JP6494235B2 - Ship rudder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a marine rudder, and relates to a technique that contributes to improving the propulsion efficiency of a rudder equipped with a valve.

  Conventionally, as this type of marine rudder, there is one described in Patent Document 1, for example. This has a top end plate and a bottom end plate projecting to the left and right sides at the top end and bottom end of the rudder blade disposed coaxially behind the propeller, respectively. In the contour, the front edge that protrudes in a semicircular shape forward and the front edge is continuous, the width is increased in a streamlined manner, and then the width is gradually decreased toward the minimum width and the middle and the middle are continuous. And it has the shape which consists of a fishtail rear edge part which increased width gradually toward the rear end of predetermined width.

  The front edge of the rudder blade is provided with a cylindrical projection facing the boss cap and the end surface of the propeller with a predetermined gap on the propeller shaft, and the boss cap and the cylindrical projection are attached to the front end of the rudder blade. Formed in a continuous cylindrical shape on the peripheral surface, the end surface of the cylindrical projection forms a convex arc surface that forms part of a circular locus centering on the rudder shaft axis, and the end surface of the boss cap is the rudder shaft axis A concave arcuate surface that forms part of a circular locus centered on or an end surface of the boss cap forms a straight-cut surface.

Japanese Patent No. 3449981

  The above-described conventional configuration has a problem that the hub vortex generated in the portion of the flux center line of the propeller propeller wake imparts a negative thrust to the propeller. However, although it is disclosed that the rudder valve (cylindrical protrusion) has a diameter equal to the rudder blade thickness or slightly larger than the propeller boss, the effect of the rudder valve on propulsion efficiency is disclosed. Not always enough.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a marine rudder including a club fin that contributes to elimination of a hub vortex and improves propulsion efficiency.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a marine rudder according to the present invention has a rudder blade disposed on a coaxial center behind a propeller, and projects to the left and right sides of the top and bottom ends of the rudder blade. The top end plate and the bottom end plate are provided, and the disc-shaped club fin is provided to project forward from the front edge of the rudder blade . The rudder blade is horizontally positioned on the rear end side of the club fin from the rudder surface of the rudder blade. The horizontal fin has a pair of horizontal fins projecting to the left and right sides toward the direction, and the horizontal fin has a shape in which the front edge extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the propeller .

  With the above-described configuration, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the generation of a hub vortex in the wake of the propeller by the club fin, and to improve the propulsion efficiency.

The side view which shows the rudder for ships in embodiment of this invention The front view which shows the rudder for ships in the embodiment AA arrow view in FIG. (A), (b), (c) is a perspective view showing various experimental models of the ship rudder Graph diagram showing experimental results The rudder for ships in other embodiments of the present invention is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. (A)-(f) is a schematic diagram which shows various experimental models (A)-(f) is a perspective view which shows various experimental models Graph diagram showing experimental results Sectional drawing which shows the principal part which shows the rudder for ships in other embodiment of this invention. The rudder for ships in the embodiment is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the main part, (c) is a bottom view, (d) is a side view, and (e) is a rear view. (A)-(c) is a schematic diagram which shows various experimental models Graph diagram showing experimental results

Embodiment 1
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, the propeller propeller 101 rotates from one to the other around the propeller shaft center, and here rotates clockwise (clockwise) when viewed from the rear. When propulsion propeller 101 rotates clockwise as viewed from the rear (right rotation), the wake of the propeller propeller flows backward while rotating to the right.

  The marine high lift rudder 100 has one rudder blade 102 disposed on the propeller shaft center behind the propeller 101, and a top end plate 103 and a bottom end at the top end and bottom end of the rudder blade 102, respectively. An end plate 104 is provided. The top end plate 103 and the bottom end plate 104 each have a flat plate shape projecting to the left and right sides, the bottom end plate 104 has a shape in which both side edges are slightly bent downward, and a rudder blade 102 is connected to a rudder shaft 105; The rudder shaft 105 is connected to the steering machine 106.

  The rudder blade 102 has a blade cross-sectional shape in a horizontal cross section, and a front edge region in front of the maximum width portion 102a is divided into an upper front edge region 102b and a lower front edge region 102c with a horizontal plane including the propeller propeller axis as a boundary. Goodbye

  The blade cross-sectional shape in the upper leading edge region 102b and the blade cross-sectional shape in the lower leading edge region 102c are symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane. The upper front edge region 102b and the lower front edge region 102c have a drag surface on one side in the rotation direction of the propeller propeller 101 and a lift surface on the other side in the rotation direction.

  That is, when the propeller 101 rotates clockwise as viewed from the rear (right rotation), the rotation of the propeller 101 is shown in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. In the leading edge region 102b, the port side forms a drag surface and the starboard side forms a lifting surface, and in the lower leading edge region 102c, the port side forms a lifting surface and the starboard side forms a drag surface.

  The rudder blade 102 has an intermediate portion 102d subsequent to the upper front edge region 102b and the lower front edge region 102c, and the intermediate portion 102d gradually decreases in width from the maximum width portion to the minimum width portion 102e. A horizontal cross-sectional contour having a fishtail trailing edge portion 102f following the intermediate portion 102d, and the fishtail trailing edge portion 102f gradually increasing in width toward the rear end 102g of a predetermined width. Make.

  A club fin 107 is provided on the front edge portion 102h of the rudder blade 102 at a position separating the upper front edge region 102b and the lower front edge region 102c. The club fin 107 has a disk shape projecting in the horizontal direction from the rudder blade 102 toward the front side and toward the left and right sides of the rudder blade 102, and includes an upper front edge region 102b and a lower front edge region 102c. Extends from the front edge region to the intermediate portion 102d and faces the propeller boss of the propeller 101.

  The club fin 107 has the following specifications, for example. The allowance from the front edge 102h is about 1.20 to 1.30 times, preferably about 1.25 times half of the maximum rudder thickness of the rudder blade 102, and the maximum width of the club fin 107 is It is about 1.20 to 1.30 times the propeller boss diameter, and preferably about 1.25 times. The propeller boss diameter is about 0.18 times the propeller diameter (FPP standard).

  With the configuration described above, when the propeller 101 rotates from one of the propeller shaft centers to the other, for example, when the propeller rotates clockwise (right rotation) when viewed from the rear, the upper leading edge region 102b and the lower A lift force having a forward direction component is generated on the lift surface of the leading edge region 102c, and contributes to the propulsive force by the difference between the forward direction component and a drag component against the forward direction component. Acts like rectifying and improves propulsion efficiency.

  Next, the wake of propulsion propeller 101 generates a hub vortex when a water space exists in the center line portion of the flux, and this gives negative thrust to propulsion propeller 101. However, according to the present embodiment, the club fin 107 and the rudder blade 102 exist in the fluency centerline portion of the wake behind the propeller propeller 101 to reduce the presence of water space at the site where the hub vortex should be generated, Propulsion efficiency is improved by suppressing the generation of hub vortex.

  The experimental results based on the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the marine rudder of No. 13 experimental model having the shape serving as the base of the experimental model is the one in which the club fin 107 does not exist in the above-described embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the rudder for marine vessels of the 48th experimental model is the one described in the above-described embodiment. A pair of horizontal fins 108 are added to a marine rudder of No. 48 experimental model.

  The horizontal fins 108 are provided on the rear end side of the club fins 107 and project from the rudder surface of the rudder blade 102 toward the left and right sides in the horizontal direction. Further, in the horizontal fin 108, the distance from the axial center of the rudder blade 102 to the fin tip edge in the left and right side is 0.25 times the propeller propeller diameter, and the fin leading edge is approximately toward the fin tip edge. Retreating at a receding angle of 15 °, the fin trailing edge tilts forward toward the fin tip edge.

The experimental results in each experimental model are shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the efficiency% (propulsion efficiency) is based on the rudder for ships of the No. 13 experimental model, and shows an increase / decrease in the comparison. As is apparent from FIG. 5, the efficiency is increased by about 1.8% by providing the club fin 107, and it is clear that the club fin 107 contributes to the improvement of the propulsion efficiency. Further, the provision of the horizontal fins 108 increases the efficiency by about 0.2%, and the combination of the horizontal fins 108 with the club fins 107 improves the propulsion efficiency.
Embodiment 2
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. This marine rudder 200 has a rudder blade 102 having the same shape as that described in the first embodiment, and the top end of the rudder blade 102 is changed to the top end plate 103 and the bottom end plate 104 in the first embodiment. A top club fin 203 and a bottom club fin 204 are provided at the top and bottom ends. Club fins 107 are provided on the front edge portion 102 h of the rudder blade 102 as in the first embodiment.

  Like the club fin 107, the top club fin 203 and the bottom club fin 204 have a disk shape projecting in the horizontal direction toward the front side and the left and right sides of the rudder blade 102 in the horizontal direction. The club fin 107 faces the propeller boss of the propeller propeller 101 and extends from the front edge region of the front edge region 102b and the lower front edge region 102c to the intermediate portion 102d.

  The experimental results based on the present invention will be described below. Rudder for ship of No. 16 experimental model shown in FIG. 8 (a), Rudder for ship of No. 18 experimental model shown in FIG. 8 (b), Rudder for ship of No. 19 experimental model shown in FIG. 8 (c) The rudder blade 302 has a blade cross-sectional shape in a horizontal cross section and a uniform shape in the axial direction of the rudder shaft. And it has the top club fin 203 and the bottom club fin 204, and the club fin 107 does not exist.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the top club fin 203 and the bottom club fin 204 have the largest marine rudder of No. 16 experimental model, and as shown in FIG. The ship rudder is the smallest, and as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the ship rudder of No. 18 experimental model has an intermediate size.

  Rudder for ship of No. 22 experimental model shown in FIG. 8 (d), Rudder for ship of No. 23 experimental model shown in FIG. 8 (e), Rudder for ship of No. 24 experimental model shown in FIG. 8 (c) Is described in the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the top club fin 203 and the bottom club fin 204 have the largest ship rudder of No. 22 experimental model, and as shown in FIG. The ship rudder is the smallest, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the ship rudder of No. 23 experimental model has an intermediate size.

  As shown in FIG. 7D, the club fin 107 has the largest ship rudder of No. 22 experimental model and the smallest ship rudder of No. 24 experimental model as shown in FIG. 7F. As shown in FIG. 7 (e), the marine rudder of No. 23 experimental model has an intermediate size.

  The experimental results in each experimental model are shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, efficiency% (propulsion efficiency) is based on the ship rudder of No. 24 experimental model, and shows an increase / decrease in the comparison. As is clear from FIG. 9, in the boat rudder 200 of No. 22, 23, and 24 that are the boat rudder 200 according to the second embodiment, the top club fin 203, the bottom club fin 204, and the club fin 107 are used. As the value increases, the efficiency increases.

  On the other hand, in the 16th, 18th, and 19th marine rudders 200 in which the rudder blade 302 has a blade cross-sectional shape in the horizontal cross section and has a uniform shape in the axial direction of the rudder shaft, the top club fin 203 As the bottom club fin 204 becomes larger, the efficiency decreases.

From this, it is clear that the club fin 107 contributes to the improvement of the propulsion efficiency. Further, it is apparent that the propulsion efficiency is improved by combining the top club fin 203, the bottom club fin 204, and the club fin 107 with the so-called reaction rudder blade 102.
Embodiment 3
10 and 11 show another embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those described in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals. In this marine rudder 300, the rudder blade 302 has a blade cross-sectional shape in a horizontal cross section and has a uniform shape in the axial direction of the rudder shaft, and the rudder blade 302 has a top end portion and a bottom end portion. A top end plate 303 and a bottom end plate 304 are provided.

  Each of the top end plate 303 and the bottom end plate 304 has a flat plate shape projecting to the left and right sides, and the bottom end plate 304 has a shape in which both side edges are slightly bent downward, from the rudder shaft position of the rudder blade 302. It does not exist in the front, but exists behind the rudder shaft position of the rudder blade 302.

  The club fin 107 is provided on the front edge portion 102h of the rudder blade 302 as in the first embodiment. The club fin 107 has a disk shape projecting in the horizontal direction from the rudder blade 302 toward the front side and toward the left and right sides of the rudder blade 302, and includes an upper front edge region 102b and a lower front edge region 102c. Extends from the front edge region to the intermediate portion 102d and faces the propeller boss of the propeller 101.

  The horizontal fins 308 are provided on the rear end side of the club fins 107 and project from the rudder surface of the rudder blade 302 toward the left and right sides in the horizontal direction. Further, the horizontal fin 308 has a shape in which the fin leading edge 308 a extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the propeller 101.

  The experimental results based on the present invention will be described below. The boat rudder of No. 00 experimental model shown in FIG. 12A does not have the club fin 107 in the third embodiment, and the rudder of vessel No. 38 experimental model shown in FIG. 12B. The horizontal fin 108 according to the third embodiment is retracted at a receding angle of about 15 ° with the fin leading edge toward the fin tip edge. The rudder for ships of the 39th experimental model shown in FIG. 12C is according to the above-described third embodiment.

  The experimental results in each experimental model are shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, efficiency% (propulsion efficiency) indicates the amount of increase / decrease in the comparison based on the rudder for marine vessels of the experimental model No. 00. As is apparent from FIG. 13, in the marine rudder No. 38 and No. 39 which are marine rudders according to the present invention, the efficiency is improved by about 0.9% and about 1.19%, respectively.

  Therefore, in the present invention, even when the rudder blade 302 has a blade cross-sectional shape in the horizontal cross section and has a uniform shape in the axial direction of the rudder shaft, it has the club fin 107 and the horizontal fin 108. It is clear that this improves the efficiency. Further, as in the case of a marine rudder 300 according to the third embodiment (shown in the 39th experimental model), the horizontal fin 308 has a shape in which the fin leading edge 308a extends in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the propeller 101. As a result, the efficiency is improved by 0.29% compared to the case where the fin leading edge is retracted as in the 38th experimental model.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 High lift rudder for ship 101 Propeller propeller 102 Rudder blade 102a Maximum width part 102b Upper front edge area 102c Lower front edge area 102d Middle part 102e Minimum width part 102f Fish tail rear edge 102g Rear end 102h Front edge 103 Top end plate 104 Bottom End plate 105 Rudder shaft 106 Steering machine 107 Club fin 108 Horizontal fin 200 Marine rudder 203 Top club fin 204 Bottom club fin 300 Marine rudder 302 Rudder blade 303 Top end plate 304 Bottom end plate 308 Horizontal fin 308a Fin front edge

Claims (1)

A rudder blade disposed on the coaxial center behind the propeller, a top end plate and a bottom end plate provided on the top end and bottom end of the rudder blade so as to project to the left and right sides, and a front edge of the rudder blade It has disk-like club fins that project forward,
The rudder blade has a pair of horizontal fins that project from the rudder blade's rudder surface toward the left and right sides toward the left and right sides on the rear end side of the club fin,
The horizontal fin has a shape in which a leading edge extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the propeller .

Images