JP6426006B2 - 固体気化装置 - Google Patents
固体気化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6426006B2 JP6426006B2 JP2015000671A JP2015000671A JP6426006B2 JP 6426006 B2 JP6426006 B2 JP 6426006B2 JP 2015000671 A JP2015000671 A JP 2015000671A JP 2015000671 A JP2015000671 A JP 2015000671A JP 6426006 B2 JP6426006 B2 JP 6426006B2
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 143
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 307
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 110
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical group [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- -1 zirconum Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorogallium Chemical compound [Ga]Cl XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001101998 Galium Species 0.000 description 1
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si] SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
- C23C16/4488—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by in situ generation of reactive gas by chemical or electrochemical reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1253—Heating the gasifier by injecting hot gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Description
ここで、簡単な構造の小型で安価な固体気化装置があると、別な産業への応用があるため、この装置は産業上重要である。固体が有機物で高温加熱ガスが過熱スチームのとき、固体気化装置はメタンガスCH4と水素H2を発生させる。1000℃のメタンCH4と1000℃の過熱スチームを加熱ガス接触装置で接触させると、反応して、水素と2酸化炭素のガスが発生する。即ち、固体気化装置は、有機物を分解して、水素やメタンを発生させる装置となるため、有機物から再生可能エネルギーを取り出す装置やシステムのための部品として利用することができる。つまり、高温に加熱したガスと固体を接触させてガスを発生させる装置は、HVPEの産業分野だけでなく、巨大市場の再生可能エネルギーを取り出す産業にとって有効である。
なお、本実施形態における構成要素は適宜、既存の構成要素等との置き換えが可能であり、また、他の既存の構成要素との組み合わせを含む様々なバリエーションが可能である。したがって、本実施形態の記載をもって、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の内容を限定するものではない。
図1に本発明で用いるヒートビーム流体熱交換装置の熱交換器構造に関する原理図を示す。図1に基づく熱交換装置を、ここでは以後ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置と呼ぶことにする。ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置は株式会社フィルテック(東京都文京区本郷7−3−1東京大学アントレプレナープラザビル)が製造販売している(インターネット:<URL:http://www.philtech.co.jp/products_services/index.html>)。
当該基本構造は、図2のヒートビーム流体熱交換装置200に原料固体を収納する反応室300を結合して備える。また、加熱ガス出口206と加熱ガス入口301とが結合されている。反応室300は、断熱材302で保温されていて、熱の散逸を抑える。ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置200からの加熱ガス208が原料固体303に直接当たり、原料固体303の元素を含む生成ガス305が生成ガス出口304から出る。十分な原料固体303があると、生成ガス305の量は加熱ガス208の温度と流量に依存する量になるため、原料固体303の残量への依存の程度が低くなる。
図4に実施例1である固体気化装置400の構造模式図を示す。
固体気化装置400は加熱第1ガスの生成装置1(401)と固体気化室402と高温ガス接触室403と加熱された第2ガス430の生成装置2(404)とから構成されている。
実施例1で固体気化装置400の構造例を示した。原料固体417としてシリコンウエハを置き、第1ガス429として塩酸HCLを用いると、塩化シランとしてSiCl4やSiHCl3を含む生成ガス305を得ることが可能である。
原料固体417を植物由来の有機物とし、第1ガスと第2ガスとをスチームとすると、水素と二酸化炭素とを主成分とする固体気化ガス425が得られる。当該有機物は、例えば、木片である。第1ガスと第2ガスのスチームは、水であっても、加熱したスチームであっても、加熱第1ガスの生成装置1(401)と加熱第2ガスの生成装置2(404)とにより過熱スチーム1、2が生成される。
201;縦溝
202;横溝
203;ヒーター
204;ヒーター
205;ガス入口
206;加熱ガス出口
207;導入ガス
208;加熱ガス
209;断熱材
210;密閉板
300;反応室
301;加熱ガス入口
302;断熱材
303;原料固体
304;生成ガス出口
305;生成ガス
400;固体気化装置
401;加熱第1ガスの生成装置1
402;固体気化室
403;高温ガス接触室
404;加熱第2ガスの生成装置2
405;第1ガスの入口
406;ヒートビーム流体熱交換器
407;断熱材
408;生成装置1の密閉ケース
409;加熱第1ガスの出口
410;加熱第1ガスの熱電対
411;生成装置1のヒーター給電線
412;生成装置1の出口接続フランジ
413;反応室の入口接続フランジ
414;反応室
415;反応室の密閉ケース
416;原料固体の搬送容器
417;原料固体
418;反応室の出口接続フランジ
419;高温ガス接触室の入口接続フランジ
420;加熱第2ガスの入口
421;加熱第2ガスの熱電対
422;加熱第2ガスの生成装置2出口接続フランジ
423;加熱第2ガスの導入フランジ
424;高温ガス接触室の出口
425;固体気化ガス
426;パージガス入口
427;パージガス入口
428;パージガス入口
429;第1ガス
430;第2ガス
Claims (5)
- ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置が密閉ケースに収納された加熱第1ガス生成装置と、原料固体が収納される反応室が断熱材で断熱され密閉ケースに収納された固体気化室と、高温ガス接触室と、第2ガス生成装置とを備え、
前記ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置は加熱第1ガス入口と加熱第1ガス出口とを有し、前記反応室は加熱ガス入口と生成ガス出口とを有し、前記高温ガス接触室は高温ガス接触室入口と第2加熱ガス入口と高温ガス接触室出口とを有し、前記第2ガス生成装置は加熱第2ガス入口と加熱第2ガス出口とを有し、前記加熱第1ガス出口と前記加熱ガス入口とが結合されており、前記生成ガス出口と前記高温ガス接触室入口とが結合されており、前記第2加熱ガス入口と前記加熱第2ガス出口とが結合されており、
前記加熱第1ガス生成装置は出口フランジを有し、前記固体気化室は入口接続フランジと出口接続フランジとを有し、前記高温ガス接触室は生成ガス入口接続フランジと加熱第2ガス導入フランジとを有し、前記第2ガス生成装置は加熱第2ガス出口フランジを有し、前記出口フランジは前記入口接続フランジに接続され、前記出口接続フランジは前記生成ガス入口接続フランジに接続され、前記加熱第2ガス導入フランジは前記加熱第2ガス出口フランジに接続されており、
前記固体気化室はヒーターを備えておらず、前記反応室で、前記原料固体に前記ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置で生成した第1の加熱ガスを前記加熱ガス入口から吹き付けて前記原料固体に垂直に衝突させ当該原料固体の表面を加熱すると同時に、当該加熱により前記原料固体と前記第1の加熱ガスとを反応させて、前記原料固体の元素を含む生成ガスを発生させ、
前記高温ガス接触室で、前記高温ガス接触室入口から輸送された前記生成ガスに前記第2加熱ガス入口から導入された第2の加熱ガスを接触させ、反応させて前記原料固体の元素を含む固体気化ガスを生成し、前記固体気化ガスを高温のまま輸送し使用し、
前記原料固体が、ガリューム、シリコン、インジューム、アルミニューム、亜鉛、チタン、タンタル、ジルコニューム、木片、紙、肉、または油脂である
ことを特徴とする固体気化装置。 - 前記反応室には、前記原料固体を移動機構により移動可能とする搬送容器が備えられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体気化装置。
- 前記第1および第2の加熱ガスがスチーム、水素、ハロゲン化水素、空気、炭化水素の群から選ばれる1または2以上のガスを含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の固体気化装置。
- 前記ヒートビーム流体熱交換装置と前記反応室とがシリコンカーバイド、炭素の焼結材、シリコンと炭素の焼結材、またはセラミックスで構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の固体気化装置。
- 前記第1および第2の加熱ガスの温度が1100℃までの高温ガスであることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の固体気化装置。
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US14/679,952 US9340736B2 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2015-04-06 | Solid gasification apparatus |
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