JP6452948B2 - Building ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building ventilation system used for ventilation and ventilation of a building, and more particularly, to a building ventilation system provided with a natural ventilation pothole that naturally raises the air in the building and exhausts it outside. .

  This type of ventilation system uses the draft effect (so-called chimney effect) by the pits formed in the building, takes the air in the building into the pits, naturally rises in the pits, and exhausts to the outside In addition, outdoor air is introduced into the building from outside through an outside air inlet, etc., so that the building is naturally ventilated.

  However, this pothole part is located below the neutral zone where the pressure difference between the pothole inner area and the area to be ventilated (specifically, the indoor space in the ventilation target hierarchy) is zero (the pothole inner area with respect to the room). It is difficult to efficiently perform natural ventilation throughout the entire area from the lower layer side to the upper layer side in the building due to the characteristic of sucking air at the lower part where is negative pressure).

  Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, a lower pothole portion having a plurality of layers (for example, 1 to 5 floors) on the lower layer side of the building as a ventilation target layer and a plurality of layers (for example, 6 to 6) on the upper layer side of the building. A ventilation system has been proposed in which a predetermined ventilation performance can be obtained not only on the lower layer side but also on the upper layer side in the building by separately configuring the upper side pothole portion with the 10th floor) as the ventilation target layer. .

JP2013-104259A

  By the way, the level of the neutral zone (height position) of the inner zone of the pothole is determined by the surrounding environment such as the outside environment such as the outside temperature and the internal environment such as the indoor temperature and pressure. The level of the inner zone's neutral zone will change.

  When the level of the neutral zone inside the pothole changes in this way, a change occurs in the air suction force (ventilation performance) of the pothole portion with respect to the ventilated area, and if the level change of the neutral zone is large, the pothole portion Changes occur up to the level that exerts air suction. That is, in this type of ventilation system, the ventilation performance varies depending on the surrounding environment. On the other hand, the ventilation performance required for the ventilated area differs depending on the purpose of ventilation efficiency and air conditioning efficiency for the ventilated area.

  In the above conventional ventilation system, the first to fifth floors are ventilated only by the lower potholes, and the sixth to tenth floors are ventilated only by the upper potholes. When the level of the neutral zone for the pothole is lowered from the 6th floor level to the 5th floor level, the lower pothole cannot exert the air suction force on the indoor space of the 5th floor, and as a result, the 5th floor Natural ventilation cannot be performed efficiently. That is, this ventilation system has a disadvantage that it cannot cope with changes in the surrounding environment.

  In addition, this ventilation system has a disadvantage that it cannot cope with changes in the purpose such as ventilation efficiency and air conditioning efficiency for the ventilated area because the ventilated area of the lower pothole and the upper pothole are fixed. is there.

  In view of this situation, the main problem of the present invention is that a building ventilation system that can perform natural ventilation in a building in response to changes in the surrounding environment and objectives by adopting a rational system configuration. Is to provide

A first characteristic configuration of the present invention is a building ventilation system provided with a natural ventilation pothole that naturally raises the air in the building and exhausts it to the outside.
A plurality of the hole portions that can communicate with a ventilated area in a building, an intake port that allows communication between the ventilated area and the inner hole area, and an exhaust that communicates the inner hole area with the outside on the upper end side. It is configured to be able to exhaust the air from the ventilated area from the ventilated area to the outside through the air inlet, after the air in the ventilated area is sucked into the inside area of the pit and naturally raised in the inside area of the pit a plurality of said wells portion which is, communicated to the pit portion can change the ventilation path changing means disposed et al is said to be ventilated area,
As the plurality of pothole portions, a lower pothole portion formed in a state extending from the lowermost layer of the lower ventilation target layer to the rooftop and a section formed in a state extending from the lowermost layer of the upper ventilation target layer to the rooftop are formed. The upper side pit hole part is provided in a state where a part of the ventilation target layer overlaps,
The ventilating path changing means can selectively change communication between the lower pothole part and the upper pothole part with respect to the ventilated area in the overlapping hierarchy of the lower pothole part and the upper pothole part. in that it is configured to.

  In other words, according to this configuration, the pothole part communicating with the ventilated area in the building can be changed between the plural pothole parts by the ventilation path changing means. Ventilation efficiency can be improved by changing to a function that allows ventilation to function more effectively, or by changing the potholes connected to the ventilated area to those close to the perimeter with a large air conditioning load. It becomes possible to increase efficiency.

  In other words, according to this configuration, natural ventilation in the building is effectively performed according to changes in the environment and changes in purpose by changing the potholes communicating with the ventilation area to appropriate ones by the ventilation path changing means. be able to.

  That is, according to this structure, since the lower pothole part and the upper pothole part where the ventilation target layers are different in the vertical direction are provided as the plurality of pothole parts, the lower pottery side of the building is used as the lower pothole. Natural ventilation from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the building can be performed in a ventilation mode in which natural ventilation is performed at the upper part and natural ventilation is performed at the upper hole side of the building at the upper hole portion.

  Moreover, since the level of the neutral zone in the inside of the pothole is different between the lower pothole and the upper pothole, ventilation for the ventilated area in the overlapping hierarchy of the lower pothole and the upper pothole Although the performance is different, it is possible to change the environment by appropriately changing the lower pothole and upper pothole by means of the ventilation path changing means to those having appropriate ventilation performance for the ventilated area in this overlapping hierarchy. Natural ventilation in the overlapping hierarchy can be performed in response to changes in purpose and changes in purpose.

  For example, even if the neutral zone level of the lower pothole is lowered and natural ventilation in the overlapping hierarchy cannot be efficiently performed through the lower pothole, the neutral zone level of the upper pothole is overlapped. If it is higher than the above, the ventilation area in the overlapping hierarchy can be naturally ventilated through the upper pothole portion by changing the communication with the upper pothole portion with the ventilation path changing means.

  Therefore, natural ventilation in the building can be efficiently performed in a form in which the sharing of the lower pothole portion and the upper pothole portion is changed in accordance with a change in environment or a change in purpose.

According to a second characteristic configuration of the present invention, the ventilating path changing means is based on a detection value of a sensor installed in a building, and among the plurality of potholes, in the ventilation target hierarchy, the pothole inner area is more than the ventilated area. Is a low-pressure side or a high-temperature side, and is configured to communicate a pothole portion where a pressure difference or a temperature difference between the ventilated area and the inside of the pothole becomes large to the ventilated area.

  That is, the air suction force (ventilation performance) with respect to the ventilated area can be expected in the pothole part in which the inner area of the pothole is lower than the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy. Furthermore, among these, the pothole where the pressure difference or temperature difference between the ventilated area and the inside of the pothole is large is covered more than the pothole where the pressure difference or temperature difference between the ventilated area and the inside of the pothole is small. Natural ventilation works effectively because the air suction power (ventilation performance) to the ventilation area is large.

  And according to the said structure, a ventilating path change means is a low-pressure side in a fistula inner area rather than a to-be-ventilated area in a ventilation object hierarchy among several said fistula parts based on the detected value of the sensor installed in the building. Or, since the pothole part where the pressure difference or temperature difference between the ventilated area and the pothole internal area is large is communicated with the ventilated area on the high temperature side, use the pothole part where natural ventilation functions more effectively. Natural ventilation of the area to be ventilated can be performed efficiently.

According to a third characteristic configuration of the present invention, the ventilation path changing means is installed in a building in a state where a part of the plurality of potholes communicates with the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy. Based on the detected value of the sensor, the pressure difference or temperature difference between the ventilated area and the pothole internal area of some potholes in the ventilation target hierarchy is equal to or less than a predetermined value with the pothole internal area being the low pressure side or the high temperature side. When the inside area of the potholes of some potholes becomes higher or lower than the ventilated area, the potholes that communicate with the ventilated area are changed from some potholes to other potholes. In that it is configured to change.

  In other words, for example, it is conceivable that natural ventilation of the entire building can be performed in a well-balanced manner by predetermining some pothole portions that communicate with the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy.

  However, even if it does in this way, when the pressure difference or temperature difference between the ventilated area and the pothole internal area of some of the potholes falls below a predetermined value that makes the pothole internal area the low pressure side or the high temperature side, or If the inside area of the pothole of some of the potholes becomes higher or lower than the area, a sufficient air suction force (ventilation performance) for the ventilated area cannot be expected in this pothole part.

  On the other hand, according to the above configuration, the ventilation path changing means is based on the detection value of the sensor installed in the building in a state where this part of the hole portion communicates with the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy. , When the pressure difference or temperature difference between the ventilated area and the inside of the potholes in the ventilation target hierarchy is below a predetermined value with the internal area being the low pressure side or high temperature side, or from the ventilated area However, when the inside area of some potholes becomes high pressure or low temperature, the potholes communicating with the ventilated area are changed from some potholes to other potholes. When sufficient air suction force (ventilation performance) for the ventilation area cannot be expected, natural ventilation of the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy can be continuously performed in a form using other potholes.

According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, in order to configure the ventilation path changing means, a communication port for communicating each of the plurality of pit holes and a ventilated area in the building, and switching that allows the communication port to be opened and closed A damper and control means for controlling the operation of the switching damper are provided.

  According to the said structure, a ventilation path change means can be comprised simply and economically from a communicating port, a switching damper, and a control means.

System configuration diagram of ventilation system (schematic cross section) System configuration diagram (schematic cross-sectional view) showing the state after changing the ventilation path System configuration diagram (schematic cross-sectional view) showing the state after changing the ventilation path (A) System configuration diagram (schematic layout diagram) showing another embodiment of the ventilation system, (b) System configuration diagram (schematic layout diagram) showing the state after changing the ventilation path in another embodiment

  FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a ventilation system adopted in a multi-layered building A such as a mid-to-high-rise building, and this ventilation system uses a draft effect to air in the building A through a plurality of pits B formed in the building A. The natural air inside the building A can be exhausted to the outside by introducing the outside air into the building A from the outside through an outside air inlet (not shown) appropriately formed on the outer periphery of each floor of the building A. It is configured to provide ventilation.

  In addition, this ventilation system has an indoor space in a specific ventilation target hierarchy (first and second overlapping hierarchies to be described later) so that natural ventilation in the building can be performed according to changes in the environment and changes in purpose. Ventilation passage changing means T that can change the pothole B that communicates with S is provided.

  The plurality of potholes B are provided with first to third potholes 1 to 3 that have different levels in the vertical direction as a ventilation target hierarchy, and the building A passes through the first to third potholes 1 to 3. The natural ventilation of the whole area of the building A from the lower floor to the upper floor of the building can be effectively performed.

  The first pothole portion 1 is partitioned and formed in a state extending from the lowest floor of the first floor H1 to the rooftop, with the first floor H1 on the lower layer side (in this example, the first floor to the fifth floor) as the ventilation target floor. Yes.

  Between the first pothole portion 1 and the indoor space S of each floor in the first hierarchy H1, the pothole interior area S1 of the first pothole portion 1 and the indoor space S of each floor in the first hierarchy H1 are communicated. A communication port (intake port) 1a is formed. In addition, a communication port (exhaust port) 1b is formed on the upper end side of the first pothole portion 1 to allow the pothole inner region S1 of the first pothole portion 1 to communicate with the outside on the roof.

  That is, the first pothole portion is connected to the indoor space S of each floor in the first floor H1 through the communication port 1a through the communication port 1a, and the natural air rises in the pothole inner region S1. It is configured to be able to exhaust from 1b to the outside.

  The second pothole portion 2 is divided into a second floor H2 (5th to 8th floors in this example) on the middle layer side as a ventilation target floor, and extends from the lowest floor of the second floor H2 to the rooftop. Yes.

  Between the second pothole portion 2 and the indoor space S of each floor in the second hierarchy H2, the pothole inner area S2 of the second pothole portion 2 and the indoor space S of each floor in the second hierarchy H2 are communicated. A communication port 2a is formed. In addition, a communication port (exhaust port) 2b is formed on the upper end side of the second pothole portion 2 to communicate the pothole inner area S2 of the second pothole portion 2 to the outside on the roof.

  That is, the second pothole portion 2 communicates after the room air is sucked into the pothole inner area S2 from the indoor space S of each floor in the second floor H2 through the communication port 2a and naturally rises in the pothole inner area S2. It is configured to be able to exhaust from the port 2b to the outside.

  The third pothole 3 is installed in a state extending from the lowest floor of the third floor H3 to the rooftop, with the third floor H3 (8th floor to 10th floor in this example) on the higher floor side as the ventilation target floor. .

  Between the third pothole portion 3 and the indoor space S of each floor in the third hierarchy H3, the pothole interior area S3 of the third pothole portion 3 communicates with the indoor space S of each floor in the third hierarchy H3. A communication port 3a is formed. In addition, a communication port (exhaust port) 3 b is formed on the upper end side of the third pothole portion 3 to allow the pothole inner area S2 of the third pothole portion 3 to communicate with the outside on the roof.

  That is, the third pothole portion 3 communicates after the indoor air is sucked into the pothole inner area S3 from the indoor space S of each floor in the third floor H3 through the communication port 3a and naturally rises in the pothole inner area S3. It is configured to be able to exhaust from the port 3b to the outside.

  In addition, in the relationship between the 1st pothole part 1 and the 2nd pothole part 2, the 1st pothole part 1 corresponds to the lower pothole part, and the 2nd pothole part 2 corresponds to the upper pothole part. In addition, in the relationship between the second pothole portion 2 and the third pothole portion 3, the second pothole portion 2 corresponds to the lower pothole portion, and the third pothole portion 3 corresponds to the upper pothole portion.

  The first pothole portion 1 and the second pothole portion 2 are in a state where the respective ventilation target layers are partially overlapped, in other words, the first hierarchy H1 and the second pothole portion 2 which are the ventilation targets of the first pothole portion 1. Are arranged in a state of sharing the connection hierarchy R1 (first overlapping hierarchy R1) of the second hierarchy H2 to be ventilated.

  Similarly, the 2nd hole part 2 and the 3rd hole part 3 are the states which overlap each ventilation object hierarchy partially, in other words, the 2nd hierarchy H2 and 3rd which the 2nd hole part 2 makes ventilation object. The pothole part 3 is arranged in a state of sharing the connection layer R2 (second overlapping layer R2) of the third layer H3 to be ventilated.

  The ventilation path changing means T is configured to selectively change the communication between the first pothole portion 1 and the second pothole portion 2 with respect to the indoor space S of the first overlapping hierarchy R1.

  Specifically, the ventilation path changing means T has a state in which the first pothole portion 1 communicates with the indoor space S of the first overlapping hierarchy R1 as shown in FIG. 1, and a first overlap as shown in FIG. It is configured to be switchable between a state in which the second pothole portion 2 communicates with the indoor space S of the level R1.

  The ventilation path changing means T is configured to selectively change the communication between the second pothole portion 2 and the third pothole portion 3 with respect to the indoor space S of the second overlapping hierarchy R2.

  Specifically, the ventilation path changing means T has a state in which the third pothole portion 3 communicates with the indoor space S of the second overlapping hierarchy R2 as shown in FIG. 1, and a second overlap as shown in FIG. It is configured to be able to switch between a state in which the second pothole portion 2 communicates with the indoor space S of the hierarchy R2.

  In configuring the ventilation path changing means T, the first and second openable and closable first and second communication ports 1a and 2a between the indoor space S in the first overlapping layer R1 and the first and second pothole portions 1 and 2 can be formed. 2 switching dampers 4a and 4b, and 3rd and 4th switching dampers 4c that can freely open and close each of the communication ports 2a and 3a between the indoor space S in the second overlapping layer R2 and the second and third potholes 2 and 3 4d and a controller 5 (an example of a control means) for controlling the operation of each of the switching dampers 4a to 4d.

  In the first overlapping layer R1, the first and second differential pressure sensors 6a for detecting the pressure differences Δa and Δb between the inner holes S1 and S2 of the first and second pothole portions 1 and 2 and the indoor space S are detected. , 6b (an example of a sensor) is installed. Further, in the second overlapping layer R2, the third and fourth differential pressures for detecting the pressure differences Δc and Δd between the inner holes S2 and S3 of the second and third potholes 2 and 3 and the indoor space S are detected. Sensors 6c and 6d are installed.

  And the said controller 5 receives input of detected value (DELTA) a- (DELTA) d from each differential pressure sensor 6a-6d, Based on these detected value (DELTA) a- (DELTA) d, for example with a control command, the following two types of control systems are carried out. By switching the state of each of the switching dampers 4a to 4d, it is possible to change the pothole portion B that communicates with the indoor space S.

(First control method)
This control method is a ventilation performance priority control method that preferentially uses a pothole B having a high ventilation performance for the indoor space S in the ventilation target hierarchy among the plurality of potholes B. This control method will be described taking the second overlapping hierarchy R2 as an example with reference to FIGS.

  In this control method, the controller 5 uses the detected value Δc of the third differential pressure sensor 6c and the detected value Δd of the fourth differential pressure sensor 6d to make the pothole more than the indoor space S in the second overlapping hierarchy R2. The state of each of the switching dampers 4c and 4d is switched so that the pothole B where the internal area is on the low pressure side and the pressure difference between the indoor space S and the pothole internal area is large is communicated with the indoor space S.

  That is, the controller 5 is configured such that, in the second overlapping hierarchy R2, the pothole inner area S3 of the third pothole 3 is lower than the indoor space S, and the pothole inner area S3 of the indoor space S and the third pothole 3 Is larger than the pressure difference Δc between the indoor space S and the inner hole area S2 of the second hole portion 2 (Δd> Δc), as shown in FIG. 1, the third switching damper 4c Is closed, and the fourth switching damper 4d is opened, so that the third pothole 3 communicates with the indoor space S in the second overlapping layer R2.

  Further, the controller 5 is configured such that, in the second overlapping hierarchy R2, the pothole inner area S2 of the second pothole 2 is lower than the indoor space S, and the pothole inner area S2 of the indoor space S and the second pothole 2 Is greater than the pressure difference Δd between the indoor space S and the inner region S3 of the third hole 3 (Δc> Δd), as shown in FIG. By making it open and closing the fourth switching damper 4d, the second pothole 2 is communicated with the indoor space S in the second overlapping layer R2.

  In short, in this control method, the ventilation path changing means T is based on the detected values Δc, Δd of the third and fourth differential pressure sensors 6c, 6d installed in the building A, and a plurality of pothole portions B (second Of the pothole portion 2 and the third pothole portion 3), the pothole portion B is located in the indoor space S where the pothole inner area is on the low pressure side of the indoor space S and the pressure difference between the indoor space S and the pothole inner area is large. Communicate with.

  Therefore, natural ventilation of the indoor space S can be efficiently performed using the pothole portion B where natural ventilation functions more effectively.

(Second control method)
This control method is a charge assignment priority control method that preferentially uses the pothole portion B that is determined as a charge in advance. This control method will be described by taking the first overlapping hierarchy R1 as an example with reference to FIGS. The first overlapping hierarchy R1 is set as the assigned hierarchy of the first pothole portion 1.

  In this control method, the controller 5 basically communicates the first pothole portion 1 as the assigned pothole portion B with the indoor space S and based on the detected value Δa of the first differential pressure sensor 6a. When there is a predetermined condition for determining that the predetermined ventilation performance has been lost from the first hole part 1, each switching damper 4a, so that the second hole part 2 as the other hole part B communicates with the indoor space S, Switch the state of 4b.

  That is, the controller 5 basically opens the first switching damper 4a and closes the second switching damper 4b, so that the controller 5 as the responsible pothole B as shown in FIG. The 1 pothole part 1 is connected to the indoor space S in the first overlapping layer R1.

  When the detected value Δa of the first differential pressure sensor 6a becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value α (Δa ≦ α) in which the inside hole area S1 of the first inside hole 1 is on the low pressure side, As shown in FIG. 3, the first switching damper 4a is closed and the second switching damper 4b is opened when the pothole inner region S1 of the first pothole portion 1 is at a higher pressure than the space S. The second pothole 2 is communicated with the indoor space S in the first overlapping layer R1.

  Note that the controller 5 determines that the detected value Δb of the second differential pressure sensor 6b changes the inner hole area S2 of the second pothole part 2 before the communication change from the first pothole part 1 to the second pothole part 2 is executed. It is determined whether or not a value that exceeds a predetermined value α (Δb> α) on the low pressure side, and when the detected value Δb does not exceed the predetermined value α, the first pothole 1 to the second pothole 2 You may make it stop execution of a communication change.

  In short, in this control method, the ventilation path changing means T is installed in the building in a state where some of the potholes B (the first pothole 1) communicate with the indoor space S. Based on the detected value Δa of the first differential pressure sensor 6a, the pressure difference between the indoor space S and the inner hole area of some of the inner hole parts B (first inner hole part 1) makes the inner hole area low-pressure side. When it becomes a predetermined value α or less, or when the inside area of the pothole part B (the first pothole part 1) of the part of the pothole part B (the first pothole part 1) becomes higher than the indoor space S, It changes from some pothole parts B (1st pothole part 1) to another pothole part (2nd pothole part 2).

  Therefore, while the natural ventilation of the whole building is well balanced in a plurality of potholes B based on a predetermined charge assignment, the pothole B in charge is sufficient for the indoor space S due to circumstances such as a decrease in the level of the neutral zone. When the suction force (ventilation performance) can no longer be expected, natural ventilation of the indoor space S can be continuously performed in a form in which another pothole B is used.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the case where a plurality of pothole portions having different levels to be ventilated in the vertical direction is provided as an example of the pothole portion B that can be changed by the ventilation path changing means T. A plurality of pothole portions having the same ventilation target hierarchy and different positions in the horizontal direction may be provided.

  In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of central side hole portions 8A and 8B positioned at the central portion of the indoor space S in the ventilation target layer and the outer peripheral portion (corner) of the indoor space S are provided. And a plurality of outer peripheral side hole parts 9A to 9D located in the central part), and the state where the hole part B communicated with the indoor space S by the ventilation path changing means T is set as the central side hole parts 8A and 8B (FIG. 4 ( a) and a state in which the hole part B communicating with the indoor space S is changed to the outer peripheral side hole parts 9A to 9D (see FIG. 4B).

  Further, for example, the ventilating passage changing means T is configured to be able to appropriately change the pothole portion B communicating with the indoor space S so that at least one of the pothole portions 8A, 8B, 9A to 9D is used. Also good.

  In FIG. 4, 6e to 6j are differential pressure sensors for detecting a pressure difference between the inner space of each of the potholes 8A, 8B, 9A to 9D and the indoor space S, and 4e to 4j are each of the potholes. This is a switching damper that can freely open and close communication ports 8a, 8b, and 9a to 9d between the portions 8A, 8B, and 9A to 9D and the indoor space S. Moreover, the same number is attached | subjected to the same location as the structure demonstrated in the above-mentioned embodiment in the same figure.

  (2) In the above-described embodiment, as a sensor for determining the suitability of the pothole B by the controller 5, the differential pressure sensors 6a to 6d that detect the pressure difference between the indoor space S and the pothole inner area of the pothole B. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various sensors can be employed as long as the controller 5 can detect or estimate the numerical value for determining the suitability of the pothole B. For example, it may be a pressure sensor that detects the pressure in the inner space of each of the indoor space S and each pothole B, or a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of each of the inner space S and the inner hole B.

  (3) As a modification of the first control method shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, the ventilation path changing means T is based on the detection value of the sensor installed in the building A, and among the plurality of potholes B, the indoor space S Alternatively, the inside of the pothole B may be on the high temperature side, and the pothole B where the temperature difference between the indoor space S and the pothole internal area is large may be communicated with the indoor space S. In this case, as the sensor, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the indoor space S and the temperature inside the pothole portion B of each pothole portion B is used, and the controller 5 detects the temperature difference between the indoor space S and the pothole internal area. It is preferable to make it operate.

  (4) As a modification of the second control method shown in the above-described embodiment, the ventilation path changing means T is in a state where some of the pothole portions B among the plurality of pothole portions B are communicated with the indoor space S. When the temperature difference between the indoor space S and the inside area of the potholes B of some of the potholes B is equal to or less than a predetermined value with the inside area of the pothole being the high temperature side based on the detection value of the sensor installed in the building, or When the inside area of the pothole part B of the part of the pothole part B becomes lower than the indoor space S, the pothole part B communicating with the indoor space S is changed from the part of the pothole part B to another pothole part B. May be. Also in this case, as the sensor, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the indoor space S and the temperature of the inner area of each pothole B is used, and the controller 5 determines the temperature difference between the indoor space S and the inner area of each pothole. It is preferable to make it operate.

(5) The change control of the pothole B by the ventilation path changing means T is not limited to the first control method and the second control method shown in the above-described embodiment, but a control method or building that prioritizes the air conditioning efficiency of the indoor space S. Various control methods such as a control method giving priority to the air conditioning efficiency of the entire A or a control method giving priority to the natural ventilation amount of the entire building A can be adopted.
For example, when adopting a control method that prioritizes natural ventilation of the entire building A, the pressure difference or temperature difference between the indoor space S on each floor of the building A and the inside area of the pothole B is regularly or periodically measured by a sensor. The ventilation path changing means T monitors and calculates the natural ventilation amount of the entire building A based on the detection value of the sensor, so that the natural ventilation amount of the entire building A is maximized in the indoor space S of each floor. You may make it change the pothole part B to communicate.

(6) As the switching dampers 4a to 4j constituting the ventilation path changing means T, for example, damper blades that can swing open and close around the upper horizontal axis are attached to the closed side by gravity urging means such as a weight that can move up and down. Depending on the pressure difference between the front and rear of the damper blade, such as a biased one, an opening / closing operation (and opening degree adjustment) may be used with the air pressure generated by this pressure difference.
In this way, when the inner area of the coffin hole B and the indoor space S are equal to or larger than the set pressure difference, the damper blades are naturally opened by the air pressure generated by the pressure difference, and the internal area of the coffin hole B Since the indoor space S is communicated, it is possible to change the pothole portion B communicated with the indoor space S without being based on electrical change control such as a separate operation command.
In this case, for example, a reverse flow of a stopper or the like that restricts the opening operation from the closed position of the damper blade to the indoor space S side so as to prevent the backflow of air from the inside area of the recessed hole portion B to the indoor space S. It is preferable to add a prevention means.

  (7) The pothole B is not limited to the one that exhausts from the roof of the building A to the outside shown in the above-described embodiment, but may be one that exhausts from the outer peripheral part of the building A to the outside.

  The present invention can be suitably used for ventilation and ventilation of various buildings as well as multi-layer buildings such as middle-high-rise buildings.

A Building B Cave hole T Ventilation path changing means R1, R2 Overlap hierarchy S Indoor space (ventilated area)
S1 to S3 Bore hole inner area 1a Communication port 2a Communication port 3a Communication port 8a, 8b Communication port 9a to 9d Communication port 4a to 4j Switching damper 5 Controller 6a to 6j Differential pressure sensor (sensor)

Claims (4)

A building ventilation system equipped with a natural ventilation vent that naturally raises the air in the building and exhausts it outdoors.
A plurality of the hole portions that can communicate with a ventilated area in a building, an intake port that allows communication between the ventilated area and the inner hole area, and an exhaust that communicates the inner hole area with the outside on the upper end side. It is configured to be able to exhaust the air from the ventilated area from the ventilated area to the outside through the air inlet, after the air in the ventilated area is sucked into the inside area of the pit and naturally raised in the inside area of the pit a plurality of said wells portion which is, communicated to the pit portion can change the ventilation path changing means disposed et al is said to be ventilated area,
As the plurality of pothole portions, a lower pothole portion formed in a state extending from the lowermost layer of the lower ventilation target layer to the rooftop and a section formed in a state extending from the lowermost layer of the upper ventilation target layer to the rooftop are formed. The upper side pit hole part is provided in a state where a part of the ventilation target layer overlaps,
The ventilating path changing means can selectively change communication between the lower pothole part and the upper pothole part with respect to the ventilated area in the overlapping hierarchy of the lower pothole part and the upper pothole part. Building ventilation system that is composed of . The ventilation path changing means is based on a detection value of a sensor installed in a building, and among the plurality of potholes, the pothole inner area is lower than the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy, and is on the low pressure side or the high temperature side, and , the ventilation zone and the pit inner zone and ventilation system of claim 1, wherein building the pressure difference or temperature difference is a pit portion becomes larger is configured to communicate with the target ventilation zone. The ventilation path changing means is in a state in which some of the potholes are communicated with the ventilated area in the ventilation target hierarchy, based on the detection value of a sensor installed in the building, When the pressure difference or the temperature difference between the ventilated area and the pothole internal area of some of the potholes in the ventilation target hierarchy falls below a predetermined value with the pothole internal area being the low pressure side or the high temperature side, or When the inside area of the pothole of a part of the pothole part is higher than the area, the pothole part connected to the ventilated area is changed from the part of the pothole part to another pothole part. Item 1. The building ventilation system according to item 1 . In configuring the ventilation path changing means,
A communication port that communicates each of the plurality of potholes with a ventilated area in a building, a switching damper that can open and close the communication port, and a control unit that controls the operation of the switching damper. Item 4. The building ventilation system according to any one of Items 1 to 3 .

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