JP6443627B2 - Transformer cooling system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling device for forcibly air-cooling a transformer housed in a housing.

9 and 10 show the prior art (first prior art) of the transformer panel in which the transformer is housed in the housing, FIG. 9 is a front view showing the internal structure of the housing, and FIG. It is XX sectional drawing of.
In these drawings, 101 is a housing, 102 is a three-phase transformer, 103R, 103S, and 103T are winding portions for each phase, 104 is a primary winding, 105 is a secondary winding, and 106 and 107 are yokes. Show.

  In this transformer panel, an exhaust fan 108 is disposed at the top of the housing 101, and an air inlet 109 is provided below the front surface of the housing 101. Further, a partition plate 110 is disposed above the inside of the casing 101, and push-type accessory fans 111 are disposed in the front and rear in the vicinity of the lower ends of the winding portions 103R, 103S, and 103T.

  With the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 10, the cooling air flowing from the intake port 109 by operating the exhaust fan 108 moves upward around the winding portions 103R, 103S, and 103T and is exhausted from the exhaust fan 108. Is done. At the same time, by operating the attached fan 111 and blowing air to the winding portions 103R, 103S, and 103T, an airflow of cooling air that cools the entire transformer 102 from below is formed.

Patent Document 1 describes a cooling device having another structure.
FIG. 11 shows the second prior art described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing the third prior art.
11 and 12, 201 is a casing of a transformer panel, 202 is a transformer, 202a is a winding portion in which a primary winding and a secondary winding are wound around an iron core, 203 is an intake port, 204 Is an exhaust fan, 205, 206, and 207 are partition plates for controlling the direction of airflow, and 205a and 207a are openings.

In the second prior art shown in FIG. 11, the cooling fan that has operated the exhaust fan 204 and has flowed in from the intake port 203 passes through the opening portion 207a, the winding portion 202a, the opening portion 205a, and the like. Exhausted from.
Further, in the third prior art shown in FIG. 12, due to the absence of the partition plate 205 in FIG. 11, a part of the cooling air flowing in from the intake port 203 is directly passed around the transformer 202. Heading toward the exhaust fan 204.
In the second and third prior arts described above, by arranging the partition plates 205, 206, and 207 around the transformer 202, the airflow that maximizes the amount and speed of the cooling air supplied to the transformer 202. It is devised to increase the cooling capacity by forming a flow path.

JP2013-4598A (FIGS. 4, 6, etc.)

In the first prior art shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the flow path of the cooling air introduced from the air inlet 109 into the housing 101 is regulated by the partition plate 110 in the vicinity of the upper exhaust fan 108. There is only. Accordingly, since the flow passage area of the cooling air is large inside the casing 101, it is difficult to cool the transformer 102 in a concentrated manner.
Further, between the iron core of the transformer 102, the primary winding 104, and the secondary winding 105, a fixing member and an insulating member are used to fix and insulate each part. The channel area is reduced. For this reason, the pressure loss inside the transformer 102 is large, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient cooling effect.

  Therefore, in the first prior art, the attached fans 111 are arranged near the lower ends of the winding portions 103R, 103S, and 103T to cool the winding portions 103R, 103S, and 103T individually. There is a problem that a fan is required, which increases costs, increases the size of the transformer panel, and complicates assembly work and maintenance work.

  Further, as described above, when the pressure loss inside the transformer 102 is large, a difference occurs in the air volume passing through the inside and outside of the transformer 102, and the internal temperature of the transformer 102 becomes higher than the external temperature due to the difference in the air volume. The cooling capacity for the transformer 102 is determined by the specifications of the exhaust fan, the area of the intake port, etc. If the temperature inside and outside the transformer 102 is uneven, the cooling capacity must be designed based on the temperature of the high temperature part. As a result, there has been a problem that the capacity of the exhaust fan or the like becomes large and the cost becomes high.

  Further, in the second and third prior arts shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the airflow of the cooling air passing through the inside and outside of the transformer 202 is biased, and a large temperature difference occurs between the inside and outside of the transformer 202. In some cases, it was difficult to cool the iron core, the primary winding, and the secondary winding uniformly.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to uniformly cool the inside and outside of the transformer to make the temperature uniform, and to eliminate the need for an attached fan or the like, to reduce the size of the transformer panel, to reduce costs, assembly work, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a transformer cooling device that can be made easy.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a cooling device for forcibly cooling a transformer housed in a housing with cooling air.
The upper partition plate and the lower partition plate respectively disposed at both axial ends of the winding portion constituting the transformer, and an exhaust fan disposed in the vicinity of the upper portion of the casing,
A main air inlet and a sub air inlet are formed in the housing, and openings are provided in the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, and the upper partition plate vent and lower partition are formed between the winding core and the iron core. Each with a vent in the plate,
By operating the exhaust fan,
Cooling air that has flowed into the periphery of the winding portion from the main air intake port is directed toward the exhaust fan through an end air vent formed between an end portion of the upper partition plate and the inner surface of the housing. A first air stream to pass;
The cooling air flowing in from the auxiliary air inlet is exhausted along the axial direction of the winding portion from the lower partition plate vent through the inside of the winding portion and the upper partition plate vent. And a second air flow passing in the fan direction.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the transformer cooling device according to the first aspect, the main air inlet is formed in the front surface of the housing, and the auxiliary air inlet is located near the lower end of the housing. It is formed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the transformer cooling device according to the second aspect, the end vent is formed between the rear end of the upper partition plate and the inner surface of the housing. Features.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the transformer cooling device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the winding portion includes a primary winding wound concentrically with respect to the iron core. A secondary winding, and the second airflow is passed through gaps respectively held between the iron core and the primary winding and between the primary winding and the secondary winding. It is characterized by that.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the transformer cooling device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the area of the upper partition plate vent and the lower partition plate vent is changed to pass through the gap. It is characterized by adjusting the amount of airflow .

The invention according to claim 6, in transformer cooling apparatus according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein the first passing through the end vent by changing the area of the end vent It is characterized by adjusting the amount of airflow.

The invention which concerns on Claim 7 WHEREIN: In the cooling device of the transformer described in any one of Claims 1-6, the bypass ventilation hole which allows the said 2nd airflow to pass was formed in the said lower partition plate. Features.

In the present invention, the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate are arranged above and below the housing, and the partition plate vents and end vents are formed in these partition plates, and around the transformer and inside the transformer. The first air flow and the second air flow are allowed to pass through, respectively.
This makes it possible to cool the transformer evenly from inside and outside in the space defined by the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, and makes the temperature inside the housing uniform, downsizing, cost reduction, assembly work, etc. Simplification can be achieved.

It is a figure which shows the internal structure etc. of the transformer panel to which embodiment of this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing of the 1st, 2nd airflow in embodiment of this invention. It is the cross-sectional view and longitudinal cross-sectional view of the coil | winding part in embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the coil | winding part in other embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the principal part seen from the upper partition plate direction in Drawing 1 (a) and (b). It is a bottom view of the principal part at the time of forming a bypass vent in the lower partition plate in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the principal part seen from the upper partition plate direction in other embodiments of the present invention. It is a top view of the principal part seen from the upper partition plate direction in other embodiments of the present invention. It is a front view which shows the 1st prior art. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the 2nd prior art described in patent document 1. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the 3rd prior art described in patent document 1. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a transformer panel in which a three-phase transformer is arranged inside a housing. FIG. 1 (a) is a front view showing the structure inside the housing, and FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, FIG. 1C is a plan view seen from above an upper partition plate 4 described later, and FIG. 1D is an explanatory view of a first airflow described later.

1 (a) and 1 (b), windings 3R, 3S, and 3T of respective phases constituting the transformer 2 are arranged in parallel inside the casing 1, and the shafts of the windings 3R, 3S, and 3T are arranged in parallel. An upper partition plate 4 and a lower partition plate 5 are disposed at both ends in the direction. 6 and 7 are yokes, 8 is a primary winding wound around the iron core 10 (see FIG. 1D), and 9 is a secondary winding wound around the primary winding 8.
An exhaust fan 21 is disposed on the top of the housing 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, a first intake port 22 as a main intake port is disposed on the front surface of the housing 1, and a second intake air as a sub intake port is provided on the front surface near the lower end of the housing 1. A third air intake port 24 as a sub air intake port is disposed on the back surface of the port 23, respectively.
Although not shown, fourth and fifth intake ports as auxiliary intake ports are further arranged on the left and right in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the housing 1 in FIG. An intake port may be arranged).

  As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, the upper partition plate 4 and the lower partition plate 5 have a partition plate ventilation hole 4a between the winding cores 3R, 3S and 3T and the iron core 10. , 5a are formed with substantially circular openings 4b, 5b, respectively. In addition, a first air flow (indicated by a white arrow) between the rear end portion of the upper partition plate 4 and the inner surface of the casing 1 from the periphery of the winding portions 3R, 3S, 3T toward the exhaust fan 21. An end ventilation hole 4c through which S1 passes is formed.

FIG. 1D shows a cross-sectional structure of the winding part. This cross-sectional structure is common to all the winding portions 3R, 3S, 3T.
In FIG. 1 (d), an insulating cylinder 12 is disposed in the gap 11 between the iron core 10 and the primary winding 8, and an insulating cylinder is provided in the gap 13 between the primary winding 8 and the secondary winding 9. 14 is arranged. As shown in the figure, the cooling air flowing in from the first air inlet 22 in FIG. 1B becomes the first air flow S1, mainly wraps around the outer peripheral surface of the secondary winding 9, and the end ventilation. It flows in the direction of the exhaust fan 21 through the port 4c.
On the other hand, the cooling air flowing in from the second and third air inlets 23 and 24 in FIG. 1 (b) becomes the second air flow S2, and the gap 11 13 and flows in the direction of the exhaust fan 21 through the partition plate vent 4a.

Here, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the operation of the first and second airflows S1 and S2.
Although it is difficult to clearly separate the first and second airflows S1 and S2, the first airflow S1 is generated from the outer peripheral surface of the secondary winding 9, the outer peripheral surface of the primary winding 8, and the secondary windings 9 to each other. Therefore, the windings 8 and 9 are mainly cooled from the outside. On the other hand, since most of the second air flow S2 passes through the gaps 11 and 13, the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 10, the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the primary winding 8, and the secondary winding 9 are mainly used. It serves to cool the inner peripheral surface and the like efficiently.
The first and second airflows S1 and S2 merge before the exhaust fan 21 in FIG. 1B, and are exhausted to the outside as the airflow S.

FIG. 3A is a transverse sectional view of the winding portion, and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view.
By adjusting the diameters of the opening 4b of the upper partition plate 4 and the opening 5b of the lower partition plate 5 described above, the cross-sectional areas of the gaps 11 and 13 through which the second airflow S2 passes can be adjusted.
FIG. 3B is an example in which the diameters of the openings 4 b and 5 b are equal to the inner diameter of the insulating cylinder 14. According to this example, except for the portion blocked by the yokes 6 and 7, the entire gap 11 and a part of the gap 13 become the flow path of the second air flow S <b> 2, and mainly the iron core 10 and the primary winding 8. Can be cooled.

FIG. 4A shows an example in which the diameters of the openings 4 b and 5 b are equal to the inner diameter of the secondary winding 9. According to this example, except for the portion blocked by the yokes 6 and 7, the entire gaps 11 and 13 become the flow path of the second air flow S2, and mainly the iron core 10, the primary winding 8, and the secondary winding. The inner peripheral surface of 9 can be cooled.
FIG. 4B is an example in which the diameters of the openings 4 b and 5 b are equal to the inner diameter of the primary winding 8. In this case, except for the portion blocked by the yokes 6 and 7, the entire gap 11 becomes the flow path of the second air flow S2, whereas the gap 13 does not become the flow path of the air flow S2. According to this example, the iron core 10 and the inner peripheral surface of the primary winding 8 can be mainly cooled.
FIG. 4C is an example in which the diameters of the openings 4 b and 5 b are equal to the inner diameter of the insulating cylinder 12. In this case, except for the portions blocked by the yokes 6 and 7, a part of the gap 11 serves as a flow path for the second air flow S2, whereas the gap 13 does not serve as a flow path for the air flow S2. According to this example, it is mainly effective for cooling the iron core 10.

  Next, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the main part viewed from the direction of the upper partition plate in FIGS. As described above, between the rear end portion of the upper partition plate 4 and the inner surface of the housing 1, the end vent hole 4 c serving as the passage of the second air flow S <b> 2 is formed. Although not shown, a space corresponding to the end vent 4c is not formed in the lower partition plate 5. In FIG. 5, the end vent 4c is formed continuously in the direction in which the winding portions 3R, 3S, and 3T are arranged in parallel. However, like the bypass vent 5c described later, the end portions 4R are formed in the winding portions 3R, 3S, and 3T. You may form separately corresponding to each.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are bottom views of the main part when a bypass vent is formed in the lower partition plate 5 in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).
According to the structure shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the second airflow S2 due to the cooling air flowing in from the second air inlet 23 and the third air inlet 24 becomes the gap 11 between the winding portions 3R, 3S, 3T. , 13 is easy to pass through, so that the effect of cooling the winding portions 3R, 3S, 3T from the inside is great. However, when it is desired to more intensively cool the secondary winding 9 using the second airflow S2, it is effective to form a bypass vent in the lower partition plate 5 as described below. .

That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, the bypass vents 5c are formed corresponding to the winding portions 3R, 3S, and 3T, and each bypass vent 5c is connected to the secondary winding 9 when viewed from the bottom. The positional relationship overlaps with a part. As a result, the cooling air that has passed through the bypass vent 5c comes into direct contact with the secondary winding 9, and cooling of the secondary winding 9 can be promoted.
FIG. 6B shows an example in which the three bypass vents 5c in FIG. 6A are made continuous to form a single bypass vent 5d. According to FIG.6 (b), the process of a bypass vent becomes easy compared with Fig.6 (a).

Next, FIG. 7, FIG. 8 is a top view of the principal part seen from the upper partition plate direction in other embodiment of this invention. In these drawings, an end vent 4c formed between the upper partition plate 4 and the inner surface of the casing 1 is hatched.
If the area of the end vent 4c is changed, the air volume and the air speed of the second air flow S2 can be adjusted, thereby mainly adjusting the cooling capacity on the back side of the winding portions 3R, 3S, 3T. Can do. 7 and 8 show a structure for adjusting the area of the end vent 4c.

That is, as a method for adjusting the area of the end vent 4c, as shown in FIG. 7, the air volume adjusting plate 15 can be fixed in a desired position by sliding it in the front-rear direction of the housing 1, or in FIG. As shown, there is a method in which a pair of air volume adjusting plates 16 is slid in the left-right direction of the housing 1 and can be fixed at a desired position.
In any case, in order to prevent the second airflow S2 from being biased, the planar shape of the end vent 4c formed after the air volume adjusting plates 15 and 16 are slid is formed in the central winding 3S. It is desirable to have line symmetry as the center.

  As described above, the cooling device according to the present invention partitions the upper and lower sides of the transformer 2 housed in the housing 1 with the upper partition plate 4 and the lower partition plate 5 and flows into the interior of the housing 1 from below the front surface. The first airflow S1 that flows around the winding portions 3R, 3S, and 3T and flows toward the exhaust fan 21 through the end vent 4c at the rear end of the upper partition plate 4 and from below the housing 1 The first and first airflows 5a and 4a and the second airflow S2 flowing in the direction of the exhaust fan 21 through the inside of the partition plate vents 5a and 4a and the winding portions 3R, 3S and 3T are generated. The transformer 2 is cooled by the synergistic effect of the two airflows S1 and S2.

For this reason, the outer peripheral surfaces of the primary winding 8 and the secondary winding 9, the gaps between the windings 8 and 9, the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 10, etc. can be cooled evenly, and the internal temperature of the housing can be made uniform. Can do. Therefore, when the internal temperature is not uniform, there is no need to design the cooling capacity and the cooling equipment in accordance with the high temperature part, and there is no fear of incurring high costs due to the overspec cooling equipment.
Further, since the diffusion of the cooling air can be prevented by the upper partition plate 4 and the lower partition plate 5, the transformer 2 can be cooled with high efficiency by using the cooling air without waste.
Furthermore, since the secondary winding 9 can be intensively cooled from below by the second air flow S2, it is not necessary to arrange a large number of attached fans as in the prior art, thereby reducing costs and miniaturizing the transformer panel. In addition to contributing, it is possible to facilitate assembly work and maintenance work.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the cross-sectional area of the flow path through which the second air flow S <b> 2 passes in the winding portion (inner diameters of the vent holes 4 a and 5 a in the partition plate), the rear of the upper partition plate 4. By appropriately adjusting the area of the end vent 4c formed at the end and the areas of the bypass vents 5c, 5d formed in the lower partition plate 5, the shape and volume of the housing 1, the winding portion The optimal and efficient cooling device can be realized in accordance with the number of phases (number of phases), the cooling capacity of the exhaust fan 21, and the like.

  The present invention can be used not only for a single transformer panel, but also for a power converter that integrates a transformer panel, a semiconductor power unit, and a control device thereof.

1: Housing
2: Transformer 3R, 3S, 3T: Winding part
4: Upper partition plate 4a: Vent hole in partition plate 4b: Opening portion 4c: End portion vent port 5: Lower partition plate 5a: Vent port in partition plate 5b: Opening portion 5c, 5d: Bypass vent ports 6, 7: York
8: Primary winding 9: Secondary winding 10: Iron core 11, 13: Gap 12, 14: Insulating cylinder 15, 16: Air flow adjusting plate 21: Exhaust fan 22: First intake port (main intake port)
23: Second intake port (sub-intake port)
24: Third inlet (secondary inlet)
S1: First airflow S2: Second airflow S: Airflow

Claims (7)

In the cooling device forcibly cooling the transformer housed in the housing with cooling air,
The upper partition plate and the lower partition plate respectively disposed at both axial ends of the winding portion constituting the transformer, and an exhaust fan disposed in the vicinity of the upper portion of the casing,
A main air inlet and a sub air inlet are formed in the housing, and openings are provided in the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, and the upper partition plate vent and lower partition are formed between the winding core and the iron core. Each with a vent in the plate,
By operating the exhaust fan,
Cooling air that has flowed into the periphery of the winding portion from the main air intake port is directed toward the exhaust fan through an end air vent formed between an end portion of the upper partition plate and the inner surface of the housing. A first air stream to pass;
The cooling air flowing in from the auxiliary air inlet is exhausted along the axial direction of the winding portion from the lower partition plate vent through the inside of the winding portion and the upper partition plate vent. A second air stream passing in the fan direction;
A transformer cooling device, characterized in that is formed. The transformer cooling device according to claim 1,
The transformer cooling device, wherein the main air inlet is formed in a front surface of the housing, and the sub air inlet is formed in the vicinity of a lower end portion of the housing. The transformer cooling device according to claim 2,
The transformer cooling device, wherein the end vent is formed between a rear end portion of the upper partition plate and an inner surface of the housing. In the cooling device of the transformer given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1-3,
The winding portion includes a primary winding and a secondary winding wound concentrically with the iron core, between the iron core and the primary winding, and the primary winding and the The transformer cooling device , wherein the second airflow is passed through gaps respectively held between the secondary windings . The transformer cooling device according to claim 4 ,
The transformer cooling device, wherein the amount of the second airflow passing through the gap is adjusted by changing the areas of the vent holes in the upper partition plate and the vent holes in the lower partition plate . In the transformer of the cooling apparatus according to any one of claim 1 to 5
Cooling system of the transformer, characterized in that adjusting the amount of the first air flow by changing the area of the end vent through the end vent. In the cooling device for a transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A transformer cooling device , wherein a bypass vent for allowing the second air flow to pass through is formed in the lower partition plate .

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