JP6486728B2 - Crossing angle sleepers - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crossing angle-compatible sleeper particularly suitable for use in a curved section of a track.

  In the sleeper structure in the curved section of the track, it is common to lay a sleeper with a rectangular or H-shaped cross section on the roadbed crushed stone according to the required cant angle, but the necessary cant angle that changes continuously in the curved section Since it is necessary to install sleepers in accordance with the above, the position adjustment becomes complicated and the installation cost becomes high.

  On the other hand, when a temporary rail rail is laid on the roadbed concrete for high-speed trains represented by the Shinkansen, the completed cant angle is a steep angle, and the cant angle required for the temporary rail rail is a gentle angle. Therefore, when temporary rail rails are laid as they are on roadbed concrete for high-speed trains, the cant angle becomes steeper than necessary, and there is a risk of derailment or falling during battery locomotion.

  In this way, in the sleepers corresponding to the conventional curved section, the angle of the roadbed is adjusted according to the cant that changes continuously, and the installation of the sleepers is complicated by laying a uniform sleeper on the roadbed after the angle adjustment. Due to this complexity, installation takes time, resulting in an increase in sleeper installation costs, and sleepers for high-speed trains inherently carry the risk of vehicle derailment and falling.

  Here, in Patent Document 1, in a railroad sharp curve, a sleeper inside the curve is arranged on the rail inside the curve, a sleeper outside the curve is arranged on the rail outside the curve, and the sleeper inside the curve is arranged. In addition, the inner rail of the curve is installed at an angle larger than the tread gradient of the wheel, and the inner rail of the curve has a wider head than the normal rail according to the curve radius of the required sharp curve, If necessary, provide a connecting rod that connects the sleeper on the inside of the curve and the sleeper on the outside of the curve, or a connecting rod that connects the rail on the inside of the curve and the rail on the outside of the curve. A steeply curved track structure is disclosed.

  According to the sharply curved track structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is easy to install an inclined rail inside the curved line, and as a result, the vehicle can run without slipping on the wheel tread even on a sharp curve. However, even when this technology is applied, the above-mentioned problem, that is, the installation of sleepers corresponding to the continuously changing cant is complicated, and this installation takes time, resulting in installation The problem of high costs cannot be solved.

JP-A-10-195801

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is not complicated to install sleepers with respect to a cant that changes continuously, does not require time for installation, and does not require expensive installation costs. The purpose is to provide angle-compatible sleepers.

  In order to achieve the above object, a crossing angle sleeper according to the present invention includes a lower flange fixed to a roadbed, an upper flange supporting a rail, a first spacer and a second spacer interposed between the lower flange and the upper flange. The first spacer and the second spacer are selected from the combination of the same height or two or more stepwise different heights. Each of the spacer and the second spacer is disposed directly under the rail.

  The crossing angle sleepers according to the present invention do not depend on the roadbed whose angle is adjusted, for example, on the basis of the angle of the canal in the curved section of the track. The first and second spacers that can be adjusted in height are arranged in the lower position near the two ends of the sleepers that extend in the longitudinal direction of the flange, and these two spacers can be used for various cants. Corresponding sleepers.

  Here, the sleepers are provided with a lower flange fixed to the roadbed and an upper flange that supports the rail, and two spacers are interposed between the upper and lower flanges to constitute the whole.

  There are various combinations of the first and second spacers, from the same height to various heights different from each other. For example, the first and second spacers cant change continuously in the curved section of the track. Correspondingly, an appropriate combination of first and second spacers is selected to form a sleeper. The "lower position near both ends of the upper flange in the longitudinal direction" where the first and second spacers are installed is the lower position of both ends of the upper flange, and the position below the part slightly inward from both ends of the upper flange. It means position.

  By preparing the first and second spacers of various height combinations in advance in factory production or on-site production, sleepers corresponding to various cantes that change continuously can be quickly installed. It becomes possible to do. For example, it is only necessary to prepare a plurality of types of crossing angle sleepers in which the inclination angle of the upper flange is 0 to 2.5 degrees and the necessary cant angle.

  Here, the upper and lower flanges can be formed from a steel or concrete plate and have a length (length in the longitudinal direction) at least equal to or greater than the distance between the inner rail and the outer rail.

  In addition, for example, a first spacer and a second spacer are arranged directly below the inner rail and outer rail of the curved section, respectively, so that the load from the rail can be reduced via each spacer. In the process of transmitting to the flange and transmitting to the roadbed via the lower flange, load transmission is smooth. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress the sleepers from being deformed or damaged with respect to the loaded load as much as possible.

  Regarding the first and second spacers, as described above, a bar steel such as a deformed steel bar or a round steel bar is preferably applied to the first spacer disposed immediately below the inner rail of the curved section.

  When the height of the second spacer arranged just below the outer rail of the curved section changes by applying a spacer with a circular or substantially circular cross section (because the deformed steel bar has irregularities in the cross section) The contact point between the upper flange and the first spacer can be easily changed on the circumference, so that various inclined postures of the upper flange can be formed. In addition, it is easy to obtain both deformed bar and round steel, and the first spacer can be manufactured as cheaply as possible.

  Here, either the deformed steel bar or the round steel may be applied to the second spacer disposed immediately below the outer rail, or a plate or block made of steel or concrete may be applied. In the former case, the height between the first and second spacers can be variously changed by preparing various shaped steel bars having various diameters. In the latter case, the angle between the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the plate is finished to various angles according to the cant, and multiple types of plates with various angles are prepared in this way. It is possible to correspond to the inclination according to the.

  In addition, by fixing the appropriate position of the lower flange to the roadbed with bolts, etc., the upper flange on which the inner and outer rails are placed is inclined at an angle corresponding to a continuously changing cant. Crossing angle sleepers can be installed with each rail supported by two spacers.

  Here, in a preferred embodiment of the crossing angle-capable sleeper according to the present invention, the lower flange has a protruding portion that protrudes to the side (direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rail) or the extending direction of the rail from the upper flange. In addition, a bolt hole is opened at the overhanging portion, and the road base and the lower flange are bolted by the bolt inserted into the bolt hole.

  Although the lower flange may be bolted to the roadbed at a plurality of locations at the center position, in the present embodiment, the lower flange is extended to the side protruding from the upper flange or in the rail extension direction. Bolts are inserted through the provided bolt holes and fixed to the roadbed.

  According to this embodiment, when the lower flange is fixed to the roadbed, the lower flange is bolted at the projecting portion of the lower flange that projects outward from the upper flange. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the sleeper fixing work for the roadbed.

  Further, with respect to the crossing angle sleeper of this embodiment, the bolt hole is provided at the end of the overhanging portion and has a groove extending from the opening exposed to the outside to the inside of the overhanging portion, and is fixed to the roadbed. The bolt may be inserted by sliding into the bolt hole of the groove through the opening and fixed with the bolt.

  By inserting the bolt into the groove bolt hole (elongated slit-shaped bolt hole) provided in the overhanging portion of the lower flange while sliding the bolt, the bolt can be inserted smoothly, and the sleeper fixing work to the roadbed is more efficient. Leads to

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the crossing angle-compatible sleeper of the present invention, the first spacer is disposed at one of the lower positions near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the upper flange, and the second spacer is disposed at the other. The first and second spacers having the same or different height from each other are arranged directly under the inner rail and the outer rail of the upper flange, so that the upper flange is at an angle corresponding to a continuously changing cant. Therefore, the angle of the inner and outer rails can be adjusted to the angle according to the cant, and the installation of this sleeper is not complicated, does not require time for installation, and the installation cost is not expensive.

It is the schematic diagram which showed the state by which multiple Embodiment 1 of the crossing angle corresponding sleeper of this invention was installed in the roadbed, and the two rails were arrange | positioned. It is a top view of Embodiment 1 of a crossing angle corresponding sleeper of the present invention. It is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the crossing angle correspondence sleeper of this invention, Comprising: It is an arrow directional view of the III direction of FIG. It is the schematic diagram which showed the state by which multiple Embodiment 2 of the crossing angle corresponding sleeper of this invention was installed in the roadbed, and the two rails were arrange | positioned. It is a top view of Embodiment 2 of a crossing angle corresponding sleeper of the present invention. It is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the crossing angle corresponding sleeper of this invention, Comprising: It is the arrow line view of the VI direction of FIG.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, Embodiments 1 and 2 of a crossing angle sleeper according to the present invention will be described.

(Embodiment 1 for crossing angle sleepers)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a plurality of crossing angle-corresponding sleepers according to the first embodiment of the present invention are installed on a roadbed and two rails are arranged, and FIG. 2 is a crossing angle-corresponding sleeper according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the crossing angle corresponding sleeper according to the present invention, and is a view in the direction of the arrow III in FIG. 2.

  The crossing angle-corresponding sleeper 10 shown in the figure is a lower flange 2 fixed to the roadbed B with bolts 5, an upper flange 1 that supports the rails R1 and R2, and a first interposed between the lower flange 2 and the upper flange 1. The spacer 3 and the second spacer 4 are generally constituted by a central fixing method in which the bolts are fixed to the roadbed B at the center position of the sleepers 10. In the illustrated example, the inner rail of the cant is indicated by R1, and the outer rail is indicated by R2.

  Each of the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 is made of a steel plate, and the lower flange 2 is provided with a protruding portion 2a protruding in the rail extending direction (X2 direction) with respect to the upper flange 1, and this protruding portion 2a. Bolt holes 2b are formed in In the illustrated example, with respect to the upper flange 1, the lower flange 2 protrudes not only in the rail extending direction X2, but also in the direction X1 orthogonal thereto.

  Therefore, when the lower flange 2 is bolted to the roadbed B, the upper flange 1 does not become an obstacle to the bolt fixing work.

  Rails R1, R2 are fixed in the vicinity of both ends of the upper flange 1. Regarding the fixing structure of the rails R1 and R2, a bolt-type rail clip 6 is disposed inside the rails R1 and R2, and a welded rail clip 7 is disposed and fixed from the outside of the rails R1 and R2. A structure is formed. The rails R1 and R2 are fixed to the upper flange 1 by arranging the rails R1 and R2 from the inside with respect to the rail clip 7 welded to the upper flange 1 in advance, and the rail clips 6 from the inside of the rails R1 and R2. This is done by bolting.

  The inclined posture of the upper flange 1 corresponding to the cant is not provided with an inclination in the roadbed B, but, for example, between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 with respect to the flat roadbed B, the inner rail R1. The first spacer 3 and the second spacer 4 having different heights are disposed immediately below the outer rail R2 and immediately below the outer rail R2, respectively. Of course, the roadbed B may be provided with an inclination if necessary.

  Here, the first spacer 3 disposed immediately below the inner rail R1 is formed of a deformed bar or round steel, and the second spacer 4 disposed immediately below the outer rail R2 is a steel plate. Or it forms from a block.

  The inclination adjustment of the upper flange 1 according to the cant is executed by the combination of the heights of the first spacer 3 and the second spacer 4, but the first spacer 3 is circular in cross section even if the inclination is variously different. Alternatively, since it has a substantially circular cross section, the contact between the upper flange 1 and the first spacer 3 is changed to contact the upper flange 1 at an appropriate location of the first spacer 3, and both are fixed by welding or the like. Can do. The second spacer 4 and the upper flange 1 are also fixed by welding or the like, and the first and second spacers 3 and 4 and the lower flange 2 are similarly fixed by welding or the like.

  Moreover, it is necessary to finish the upper end surface of the 2nd spacer 4 to a suitable taper surface according to cant.

  In this way, by preparing the first spacer 3 and the second spacer 4 in various height combinations in advance, it is possible to quickly install sleepers corresponding to various cantes that change continuously. Is possible. For example, the upper flange can be used for multiple types of crossing angle sleepers with a 0 to 2.5 degree pitch and the required cant angle (flat sleepers with an upper flange inclination of 0 degrees, 2.5 degrees sleepers, 5 degrees 5 types of sleepers, 7.5 degree sleepers, 10 degree sleepers etc. can be prepared.

  Also, by placing the first spacer 3 directly below the inner rail R1 and the second spacer 4 directly below the outer rail R2, the load from the rails R1 and R2 is passed through the spacers 3 and 4, respectively. In the process of transmitting to the lower flange 2 and transmitting to the roadbed B via the lower flange 2, the load transmission becomes smooth, and the components of the sleeper 10 are deformed or damaged as much as possible with respect to the loaded load. Can be suppressed.

  According to the sleeper 10 shown in the figure, the upper flange 1 can be adjusted to an angle corresponding to a continuously changing cant, and the angle of the inner and outer rails R1, R2 can be adjusted without adjusting the angle of the roadbed B. The angle can be easily adjusted according to the angle. Moreover, the installation of the sleepers 10 is not complicated, does not require time for installation, and the installation cost does not become expensive.

(Embodiment 2 of the sleeper for crossing angle)
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state in which a plurality of crossing angle sleepers according to the second embodiment of the present invention are installed on a roadbed and two rails are arranged, and FIG. 5 is a crossing angle sleeper according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the crossing angle-corresponding sleeper according to the present invention, and is a view in the direction of the arrow VI in FIG.

  10A of crossing angle correspondence sleepers shown in the figure, the lower flange 2 of the crossing angle correspondence sleeper 10 is provided with a projecting portion 2a in the extending direction (X2 direction) of the rail, and provided with a bolt hole 2b. 2A is different from the crossing angle-corresponding sleeper 10 in that it has a projecting portion 2c on the side (X1 direction) and a bolt hole 2d of an elongated groove. The sleepers 10A are in the form of an end fixing method in which the ends are bolted to the roadbed B.

  The bolt hole 2d of the groove communicates with the inside of the overhanging portion 2c through an opening exposed to the outside of the overhanging portion 2c.

  When the sleeper 10A is installed on the roadbed B, the bolt 5 is previously attached to a predetermined position of the roadbed, the sleeper 10A is installed so that the bolt hole 2d of the groove is inserted into the bolt 5, and the nut is tightened. It is possible to easily install the sleeper 10A for B.

  According to the sleeper 10A, when the sleeper 10A is removed from the roadbed B for maintenance of the sleeper 10A, the sleeper 10A can be easily removed.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. They are also included in the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Upper flange, 2 ... Lower flange, 2a ... Short direction overhanging place, 2b ... Bolt hole, 2c ... Longitudinal overhanging place, 2d ... Groove, 3 ... First spacer (deformed bar steel, round steel) 4, 2nd spacer (plate), 5 ... bolt, 6, 7 ... rail clip, 10, 10A ... sleeper (crossing angle-compatible sleeper), R1 ... rail (inner rail), R2 ... rail (outer rail), B ... Roadbed

Claims (4)

A lower flange fixed to the roadbed,
An upper flange that supports the rail;
A first spacer and a second spacer interposed between the lower flange and the upper flange,
The first spacer and the second spacer are selected from combinations of two or more stepwise different heights,
Each of the first spacer and the second spacer is a crossing angle-compatible sleeper that is disposed directly under the rail.   The sleeper for crossing angles according to claim 1, wherein the first spacer is made of steel bar. The lower flange has a protruding part that protrudes to the side of the rail or the extension direction of the rail,
The sleeper corresponding to a transverse angle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bolt hole is opened at the overhanging portion, and the road base and the lower flange are bolted by a bolt inserted into the bolt hole.   The bolt hole has a groove extending from the opening exposed to the outside at the end of the protruding portion to the inside of the protruding portion, and the groove of the lower flange slides on the bolt fixed to the roadbed. The sleeper corresponding to a transverse angle according to claim 3, wherein the sleeper is inserted and fixed with bolts.

Images