and W2j ′ extending coaxially from both end surfaces are integrally formed on one end surface and the other end surface of the worm W2 in the axial direction, and both shaft portions W2j and W2j ′ are formed on the housing body Hm. Are fitted and supported via bearings b and b 'on first and second support wall portions Hb and Hb' which are suspended integrally with the inner wall of the worm W, particularly the ceiling wall and are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the worm W. The Then, one shaft portion W2j ′ of the worm W2 is interlocked and connected to the output shaft Mj of the electric motor M via the joint J on the same axis.

  Further, first and second inclined ribs 13 and 13 'for forming a scraping surface Fk, which will be described later, are integrally connected to lower ends of the first and second support wall portions Hb and Hb'. The inclined ribs 13 and 13 ′ are inclined downward toward the center side of the worm wheel W.

  Further, in the housing H of the speed reducer 7, the grease g for lubricating the speed reduction mechanism R and the grease g adhering to one side W1s of the worm wheel W1 are rotated in one direction of the worm wheel W1 (illustrated example). The first grease guiding means G for guiding to the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 according to the normal rotation) and the grease g adhering to the other side surface W1s ′ of the worm wheel W1 rotating in the other direction of the worm wheel W1 ( And second grease guiding means G ′ for guiding the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 in accordance with the reverse rotation in the illustrated example.

  The grease g is stored in the grease reservoir T at the bottom of the housing H up to a predetermined level Lg higher than the lower end of the worm wheel W1, but as is well known, the grease g is viscous and has a relatively low fluidity. For this reason, even if the stored grease sufficiently adheres to the outer peripheral tooth portion W1 of the worm wheel W1 at the initial rotation of the worm wheel W1, if the rotation continues, the upper surface of the stored grease corresponds to the outer peripheral portion of the worm wheel W1. Since scraping marks such as wrinkles are generated and do not return immediately, there is a possibility that the grease replenishing effect to the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 by the stored grease may be reduced. From this point of view, there is a technical significance in which the first and second grease guiding means G and G ′ are provided to replenish the grease.

  The first grease guiding means G is provided in the housing H so as to be adjacent to one side surface W1s of the worm wheel W1, and the grease on the one side surface W1s as the worm wheel W1 rotates in the one direction (ie, normal rotation). The scraping surface Fk that scrapes off and propagates, the vertical back surface Fv connected to the upper end of the scraping surface Fk, and the worm wheel W1 of the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv And a lateral surface Fs connected to the opposite side end. As will be described later, the lateral surface Fs prevents the grease that sequentially travels along the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv from flowing out to the side opposite to the worm wheel W1 side with the scraping action of the scraping surface Fk. To function.

  On the other hand, the second grease guiding means G ′ has basically the same structure as the first grease guiding means G, but the arrangement of the components of the second grease guiding means G ′ is the same as that of the first grease guiding means G. The arrangement configuration of each component has a substantially point-symmetrical positional relationship with respect to the center of the worm wheel W in a plan view.

  That is, the second grease guiding means G ′ is provided in the housing H so as to be adjacent to the other side surface W1s ′ of the worm wheel W1, and the other side surface W1s in accordance with the rotation (ie, reverse rotation) of the worm wheel W1 in the other direction. A scraping surface Fk that scrapes and spreads the grease on the top, a back surface Fv in the vertical direction connected to the upper end of the scraping surface Fk, and a worm of the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv The side surface Fs is provided at a side end opposite to the wheel W1, and the function of the side surface Fs is the same as the function of the side surface Fs of the first grease guiding means G.

  In the first grease guiding means G, the scraping surface Fk is formed on the inner wall of the housing body Hm, in particular, the upward inclined surface of the first inclined rib 13 extending obliquely downward from the lower end of the first support wall portion Hb, and the inner surface Fv. Is formed on the inner wall of the housing main body Hm, particularly the vertical inner surface of the first support wall Hb, and the lateral surface Fs is formed on the inner surface of the side wall Hms on one side of the housing main body Hm with the worm wheel W interposed therebetween. Is done.

  On the other hand, in the second grease guiding means G ′, the scraping surface Fk is formed on the upward inclined surface of the second inclined rib 13 ′ extending obliquely downward from the lower end of the second support wall portion Hb ′, and the back surface Fv is The second support wall Hb ′ is formed on the vertical inner surface, and the lateral surface Fs is formed on the inner surface of the other side wall Hms ′ across the worm wheel W of the housing body Hm.

  In each grease guiding means G, G ′, the back surface Fv includes a first back surface portion Fv1 extending upward from the upper end portion of the scraping surface Fk, and at least an outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 from the first back surface portion Fv1. And a second back surface portion Fv2 extending to a position directly above the middle portion in the tooth width direction. Then, as will be described later, the grease scraped by the scraping surface Fk during the rotation of the worm wheel W1 and transmitted to the first back surface portion Fv1 flows to the second back surface portion Fv2 side, and further, the grease of the second back surface portion Fv2 From the lower end edge e, it is possible to fall to the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 existing immediately below the lower end edge e.

  Thus, the back surface Fv is above the horizontal line Lh passing through the rotation axis L1 when viewed from the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1, and the second back surface portion Fv2 is It is located above the wheel W1 and is disposed within the width of the worm wheel W1 in the axial direction of the worm W2 (that is, within a range sandwiched by vertical lines passing through one end and the other end of the worm wheel W1). Moreover, in the present embodiment, the second back surface portion Fv2 extends in the tooth width direction so as to cross not only the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 but also the entire tooth width direction in the tooth width direction. Yes.

  Further, the shaft portions W2j and W2j ′ of the worm W2 pass through the second back surface portion Fv2, and the circular recess 16 formed in the second back surface portion Fv2 so as to surround the through portion has a worm W2 The bearings b and b 'for rotatably supporting the corresponding shaft portions W2j and W2j' are respectively fitted.

  In each grease guiding means G, G ′, the scraping surface Fk is seen at the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1, and the worm wheel at the intersection X above the horizontal line Lh passing through the rotation axis L1. It is an upward non-vertical surface that intersects with the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of W1, and with respect to the tangent Lt of the outer periphery circle of the worm wheel W1 passing through the intersection portion X, the scraping surface Fk has a diameter from the intersection portion X. The outer side portion Fko in the direction is in front of the inner side portion Fki in the rotational direction of the worm wheel W1 (for example, the left side in FIG. 6 when the worm wheel W1 is rotated forward and the right side in FIG. 6 when the worm wheel W1 is rotated forward). The chamfer Fk is inclined.

  Further, the scraping surface Fk is one side of a vertical plane including the rotation axis L2 when viewed from a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2, and the outer peripheral tooth portion W2g of the worm W2 is from top to bottom. The worm wheel W1 is disposed on the rotating side (for example, the left side in FIG. 5 when the worm wheel W1 rotates in the forward direction and the right side in FIG. 5 when the worm wheel W1 rotates in the reverse direction). In the direction in which the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g rotates and moves at the meshing portion I with the worm W2, the front side of the meshing portion I (for example, the left side in FIG. 3 when the worm wheel W1 is rotating forward and the right side in FIG. Placed in.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The speed reduction mechanism R connected to the output shaft Mj of the electric motor M decelerates the motor output and transmits it to the seat frame 5 to drive the opening and closing of the seat S. When the speed reduction is performed, first, the worm gear mechanism Rw performs the primary operation. Deceleration is performed, and further, secondary deceleration is performed by the gear train Rg connected to the output side of the worm gear mechanism Rw, that is, the worm wheel W.

  Thus, when the electric motor M is rotated forward, the worm W2 and the worm wheel W1 in the worm gear mechanism Rw that performs primary deceleration in conjunction with the electric motor M are also in the forward rotation state (see white arrows in FIGS. 6 and 7). . In this case, the grease g of the grease reservoir T at the bottom of the housing H adheres to the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1, and a part of the adhered grease further accompanies the engagement between the worm wheel W1 and the worm W2. It also adheres to the outer peripheral tooth portion W2. The grease adhering to the outer peripheral tooth portion W2 of the worm W2 rotates around once together with the worm W2 and returns to the meshing portion I between the worm wheel W1 and the worm W2, and the narrow tooth surface of the meshing portion I. Since it is difficult to enter the gap, the meshing portion I pushes out to one side W1s of the worm wheel W1 (that is, the side surface on the side where the outer peripheral tooth portion W2g of the worm W2 rotates from top to bottom toward the meshing portion I). End up.

  The grease adhering to the outer peripheral tooth portion W2 of the worm W2 due to the engagement between the worm wheel W1 and the worm W2 is easily pushed out to the one side surface W1s of the worm wheel W1 as shown by the arrow a1 in FIG. If it is as it is, there is a possibility that the grease which should lubricate the meshing part I of the worm wheel W1 and the worm W2 will be insufficient at an early stage.

  However, in the speed reduction mechanism R of the present embodiment, the grease is pushed toward the one side W1s side of the worm wheel W1 by the meshing, adheres to the side surface W1s, and rotates with the wheel W1. The scraping surface Fk whose edges are close to each other continuously exhibits the scraping action. As a result, the grease that has been scraped one after another and accumulated on the scraping surface Fk is pushed up from below by the newly scraped grease, and then travels on the scraping surface Fk (see arrow a2 in FIG. 6). From there, the first back surface portion Fv1 of the back surface Fv is further conveyed in the same manner.

  Thus, the grease scraped off by the scraping surface Fk sequentially travels along the scraping surface Fk and the first back surface portion Fv1 of the back surface Fv. At this time, the grease is transferred to the worm wheel W1 by the lateral surface Fs. Since the flow to the side is suppressed and the upward flow is suppressed by the action of gravity, the direction is gradually changed to the second back surface portion Fv2 side as shown by the arrow a3 in FIG. 6 (that is, the worm wheel W1 side). To the side). At this time, when grease flows to the worm wheel W1 side (second back surface portion Fv2) on the back surface Fv, in particular, from the upper end of the scraping surface Fk on the worm wheel W1 side, the scraping surface Fk is below that. Since the grease does not exist, the grease that has reached the second back surface portion Fv2 is not subjected to the pushing-up action by the scraping grease, and therefore, it moves down the second back surface portion Fv2 obliquely downward by the action of gravity. In this case, a part of the grease traveling down the second back surface portion Fv2 further enters the circular recess 16 of the second back surface portion Fv2 and lubricates the bearings b and b ', and then the second back surface on the lower side. It travels down the surface part Fv2. Thus, the grease that has traveled down the second back surface portion Fv2 finally has a tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 from the lower end edge e of the second back surface portion Fv2, as shown by an arrow a4 in FIG. Fall to the middle part.

  Accordingly, the grease pushed out to the one side W1s side of the worm wheel W1 by the meshing can be efficiently guided and supplied to the intermediate portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1, so that the worm as in the conventional device described above It is possible to effectively prevent the grease from being biased and replenished in the vicinity of the outer end (tooth surface end) in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the wheel W1, and the replenishment grease can be widely used for lubricating the meshing portion I. It is possible to use it effectively. In this case, in particular, the scraping surface Fk is one side of the vertical surface Lv including the rotation axis L2 when viewed from the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2, and the outer peripheral tooth portion W2g of the worm W2 is from above. Since it is disposed adjacent to the side surface W1s on the side that rotates downward (that is, the side on which more grease is pushed out and attached from the meshing portion I), the grease can be scraped more effectively. It becomes possible to guide replenishment more efficiently with respect to the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the wheel outer peripheral tooth portion W1g.

  Moreover, the scraping surface Fk is meshed in the direction in which the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the wheel W1 rotates at the meshing portion I with the worm W2 when viewed on the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1. It is arranged in front of the part I (for example, the left side in FIG. 3 when the worm wheel W1 is rotated forward). Therefore, when the worm W2 and therefore the worm wheel W1 are reversed in accordance with the reverse rotation of the electric motor M, immediately after the reverse rotation, the falling grease from the lower end of the second rear surface portion Fv2 of the rear surface Fv is removed from the worm W2 of the worm wheel W1. The meshing portion I can be quickly returned to the meshing portion I, and the meshing portion I can be effectively lubricated from the beginning of the reverse rotation.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the shaft portion W2j that extends coaxially and integrally from the one axial end surface of the worm W2 passes through the back surface Fv, in particular, the second back surface portion Fv2, so that it can rotate freely. When the grease that has traveled down the surface portion Fv2 (and further enters the circular recess 16 of the second back surface portion Fv2 in this embodiment) contacts the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion W2j of the worm W2, it rubs against the shaft portion W2j. Then, the grease that is about to rotate with the shaft portion W2j is effectively guided to the side toward the vertical surface Lv including the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2 (that is, the side toward the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the wheel outer peripheral tooth portion W1g). In addition, it is possible to guide and replenish more efficiently with respect to the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g.

  By the way, the scraping surface Fk intersects with the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 at the intersection X above the horizontal line Lh passing through the rotation axis L1 when viewed on the projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1. In this embodiment, in addition to this condition, in addition to this condition, as an additional condition for reliably transferring the grease on the scraping surface Fk as the worm wheel W1 rotates, With respect to the outer peripheral tangent Lt of the worm wheel W1 passing through the intersection X, the scraping surface Fk has a radially outer side portion Fko from the intersection X and a rotational direction front side of the worm wheel W1 relative to the inner side portion Fki. The scraping surface Fk is inclined (see FIGS. 6 and 9) so that Then, according to the setting conditions of the scraping surface Fk, the scraping surface Fk and the scraping surface Fk that the scraping surface Fk scrapes along with the rotation of the worm wheel W1 do not drop or stagnate on the way. It is possible to smoothly and surely propagate to the first back surface portion Fv1 of the back surface Fv.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9 in a simplified manner, the intersecting portion X is positioned in the direction along the axis L2 of the worm W2 in the rotational direction front side of the worm wheel W1 (that is, the worm wheel). 3, 6, and 9, which is located on the left side in FIGS. 3, 6, and 9, the intersection X is on the opposite side, that is, along the axis L <b> 2 of the worm W <b> 2. It is also conceivable that the worm wheel W1 is set on the rear side in the rotational direction (that is, on the right side in FIGS. 3, 6 and 9 when the worm wheel W1 is rotated forward) and set under the same conditions as the above-mentioned setting conditions. An example of the setting is simply shown in FIG.

In this case, the crossing portion X is at a low position relatively close to the horizontal line Lh, and the scraping surface Fk, which is an upward inclined surface, particularly faces the front side in the rotational direction of the worm wheel W1 (that is, the crossing portion X). In the case where the inclination direction with respect to the vertical line passing through is a direction opposite to the setting example of the present embodiment, that is, an arrangement that is inclined upward to the right in FIG. 9), the scraping surface Fk is temporarily short and the upper side of the horizontal line Lh. If it exists only in the surface, it is substantially difficult to scrape off the grease on the outer peripheral portion of one side surface W1s of the worm wheel W1 with the scraping surface Fk. Therefore, in such an arrangement, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the lower end of the scraping surface Fk is sufficiently long below the horizontal line Lh (that is, the outer peripheral portion of the lower half of one side W1s of the worm wheel W1). Extend (close to) .

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the first embodiment, the grease guiding means G and G ′ are disposed adjacent to one side W1s of the worm wheel W1 and scrape and propagate the grease on the one side W1s as the worm wheel W1 rotates. In addition to the chamfering surface Fk and the vertical back surface Fv connected to the upper end of the scraping surface Fk, the outer end of the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv opposite to the worm wheel W1. Is provided with a lateral surface Fs that prevents the grease that sequentially travels along the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv from flowing out to the side opposite to the worm wheel W1, and the first and second back surfaces. Both Fv1 and Fv2 are illustrated as being substantially vertical surfaces orthogonal to the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2. On the other hand, in the grease guiding means G and G ′ of the second embodiment, the outer ends of the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv are separated from the inner surfaces of both side walls Hms and Hms ′ of the housing body Hm. Although the inner surfaces of Hms and Hms ′ are not functioning as the lateral surface Fs (that is, they do not have the lateral surface Fs), the first back surface portion Fv1 of the back surface Fv is particularly perpendicular to the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2. It is inclined with respect to the vertical plane in such a direction that the grease that sequentially travels along the scraping surface Fk and the first back surface portion Fv1 can be guided to the second back surface portion Fv2. That is, the first back surface portion Fv1 has an outer periphery of the worm W2 in a direction along the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2 when viewed in plan view with respect to the vertical surface (see FIGS. 10A and 11A). It is formed in the inclined surface which inclined in the side which approaches this rotational axis L2 toward the direction away from the tooth | gear part W2g.

  In the grease guiding means G and G ′ according to the second embodiment, since there is no lateral surface Fs, the grease that sequentially propagates along the scraping surface Fk and the first back surface portion Fv1 by the grease scraping action of the scraping surface Fk. However, it is not possible to reliably prevent the worm wheel W1 from flowing out to the opposite side, and some of the grease may fall from the outer ends of the scraping surface Fk and the back surface Fv. Most of the grease can be guided while changing the direction toward the second back surface portion Fv2 by the guiding and guiding action of the first back surface portion Fv1 inclined as described above. Therefore, substantially the same function and effect as the grease guiding means G and G ′ of the first embodiment can be achieved.

Although the first and second embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the one applied to the speed reducer 7 used for the opening / closing drive of the seat S in the dump truck is shown. However, the speed reducer of the present invention is not limited to the use of the embodiment and is used for various uses. Is possible. For example, the present invention can be applied to a reduction gear mounted on various work vehicles other than the dump truck, and can also be implemented as a reduction gear installed in an installation place other than the vehicle or in various mechanical devices.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, seeing the scraping surface Fk in the 1st, 2nd grease guidance | induction means G and G 'in the projection surface orthogonal to the rotating shaft L1 of the worm wheel W1, the outer peripheral tooth part W1g of the wheel W1 is In the direction of rotational movement at the meshing portion I with the worm W2, it is disposed only on the front side of the meshing portion I (for example, the left side in FIG. 3 when the worm wheel W1 is rotating forward and the right side in FIG. 3 when rotating in reverse). Although illustrated, in the present invention, in addition to or instead of this arrangement, as illustrated in the other setting example of FIG. 9, the rear side of the meshing portion I (for example, the right side in FIG. 3 when the worm wheel W1 is rotated forward). Moreover, the scraping surface Fk may be arranged on the left side in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the worm wheel W1 is exemplified as the first gear, and the worm W2 is exemplified as the second gear. However, the first and second gears of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiment. Any of the two gears may be a spur gear.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first grease induction that guides the grease adhering to the one side surface W1s of the worm wheel W1 to the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 according to rotation (for example, normal rotation) in one direction of the worm wheel W1. Means G and second grease guiding means G for guiding the grease adhering to the other side surface W1s' of the worm wheel W1 to the outer peripheral tooth portion W1g of the worm wheel W1 in accordance with the rotation (for example, reverse rotation) of the worm wheel W1 in the other direction. In the present invention, one of the grease guiding means may be omitted.

  In the above embodiment, the forward rotation direction of the worm wheel W1 is set in the counterclockwise direction when viewed from the projection plane (FIG. 3) orthogonal to the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1, but in the present invention, the opposite direction (ie, The clockwise direction (when viewed from the projection plane) may be the forward rotation direction. In this case, the arrangement of the first and second grease guiding means G and G ′ is reversed left and right when viewed on the projection plane (FIG. 3).

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although what used the back surface Fv and the horizontal surface Fs of each grease guidance means G and G 'as a vertical surface was illustrated, those back surfaces Fv and the horizontal surface Fs do not necessarily need to be a vertical surface. For example, it may be a steep slope close to the vertical.

  In the above-described embodiment, the scraping surface Fk, the back surface Fv, and the lateral surface Fs are smoothly connected with a rounded surface. However, in the present invention, the surfaces are bent with each other. May be crossed.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the worm wheel W1 is arranged in a vertical posture with the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1 as the first gear being horizontal, but in the present invention, for example, FIG. As shown in the third embodiment, the rotation axis L1 of the worm wheel W1 may be slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane so that the worm wheel W1 is inclined from the vertical posture. In this case, the “position directly above the intermediate portion in the tooth width direction” of the outer peripheral tooth portion W1 of the worm wheel W1 refers to the outer peripheral teeth of the worm wheel W1 when viewed from the projection plane (FIG. 12) orthogonal to the rotation axis L2 of the worm W2. A region sandwiched between two imaginary lines Le and Le ′ extending vertically upward from both ends in the tooth width direction of the portion W1 and an inner region in the tooth width direction from the imaginary lines Le and Le ′ (that is, the above-described area) It means an area inward from the end of the range and not including the end).

X ··· Intersection Fk ··· scraping surface Fki · · radially inward portion Fko · · scraping surface radially outward from said intersection X Side portion Fs ... Lateral surface Fv ... Back surface Fv1 ... First back surface portion Fv2 ... Second back surface portion e ... Lower end edge G, G 'of second back surface portion Grease induction First and second grease guiding means g as means G ·························· Housing H ······ meshing portion W2j ··· Shaft portion L1 ··· Rotation axis (horizontal axis)
L2... Worm rotation axis Lh as the rotation axis of the second gear. Horizontal line Lt. Tangent R.... Reduction mechanism W1 .. Worm wheel W1g as the first gear. The outer peripheral tooth portion W1s of the worm wheel as the outer peripheral tooth portion of the worm wheel ··· One side surface W2 of the worm wheel as one side surface of the first gear ··· The worm W2g as the second gear · · · The outer peripheral tooth portion of the second gear Worm outer teeth

Claims (5)

A reduction mechanism (R) including at least a housing (H) and first and second gears (W1, W2) that are rotatably accommodated and supported in the housing (H) and mesh with each other, and the reduction mechanism (R) The grease (g) for lubricating the grease and the grease (g) adhering to the side surface of the first gear (W1) are rotated according to the rotation of the first gear (W1) in one direction. In the speed reducer including the grease guiding means (G, G ′) for guiding to the tooth portion (W1g),
The grease guiding means (G, G ′) is provided in the housing (H) so as to be adjacent to one side surface (W1s, W1s ′) of the first gear (W1), and the one gear of the first gear (W1). A scraping surface (Fk) that scrapes and spreads the grease (g) on the one side surface (W1s, W1s ′) with rotation in the direction, and an upper end portion of the scraping surface (Fk). And a vertical back surface (Fv)
The scraping surface (Fk) is above a horizontal line (Lh) passing through the rotation axis (L1) when viewed from a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis (L1) of the first gear (W1), and the first gear ( W1) is disposed on the front side of the meshing portion (I) of the first and second gears (W1, W2) when rotating in the one direction,
The back surface (Fv) includes a first back surface portion (Fv1) extending upward from an upper end portion of the scraping surface (Fk), and at least an outer peripheral tooth of the first gear (W1) from the first back surface portion (Fv1). And a second back surface portion (Fv2) extending to a position directly above the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the portion (W1g), and the first back surface portion (Fv1) in accordance with the grease scraping action by the scraping surface (Fk). At least a part of the grease (g) that has propagated through the air flows to the second back surface portion (Fv2) side, and the outer peripheral teeth of the first gear (W1) from the lower end edge (e) of the second back surface portion (Fv2) A speed reducer that can drop to the middle part in the tooth width direction of the part (W1g).   The scraping surface (Fk) and the first back surface portion (Fv1) are connected to the side end on the opposite side of the first gear (W1), so that the scraping surface (Fk) can remove the grease. Along with this, there is provided a lateral surface (Fs) that prevents the grease (g) that sequentially travels along the scraping surface (Fk) and the first back surface portion (Fv1) from flowing out to the side opposite to the first gear (W1) side. The speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein: The first gear (W1) is a worm wheel that rotates about a horizontal axis (L1), and the second gear (W2) meshes with the outer peripheral tooth portion (W1g) of the worm wheel at the top of the wheel (W1). The scraping surface (Fk) is one side of a vertical plane including the rotation axis (L2) when viewed from a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis (L2) of the second gear (W2). the outer peripheral teeth of the second gear (W2) (W2g) is characterized and Turkey are disposed on the side to rotate from top to bottom Te, speed reducer according to claim 1 or 2.   The shaft portion (W2j) extending coaxially and integrally from the one axial end surface of the second gear (W2) passes through the back surface (Fv) in a rotatable manner. The reducer described. A reduction mechanism (R) including at least a housing (H) and first and second gears (W1, W2) that are rotatably accommodated and supported in the housing (H) and mesh with each other, and the reduction mechanism (R) The grease (g) for lubricating the grease and the grease (g) adhering to the side surface of the first gear (W1) are rotated according to the rotation of the first gear (W1) in one direction. In a speed reducer provided with grease guiding means (G, G ′) for guiding to a tooth portion (W1g),
The grease guiding means (G, G ′) is provided in the housing (H) so as to be adjacent to one side surface (W1s, W1s ′) of the first gear (W1), and the one gear of the first gear (W1). A scraping surface (Fk) that scrapes and spreads the grease (g) on the one side surface (W1s, W1s ′) with rotation in the direction, and an upper end portion of the scraping surface (Fk). And a vertical back surface (Fv)
The back surface (Fv) includes a first back surface portion (Fv1) extending upward from an upper end portion of the scraping surface (Fk), and at least an outer peripheral tooth of the first gear (W1) from the first back surface portion (Fv1). And a second back surface portion (Fv2) extending to a position directly above the middle portion in the tooth width direction of the portion (W1g), and the first back surface portion (Fv1) in accordance with the grease scraping action by the scraping surface (Fk). At least a part of the grease (g) that has propagated through the air flows to the second back surface portion (Fv2) side, and the outer peripheral teeth of the first gear (W1) from the lower end edge (e) of the second back surface portion (Fv2) Can be dropped to the middle part of the tooth width direction of the part (W1g),
The scraping surface (Fk) is an intersection (X) above a horizontal line (Lh) passing through the rotation axis (L1) when viewed on a projection plane orthogonal to the rotation axis (L1) of the first gear (W1). ) With respect to the tangent (Lt) of the first gear (W1) that is an upward non-vertical surface that intersects with the outer peripheral tooth portion (W1g) of the first gear (W1) and passes through the intersection (X). The scraping surface (Fk) is such that the radially outer side portion (Fko) from the intersecting portion (X) is more forward than the inner side portion (Fki) in the rotational direction of the first gear (W1). reduction gearbox characterized in that the scraping face (Fk) is inclined.

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